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Una década de publicaciones sobre Historia de la Educación de las Mujeres (2007-2017) 关于妇女教育史的十年出版物(2007-2017)
Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.14201/HEDU201837445480
Consuelo Flecha García
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引用次数: 0
Creando poder: la evolución de la autoridad docente en España 创造权力:西班牙教学权威的演变
Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.14201/HEDU201837383403
L. L. Herrero, E. Redondo
Este trabajo pretende abordar el tema de la autoridad del profesorado ya que se ha convertido en un problema que desborda las barreras educativas, para convertirse en un asunto con entidad politica. Para ello, realizamos un analisis de la evolucion de la autoridad del docente a lo largo de los dos ultimos siglos, contemplada a partir de los diferentes desarrollos legislativos. Como unidades de analisis, hemos tomado las leyes educativas que arrancan en el ano 1857, con la Ley Moyano, hasta nuestros dias, asi como los desarrollos normativos surgidos al respecto a nivel autonomico. El estudio de la normativa, desde una perspectiva historica, nos va a permitir no solo constatar el papel que en cada momento social se le ha dado al docente, y como se ha recogido este a traves de las regulaciones, sino la evolucion del concepto de autoridad y el valor otorgado en cada epoca.
这项工作的目的是解决教师权威问题,因为它已成为一个超越教育障碍的问题,成为一个具有政治实体的问题。为此,我们根据不同的立法发展,分析了过去两个世纪教师权威的演变。作为分析单位,我们采取了1857年开始的教育法,即《莫亚诺法》,直到今天,以及在自治区一级在这方面出现的规范性发展。从历史的角度研究法规,不仅将使我们能够确定教师在每个社会时刻所发挥的作用,以及通过法规所体现的作用,而且还将使我们能够确定每个时代权威概念和价值的演变。
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引用次数: 0
Nacionalismos y educación en España 西班牙的民族主义与教育
Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.14201/HEDU201837115144
Narciso de Gabriel
The first part of the article briefly examines the structure of the Spanish education system and the quantitative evolution of primary schools in contemporary times. It goes on to review some of the measures adopted in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century to highlight the nationalist orientation of the schools and their teachers and the intensification of the role they played in nationalisation. Lastly, the core of the article analyses the linguistic policy adopted by the Spanish government to be applied to schools. This analysis focusses on three of the most important moments in history: The Report of the Board created by the Regency to propose ways to implement the structure of the different branches of public instruction (1813); the proposals presented at the Pedagogical Conference of Barcelona (1888) to determine how the Spanish language should be taught in areas where it was not the native tongue; and the parliamentary debate on the language used in schools raised by the decree of the Count of Romanones (1902).
文章的第一部分简要考察了西班牙教育体系的结构和当代小学的数量演变。接着回顾了19世纪末和20世纪初采取的一些措施,以突出学校和教师的民族主义取向,以及他们在国有化中扮演的角色的强化。最后,文章的核心分析了西班牙政府采取的语言政策在学校中的应用。这一分析集中在历史上三个最重要的时刻:摄政创建的董事会报告,提出了实施公共教育不同分支结构的方法(1813年);在巴塞罗那教学会议(1888年)上提出的建议,以确定如何在非母语地区教授西班牙语;以及议会对罗马诺内斯伯爵(1902年)法令提出的学校使用语言的辩论。
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引用次数: 1
Los planes de estudios de la Escuela Normal del Magisterio Primario de Cáceres en la Segunda República 第二共和国caceres小学教师培训学校的课程
Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.14201/HEDU201837365382
F. J. Montes
In this paper we analyze the different curricula that coexisted in the Normal School of the Primary Magisterium of Caceres during the Second Republic, from the Bergamin Plan of 1914, which continued those students who had already begun their studies in previous years. And who were given the opportunity to enter the like teachers through their participation in the Professional Selection Courses, following the Preparatory Plan. Who were surprised by the transition of curricula but did not have the title of higher bachelor required in the new, and ending with the star plan of the Second Republic, the so-called Professional Plan. We analyze the courses taught, the contents, the final revalidate of studies, the examination courts and the ways of evaluating in the Cacerena Normal School.
