This essay proposes reading En las tierras del Potosí (1911), by Jaime Mendoza, as a diagnosis of the "national disease". In this novel, the author explores the multiple obstacles that the Bolivian nation faces on its way to modernity. On the one hand, by portraying worker’s health issues in the Llallagua tin mines, the novel denounces the exploitation by the mining company. However, the impact of the company's actions is much deeper: it produces the moral decomposition of the entire social body. In this way, the "barbarism" of the workers is produced by capitalism, and therefore cannot be reduced to racial or geographical factors. Yet, the solution that the novel proposes is not the eradication of capitalism, but the implantation of a capitalism driven by a “humanitarian motive”. On the other hand, the undisciplined bodies of women are pointed out as another cause of the failure of the modernizing project. Failure to adequately fulfill the maternal role puts the nation's "healthy future" at risk. Thus, there are two great obstacles that the modernizing project faces: a capitalism that produces poverty, disease and death, on the one hand, and indigenous women, on the other. While the first obstacle escapes the field of action of medical knowledge, the second can be overcome through disciplinary practices such as hygiene. Confidence in overcoming the second obstacle, however, is more than anything a compensatory maneuver, because as long as the first obstacle persists, any attempt to turn the Indian into a modern, clean and disciplined subject is doomed to failure.
这篇文章建议阅读杰米·门多萨（Jaime Mendoza）的《En las tierras del Potosí》（1911），作为“民族疾病”的诊断。在这部小说中，作者探讨了玻利维亚民族在走向现代的道路上所面临的多重障碍。一方面，小说通过描绘拉瓜锡矿工人的健康问题，谴责了矿业公司的剥削行为。然而，公司行为的影响要深刻得多：它产生了整个社会身体的道德分解。这样，工人的“野蛮”是资本主义产生的，因此不能归结为种族或地理因素。然而，小说提出的解决方案并不是根除资本主义，而是植入一种由“人道主义动机”驱动的资本主义。另一方面，不守纪律的妇女身体被指出是现代化项目失败的另一个原因。如果不能充分发挥母亲的作用，国家的“健康未来”将面临风险。因此，现代化项目面临两大障碍：一方面是产生贫困、疾病和死亡的资本主义，另一方面是土著妇女。虽然第一个障碍超出了医学知识的作用范围，但第二个障碍可以通过诸如卫生等学科实践来克服。然而，克服第二个障碍的信心最重要的是一种补偿性的策略，因为只要第一个障碍持续存在，任何将印度人转变为现代、干净和有纪律的主体的尝试都注定会失败。
{"title":"“Yo no veo aquí más que miserias”: Enfermedad social y capitalismo “humanitario” en En las tierras del Potosí","authors":"Ana Lucía Tello","doi":"10.5195/bsj.2022.214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/bsj.2022.214","url":null,"abstract":"This essay proposes reading En las tierras del Potosí (1911), by Jaime Mendoza, as a diagnosis of the \"national disease\". In this novel, the author explores the multiple obstacles that the Bolivian nation faces on its way to modernity. On the one hand, by portraying worker’s health issues in the Llallagua tin mines, the novel denounces the exploitation by the mining company. However, the impact of the company's actions is much deeper: it produces the moral decomposition of the entire social body. In this way, the \"barbarism\" of the workers is produced by capitalism, and therefore cannot be reduced to racial or geographical factors. Yet, the solution that the novel proposes is not the eradication of capitalism, but the implantation of a capitalism driven by a “humanitarian motive”. On the other hand, the undisciplined bodies of women are pointed out as another cause of the failure of the modernizing project. Failure to adequately fulfill the maternal role puts the nation's \"healthy future\" at risk. Thus, there are two great obstacles that the modernizing project faces: a capitalism that produces poverty, disease and death, on the one hand, and indigenous women, on the other. While the first obstacle escapes the field of action of medical knowledge, the second can be overcome through disciplinary practices such as hygiene. Confidence in overcoming the second obstacle, however, is more than anything a compensatory maneuver, because as long as the first obstacle persists, any attempt to turn the Indian into a modern, clean and disciplined subject is doomed to failure.","PeriodicalId":30365,"journal":{"name":"Bolivian Studies Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49416604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pilar de nuestra profesión; mentora de muchos bibliotecarios; comprometida con la profesión; investigadora consumada; amiga solidaria, competente, positiva y alegre. Así describieron a Nelly los colegas de SALALM2 cuando se conoció la noticia de su fallecimiento el 29 de noviembre de 2020. En esta nota recordatoria resaltamos las contribuciones y los logros de nuestra querida amiga durante sus 30 años de servicio en la universidad de Illinois en Urbana-Champaign, y sus 35 años como miembro de SALALM.
