In humans and animals there is a popular belief that spontaneous parturition, and therefore pregnancy length, could be influenced by the lunar cycle, but results from humans are often impaired by multiple variables of the studied population. In domestic animals those problems can be limited by studying restricted population, such as a single breed, reared under uniform conditions. The present study aimed to assess the possible influence of the lunar cycle on pregnancy length in Martina Franca jennies belonging to a single breeding farm. The retrospective study was performed on data collected from 96 Martina Franca healthy jennies with a normal singleton pregnancy course. The present study showed that, whit lunar cycle divided in 4 lunar phases, neither lunar phase at ovulation, nor lunar phase at foaling significantly influenced pregnancy length (371.8±6.45 days). Pregnancy length was not significantly influenced also by the month of the year in which ovulation and spontaneous foaling occurred, as well as by jennies’ age and foal’s sex. In conclusion, pregnancy length in Martina Franca jennies is very variable (335-395 days) but does not seem to be influenced by lunar phases at ovulation or at foaling, month of ovulation and foaling, and by jennies’ age and foal’s sex. Further studies are needed to clarify the reasons for this pregnancy length variability in Martina Franca donkey breed.
在人类和动物中，有一种普遍的观点认为，自然分娩，从而怀孕的长度，可能受到月球周期的影响，但人类的结果往往受到研究人群的多种变量的影响。对家畜来说，这些问题可以通过研究有限的种群来解决，比如在统一条件下饲养的单一品种。本研究旨在评估月亮周期对单一养殖场Martina Franca jenies妊娠期长度的可能影响。回顾性研究收集了96例正常单胎妊娠的Martina Franca健康孕妇的资料。本研究显示，白月周期分为4个月相，排卵期和产仔期对妊娠期长短(371.8±6.45天)均无显著影响。排卵和自发产驹发生的年份，以及珍妮的年龄和马驹的性别对妊娠长度也没有显著影响。总之，Martina Franca珍妮的妊娠期长短变化很大(335-395天)，但似乎不受排卵或产驹的月相、排卵和产驹的月份、珍妮的年龄和马驹的性别的影响。需要进一步的研究来阐明玛蒂娜·弗兰卡驴品种妊娠期长短差异的原因。
{"title":"Is Pregnancy Length in Martina Franca Jennies Influenced by Lunar Cycle?","authors":"A. Carluccio, M. Veronesi, G. Ippedico, A. Contri","doi":"10.26502/AVSM.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/AVSM.023","url":null,"abstract":"In humans and animals there is a popular belief that spontaneous parturition, and therefore pregnancy length, could be influenced by the lunar cycle, but results from humans are often impaired by multiple variables of the studied population. In domestic animals those problems can be limited by studying restricted population, such as a single breed, reared under uniform conditions. The present study aimed to assess the possible influence of the lunar cycle on pregnancy length in Martina Franca jennies belonging to a single breeding farm. The retrospective study was performed on data collected from 96 Martina Franca healthy jennies with a normal singleton pregnancy course. The present study showed that, whit lunar cycle divided in 4 lunar phases, neither lunar phase at ovulation, nor lunar phase at foaling significantly influenced pregnancy length (371.8±6.45 days). Pregnancy length was not significantly influenced also by the month of the year in which ovulation and spontaneous foaling occurred, as well as by jennies’ age and foal’s sex. In conclusion, pregnancy length in Martina Franca jennies is very variable (335-395 days) but does not seem to be influenced by lunar phases at ovulation or at foaling, month of ovulation and foaling, and by jennies’ age and foal’s sex. Further studies are needed to clarify the reasons for this pregnancy length variability in Martina Franca donkey breed.","PeriodicalId":305084,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Veterinary Science and Medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126990815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Repeat breeders are the animals with more than 3 to 4 inseminations after calving having regular cyclicity yet failed to conceive. Therefore, it is considered as one of the most emerging and frustrated reproductive disorders among dairy herds in Nepal that hinders favorable productivity and causes heavy economic losses to the livelihood of the farmers. We performed a systemic review to be acquainted with hormonal therapy as a treatment of repeat breeding. The aim of the present review is to summarize the current information about the ongoing methods in the treatment of repeat breeders. Based on the review of articles, it was found that gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) administration improved the conception rate in repeat breeder buffaloes and cows bearing dominant follicle in the ovary. In repeat breeder buffaloes and heifers with predominant corpus luteum and adequate body condition score (BCS), administration of PGF2α increased the pregnancy rates. Conception rate with Ovsynch protocol (GnRH-PGF2α -GnRH-TAI) usually was improved when initiation of program done during mid-diestrus i.e. days 5-12 of estrus cycle. Exogenous progesterone administration resulted in increased serum progesterone level during PGF2α injection that usually improves fertility of lactating dairy cows. In conclusion, hormonal treatment is considered to be most effective treatment to mitigate the problems of repeat breeding syndrome in Nepal. However, the first step of treatment involves good care, nutrition, better oestrus detection, timely insemination, periodic deworming to control parasite load and management of mating with bulls.
