Pub Date : 2023-01-04DOI: 10.17306/j.jard.2022.01600
Mahlogedi Victor Thindisa, B. Urban
There has been a proliferation of scholarly and practitioner interest in improving the competitiveness of small and medium agribusinesses involved in value-added processing activities in Africa. However, despite such interest, there is a paucity of entrepreneurship-focused research on the competitiveness of small and medium agribusinesses. Consequently, the purpose of this study was to test the relationship between the influence of entrepreneurial orientation and the compliance with standards of value-added processing facilities on the competitiveness of small and medium agribusinesses. Moreover, the moderating effects of entrepreneurial capital on this relationship were tested since entrepreneurial resources are firm-specific, potentially heterogeneous, and may be converted into tangible resources and effective market power. A survey was administered to a sample of 243 small and medium agribusinesses involved in value-added processing activities in South Africa. The study used hierarchical and sequential regression analysis to test the study models, which included testing for moderation effects. The results highlight that agribusiness competitiveness was enabled by higher levels of entrepreneurial capital, which is used by enterprises to integrate and leverage entrepreneurial orientation. It is recommended that policy makers prioritise and promote entrepreneurial orientation and develop entrepreneurial capital by offering programmes and incubation facilities targeting agribusinesses involved in value-added processing activities.
{"title":"THE COMPETITIVENESS OF AGRIBUSINESSES IN SOUTH AFRICA IN RELATION TO ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND COMPLIANCE WITH STANDARDS","authors":"Mahlogedi Victor Thindisa, B. Urban","doi":"10.17306/j.jard.2022.01600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17306/j.jard.2022.01600","url":null,"abstract":"There has been a proliferation of scholarly and practitioner interest in improving the competitiveness of small and medium agribusinesses involved in value-added processing activities in Africa. However, despite such interest, there is a paucity of entrepreneurship-focused research on the competitiveness of small and medium agribusinesses. Consequently, the purpose of this study was to test the relationship between the influence of entrepreneurial orientation and the compliance with standards of value-added processing facilities on the competitiveness of small and medium agribusinesses. Moreover, the moderating effects of entrepreneurial capital on this relationship were tested since entrepreneurial resources are firm-specific, potentially heterogeneous, and may be converted into tangible resources and effective market power. A survey was administered to a sample of 243 small and medium agribusinesses involved in value-added processing activities in South Africa. The study used hierarchical and sequential regression analysis to test the study models, which included testing for moderation effects. The results highlight that agribusiness competitiveness was enabled by higher levels of entrepreneurial capital, which is used by enterprises to integrate and leverage entrepreneurial orientation. It is recommended that policy makers prioritise and promote entrepreneurial orientation and develop entrepreneurial capital by offering programmes and incubation facilities targeting agribusinesses involved in value-added processing activities.","PeriodicalId":30385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49548786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-04DOI: 10.17306/j.jard.2022.01571
Peter Ngek Shillie, Roland Azibo Balgah, Clifort Tieh Njonyi
Inadequate access to credit remains a major constraint to agricultural production in Africa. However, not all farmers face this difficulty. This article assesses the determinants of agricultural credit access among rice farmers who are members of the Ngoketunjia Cooperative Credit Union in the Northwest Region of Cameroon. A structured pretested questionnaire was administered to 126 randomly selected credit beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries, all of whom are members of the study credit union. Binary logistic regression was performed, with the dependent variable (access to microcredit) being 1 (yes) if the respondent received a loan during the 2018/2019 farming season, and 0 (no) otherwise. 12 explanatory variables were used in the analysis, which adopted a 10% level of significance. Statistically significant relationships were observed between farm size, inputs, farm output, and access to loans, suggesting that access to microcredit has a positive impact on agricultural production. The three key factors facilitating access to microcredit were farming experience (B = 0.38, p = 0.06), the educational level of the farmer (B = 0.81, p = 0.06), and the diversion of loans to solve other problems (B = 1.64, p = 0.06). Based on these results, we recommend better financial inclusion of rice farmers in microcredit schemes to increase local rice production and reduce imports in Cameroon.
