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Mitigation of Flash Floods in Kokrajhar of the State of Assam in North East India 缓解印度东北部阿萨姆邦科克拉杰尔的山洪暴发
Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.7770/safer-v13n1-art599
Rajashekar M Hubballi, Soumen Maji
Assam, one of the northeastern state of India witnesses heavy rainfall almost every year because of its geographical location. Kokrajhar, a district of Assam witnesses flash floods at certain parts of it during rainy season. Detailed study of the reasons for occurrence of flash floods have made and presented in this paper. Incorrect estimation of maximum flood or providing undersized storm water drains are the major reasons for occurrence of flash floods. Improper construction and maintenance of storm water drains are also the reasons for flash flood occurrence. Kokrajhar, being the headquarter of Bodoland Territorial Region is coming up with large number of infrastructural development projects. However, due to flood situations, these construction projects are halted for a considerable time resulting in slower rate of completion of these projects. The present case study aims at understanding the reasons behind occurrence of flash floods at central part of Kokrajhar town and finding the appropriate preventive and remedial measures to prevent such floods. These measures will thus helps in avoiding difficulties caused to the general public during rainy season and also helps in the faster rate of development of the region.
阿萨姆邦是印度东北部的一个邦,由于地理位置的原因,几乎每年都会有强降雨。阿萨姆邦的Kokrajhar地区在雨季的某些地方会发生山洪暴发。本文对山洪暴发的原因进行了详细的研究。对最大洪水的错误估计或提供尺寸过小的暴雨排水沟是发生山洪的主要原因。暴雨排水沟的施工和维护不当也是山洪暴发的原因。Kokrajhar作为博多兰地区的总部,正在进行大量的基础设施开发项目。然而,由于洪水情况,这些建设项目暂停了相当长的一段时间,导致这些项目的完工速度较慢。本案例研究旨在了解Kokrajhar镇中部发生山洪暴发的原因,并找到预防此类洪水的适当预防和补救措施。因此,这些措施将有助于避免在雨季给公众带来困难,也有助于加快该地区的发展速度。
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引用次数: 0
Homoeopathic rare remedies for osteoarthritis of knee joint 膝关节骨性关节炎的罕见顺势疗法
Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.7770/safer-v13n2-art3018
Sadaf Khan
The 2 nd most common rheumatological problem and most frequent joint disease is osteoarthritis. The prevalence of osteoarthritis in India ranges from 22% to 39%. OA is more common in females than  males and its prevalence increases with advanced age. As per the literature available osteoarthritis of the knee joint is mostly seen in the population. Various complementary and alternative therapy is open to the patients to choose the best for themselves. There are side effects seen with NSAID’s thus patients are moving towards modalities in CAM. The homeopathic system of medicine has remedies that are already proven on human beings having no side effects to the patients, yet are effective. Homoeopathy offers a great chance for patients suffering from the pain, stiffness and limitation in daily activities. This particular article is listed with a few rare homoeopathic remedies indicated in homoeopathic materia medica for osteoarthritis like Angustura vera, ArgemoneMexicana, Formica rufa, Jacaranda Caroba, Osteoarthritic Nosode, Salicylic acid, Slag.
第二个最常见的风湿病问题和最常见的关节疾病是骨关节炎。骨关节炎在印度的患病率在22%到39%之间。OA在女性中比男性更常见,其患病率随着年龄的增长而增加。根据现有文献,膝关节骨性关节炎主要发生在人群中。各种补充和替代疗法向患者开放,让他们自己选择最好的。NSAID有副作用,因此患者正在转向CAM模式。顺势疗法的药物系统已经在人类身上证明了对患者没有副作用,但仍然有效。顺势疗法为患有疼痛、僵硬和日常活动受限的患者提供了一个很好的机会。这篇文章列出了一些罕见的治疗骨关节炎的顺势疗法药物,如Angustura vera、ArgemoneExicana、Formica rufa、Jacaranda Caroba、骨关节炎Nosode、水杨酸、矿渣。
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引用次数: 0
Adhesive capsulitis: a review of current clinical treatments 粘连性囊炎:目前临床治疗的综述
Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.7770/safer-v13n2-art3010
Aninda Sarkar
Adhesive Capsulitis of the shoulder or arthrofibrosis describes a pathological process in which the body forms excessive scar tissue or adhesions across the glenohumeral joint, leading to pain, stiffness, and dysfunction. It is a debilitating condition that can occur spontaneously (primary or idiopathic adhesive capsulitis) or following shoulder surgery or trauma (secondary adhesive capsulitis). Here we review the pathophysiology of adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder, highlighting its clinical presentation, natural history, risk factors, pathoanatomy, and pathogenesis. Both current non-operative and operative treatments for adhesive capsulitis are discussed and evidence-based studies are presented in support of or against each corresponding treatment. Research carried out in the MEDLINE/ PubMed / Research gate/ Google scholars using Mesh Terms: “adhesive capsulitis”, “frozen shoulder”, and “treatment”. The articles in English published were selected, after which non-relevant articles were excluded based on the title, reading of the abstract, and full article. Physical therapy along with medication has proven to be beneficial either isolated or concomitantly with other therapeutic approaches. Alternate options like capsular distension, manipulation under anesthesia, and arthroscopic surgery have reported good results, especially in refractory cases. No significant benefits were found with the use of oral corticosteroids, NSAIDs, or acupuncture. New treatment options are currently being tested with promising results. There are several effective options for the treatment of Adhesive capsulitis. In the early stages, conservative measures should be chosen with special emphasis on physical therapy within the limits of pain associated with low-dose intra-articular injection of corticosteroids. More invasive treatment options should be suggested namely capsular distention and manipulation under anesthesia.