{"title":"Treatment Approach of Different Hormonal Therapy for Repeat Breeding Dairy Animals in Nepal","authors":"Ishwar Tiwari, R. Shah, K. Kaphle, M. Gautam","doi":"10.26502/avsm.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/avsm.007","url":null,"abstract":"Repeat breeders are the animals with more than 3 to 4 inseminations after calving having regular cyclicity yet failed to conceive. Therefore, it is considered as one of the most emerging and frustrated reproductive disorders among dairy herds in Nepal that hinders favorable productivity and causes heavy economic losses to the livelihood of the farmers. We performed a systemic review to be acquainted with hormonal therapy as a treatment of repeat breeding. The aim of the present review is to summarize the current information about the ongoing methods in the treatment of repeat breeders. Based on the review of articles, it was found that gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) administration improved the conception rate in repeat breeder buffaloes and cows bearing dominant follicle in the ovary. In repeat breeder buffaloes and heifers with predominant corpus luteum and adequate body condition score (BCS), administration of PGF2α increased the pregnancy rates. Conception rate with Ovsynch protocol (GnRH-PGF2α -GnRH-TAI) usually was improved when initiation of program done during mid-diestrus i.e. days 5-12 of estrus cycle. Exogenous progesterone administration resulted in increased serum progesterone level during PGF2α injection that usually improves fertility of lactating dairy cows. In conclusion, hormonal treatment is considered to be most effective treatment to mitigate the problems of repeat breeding syndrome in Nepal. However, the first step of treatment involves good care, nutrition, better oestrus detection, timely insemination, periodic deworming to control parasite load and management of mating with bulls.","PeriodicalId":305084,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Veterinary Science and Medicine","volume":"225 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122671516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ung Eng Huan, Patricia Silva, Aline Petrolini Floriano
Treatment options for Feline leukimia are presently very limited due to lack of efficacy and drug toxicity. A recombinant chimeric protein RetroMAD1 is described for the first time in the treatment of FeLV. The chimera has an A-B-C configuration comprising of multiple documented antiviral domains that can potentially overcome single point mutation driven resistance by multidomain action. Oral administration of RetroMAD1 was given daily at 0.4mg/kg/day divided equally into two feeds roughly 12 hours apart for one month to highly symptomatic FeLV cats in Brazil. RetroMAD1 treated cats were monitored for survival until day 433 and untreated cats were monitored until day 173. A significant different in survival rate of 73% (treated N=55) versus 33% (untreated N=21) existed. Gingivitis, F.U.R.D. and anaemia were shown to improve significantly as signs indicating improvement in quality of life. Some of the RetroMAD1 treated cats were given interferon treatment by their respective vets as supportive treatment (N=14) that gave a slightly improved survival outcome compared to those given only RetroMAD1 and other supportive medication. Being orally administered, this protein may be easily administered by cat owners. In addition, biochemistry and CBC data also indicated that RetroMAD1 is safe and well tolerated. A safe, efficacious oral delivery antiviral chimera will be very useful for veterinary treatment especially if it is also broad-spectrum in nature.