{"title":"DETERMINANTS OF CREDIT ACCESS AMONG RICE FARMERS IN RURAL CAMEROON","authors":"Peter Ngek Shillie, Roland Azibo Balgah, Clifort Tieh Njonyi","doi":"10.17306/j.jard.2022.01571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17306/j.jard.2022.01571","url":null,"abstract":"Inadequate access to credit remains a major constraint to agricultural production in Africa. However, not all farmers face this difficulty. This article assesses the determinants of agricultural credit access among rice farmers who are members of the Ngoketunjia Cooperative Credit Union in the Northwest Region of Cameroon. A structured pretested questionnaire was administered to 126 randomly selected credit beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries, all of whom are members of the study credit union. Binary logistic regression was performed, with the dependent variable (access to microcredit) being 1 (yes) if the respondent received a loan during the 2018/2019 farming season, and 0 (no) otherwise. 12 explanatory variables were used in the analysis, which adopted a 10% level of significance. Statistically significant relationships were observed between farm size, inputs, farm output, and access to loans, suggesting that access to microcredit has a positive impact on agricultural production. The three key factors facilitating access to microcredit were farming experience (B = 0.38, p = 0.06), the educational level of the farmer (B = 0.81, p = 0.06), and the diversion of loans to solve other problems (B = 1.64, p = 0.06). Based on these results, we recommend better financial inclusion of rice farmers in microcredit schemes to increase local rice production and reduce imports in Cameroon.","PeriodicalId":30385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49125175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-04DOI: 10.17306/j.jard.2022.01612
N. S. Molepo, N. S. Molepo
This study aims to analyse the socio-economic factors contributing to poverty reduction in South Africa using time series data from 2006 to 2019. The stationarity of the variables will be assessed by applying the Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) analytical technique will be adopted to analyse the cointegration amongst variables pertaining to different orders of cointegration amongst lower bound [I(0)] and upper bound [I(1)]. The study will analyse the long-term and short-term effects of the socio-economic factors contributing to poverty reduction in South Africa. If the calculated F-statistic is greater than the upper bound [I(1)], the Error Correction Model will be adopted to assess the short-run effects. Diagnostic tests will be performed to test the robustness of the model. The tests will performed will include: (1) the Breusch-Godfrey test for serial correlation; (2) the Jarque-Bera test for normality; (3) the Breusch-Pagan-Godfrey technique to test for heteroscedasticity; and (4) the cumulative sum chart to detect deviation from the average associated with a subgroup.
{"title":"HOUSEHOLD AND CONTEXTUAL INDICATORS OF POVERTY IN THE GAUTENG PROVINCE OF SOUTH AFRICA: A MULTILEVEL ANALYSIS","authors":"N. S. Molepo, N. S. Molepo","doi":"10.17306/j.jard.2022.01612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17306/j.jard.2022.01612","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to analyse the socio-economic factors contributing to poverty reduction in South Africa using time series data from 2006 to 2019. The stationarity of the variables will be assessed by applying the Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) analytical technique will be adopted to analyse the cointegration amongst variables pertaining to different orders of cointegration amongst lower bound [I(0)] and upper bound [I(1)]. The study will analyse the long-term and short-term effects of the socio-economic factors contributing to poverty reduction in South Africa. If the calculated F-statistic is greater than the upper bound [I(1)], the Error Correction Model will be adopted to assess the short-run effects. Diagnostic tests will be performed to test the robustness of the model. The tests will performed will include: (1) the Breusch-Godfrey test for serial correlation; (2) the Jarque-Bera test for normality; (3) the Breusch-Pagan-Godfrey technique to test for heteroscedasticity; and (4) the cumulative sum chart to detect deviation from the average associated with a subgroup.","PeriodicalId":30385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47895682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-04DOI: 10.17306/j.jard.2022.01646
John Kwame Gyan, Bartłomiej Bajan
The history of cocoa production in West Africa shows that commercial cocoa production began in the Gold Coast (Ghana) in the 1890s. By the 1920s, Ghana had become the world’s leading cocoa producer, accounting for over half of all production. Ghana continued to be a leading producer of cocoa until 1978, when Cote d’Ivoire topped Ghana as the world’s largest cocoa bean producer. It has since become the leading producer, with about a 40% share of global production. This study aimed to analyze the competitiveness and similarity of the Ivorian and Ghanaian cocoa sectors. Time series data (2011–2020) from FAOSTAT was used to analyze the level of competitiveness and similarity between the two largest cocoa-producing countries in West Africa. The analysis was conducted using the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Product Similarity Index (PSI), and Quality Similarity Index (QSI). The findings indicate that the two countries are strong competitors in cocoa exports and have the same quality of products. 2020 and 2017 witnessed the weakest competition between the two countries, with a similarity index of 0.53 and 0.60, respectively. It is concluded that the two economies (especially Ghana) guard against over-dependence on cocoa exports because a disruption in production would have a great shock on the economy.
