Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.21608/eos.2022.175753.1060
Y. Omar, E. Marzouk, Sherief H. Abdel-haffiez
{"title":"Evaluation Of Diode Laseer-Aided Debonding Of Two Different Types Of Ceramic Brakets (An In Vitro Study)","authors":"Y. Omar, E. Marzouk, Sherief H. Abdel-haffiez","doi":"10.21608/eos.2022.175753.1060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/eos.2022.175753.1060","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":305086,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Orthodontic Journal","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129925570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-02DOI: 10.21608/eos.2023.187196.1064
Rokaya Mady, Youssef Sedky, R. Franzen
{"title":"Evaluating the efficiency of Er,Cr:YSGG laser in removing adhesive remnants from tooth structure after orthodontic brackets debonding","authors":"Rokaya Mady, Youssef Sedky, R. Franzen","doi":"10.21608/eos.2023.187196.1064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/eos.2023.187196.1064","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":305086,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Orthodontic Journal","volume":"258 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122142964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.21608/eos.2022.144792.1049
Mohamed Abd elaziz, W. Refai, Kareem M. Mohamed
The discision technique was developed as a minimally invasive alternative method to piezocision technique, and the authors suggest that this new method yields good outcomes in achieving rapid tooth movement. The efficacy of this newly developed technique should be proved by performing controlled clinical trials comparing this technique with powerchain retraction method method 1 .
{"title":"Three Dimenaional Evaluation Of The Effect Of Discision On Canine Retraction","authors":"Mohamed Abd elaziz, W. Refai, Kareem M. Mohamed","doi":"10.21608/eos.2022.144792.1049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/eos.2022.144792.1049","url":null,"abstract":"The discision technique was developed as a minimally invasive alternative method to piezocision technique, and the authors suggest that this new method yields good outcomes in achieving rapid tooth movement. The efficacy of this newly developed technique should be proved by performing controlled clinical trials comparing this technique with powerchain retraction method method 1 .","PeriodicalId":305086,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Orthodontic Journal","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129392085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.21608/eos.2022.122079.1044
I. Akpasa, T. Yemitan, B. Ogunbanjo, A. Oyapero
Objective: This study explored the variables that determine self-perception of smile attractiveness in an adolescent sample population. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study conducted among 398 adolescents (184 males and 214 females) patients at a dental outpatient clinic in Lagos State, Nigeria between March and December 2019. The subjects were clinically assessed using the Dental Aesthetic Index. Photographs of their frontal posed smiles and intraoral frontal view with teeth in centric occlusion were taken for rating on a visual analog scale (VAS) for self-perception of smile attractiveness and dental aesthetics attractiveness, and objective smile analysis. Data were analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc tests to compare variables among groups based on their self-perceived smile attractiveness. Regression analysis was done with smile attractiveness as a dependent variable to determine predictors of smile attractiveness. Results: Participants’ mean age was 14.17 years (SD + 2.74). Respondents who perceived their smile as unattractive significantly had more severe malocclusion (p = 0.034) and significantly perceived their dental aesthetics as unattractive (p < 0.01) compared to those who perceived their smile to be very attractive. Regression model showed a significant effect of self-perceived dental aesthetics attractiveness and buccal corridor ratio (p < 0.05) on smile attractiveness. The strongest predictor of self-perceived smile attractiveness was self-perceived dental aesthetics attractiveness. Conclusion: Self-perception of dental aesthetics attractiveness is a strong predictor of smile attractiveness and should therefore be assessed during orthodontic pre-treatment assessment since this can influence patients’ satisfaction with treatment results.