{"title":"Case studies on RetroMAD1™, an orally administered recombinant chimeric protein to treat naturally infected Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) cats","authors":"Ung Eng Huan, Patricia Silva, Aline Petrolini Floriano","doi":"10.26502/avsm.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/avsm.008","url":null,"abstract":"Treatment options for Feline leukimia are presently very limited due to lack of efficacy and drug toxicity. A recombinant chimeric protein RetroMAD1 is described for the first time in the treatment of FeLV. The chimera has an A-B-C configuration comprising of multiple documented antiviral domains that can potentially overcome single point mutation driven resistance by multidomain action. Oral administration of RetroMAD1 was given daily at 0.4mg/kg/day divided equally into two feeds roughly 12 hours apart for one month to highly symptomatic FeLV cats in Brazil. RetroMAD1 treated cats were monitored for survival until day 433 and untreated cats were monitored until day 173. A significant different in survival rate of 73% (treated N=55) versus 33% (untreated N=21) existed. Gingivitis, F.U.R.D. and anaemia were shown to improve significantly as signs indicating improvement in quality of life. Some of the RetroMAD1 treated cats were given interferon treatment by their respective vets as supportive treatment (N=14) that gave a slightly improved survival outcome compared to those given only RetroMAD1 and other supportive medication. Being orally administered, this protein may be easily administered by cat owners. In addition, biochemistry and CBC data also indicated that RetroMAD1 is safe and well tolerated. A safe, efficacious oral delivery antiviral chimera will be very useful for veterinary treatment especially if it is also broad-spectrum in nature.","PeriodicalId":305084,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Veterinary Science and Medicine","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134064821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marwa H Abdelhamed, Abeed A Saleh, El-Naffar Mk, Mona M. Sobhy
A total of 200 chicken samples (breast and thigh muscles) obtained from retail broilers at different localities in Egypt. All samples were transported as soon as possible to the lab in Animal Reproduction Research Institute and subjected to bacteriological examination for C. jejuni. All samples examined by conventional methods for isolation and identification of Campylobacter. Samples subjected to standard phenotypic identification of C. jejuni by PCR using specific primers of hippuricase gene. The high incidence of C. jejune breast meat samples was (20%) then thigh samples (14%). The high incidence of C. jejune in breast samples in Giza (22 %) followed by Cairo (18%). The high incidence of C. jejune was in Giza (16 %), and Cairo (12%). All 68 C. jejuni isolates yielded the genus specific (16S rRNA) 63 isolates C. jejuni specific 323 bp. Amplicons 555 bp and 495 bp were confirmed to belong to C. jejuni cytolethal distending toxins showed at 555 bp for CdtC and at 495 bp for CdtB. The virulence genes of C. jejuni (FlaA, virB11) detected at 855 bp and 494 bp respectively. PCR analysis of Campylobacter virulence markers can be utilized as a simple and rapid tool especially when used as profile analysis for a control strategy. The effect of the citric acid was Arch Vet Sci Med 2021; 4 (3):55-66 DOI: 10.26502/avsm.025 Archives of Veterinary Science and Medicine 56 correlated with the level of pH, in chicken muscles in BHI broth at 4oC after 4 hours of experiment. C. jejune (55.9%) strains was reduction after 30 min of experiment, (76.5%) after one hour, (89.7%) after 2 hours , (97%) after 3 hours and 100% completely reduction after 4 hours at pH changed from 2.5 to 3.5. at the end of experiment. The experiment of inhibitory effect of citric acid in chicken muscles in brain heart infusion (BHI) broth was done on positive muscle samples and pH measurements. Finally, citric acid and their active may be used as an alternative to use of antibiotic performance. Further research is needed regarding understanding mechanism of action, identifying means to standardize the effects of other plant extract.