在本文中,我们分析了在第二共和国期间,从1914年的贝加明计划开始,在卡塞雷斯初级教会师范学校共存的不同课程,该计划继续了那些已经开始学习的学生。根据预备计划,他们有机会通过参加专业选拔课程而成为类似的教师。他们对课程的转变感到惊讶,但没有获得新课程所要求的高等学士学位,并以第二共和国的明星计划结束,即所谓的专业计划。分析了卡塞里纳师范学校的课程设置、课程内容、课程的最终验证、考试场地和考核方式。
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引用次数: 0
Francis Scott Fitzgerald, entre el puritanismo pedagógico y la moral postmoderna 弗朗西斯·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德,教育清教主义与后现代道德之间
Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.14201/HEDU201837341363
Raquel Cercós i Raichs, C. V. Torrano
This article reviews what the experience of the First World War (1914-1918) meant for the American generation that promoted what Francis Scott Fitzgerald (1896-1940) called «Jazz Age», period corresponding to the decade of the twenties until the crack of 1929. It attends the novels of this American writer to trace the emergence of a new moral that eroded the pedagogical puritanism of the time of the pioneers. This change brought a new educational horizon away from the ideal of the Christian student that had represented university institutions such as Princeton, whose classrooms passed our protagonist before joining the army. It is a pedagogical chronicle of a literary generation that, after visiting Europe in the 1920s, broke with the tradition of the biblical story, with which it anticipated postmodern morality.
本文回顾了第一次世界大战(1914-1918)的经历对美国这一代人意味着什么,他们推动了弗朗西斯·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德(1896年-1940年)所说的“爵士乐时代”,这一时期对应于20世纪20年代的十年,直到1929年。它关注这位美国作家的小说,以追溯一种新道德的出现,这种道德侵蚀了拓荒者时代的教学清教主义。这一变化为基督教学生的理想带来了一个新的教育视野,基督教学生曾代表普林斯顿大学等大学机构,在参军前,普林斯顿大学的教室超过了我们的主角。这是一部关于文学一代的教育编年史,在20世纪20年代访问欧洲后,这一代文学打破了圣经故事的传统,并期待着后现代道德。
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引用次数: 0
Invisibilidad de la mujer mexicana en la documentación de mediados del siglo XVIII (Colonia del nuevo Santander) 18世纪中期文献中墨西哥妇女的隐形性(新桑坦德殖民地)
Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.14201/HEDU201837287301
H. Navarro
espanolLa posicion historica y social de las mujeres, subordinadas o invisibilizadas por los modos dominantes de produccion y por las relaciones sociales, empieza a cuestionarse durante la etapa ilustrada, aunque es un proceso lento y desigual. Mostramos el resultado de la investigacion sobre la presencia de la mujer en la Colonia del Nuevo Santander (Virreinato de Nueva Espana), ultimo territorio en ser realmente colonizado por la Corona espanola a mediados del siglo xviii. Somos conscientes de lo concreto del territorio estudiado, zona de frontera del Imperio espanol, y del corto espacio de tiempo, los 20 primeros anos desde la creacion de la Colonia en 1748. Se quiere mostrar una instantanea de la vida cotidiana de las mujeres, pero la realidad es su ausencia en la documentacion escrita. EnglishThe social and historical position of women, subordinated or made invisible by the dominant ways of production and by the social relations, begins to be questioned during the enlightened era, although it is a slow and unequal process. We show the research results about the presence of women in the Colony of New Santander (Viceroyalty of New Spain), the last territory really colonized by the Spanish Crown in the middle of the 18th century. We are aware of the concretion of the studied territory, a bordering area of the Spanish Empire, and of the short period of time, the first 20 years since the creation of the Colony in 1748. We aim to show a snapshot of women daily life, but their absence in the written documents is a fact.