{"title":"Factors That Influence Self-perception Of Smile Attractiveness Among Adolescents","authors":"I. Akpasa, T. Yemitan, B. Ogunbanjo, A. Oyapero","doi":"10.21608/eos.2022.122079.1044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/eos.2022.122079.1044","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study explored the variables that determine self-perception of smile attractiveness in an adolescent sample population. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study conducted among 398 adolescents (184 males and 214 females) patients at a dental outpatient clinic in Lagos State, Nigeria between March and December 2019. The subjects were clinically assessed using the Dental Aesthetic Index. Photographs of their frontal posed smiles and intraoral frontal view with teeth in centric occlusion were taken for rating on a visual analog scale (VAS) for self-perception of smile attractiveness and dental aesthetics attractiveness, and objective smile analysis. Data were analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc tests to compare variables among groups based on their self-perceived smile attractiveness. Regression analysis was done with smile attractiveness as a dependent variable to determine predictors of smile attractiveness. Results: Participants’ mean age was 14.17 years (SD + 2.74). Respondents who perceived their smile as unattractive significantly had more severe malocclusion (p = 0.034) and significantly perceived their dental aesthetics as unattractive (p < 0.01) compared to those who perceived their smile to be very attractive. Regression model showed a significant effect of self-perceived dental aesthetics attractiveness and buccal corridor ratio (p < 0.05) on smile attractiveness. The strongest predictor of self-perceived smile attractiveness was self-perceived dental aesthetics attractiveness. Conclusion: Self-perception of dental aesthetics attractiveness is a strong predictor of smile attractiveness and should therefore be assessed during orthodontic pre-treatment assessment since this can influence patients’ satisfaction with treatment results.","PeriodicalId":305086,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Orthodontic Journal","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128599187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.21608/eos.2022.119537.1043
Osama Ezz El Regal, Abbadi El-Kady, W. Refaat
Introduction: The mandibular buccal shelf has been presented lately, as an available extra-alveolar mini-screw insertion site, which is located bilaterally in the posterior part of the mandibular body, buccal to the roots of the first and second molars and anterior to the oblique line of the mandibular ramus specially at the buccal bone lateral to the distal root of the second molar, with screw insertion located 4 mm buccal to the CEJ. The objective: was to evaluate the bone thickness of the mandibular buccal shelf in different age groups for mini- screw insertion by using CBCT digital radiographs. Methods: 90 CBCT digital records were selected randomly and were grouped according to age. Each group contains 30 CBCT digital records as follows: Group A: with age from 14 to 18 years old. Group B: with age from 19 to 23 years old. Group C: with age from 24 to 28 years old. then quantitative bone characteristics of the mandibular buccal shelf of bone were evaluated. Results: showed that no statistically significant differences between all age groups at all the sites. Conclusion: Mandibular buccal shelf offers optimal sites for the insertion of mini-screw.
{"title":"Evaluation Of Bone Thickness Of The Mandibular Buccal Shelf In Different Age Groups For Mini-screw Insertion","authors":"Osama Ezz El Regal, Abbadi El-Kady, W. Refaat","doi":"10.21608/eos.2022.119537.1043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/eos.2022.119537.1043","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The mandibular buccal shelf has been presented lately, as an available extra-alveolar mini-screw insertion site, which is located bilaterally in the posterior part of the mandibular body, buccal to the roots of the first and second molars and anterior to the oblique line of the mandibular ramus specially at the buccal bone lateral to the distal root of the second molar, with screw insertion located 4 mm buccal to the CEJ. The objective: was to evaluate the bone thickness of the mandibular buccal shelf in different age groups for mini- screw insertion by using CBCT digital radiographs. Methods: 90 CBCT digital records were selected randomly and were grouped according to age. Each group contains 30 CBCT digital records as follows: Group A: with age from 14 to 18 years old. Group B: with age from 19 to 23 years old. Group C: with age from 24 to 28 years old. then quantitative bone characteristics of the mandibular buccal shelf of bone were evaluated. Results: showed that no statistically significant differences between all age groups at all the sites. Conclusion: Mandibular buccal shelf offers optimal sites for the insertion of mini-screw.","PeriodicalId":305086,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Orthodontic Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123459827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.21608/eos.2022.145813.1050
Shereen El Mahlawy
: Objectives: The aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of lateral cephalogram and study cast measurements in assessment of anteroposterior molar movement with corticotomy assisted en masse retraction. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was done on pre and post treatment study casts and lateral cephalograms of previously treated twenty female patients, age range (18-25 years) with Class II division 1 malocclusion where orthodontic treatment entailed extraction of upper first premolars. Patients were orthodontically treated with preadjusted edgewise appliances. Anchorage was reinforced by transpalatal arch with engagement of second molar. En masse retraction of the maxillary anterior teeth using sliding mechanics. Flapless piezoelectric corticotomy was done. The anchorage loss was assessed through pterygoid vertical method on digitally traced lateral cephalograms. Maxillary casts were digitally scanned. The distance between medial end of third palatal rugae and central fossa of anchor molar was measured to evaluate the anteroposterior molar movement. Statistical Analysis was performed to compare the mean values of anchorage loss measured on lateral cephalograms and study models. Results: Anchorage loss measurements were statistically significant on both lateral cephalogram and study cast with corticotomy assisted en masse retraction. There was no significant difference between the mean horizontal movement of maxillary first molar measured on the lateral cephalogram and that was seen on the study cast. Conclusion: Study cast was as reliable as lateral cephalogram in assessment of anchorage loss. Either of the methods could be used to measure anteroposterior tooth movement.