从埃及不同地区的零售肉鸡处获得的总共200个鸡样本(胸部和大腿肌肉)。所有样本均尽快运至动物繁殖研究所实验室，并进行空肠梭菌细菌学检查。所有样品均采用常规方法分离和鉴定弯曲杆菌。利用hipuricase基因特异性引物对空肠假梭菌进行标准表型鉴定。空肠梭菌在胸肉样本中发病率最高(20%)，其次是大腿样本(14%)。在吉萨的乳房样本中空肠梭菌的发病率最高(22%)，其次是开罗(18%)。吉萨(16%)和开罗(12%)为空肠梭菌高发地区。68株空肠梭菌均获得属特异性(16S rRNA)， 63株空肠梭菌特异性为323 bp。扩增子555 bp和495 bp被证实属于空肠C.细胞致死扩张毒素，CdtC扩增子555 bp, CdtB扩增子495 bp。空肠梭菌的毒力基因FlaA和virB11分别位于855 bp和494 bp。弯曲杆菌毒力标记物的PCR分析是一种简单、快速的方法，尤其适用于控制策略的分析。柠檬酸的效果为Arch Vet Sci Med 2021;4 (3):55-66 DOI: 10.26502/avsm.025实验4小时后，在4℃的BHI肉汤中，鸡肌肉的pH值与pH值相关。在pH由2.5变至3.5的条件下，空肠C. 30min(55.9%)、1h(76.5%)、2h(89.7%)、3h(97%)、4h(100%)均被完全还原。实验结束时。对阳性肌肉样品和pH值进行了脑心灌注肉汤中柠檬酸对鸡肌肉的抑制作用实验。最后，柠檬酸及其活性物可作为抗生素的替代使用性能。对其作用机制的认识、对其他植物提取物作用的标准化方法有待进一步研究。
{"title":"Study on Antimicrobial Action of Citric Acid on Campylobacter Jejuni in Reared Chicken Carcass","authors":"Marwa H Abdelhamed, Abeed A Saleh, El-Naffar Mk, Mona M. Sobhy","doi":"10.26502/avsm.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/avsm.025","url":null,"abstract":"A total of 200 chicken samples (breast and thigh muscles) obtained from retail broilers at different localities in Egypt. All samples were transported as soon as possible to the lab in Animal Reproduction Research Institute and subjected to bacteriological examination for C. jejuni. All samples examined by conventional methods for isolation and identification of Campylobacter. Samples subjected to standard phenotypic identification of C. jejuni by PCR using specific primers of hippuricase gene. The high incidence of C. jejune breast meat samples was (20%) then thigh samples (14%). The high incidence of C. jejune in breast samples in Giza (22 %) followed by Cairo (18%). The high incidence of C. jejune was in Giza (16 %), and Cairo (12%). All 68 C. jejuni isolates yielded the genus specific (16S rRNA) 63 isolates C. jejuni specific 323 bp. Amplicons 555 bp and 495 bp were confirmed to belong to C. jejuni cytolethal distending toxins showed at 555 bp for CdtC and at 495 bp for CdtB. The virulence genes of C. jejuni (FlaA, virB11) detected at 855 bp and 494 bp respectively. PCR analysis of Campylobacter virulence markers can be utilized as a simple and rapid tool especially when used as profile analysis for a control strategy. The effect of the citric acid was Arch Vet Sci Med 2021; 4 (3):55-66 DOI: 10.26502/avsm.025 Archives of Veterinary Science and Medicine 56 correlated with the level of pH, in chicken muscles in BHI broth at 4oC after 4 hours of experiment. C. jejune (55.9%) strains was reduction after 30 min of experiment, (76.5%) after one hour, (89.7%) after 2 hours , (97%) after 3 hours and 100% completely reduction after 4 hours at pH changed from 2.5 to 3.5. at the end of experiment. The experiment of inhibitory effect of citric acid in chicken muscles in brain heart infusion (BHI) broth was done on positive muscle samples and pH measurements. Finally, citric acid and their active may be used as an alternative to use of antibiotic performance. Further research is needed regarding understanding mechanism of action, identifying means to standardize the effects of other plant extract.","PeriodicalId":305084,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Veterinary Science and Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127235612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Besoluk, M. O. Dayan, E. Eken, Nimet Turgut, Sedat Aydoğdu