西班牙妇女的历史和社会地位,无论是从属的还是被主导的生产方式和社会关系所掩盖,在启蒙阶段都开始受到质疑,尽管这是一个缓慢而不平等的过程。我们展示了关于妇女在新桑坦德(新西班牙总督府)殖民地存在的研究结果,这是18世纪中叶西班牙王室真正殖民的最后一块领土。我们意识到所研究领土的具体情况,这是西班牙帝国的边界地区,也是自1748年殖民地成立以来的头20年。它想展示女性日常生活的快照,但现实是她们在书面文件中的缺席。英国妇女的社会和历史地位在启蒙时代开始受到质疑,尽管这是一个缓慢而不平等的过程,但由于主导的生产方式和社会关系而处于从属地位或被忽视。我们展示了关于新桑坦德(新西班牙副王国)殖民地妇女存在的研究结果,这是18世纪中叶西班牙王室真正殖民的最后一个领土。我们意识到西班牙帝国边境地区研究领土的具体化,以及很短的时间,这是该殖民地1748年成立以来的第一个20年。我们的目的是展示女性日常生活的快照,但她们没有在书面文件中是事实。
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引用次数: 0
Los Movimientos de Renovación Pedagógica (MRP) en la España de la transición educativa (1970-1985) 教育转型时期西班牙的教育更新运动(1970-1985)
Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.14201/HEDU201837257284
J. Díaz
The mrp are public expression of a special and exceptional historical moment of the Spain of the educational transition (1970-1985). They are close and are twinned with other social movements that work with great vitality in a very favorable context for the emergence of freedoms of all kinds, at the end of the iron-fisted Franco dictatorship. The mrp have the collective aspiration, sometimes romantic, to build a new world, a different and more just society, in this case from processes of change in educational policy and pedagogical renewal. The shift from mrp to smaller pedagogical renewal groups in their composition, and more focused on specific pedagogical aspects, occurs when the mec, political parties and teacher unions channel other aspirations existing or born even within the mrp. In our opinion the mrp of this stage are the verification of an active and multiform social movement gestated and built in the field of education, unique in the world and unrepeatable, typical of the socio-political process experienced in Spain of the educational transition since the dictatorship Francoist to democracy.
mrp公开表达了西班牙教育转型时期(1970-1985)一个特殊而特殊的历史时刻。他们关系密切,并与其他社会运动结为姐妹,这些运动在铁腕的佛朗哥独裁统治结束时,在各种自由出现的非常有利的背景下,充满活力。mrp有一个集体的愿望,有时是浪漫的,那就是建立一个新世界,一个不同的、更公正的社会,在这种情况下,来自教育政策的变化和教学更新的过程。当mec、政党和教师工会引导甚至在mrp内部存在或产生的其他愿望时,就会发生从mrp向组成上较小的教学更新团体的转变,并更加关注特定的教学方面。在我们看来,这一阶段的mrp是对一场在教育领域孕育和建立的积极而多样的社会运动的验证,这场运动在世界上是独一无二的,也是不可复制的,是西班牙从独裁的法语国家向民主过渡的教育社会政治过程的典型。
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引用次数: 6
Debates parlamentarios en torno a la conformación de la educación secundaria en tiempos de la Confederación Argentina y de la «organización nacional» 关于阿根廷联邦和“国家组织”时期中等教育形成的议会辩论
Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.14201/HEDU201837315339
Susana Schoo
We present some findings of an ongoing doctoral thesis that investigates the organization of National Schools (Colegios Nacionales) in Argentina. Although secondary education was able to be institutionalized and sustained since 1863 within the framework of the so-called «national organization», it will be shown that this was a process that was previously developed. An examination of the parliamentary work of the 1850s indicates that discussions about national powers in the organization of these studies were already part of the repertoire of topics by leading groups. Contrasting with the debates of the 1860s, there are differences but also important coincidences between the two periods. Studying the 1850s and its institutional legacy constitutes a renewed look to understand the ways in which the national policies that organized the Argentine educational system were defined.