{"title":"Reliability Of Lateral Cephalogram Versus Study Cast In Assessment Of Anchorage Loss With Corticotomy","authors":"Shereen El Mahlawy","doi":"10.21608/eos.2022.145813.1050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/eos.2022.145813.1050","url":null,"abstract":": Objectives: The aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of lateral cephalogram and study cast measurements in assessment of anteroposterior molar movement with corticotomy assisted en masse retraction. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was done on pre and post treatment study casts and lateral cephalograms of previously treated twenty female patients, age range (18-25 years) with Class II division 1 malocclusion where orthodontic treatment entailed extraction of upper first premolars. Patients were orthodontically treated with preadjusted edgewise appliances. Anchorage was reinforced by transpalatal arch with engagement of second molar. En masse retraction of the maxillary anterior teeth using sliding mechanics. Flapless piezoelectric corticotomy was done. The anchorage loss was assessed through pterygoid vertical method on digitally traced lateral cephalograms. Maxillary casts were digitally scanned. The distance between medial end of third palatal rugae and central fossa of anchor molar was measured to evaluate the anteroposterior molar movement. Statistical Analysis was performed to compare the mean values of anchorage loss measured on lateral cephalograms and study models. Results: Anchorage loss measurements were statistically significant on both lateral cephalogram and study cast with corticotomy assisted en masse retraction. There was no significant difference between the mean horizontal movement of maxillary first molar measured on the lateral cephalogram and that was seen on the study cast. Conclusion: Study cast was as reliable as lateral cephalogram in assessment of anchorage loss. Either of the methods could be used to measure anteroposterior tooth movement.","PeriodicalId":305086,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Orthodontic Journal","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121231953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.21608/eos.2022.129654.1045
Edoardo Ricci, Jose Eduardo Tapia Vidal, Cecilia Eugenia Nieto Romero
Objectives: The aim of this systematic review is to review all the evidence available about the efficacy of the Invisalign® system in upper incisors’ movements in the last decade, since 2010. Materials and Methods: A search strategy was performed in a number of databases to include as many studies as possible. MEDLINE, Scopus, Pubmed and the Cochrane Oral Health databases were searched. 10 studies were included in the systematic review. Results: Incisor rotation and extrusion seemed to be the most predictable movements (all results had a predictability score of more than 50%), whilst torque and translation seemed to be the most difficult to be performed (most results were under 50%). Intrusion movements seemed also to be overcorrected (142.4%), resulting in possible apex resorption if not calibrated correctly. Conclusions: Single isolated dental movements seem to be predictable with the Invisalign® system, but major complex movements seem to be more unpredictable. The most predictable types of movements seem to be incisor rotation and extrusion, whilst the least predictable seem to be incisor torque and translation. Further studies are needed to examine further the predictability of the Invisalign® system considering more variables influencing the results of the studies.
{"title":"Effectiveness Of Invisalign® in Upper Incisors’ Movements: A Systematic Review","authors":"Edoardo Ricci, Jose Eduardo Tapia Vidal, Cecilia Eugenia Nieto Romero","doi":"10.21608/eos.2022.129654.1045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/eos.2022.129654.1045","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The aim of this systematic review is to review all the evidence available about the efficacy of the Invisalign® system in upper incisors’ movements in the last decade, since 2010. Materials and Methods: A search strategy was performed in a number of databases to include as many studies as possible. MEDLINE, Scopus, Pubmed and the Cochrane Oral Health databases were searched. 10 studies were included in the systematic review. Results: Incisor rotation and extrusion seemed to be the most predictable movements (all results had a predictability score of more than 50%), whilst torque and translation seemed to be the most difficult to be performed (most results were under 50%). Intrusion movements seemed also to be overcorrected (142.4%), resulting in possible apex resorption if not calibrated correctly. Conclusions: Single isolated dental movements seem to be predictable with the Invisalign® system, but major complex movements seem to be more unpredictable. The most predictable types of movements seem to be incisor rotation and extrusion, whilst the least predictable seem to be incisor torque and translation. Further studies are needed to examine further the predictability of the Invisalign® system considering more variables influencing the results of the studies.","PeriodicalId":305086,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Orthodontic Journal","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115517270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.21608/eos.2022.105535.1053
Kosar Bahadur, Nazir Ahmad, Imran Tajik, A. A. Khan, Nadia Sharafat