Ostrich (Struthio camelus) is a species belonging to the Struthionidae family of Struthioniformes order that does not have the flying ability among birds. The aim of this study was to make a subgross investigation on anatomical structures of middle ear in ostrich and to determine the morphometry of the columella. In the present study, 4 adult ostrich heads were used in the study. Tympanic cavity and the formations inside are removed from the skull by protecting the cranial roof. Subgross examinations of tympanic cavity, columella and other anatomic structures were then performed, and morphometric measurements of columella and some anatomical structures were performed using a digital calliper.It was determined that tympanic cavity, surrounded by ear capsule (os oticum), had a conical shape and was covered with mucosa that was tightly adjacent to the periosteum. Tympanic membrane, columella and osteochondral structures, ligaments, a branch of external ophthalmic artery and the presence of chorda tympani were detected in tympanic cavity. It was observed that columella was placed diagonally in tympanic cavity. The vestibular (proximal) end having a circular shape was found to have a large basis and annular ligament which ended up with thickened, small columns. Finally, we demonstrated anatomy and morphometric values of middle ear in ostrich. The anatomy and formations of the middle ear are clearly shown. It can be asserted that anatomical formations in the middle ear of an ostrich are similar to other birds.
{"title":"Macroanatomic structure and morphometric analysis of middle ear in ostrich (Struthio camelus)","authors":"K. Besoluk, M. O. Dayan, E. Eken, Nimet Turgut, Sedat Aydoğdu","doi":"10.26502/avsm.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/avsm.005","url":null,"abstract":"Ostrich (Struthio camelus) is a species belonging to the Struthionidae family of Struthioniformes order that does not have the flying ability among birds. The aim of this study was to make a subgross investigation on anatomical structures of middle ear in ostrich and to determine the morphometry of the columella. In the present study, 4 adult ostrich heads were used in the study. Tympanic cavity and the formations inside are removed from the skull by protecting the cranial roof. Subgross examinations of tympanic cavity, columella and other anatomic structures were then performed, and morphometric measurements of columella and some anatomical structures were performed using a digital calliper.It was determined that tympanic cavity, surrounded by ear capsule (os oticum), had a conical shape and was covered with mucosa that was tightly adjacent to the periosteum. Tympanic membrane, columella and osteochondral structures, ligaments, a branch of external ophthalmic artery and the presence of chorda tympani were detected in tympanic cavity. It was observed that columella was placed diagonally in tympanic cavity. The vestibular (proximal) end having a circular shape was found to have a large basis and annular ligament which ended up with thickened, small columns. \u0000Finally, we demonstrated anatomy and morphometric values of middle ear in ostrich. The anatomy and formations of the middle ear are clearly shown. It can be asserted that anatomical formations in the middle ear of an ostrich are similar to other birds.","PeriodicalId":305084,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Veterinary Science and Medicine","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131766211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Caudal epidural xylazine 2% (0.15 mg/kg) or xylazine (0.10 mg/kg) /lidocaine 2% (0.22 mg/kg) combination anesthesia through the first intercoccygeal space was evaluated in 8 camels (16 trials). The total volume administered was fixed at 5.0 ml by adding 0.9% NaCl. The onset of epidural anesthesia was significantly faster (P<0.05) with xylazine/lidocaine (3.5 ± 0.4 minutes) than with xylazine (8.4 ± 0.4 minutes) while the duration was significantly longer ( P>0.05) with xylazine/lidocaine (98.3 ± 1.0 minutes) than with xylazine (71.6 ± 1.8 minutes). The reversal of epidural xylazine or xylazine/lidocaine inducedanalgesia with IV atipamezole at (5.0 μg/kg, 10.0 μg/kg or 15.0μg/kg) was evaluated in 8 camels (13 trials). The total volume administered was fixed at 5.0 ml by adding 0.9% NaCl. Atipamezole at 15.0 μg/kg was the optimum dose rate for reversing the analgesic effect and provoked marked signs of arousal within few seconds without any side effects. We can concluded that caudal epidural anesthesia was easily performed in camels in standing position with xylazine or its combination with lidocaine. IV atipamezole at 15.0μg/kg for effectively reversing the induced caudal epidural anesthesia. Arch Vet Sci Med 2021; 4 (4):103-110 DOI: 10.26502/avsm.029 Archives of Veterinary Science and Medicine 104