我们提出了一些正在进行的博士论文,调查组织的国立学校(Colegios Nacionales)在阿根廷的发现。虽然自1863年以来,中等教育能够在所谓的“国家组织”的框架内制度化和持续下去,但将表明这是一个以前发展的过程。对19世纪50年代议会工作的考察表明,在这些研究的组织中,关于国家权力的讨论已经成为领导小组主题的一部分。与19世纪60年代的辩论相比,这两个时期之间既有差异,也有重要的巧合。研究19世纪50年代及其制度遗产,可以重新审视阿根廷教育体系的国家政策是如何定义的。
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引用次数: 0
Feminismo y educación. Recorrido de un camino común 女权主义与教育。沿着共同的道路走
Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.14201/HEDU2018373767
P. Domingo, Ana Iglesias Galdo
This paper outlines the joint story of education and feminism in the journey to equality and women’s emancipation in the contemporary world. Following a chronological order, it seeks to show in a panoramic manner –but with Spain as a case study– the achievements that have made possible to shorten some distances between men and women, and also the obstacles that have hampered its progress and consolidation. The paper concludes with the analysis of some relevant aspects of the complex framework in which feminism and education are today, as a consequence of the important changes of the 21st century and the patriarchal rearmament that they entail.
本文概述了教育和女权主义在当代世界平等和妇女解放之旅中的共同故事。按照时间顺序,它试图以全景的方式——但以西班牙为例——展示缩短男女之间某些距离的成就,以及阻碍其进步和巩固的障碍。文章最后分析了当今女权主义和教育的复杂框架的一些相关方面,这是21世纪重要变革及其所带来的父权制重整的结果。
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引用次数: 2
Desde el castillo interior: cartas de María de Maeztu a María Martos de Baeza 来自内城堡:maria de Maeztu写给maria Martos de Baeza的信
Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.14201/HEDU201837417443
Raquel Vázquez Ramil, Á. S. P. Ucha
Maria de Maeztu y Whitney (1881-1948), pedagoga vasca, desarrollo una amplia trayectoria como defensora de la educacion de las mujeres espanolas, especialmente a traves de la direccion de la Residencia de Senoritas de Madrid entre 1915 y 1936, pero tambien desde otras instancias, como el impulso del Lyceum Club o una incesante labor como articulista y conferenciante. Su «obra» la llevo a mantener estrechos contactos con mujeres destacadas en diferentes ambitos, tanto en el terreno intelectual como en el social; y de esos contactos queda constancia en una abundante correspondencia depositada en el Archivo de la Residencia de Senoritas de Madrid (arsm). Recogemos en este apartado de documentacion ocho cartas que Maria de Maeztu escribio a Maria Martos Arregui (1888-1981), esposa del traductor y director teatral Ricardo Baeza. Las cartas abarcan un periodo de ocho anos, de 1924 a 1932, y en ellas se conjugan las confesiones intimas, desde el «castillo interior», con la relacion de acontecimientos sociales y politicos del momento. Son, por tanto, documentos esenciales para comprender el mundo de las mujeres que en los anos 20 y 30 contribuyeron a animar la vida espanola con aires nuevos, aunque no exentos de contradicciones.
Maria Maeztu和惠特尼(1881-1948)教育者巴斯克、发展轨迹广泛倡导espanolas妇女教育,特别是成败得失马德里女士们的居住地址1915年至1936年,他也是从其他机构,例如推动Lyceum俱乐部或不断担任专栏作家和讲师的工作。她的“工作”使她与不同领域的杰出女性保持密切联系,包括知识领域和社会领域;这些联系在存放在马德里女子住宅(arsm)档案中的大量信件中得到了证实。在本节中,我们收集了Maria de Maeztu写给Maria Martos Arregui(1888-1981)的八封信,Maria Martos Arregui是翻译兼戏剧导演Ricardo Baeza的妻子。这些信件涵盖了从1924年到1932年的8年时间,它们结合了来自“内城堡”的亲密忏悔,以及当时社会和政治事件的关系。因此,这些文件对于理解20世纪20年代和30年代妇女的世界至关重要,她们为西班牙的生活注入了新的活力,尽管并非没有矛盾。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Historia de la Educacion
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