{"title":"MARKET ANALYSIS ON COCOA BEANS EXPORT: THE CASE OF GHANA AND COTE D’IVOIRE IN WEST AFRICA","authors":"John Kwame Gyan, Bartłomiej Bajan","doi":"10.17306/j.jard.2022.01646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17306/j.jard.2022.01646","url":null,"abstract":"The history of cocoa production in West Africa shows that commercial cocoa production began in the Gold Coast (Ghana) in the 1890s. By the 1920s, Ghana had become the world’s leading cocoa producer, accounting for over half of all production. Ghana continued to be a leading producer of cocoa until 1978, when Cote d’Ivoire topped Ghana as the world’s largest cocoa bean producer. It has since become the leading producer, with about a 40% share of global production. This study aimed to analyze the competitiveness and similarity of the Ivorian and Ghanaian cocoa sectors. Time series data (2011–2020) from FAOSTAT was used to analyze the level of competitiveness and similarity between the two largest cocoa-producing countries in West Africa. The analysis was conducted using the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Product Similarity Index (PSI), and Quality Similarity Index (QSI). The findings indicate that the two countries are strong competitors in cocoa exports and have the same quality of products. 2020 and 2017 witnessed the weakest competition between the two countries, with a similarity index of 0.53 and 0.60, respectively. It is concluded that the two economies (especially Ghana) guard against over-dependence on cocoa exports because a disruption in production would have a great shock on the economy.","PeriodicalId":30385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46882977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-04DOI: 10.17306/j.jard.2022.01661
Adrianna Wojciechowska
The article focuses on women’s situation in the labour market in rural areas compared to men and on determinants that influence the labour market supply in Poland and Spain. The article examines these countries’ levels of gender parity. Through the theory of labour supply, the work presents problems women face when trying to participate in the labour force and wasted potential caused by lower performance compared to men. The methods applied in the research include: a critical literature review in order to place the research in its proper context and show the extension of the research beyond the state-of-the-art, as well as statistical analyses based on the data from national and European databases to show the statistically significant differences between the groups in question such as demographic, legal, socio-cultural and economic aspects. The paper concludes that women in rural areas, besides being more educated, have lower participation in the labour market. The gender gaps considering economic activity and gender pay gaps are higher in rural areas than in urban ones. The level of gaps are quite high in both countries. Lower wages in the occupations chosen by women, having different categories when choosing a job or rural areas specifics (higher number of children, more traditional household division of labour), among others, may be the reasons for gender gaps.
{"title":"HOW DESIRABLE IS GENDER EQUALITY IN THE RURAL LABOUR MARKET? THE EVIDENCE FROM SPAIN AND POLAND","authors":"Adrianna Wojciechowska","doi":"10.17306/j.jard.2022.01661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17306/j.jard.2022.01661","url":null,"abstract":"The article focuses on women’s situation in the labour market in rural areas compared to men and on determinants that influence the labour market supply in Poland and Spain. The article examines these countries’ levels of gender parity. Through the theory of labour supply, the work presents problems women face when trying to participate in the labour force and wasted potential caused by lower performance compared to men. The methods applied in the research include: a critical literature review in order to place the research in its proper context and show the extension of the research beyond the state-of-the-art, as well as statistical analyses based on the data from national and European databases to show the statistically significant differences between the groups in question such as demographic, legal, socio-cultural and economic aspects. The paper concludes that women in rural areas, besides being more educated, have lower participation in the labour market. The gender gaps considering economic activity and gender pay gaps are higher in rural areas than in urban ones. The level of gaps are quite high in both countries. Lower wages in the occupations chosen by women, having different categories when choosing a job or rural areas specifics (higher number of children, more traditional household division of labour), among others, may be the reasons for gender gaps.","PeriodicalId":30385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48643191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-04DOI: 10.17306/j.jard.2022.01645
Sokol Sallahu
This study analyses the importance of tourism as an industry to achieve the sustainable development in the municipality of Pristina. An analysis of local and international tourism is provided, as well as data presented on tourists’ stay in the Pristina region, and the positive impact on the growth of tourism over the years. This study uses a series of methods, such as qualitative and quantitative research methods, while the data in this paper are presented as a descriptive and comparative analysis of the pre- and post-pandemic eras. At its core, this paper has the analysis of strategic flows of tourism, which aim to explain the factors that influence certain behaviour of tourists and the relationships that determine the demand and supply of the tourism potential for the economic development of Pristina Municipality.