{"title":"Caudal Epidural Xylazineor Xylazine/Lidocainecombination in Camels (Camelus Dromedarius) and its Reversal by Atipamezole","authors":"M. Shokry, A. Elkasapy","doi":"10.26502/avsm.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/avsm.029","url":null,"abstract":"Caudal epidural xylazine 2% (0.15 mg/kg) or xylazine (0.10 mg/kg) /lidocaine 2% (0.22 mg/kg) combination anesthesia through the first intercoccygeal space was evaluated in 8 camels (16 trials). The total volume administered was fixed at 5.0 ml by adding 0.9% NaCl. The onset of epidural anesthesia was significantly faster (P<0.05) with xylazine/lidocaine (3.5 ± 0.4 minutes) than with xylazine (8.4 ± 0.4 minutes) while the duration was significantly longer ( P>0.05) with xylazine/lidocaine (98.3 ± 1.0 minutes) than with xylazine (71.6 ± 1.8 minutes). The reversal of epidural xylazine or xylazine/lidocaine inducedanalgesia with IV atipamezole at (5.0 μg/kg, 10.0 μg/kg or 15.0μg/kg) was evaluated in 8 camels (13 trials). The total volume administered was fixed at 5.0 ml by adding 0.9% NaCl. Atipamezole at 15.0 μg/kg was the optimum dose rate for reversing the analgesic effect and provoked marked signs of arousal within few seconds without any side effects. We can concluded that caudal epidural anesthesia was easily performed in camels in standing position with xylazine or its combination with lidocaine. IV atipamezole at 15.0μg/kg for effectively reversing the induced caudal epidural anesthesia. Arch Vet Sci Med 2021; 4 (4):103-110 DOI: 10.26502/avsm.029 Archives of Veterinary Science and Medicine 104","PeriodicalId":305084,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Veterinary Science and Medicine","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128018545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Akter, Kazi Afsana Homayra Orchy, Md. Moshiur Rahman Khan, Mahdi Hasan, Moinul Hasan, M. Alam
The study has been carried out to evaluate the clinical efficacy of ketamine with or without diazepam in sheep. Six healthy sheep were used in this study and randomly divided into two groups; Group A (atropine-diazepam-ketamine) and Group B (atropineketamine). Anaesthesia was induced with administration of diazepam (0.4 mg/kg b.wt) and ketamine (15 mg/kg b.wt) intramuscularly (IM) after five minutes of IM administration of atropine sulphate (0.05 mg/kg b.wt) in group A and ketamine (22 mg/kg b.wt) IM after five minutes of IM injection of atropine sulphate (0.05 mg/kg b.wt) in group B. Clinical parameters were recorded before and after (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 mins, 1h and 24h postrecovery) administration of peripheral blood was collected at the same interval for haemato-biochemical observations. The clinical, hematological and serum biochemical profile differed from the values obtained at preexperimental control level in both groups A and B. Arch Vet Sci Med 2020; 3 (3):63-75 DOI: 10.26502/avsm.016 Archives of Veterinary Science and Medicine 66 However, in group A, the changes were smooth and steady whereas these were irregular, fluctuated and inconsistent in certain clinical and biochemical parameters in sheep of group B. The present study indicates that the use of atropine-diazepam-ketamine anaesthesia is safe and useful in sheep than atropineketamine anaesthesia for major invasive procedures.