肩关节粘连性囊炎或关节纤维化描述了一种病理过程,在这种过程中,身体在肩关节上形成过多的疤痕组织或粘连,导致疼痛、僵硬和功能障碍。这是一种使人衰弱的疾病,可以自发发生(原发性或特发性粘连性囊炎),也可以在肩部手术或创伤后发生(继发性粘连性囊炎)。在此,我们回顾了肩部粘连性囊炎的病理生理学,重点介绍了其临床表现、自然史、危险因素、病理解剖和发病机制。对目前粘连性囊炎的非手术和手术治疗进行了讨论,并提出了支持或反对每种相应治疗的循证研究。在MEDLINE/PubMed/Research-gate/Google学者中使用网状术语进行的研究:“粘连性囊炎”、“冷冻肩”和“治疗”。选择发表的英文文章,之后根据标题、摘要阅读和全文排除非相关文章。物理治疗和药物治疗已被证明是有益的,无论是单独的还是与其他治疗方法同时进行。其他选择,如包膜扩张、麻醉下操作和关节镜手术,都取得了良好的效果,尤其是在难治性病例中。使用口服皮质类固醇、非甾体抗炎药或针灸没有发现显著的益处。目前正在测试新的治疗方案,结果很有希望。治疗粘连性囊炎有几种有效的选择。在早期阶段,应选择保守措施,特别强调在低剂量关节内注射皮质类固醇的疼痛范围内进行物理治疗。应该建议更具侵入性的治疗方案,即在麻醉下进行包膜扩张和手法治疗。
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引用次数: 0
Understanding The Concept of Susceptibility and its Assessment on Respiratory Tract Infection (RTIs) : A review 了解呼吸道感染(RTIs)的易感性概念及其评估:综述
Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.7770/safer-v13n2-art3013
Dr. Vinodini Vasantrao Patil, Krishnakumari Moirangthem
Background: Homoeopathy as a system of medicines & that deals with any disease condition in a holistic way brings to the needs of present scenario which possesses a better scope to reduce the recurrency of disease. Susceptibility is revealed by the reaction that occur when the host interacts with environmental factors by the sign and symptoms.  Respiratory tract infections is spreading rapidly within the communities & represent the third most frequent health problem across the globe due to microorganism. The disease is vulnerable to infection than the other parts of body. The intensity of symptoms can be ranged from mild to severe. Most of the incidence is underestimated because of infection are mild & not hampers the daily activities until severity. According to WHO data published in 2017 death in India due to RTI (i.e. lung disease) reaches 8, 96, 77 or 10.19% which India ranks 4th in the world & adolescent & adults have approximately 2-4 cold in a year. By assessing the susceptibility and proper selection of potency of simillimum can bring an ideal cure. The study was to understand the concept of susceptibility and its application in RTI disease. Aim and Objective: The aim of the study is to review on the available literature with objective to subject each research paper in order to shed light on the current topic and to find the way for new research. Methods: Databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline and Science Direct were used to search the articles. CONCLUSION: This study suggested that the importance of assessment of Susceptibility in Homoeopathy which helps in evaluation of cases and selection of potency and the curative dose of simillimum. As Homoeopathic medicine gives effectively relief to the patient and restoration of the normal susceptibility is the basis of cure. KEYWORDS:  Homoeopathy, RTI,  Susceptibility, Simillimum
背景:顺势疗法作为一种药物体系,以整体的方式处理任何疾病,满足了当前情况的需要,具有更好的范围来减少疾病的复发。易感性是通过宿主通过体征和症状与环境因素相互作用时发生的反应来揭示的。呼吸道感染在社区内迅速传播,是全球第三大常见的微生物健康问题。这种疾病比身体其他部位更容易感染。症状的强度可以从轻微到严重不等。大多数感染的发生率被低估了,因为感染是轻微的&在严重之前不会妨碍日常活动。根据世界卫生组织2017年公布的数据,印度因RTI(即肺病)死亡的人数达到8、96、77或10.19%,印度在世界上排名第四,青少年和成年人一年中约有2-4例感冒。通过评估药物的敏感性和选择合适的药效可以带来理想的治疗方法。本研究旨在了解易感性的概念及其在RTI疾病中的应用。目的和目的:本研究的目的是对现有文献进行综述,目的是对每篇研究论文进行主题研究,以阐明当前的主题并找到新的研究方法。方法:利用PubMed、Google Scholar、Medline和Science Direct等数据库进行检索。结论:本研究提示了评估顺势疗法的易感性的重要性,这有助于评估病例、选择西莫林的疗效和治疗剂量。由于顺势疗法能有效缓解患者的病情,恢复正常的易感性是治愈的基础。关键词:顺势疗法,RTI,易感性,相似性
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引用次数: 0
Treatment of hyperkeratotic lesions, primarily focusing on corns with the aid of various techniques, mainly emphasizing on homeopathy- an overview. 角化过度病变的治疗,主要集中在玉米与各种技术的援助,主要强调顺势疗法-概述。
Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.7770/safer-v13n2-art3015