{"title":"THE IMPORTANCE OF THE TOURISM INDUSTRY IN KOSOVO WITH EVIDENCE FROM RURAL AREAS OF THE PRISTINA MUNICIPALITY","authors":"Sokol Sallahu","doi":"10.17306/j.jard.2022.01645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17306/j.jard.2022.01645","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyses the importance of tourism as an industry to achieve the sustainable development in the municipality of Pristina. An analysis of local and international tourism is provided, as well as data presented on tourists’ stay in the Pristina region, and the positive impact on the growth of tourism over the years. This study uses a series of methods, such as qualitative and quantitative research methods, while the data in this paper are presented as a descriptive and comparative analysis of the pre- and post-pandemic eras. At its core, this paper has the analysis of strategic flows of tourism, which aim to explain the factors that influence certain behaviour of tourists and the relationships that determine the demand and supply of the tourism potential for the economic development of Pristina Municipality.","PeriodicalId":30385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47362644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-04DOI: 10.17306/j.jard.2022.01537
Sunday Brownson Akpan, Etopobong Johnson Antia, V. S. Nkanta
This study defined sustainable technical efficiency from a set of efficiency indices generated from the maximum likelihood estimation of the stochastic production functions fitted on data collected from waterleaf farms in the Uyo agricultural zone of Akwa Ibom State, southern Nigeria. A multi-stage random sampling method was employed to choose two hundred respondents. A structured questionnaire was administered to the respondents to obtain the necessary data for the study. The empirical results revealed an average technical efficiency of 52.23% while the sustainable technical efficiency averaged 87.77% among waterleaf farmers in the zone. Determinants of Sustainable technical efficiency were identified using the Logit and Tobit models. The results of the two models were consistent and in line with the inefficiency model. Findings revealed that farmers’ age, number of female farmers, household size, farm size, farming experience, access to extension services, membership in social organization, land ownership status and non-farm income earned by farmers positively affected the sustainable technical efficiency of waterleaf farmers in the zone. On the other hand, farmers’ education, farming experience, cost of labour and value of post-harvest losses negatively affected sustainable technical efficiency. To achieve sustainable technical efficiency in waterleaf production, it is recommended that membership in social organizations should be intensified among waterleaf farmers. Also, land development is critical for the sustainability of waterleaf production in the zone. In addition, female beneficiaries should be the major target of any government intervention in waterleaf production. Training-based on-farm demonstrations, focus group discussion, advocacy and talks are preferred instead of a curriculum or formal education for waterleaf farmers in the State.