{"title":"Recordando a Nelly Sfeir González (Cochabamba, 1930 - Illinois, 2020)","authors":"Martha E. Mantilla, Antonio Sotomayor","doi":"10.5195/bsj.2022.259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/bsj.2022.259","url":null,"abstract":"Pilar de nuestra profesión; mentora de muchos bibliotecarios; comprometida con la profesión; investigadora consumada; amiga solidaria, competente, positiva y alegre. Así describieron a Nelly los colegas de SALALM2 cuando se conoció la noticia de su fallecimiento el 29 de noviembre de 2020. En esta nota recordatoria resaltamos las contribuciones y los logros de nuestra querida amiga durante sus 30 años de servicio en la universidad de Illinois en Urbana-Champaign, y sus 35 años como miembro de SALALM.","PeriodicalId":30365,"journal":{"name":"Bolivian Studies Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48155401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Índice de los números publicados desde ELI Vol. 1 (1990) hasta el Vol. 14 (2007)
从ELI第1卷(1990)到第14卷(2007)出版的问题索引
{"title":"BSJ Index Vol. 1 (1990) - Vol. 14 (2007)","authors":"Martha E. Mantilla","doi":"10.5195/bsj.2022.275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/bsj.2022.275","url":null,"abstract":"Índice de los números publicados desde ELI Vol. 1 (1990) hasta el Vol. 14 (2007)","PeriodicalId":30365,"journal":{"name":"Bolivian Studies Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45163424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article offers a critical study of the place that Jaime Saenz occupies within the broader context of translated literatures to shed light on the construction of his image as a writer both in Bolivia and in the countries in which he has been translated. How is Saenz's work viewed from a global perspective? I propose a methodology that analyzes and visualizes web media to study Saenz's position vis-à-vis his Bolivian and Latin American peers within the local and global mediation scene. I read Saenz's work through a web media map that visualizes him diachronically within a framework that considers his production and reception by publishers, editors, translators, literary agents, critics and sponsors, in national and international contexts. In this article I focus on showing the editorial mediation processes of Saenz's work comparatively and in relation not only to literature, but to the broader cultural field, which includes the social sciences and audiovisual arts. The image of a writer that results from this process (dark, accursed, esoteric, and associated with a mystical Andean spirituality) adds symbolic value and prestige to the author. A web media analysis helps to visualize how this added value was created over time and within its socio-political contexts.
{"title":"Mediación editorial y valor agregado: La obra de Jaime Saenz desde las redes sociales del pasado","authors":"R. Pareja","doi":"10.5195/bsj.2021.254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/bsj.2021.254","url":null,"abstract":"This article offers a critical study of the place that Jaime Saenz occupies within the broader context of translated literatures to shed light on the construction of his image as a writer both in Bolivia and in the countries in which he has been translated. How is Saenz's work viewed from a global perspective? I propose a methodology that analyzes and visualizes web media to study Saenz's position vis-à-vis his Bolivian and Latin American peers within the local and global mediation scene. I read Saenz's work through a web media map that visualizes him diachronically within a framework that considers his production and reception by publishers, editors, translators, literary agents, critics and sponsors, in national and international contexts. In this article I focus on showing the editorial mediation processes of Saenz's work comparatively and in relation not only to literature, but to the broader cultural field, which includes the social sciences and audiovisual arts. The image of a writer that results from this process (dark, accursed, esoteric, and associated with a mystical Andean spirituality) adds symbolic value and prestige to the author. A web media analysis helps to visualize how this added value was created over time and within its socio-political contexts. ","PeriodicalId":30365,"journal":{"name":"Bolivian Studies Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47017890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introducción: Ensanchando el lente crítico para el centenario de Jaime Saenz (1921-1986)","authors":"Tara Daly, R. Alfaro","doi":"10.5195/bsj.2021.257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/bsj.2021.257","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>n/a</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":30365,"journal":{"name":"Bolivian Studies Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46463408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In Jaime Saenz’s poem La Noche, mystical, linguistic, and symbolic elements interact to alter our conception of reality. I carry out such a reading by focusing on ritual and the ways that it influences Saenz’s poetic language. I show that this poem proposes to think about night as a cyclical territory in which time and space are decentered from their daily useage. This decentering reflects an identity crisis that emerges when we come face to face with the alterity within ourselves.