Amreen Sumiyya R, Rajendra Eknath Shinde
Corns are also known as localized plantar hyperkeratosis of skin, is one of the most common diseases in young adults and old people throughout the world. It falls under the category of superficial disorders occurring in the foot. It is caused by the hyperactivity of keratinocytes, that is to say, the hyperkeratotic activity of stratum corneum or rapid proliferation of keratinocytes, resulting in the formation of thickened layers of skin. The major mechanical cause for the development of corn is faulty footwear, congenital deformities in the foot viz... A mallet toe, hammertoe and claw toes. A broad forefoot that has been forcefully constricted in the toe box could be one of the most common causes for the development of Corn. The common symptoms associated with corn are pain, impaired mobility and limited functional activities. Common site of the appearance of Corn is palm, soles of feet, knees, balls of the heel. On assessment, it is observed that 14 -48 % of people experience the sufferings of Corn. 33-78% of older age group people over 75 years of age experience these hyperkeratotic lesions.  Here we are going to discuss the existing literature describing various methods that are used while treating hyperkeratotic lesions, especially of Corn. The following literature concisely provides different procedures opted to excavate the Corn, either conservatively or operatively, using Homoeopathy or modern medicine respectively. In this review of the literature, we are going to exhibit the effectiveness of homoeopathic medicine over other conventional methods of treatment. This article will review a few of the literature work done under the condition of hyperkeratotic lesions mainly emphasizing the treatment of Corns by using various techniques in various systems of medicine.
角膜也被称为局限性足底皮肤角化过度症,是世界各地年轻人和老年人最常见的疾病之一。它属于足部浅表性疾病的范畴。它是由角质形成细胞的过度活跃引起的,也就是说,角质层的过度角化活动或角质形成细胞快速增殖,导致皮肤层增厚。玉米发育的主要机械原因是鞋类缺陷、足部先天畸形,即木槌趾、锤趾和爪趾。宽阔的前掌被脚趾有力地收缩,这可能是玉米发育最常见的原因之一。与玉米相关的常见症状是疼痛、行动不便和功能活动受限。玉米出现的常见部位是手掌、脚底、膝盖、足跟球。在评估中,观察到14-48%的人经历过玉米的痛苦。在75岁以上的老年人群中,33-78%的人经历过这些角化过度病变。在这里,我们将讨论现有的文献,描述在治疗角化过度病变时使用的各种方法,尤其是玉米。以下文献简要介绍了分别使用顺势疗法或现代医学保守或手术挖掘玉米的不同程序。在这篇文献综述中,我们将展示顺势疗法药物相对于其他传统治疗方法的有效性。本文将回顾在角化过度病变的情况下所做的一些文献工作,主要强调在各种医学系统中使用各种技术治疗角膜。
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引用次数: 0
Homoeopathic management of gastritis: a review. 胃炎的顺势疗法治疗:综述。
Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.7770/safer-v13n2-art3011
Alajangi Susanna, Sushma Suresh Manhas
Helicobacter pylori and bile reflux are the main causes of diffuse, acute or chronic stomach inflammation known as gastritis. The most frequent disorder seen in clinical practice is this one.  Changes in dietary practices, such as irregular meal times, fast food, and addictions to alcohol and tobacco use, can play a significant influence. Despite not being as fatal as other serious illnesses, the symptoms can be upsetting, make it difficult to enjoy daily life, and put a strain on both the mind and body. If gastritis is not treated quickly, serious problems such peptic ulcers and pyloric stenosis might result, followed by perforation. A significant part of homoeopathy in the management of gastritis is extremely effective in treating both chronic and acute gastritis symptoms. Furthermore, it is crucial in preventing a relapse of the illness. Homoeopathic drugs, on the other hand, are helpful in the prevention and treatment of many aliments. This study therefore lists typical homoeopathic medications that can be used to treat or ward off gastritis.