{"title":"Clinical Evaluation of General Anaesthesia using Ketamine Hydrochloride with and without Diazepam in Sheep","authors":"M. Akter, Kazi Afsana Homayra Orchy, Md. Moshiur Rahman Khan, Mahdi Hasan, Moinul Hasan, M. Alam","doi":"10.26502/avsm.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/avsm.016","url":null,"abstract":"The study has been carried out to evaluate the clinical efficacy of ketamine with or without diazepam in sheep. Six healthy sheep were used in this study and randomly divided into two groups; Group A (atropine-diazepam-ketamine) and Group B (atropineketamine). Anaesthesia was induced with administration of diazepam (0.4 mg/kg b.wt) and ketamine (15 mg/kg b.wt) intramuscularly (IM) after five minutes of IM administration of atropine sulphate (0.05 mg/kg b.wt) in group A and ketamine (22 mg/kg b.wt) IM after five minutes of IM injection of atropine sulphate (0.05 mg/kg b.wt) in group B. Clinical parameters were recorded before and after (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 mins, 1h and 24h postrecovery) administration of peripheral blood was collected at the same interval for haemato-biochemical observations. The clinical, hematological and serum biochemical profile differed from the values obtained at preexperimental control level in both groups A and B. Arch Vet Sci Med 2020; 3 (3):63-75 DOI: 10.26502/avsm.016 Archives of Veterinary Science and Medicine 66 However, in group A, the changes were smooth and steady whereas these were irregular, fluctuated and inconsistent in certain clinical and biochemical parameters in sheep of group B. The present study indicates that the use of atropine-diazepam-ketamine anaesthesia is safe and useful in sheep than atropineketamine anaesthesia for major invasive procedures.","PeriodicalId":305084,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Veterinary Science and Medicine","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134025253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dr. Marc Kouam, N. Diakakis, Julio César Morales-Medina, Maria Cristina Veronesi, Billi Theodora
Rigorous peer-review is the main part in building the cornerstone of high-quality academic publishing. The editorial team greatly appreciates the authors, reviewers who contributed their knowledge and expertise to the journal’s editorial process over the past 24 months. In 2021, a total of 11 articles was published in the journal with a median time to first decision of 10 days and a median time to publication of 15 days. The editorial office would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following authors, reviewers and editors for their cooperation and dedication in 2021.
{"title":"Acknowledgement to Authors, Reviewers and Editors of Fortune Journal of Archives of Veterinary Science and Medicine in 2021.","authors":"Dr. Marc Kouam, N. Diakakis, Julio César Morales-Medina, Maria Cristina Veronesi, Billi Theodora","doi":"10.26502/avsm.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/avsm.031","url":null,"abstract":"Rigorous peer-review is the main part in building the cornerstone of high-quality academic publishing. The editorial team greatly appreciates the authors, reviewers who contributed their knowledge and expertise to the journal’s editorial process over the past 24 months. In 2021, a total of 11 articles was published in the journal with a median time to first decision of 10 days and a median time to publication of 15 days. The editorial office would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following authors, reviewers and editors for their cooperation and dedication in 2021.","PeriodicalId":305084,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Veterinary Science and Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126906227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The involvement of Leptospira spp. in thirty-five (35) out of fifty (50) cases of swine abortion was investigated which further required evaluation of pathogen susceptibility to a panel of antibiotics. Samples of urine from aborting sows were collected to recover the pathogen, amplify its 16S rRNA gene to confirm its identity and monitor cell density in McFarland Units (MFU) as a measure of susceptibility to antibiotics. The study permitted the isolation