{"title":"La nada germinal: Desplazamiento y transformación ritual en La Noche de Jaime Saenz","authors":"Víctor Vimos","doi":"10.5195/bsj.2021.251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/bsj.2021.251","url":null,"abstract":"In Jaime Saenz’s poem La Noche, mystical, linguistic, and symbolic elements interact to alter our conception of reality. I carry out such a reading by focusing on ritual and the ways that it influences Saenz’s poetic language. I show that this poem proposes to think about night as a cyclical territory in which time and space are decentered from their daily useage. This decentering reflects an identity crisis that emerges when we come face to face with the alterity within ourselves. ","PeriodicalId":30365,"journal":{"name":"Bolivian Studies Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41994950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Clayton Mendonça Cunha Filho. Formação do Estado e Horizonte Plurinacional na Bolívia","authors":"Renata Peixoto de Oliveira","doi":"10.5195/bsj.2021.237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/bsj.2021.237","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":30365,"journal":{"name":"Bolivian Studies Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48009420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article addresses one of the major themes for reflection in Jaime Saenz's work: the question of “el estar”, developed as an artistic-epistemological elaboration that owes nothing to Western metaphysics. What interests here is to expose a poetic, critical and philosophical tradition of Latin American making, which is built around an ontology of "estar" and through the intervention of three key thinkers who in decisive moments of their reflection coincided in Bolivia: Jaime Saenz, Gamaliel Churata and Rodolfo Kusch. From different perspectives and expectations, these thinkers installed the philosophical provocation of "estar", giving way to the disturbing proposal that "estar” in life could precede and / or problematize the Heideggerian "being" in-the-world. The present work addresses these discussions in the case of Jaime Saenz.
{"title":"“¿No habría algún lugar en que se pudiese estar como en la propia casa?” Saenz, la cuestión del “estar”, el encuentro con Heidegger y la proyección de estos asuntos en Kusch y Churata","authors":"Elizabeth Monasterios Pérez","doi":"10.5195/bsj.2021.247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/bsj.2021.247","url":null,"abstract":"This article addresses one of the major themes for reflection in Jaime Saenz's work: the question of “el estar”, developed as an artistic-epistemological elaboration that owes nothing to Western metaphysics. What interests here is to expose a poetic, critical and philosophical tradition of Latin American making, which is built around an ontology of \"estar\" and through the intervention of three key thinkers who in decisive moments of their reflection coincided in Bolivia: Jaime Saenz, Gamaliel Churata and Rodolfo Kusch. From different perspectives and expectations, these thinkers installed the philosophical provocation of \"estar\", giving way to the disturbing proposal that \"estar” in life could precede and / or problematize the Heideggerian \"being\" in-the-world. The present work addresses these discussions in the case of Jaime Saenz.","PeriodicalId":30365,"journal":{"name":"Bolivian Studies Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46961841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Elizabeth Monasterios Pérez, ed. Urgencias del latinoamericanismo en tiempos de globalización conflictiva. Tributo a John Beverley","authors":"María Ximena Postigo Guzmán","doi":"10.5195/bsj.2021.270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/bsj.2021.270","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>n/a</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":30365,"journal":{"name":"Bolivian Studies Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46973989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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