: Objective: To evaluate if there is an association between palatally displaced canines and sella turcica bridging, ponticulus posticus development. Materials and methods: There was a total of 70 patients in the control group with normally erupted canines and 35 patients in the cases group with palatally displaced canines. Pre-treatment records (Lateral Cephalogram and CBCT) of all patients were used to assess sella turcica bridging and palatally displaced canines. Independent sample t tests were used to compare sella dimensions between patients and controls, whereas chi-square test was used to compare the association between sella bridging and palatally displaced canines. Results: The prevalence of Type I bridging was 25.7% in the cases group, compared to 54.3% in the control group. The control group contained 32 subjects (45.7%) with sella turcica bridging (types II and III according to Leonardi et al), while the cases group had 26 subjects (74.3%) with this anomaly (types II and III combined). In participants with canine impaction, the frequency of sella bridging was substantially higher than in controls (P=0.006). In PDC patients, the sagittal interclinoidal distance was observed to be significantly reduced (P=0.002). Ponticulus posticus was seen in 22% of the cases group and 12% of the controls group. (chi-square P=0.006) Conclusions: Palatally displaced canine patients showed a higher prevalence of sella turcica bridging. The length of sella is reduced in these patients. The development of ponticulus posticus is also associated with the occurrence
{"title":"Association Of Palatally Displaced Canines With Sella Turcica Bridging And Ponticulus Posticus In Orthodontic Patients.","authors":"Kosar Bahadur, Nazir Ahmad, Imran Tajik, A. A. Khan, Nadia Sharafat","doi":"10.21608/eos.2022.105535.1053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/eos.2022.105535.1053","url":null,"abstract":": Objective: To evaluate if there is an association between palatally displaced canines and sella turcica bridging, ponticulus posticus development. Materials and methods: There was a total of 70 patients in the control group with normally erupted canines and 35 patients in the cases group with palatally displaced canines. Pre-treatment records (Lateral Cephalogram and CBCT) of all patients were used to assess sella turcica bridging and palatally displaced canines. Independent sample t tests were used to compare sella dimensions between patients and controls, whereas chi-square test was used to compare the association between sella bridging and palatally displaced canines. Results: The prevalence of Type I bridging was 25.7% in the cases group, compared to 54.3% in the control group. The control group contained 32 subjects (45.7%) with sella turcica bridging (types II and III according to Leonardi et al), while the cases group had 26 subjects (74.3%) with this anomaly (types II and III combined). In participants with canine impaction, the frequency of sella bridging was substantially higher than in controls (P=0.006). In PDC patients, the sagittal interclinoidal distance was observed to be significantly reduced (P=0.002). Ponticulus posticus was seen in 22% of the cases group and 12% of the controls group. (chi-square P=0.006) Conclusions: Palatally displaced canine patients showed a higher prevalence of sella turcica bridging. The length of sella is reduced in these patients. The development of ponticulus posticus is also associated with the occurrence","PeriodicalId":305086,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Orthodontic Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129606209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.21608/eos.2022.172634.1056
Asser Gad, Samia Soliman
{"title":"Evaluation Of Systemic Omega-3 PUFAs On Orthodontic Tooth Movement In A Rabbit Model: Randomized Clinical Trial","authors":"Asser Gad, Samia Soliman","doi":"10.21608/eos.2022.172634.1056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/eos.2022.172634.1056","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":305086,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Orthodontic Journal","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125463534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.21608/eos.2022.146611.1051
Tarek Eissa, W. Rifai, M. El-Shal, M. Ibrahim
Introduction: Orthodontics have been affected by digital technology, including diagnostic tools, treatment planning, appliance production, and 3D printing. To enable bracket arrangement more precisely and effectively, various CAD applications were available. Numerous research that examined the effectiveness and precision of the digital indirect bonding approach discovered that it is, overall, an effective solution. However, there was little investigation on the literatures regarding the external reliability of digital indirect bonding systems. Aim of the study: to assess digitally the amount of variation in bracket locations that occurred during their transfer using an indirect bonding tray within the patient's mouth, as well as the exterior accuracy of the measurements.
{"title":"Dependability Of A Digital Indirect Bonding Approach Using E-models And Two Transfer Trays","authors":"Tarek Eissa, W. Rifai, M. El-Shal, M. Ibrahim","doi":"10.21608/eos.2022.146611.1051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/eos.2022.146611.1051","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Orthodontics have been affected by digital technology, including diagnostic tools, treatment planning, appliance production, and 3D printing. To enable bracket arrangement more precisely and effectively, various CAD applications were available. Numerous research that examined the effectiveness and precision of the digital indirect bonding approach discovered that it is, overall, an effective solution. However, there was little investigation on the literatures regarding the external reliability of digital indirect bonding systems. Aim of the study: to assess digitally the amount of variation in bracket locations that occurred during their transfer using an indirect bonding tray within the patient's mouth, as well as the exterior accuracy of the measurements.","PeriodicalId":305086,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Orthodontic Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121861939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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