{"title":"SUSTAINABLE TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY: EVIDENCE FROM VEGETABLE (WATERLEAF: TALINUM TRIANGULARE) PRODUCTION IN SOUTHERN NIGERIA","authors":"Sunday Brownson Akpan, Etopobong Johnson Antia, V. S. Nkanta","doi":"10.17306/j.jard.2022.01537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17306/j.jard.2022.01537","url":null,"abstract":"This study defined sustainable technical efficiency from a set of efficiency indices generated from the maximum likelihood estimation of the stochastic production functions fitted on data collected from waterleaf farms in the Uyo agricultural zone of Akwa Ibom State, southern Nigeria. A multi-stage random sampling method was employed to choose two hundred respondents. A structured questionnaire was administered to the respondents to obtain the necessary data for the study. The empirical results revealed an average technical efficiency of 52.23% while the sustainable technical efficiency averaged 87.77% among waterleaf farmers in the zone. Determinants of Sustainable technical efficiency were identified using the Logit and Tobit models. The results of the two models were consistent and in line with the inefficiency model. Findings revealed that farmers’ age, number of female farmers, household size, farm size, farming experience, access to extension services, membership in social organization, land ownership status and non-farm income earned by farmers positively affected the sustainable technical efficiency of waterleaf farmers in the zone. On the other hand, farmers’ education, farming experience, cost of labour and value of post-harvest losses negatively affected sustainable technical efficiency. To achieve sustainable technical efficiency in waterleaf production, it is recommended that membership in social organizations should be intensified among waterleaf farmers. Also, land development is critical for the sustainability of waterleaf production in the zone. In addition, female beneficiaries should be the major target of any government intervention in waterleaf production. Training-based on-farm demonstrations, focus group discussion, advocacy and talks are preferred instead of a curriculum or formal education for waterleaf farmers in the State.","PeriodicalId":30385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46843260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-04DOI: 10.17306/j.jard.2022.01614
Kuruppu Ralalage Manuja Dulanjani, S. H. Pushpa Malkanthi, A. Atapattu
Agriculture is a dominant field in Sri Lanka, with vegetable cultivation accounting for a large portion of it. Improving agri-entrepreneurship is a good solution for increasing farm efficiency and effectiveness, reducing youth unemployment, and alleviating poverty in rural Sri Lanka. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing farmers’ entrepreneurial skills and the challenges that farmer-entrepreneurs face. The study area was chosen as Polgahawela DS division in Kurunegala district. One hundred vegetable farmers (50 young and 50 old) were chosen at random. A questionnaire survey was used to collect data. The data was analyzed using reliability analysis, multiple regression models, and one-way ANOVA. According to the findings, education level, farming experience, and extension services all have a significant impact on the development of farmers’ entrepreneurial skills, which have a positive effect on farmer performance. The most significant challenges for vegetable farmers are marketing risk and finance. To develop farmers’ entrepreneurial skills, projects and programs may focus on education level, farming experience, and extension services, with the support of successful and more experienced old farmers.
{"title":"THE EFFECT OF KNOWLEDGE FACTORS & CHALLENGES ON DEVELOPING ENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLS OF VEGETABLE FARMERS IN POLGAHAWELA DS DIVISION","authors":"Kuruppu Ralalage Manuja Dulanjani, S. H. Pushpa Malkanthi, A. Atapattu","doi":"10.17306/j.jard.2022.01614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17306/j.jard.2022.01614","url":null,"abstract":"Agriculture is a dominant field in Sri Lanka, with vegetable cultivation accounting for a large portion of it. Improving agri-entrepreneurship is a good solution for increasing farm efficiency and effectiveness, reducing youth unemployment, and alleviating poverty in rural Sri Lanka. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing farmers’ entrepreneurial skills and the challenges that farmer-entrepreneurs face. The study area was chosen as Polgahawela DS division in Kurunegala district. One hundred vegetable farmers (50 young and 50 old) were chosen at random. A questionnaire survey was used to collect data. The data was analyzed using reliability analysis, multiple regression models, and one-way ANOVA. According to the findings, education level, farming experience, and extension services all have a significant impact on the development of farmers’ entrepreneurial skills, which have a positive effect on farmer performance. The most significant challenges for vegetable farmers are marketing risk and finance. To develop farmers’ entrepreneurial skills, projects and programs may focus on education level, farming experience, and extension services, with the support of successful and more experienced old farmers.","PeriodicalId":30385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49384541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-10DOI: 10.17306/j.jard.2022.01621
Michał Jakub Barszczewski, Dawid Żyła
In this paper, economic rationality is measured using the tools of behavioral economics, and the extent to which factors such as field of study, place of origin, gender, interest in economics and economic situation affect this rationality is determined. The authors hypothesize that among these factors, place of origin may be of particular importance due to, among other things, differences in the quality of education between urban and rural areas. In order to verify this hypothesis, Poisson regression and data from a survey conducted on a sample of 232 students of universities in Poznań were used. The developed model proved that the influence of both field of study and interest in economics was statistically significant. Moreover, in some cases place of origin and economic situation (if one’s situation is classified as the worst) were also significant factors. The findings from the survey allowed us to identify the profile of the least economically rational student: a person from a town of up to 250,000 inhabitants, in a field of study within the humanities, in the worst financial situation.