and evaluation of Leptospira spp. morphology, demonstration of 3 amplicon products of the 16S rRNA genes with molecular sizes of 1050 to 1080 bp and identification of 2 Leptospira spp. and L. hyos after gene sequencing. The susceptibility of the identified L. hyos to Cephalexin, Neomycin, Clindamycin, Ciprofloxacin and Sulfamethoxazole prepared at different concentrations (25 μg, 35 μg and 50 μg) and evaluated after 6 and 12 hour-exposure time was marked by lower cell densities of recovered L. hyos relative to the application of higher (35 μg and 50 μg) antibiotic concentrations. Significant reduction in cell densities at 12-hr compared to data obtained on the 6-hour were demonstrated and underscored the susceptibility of L. hyos as effects of antibiotic concentration and duration of exposure time. The bactericidal action of 25 μg Ciprofloxacin; and 25 and 35 μg Sulfamethoxazole against L. hyos were established at 6-hour exposure time and that this bactericidal action was maintained until the 12-hr with the application of Neomycin and Ciprofloxacin at 35 and 50 μg and Sulfamethoxazole at 50 μg. Arch Vet Sci Med 2021; 4 (3):71-84 DOI: 10.26502/avsm.027 Archives of Veterinary Science and Medicine 72 These data highlight usefulness of the antibiotics in the treatment of abortion-associated Leptospira infections when administered at the concentrations described.
{"title":"The Involvement of Leptospira Spp. in Swine Abortion and Susceptibility of the Pathogen to Antibiotics","authors":"Gemerlyn G Garcia, Marylaine Ivy M Dioses","doi":"10.26502/avsm.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/avsm.027","url":null,"abstract":"The involvement of Leptospira spp. in thirty-five (35) out of fifty (50) cases of swine abortion was investigated which further required evaluation of pathogen susceptibility to a panel of antibiotics. Samples of urine from aborting sows were collected to recover the pathogen, amplify its 16S rRNA gene to confirm its identity and monitor cell density in McFarland Units (MFU) as a measure of susceptibility to antibiotics. The study permitted the isolation and evaluation of Leptospira spp. morphology, demonstration of 3 amplicon products of the 16S rRNA genes with molecular sizes of 1050 to 1080 bp and identification of 2 Leptospira spp. and L. hyos after gene sequencing. The susceptibility of the identified L. hyos to Cephalexin, Neomycin, Clindamycin, Ciprofloxacin and Sulfamethoxazole prepared at different concentrations (25 μg, 35 μg and 50 μg) and evaluated after 6 and 12 hour-exposure time was marked by lower cell densities of recovered L. hyos relative to the application of higher (35 μg and 50 μg) antibiotic concentrations. Significant reduction in cell densities at 12-hr compared to data obtained on the 6-hour were demonstrated and underscored the susceptibility of L. hyos as effects of antibiotic concentration and duration of exposure time. The bactericidal action of 25 μg Ciprofloxacin; and 25 and 35 μg Sulfamethoxazole against L. hyos were established at 6-hour exposure time and that this bactericidal action was maintained until the 12-hr with the application of Neomycin and Ciprofloxacin at 35 and 50 μg and Sulfamethoxazole at 50 μg. Arch Vet Sci Med 2021; 4 (3):71-84 DOI: 10.26502/avsm.027 Archives of Veterinary Science and Medicine 72 These data highlight usefulness of the antibiotics in the treatment of abortion-associated Leptospira infections when administered at the concentrations described.","PeriodicalId":305084,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Veterinary Science and Medicine","volume":"145 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132961759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Detection of Bornavirus in Birds, Mammals and Snakes by Sandwich ELISA of Bornaviral Matrix Protein","authors":"Josephine Marie McHugh, Siwo Rel de Kloet","doi":"10.26502/avsm.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/avsm.028","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":305084,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Veterinary Science and Medicine","volume":"2006 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123801843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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