{"title":"ECONOMIC RATIONALITY OF STUDENTS AT POZNAŃ UNIVERSITIES. DOES PLACE OF ORIGIN MATTER?","authors":"Michał Jakub Barszczewski, Dawid Żyła","doi":"10.17306/j.jard.2022.01621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17306/j.jard.2022.01621","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, economic rationality is measured using the tools of behavioral economics, and the extent to which factors such as field of study, place of origin, gender, interest in economics and economic situation affect this rationality is determined. The authors hypothesize that among these factors, place of origin may be of particular importance due to, among other things, differences in the quality of education between urban and rural areas. In order to verify this hypothesis, Poisson regression and data from a survey conducted on a sample of 232 students of universities in Poznań were used. The developed model proved that the influence of both field of study and interest in economics was statistically significant. Moreover, in some cases place of origin and economic situation (if one’s situation is classified as the worst) were also significant factors. The findings from the survey allowed us to identify the profile of the least economically rational student: a person from a town of up to 250,000 inhabitants, in a field of study within the humanities, in the worst financial situation.","PeriodicalId":30385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46465406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-10DOI: 10.17306/j.jard.2022.01553
A. Kehinde, A. Kehinde
Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) yield is characterized by low productivity but may be increased through the adoption of new technology or the efficient allocation of existing resources. In addition, improving the level of resource allocation is important for improving productivity. This study investigated resource use efficiency in small-scale okra production. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select 100 respondents. The primary data generated through the survey of 100 okra farmers were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the ordinary least squares regression model, and marginal value analysis. The average age of the respondents was 45 years, with 7 members in the household, and 2.8ha being farmed. The ordinary least squares regression estimate indicated age, labor, farm size, and herbicide and insecticide use that influenced okra production. Returns to scale was 2.09; resource use efficiency indicated the following values: farm size 0.343, herbicide application 0.857, insecticide application 0.75, and labor 4.80. The high cost of inputs (1.93), low numbers of extension contact with farmers (1.82), high incidence of pests and disease (1.49), non-access to credit (1.39), difficulty in obtaining labor (1.23), drought (1.15), and marketing problems (1.09) are constraints negatively affecting okra production. Although the positive and statistically significant effect of pesticides, farm size, and labor indicate these inputs can effectively improve okra production, small-scale okra production is inefficient because farmers use too many pesticides and farmland and less labor than is needed. The marginal product of inputs is not enough to offset the corresponding marginal cost. Therefore, small-scale farmers should operate on smaller farms than they currently do, apply pesticides at recommended rates, and spend more on labor. So, training should be organized through extension workers and agricultural research stations to improve scientific knowledge of farmers for efficient use of productive resources.
{"title":"ASSESSING RESOURCE USE EFFICIENCY AND INVESTMENT IN SMALL-SCALE OKRA PRODUCTION IN OSUN STATE, NIGERIA","authors":"A. Kehinde, A. Kehinde","doi":"10.17306/j.jard.2022.01553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17306/j.jard.2022.01553","url":null,"abstract":"Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) yield is characterized by low productivity but may be increased through the adoption of new technology or the efficient allocation of existing resources. In addition, improving the level of resource allocation is important for improving productivity. This study investigated resource use efficiency in small-scale okra production. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select 100 respondents. The primary data generated through the survey of 100 okra farmers were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the ordinary least squares regression model, and marginal value analysis. The average age of the respondents was 45 years, with 7 members in the household, and 2.8ha being farmed. The ordinary least squares regression estimate indicated age, labor, farm size, and herbicide and insecticide use that influenced okra production. Returns to scale was 2.09; resource use efficiency indicated the following values: farm size 0.343, herbicide application 0.857, insecticide application 0.75, and labor 4.80. The high cost of inputs (1.93), low numbers of extension contact with farmers (1.82), high incidence of pests and disease (1.49), non-access to credit (1.39), difficulty in obtaining labor (1.23), drought (1.15), and marketing problems (1.09) are constraints negatively affecting okra production. Although the positive and statistically significant effect of pesticides, farm size, and labor indicate these inputs can effectively improve okra production, small-scale okra production is inefficient because farmers use too many pesticides and farmland and less labor than is needed. The marginal product of inputs is not enough to offset the corresponding marginal cost. Therefore, small-scale farmers should operate on smaller farms than they currently do, apply pesticides at recommended rates, and spend more on labor. So, training should be organized through extension workers and agricultural research stations to improve scientific knowledge of farmers for efficient use of productive resources.","PeriodicalId":30385,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42705288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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