幽门螺杆菌和胆汁反流是引起弥漫性、急性或慢性胃炎(胃炎)的主要原因。在临床实践中最常见的疾病就是这个。饮食习惯的改变,如不规律的用餐时间、快餐以及烟酒成瘾,都可能产生重大影响。尽管不像其他严重疾病那样致命,但这种症状会让人心烦意乱,难以享受日常生活,给身心带来压力。如果胃炎不及时治疗,可能会导致严重的问题,如消化性溃疡和幽门狭窄,然后是穿孔。顺势疗法在胃炎治疗中的一个重要部分是治疗慢性和急性胃炎症状非常有效。此外,它对防止疾病复发至关重要。另一方面,顺势疗法药物有助于预防和治疗许多营养不良。因此,本研究列出了可用于治疗或预防胃炎的典型顺势疗法药物。
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引用次数: 0
Homoeopathy in the management of headache and migraine – A narrative review 顺势疗法在头痛和偏头痛治疗中的应用综述
Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.7770/safer-v13n1-art3000
Dheeraj Pandey, A. Patil, S. Shinde
Background: Homeopathy appears scientifically implausible and is one of the most contentious CAM therapies. The purpose of this review is to summarise the treatment effects of homoeopathy in migraine. There will be no disease if there is no definite cause. The disease's nature will follow the cause, and the effect will make the person sick. The effects and the sick person will be treated in a straightforward and understandable manner. Migraine is the result of the cause, and the well-known Homoeopathic medicine can produce better results on this ailment when used in conjunction with the presence of the symptoms. This study is to search the well-known, rare medicine and its efficacy in such condition which is described in different literature as well as different research study. There are wide ranges of Homoeopathic medicines considered as rare remedies on the basis of paucity of symptoms and large number of medicine with rare symptoms representing the uniqueness when selected on the basis of totality. During practising Homoeopathic physician requires well-known medicine as well as rare medicine that helps to management of migraine. Methods: Relevant studies were identified by a comprehensive literature search in electronic databases, reference list of relevant papers, and contacts with experts. Randomized controlled trials comparing individualized homeopathic treatment strategy with placebo were eligible. Information on patients, methods, interventions, outcomes, and results was extracted in a standardized manner and quality was assessed using a checklist and scoring system. Results: Six papers met criteria for inclusion. Three out of the six papers studied migraine headache, two studied cervicogenic and tension type headache, and one included all types of headaches. Four studies were randomized clinical trials, and two were prospective observational studies. Validity scores ranged from 25.0% to 63.4%. Homeopathy was superior to placebo in one randomized clinical trial and equal to placebo in three randomized trials. In no study was homeopathy less effective than placebo in treating headache, or harmful. Two prospective observational studies demonstrated improvement in patients receiving homeopathic care. Conclusion: There is insufficient evidence to support or refute the use of homeopathy for managing tension type, cervicogenic, or migraine headache. The studies reviewed possessed several flaws in design. Given these findings, further research is warranted to better investigate the effectiveness of homeopathic treatment of headaches. (J Chiropr Med 2004; 3:45–52)
背景:顺势疗法在科学上似乎不可信,是最具争议的CAM疗法之一。这篇综述的目的是总结顺势疗法对偏头痛的治疗效果。如果没有确切的病因,就不会有疾病。疾病的性质会随着病因而变化,其影响会使人生病。影响和病人将以简单易懂的方式进行治疗。偏头痛是病因的结果,众所周知的顺势疗法药物在与症状结合使用时可以对这种疾病产生更好的效果。本研究旨在寻找不同文献和不同研究中描述的知名、罕见的药物及其在这种情况下的疗效。在症状稀少的基础上,有广泛的顺势疗法药物被视为罕见药物,而在总体选择的基础上有大量罕见症状的药物代表着独特性。在执业期间,顺势疗法医生需要知名药物和罕见药物来帮助治疗偏头痛。方法:通过在电子数据库中进行全面的文献检索、相关论文的参考文献列表以及与专家的联系来确定相关研究。比较个体化顺势疗法治疗策略和安慰剂的随机对照试验是合格的。以标准化的方式提取有关患者、方法、干预措施、结果和结果的信息,并使用检查表和评分系统评估质量。结果:6篇论文符合入选标准。六篇论文中有三篇研究了偏头痛,两篇研究了颈源性和紧张型头痛,一篇包括所有类型的头痛。四项研究为随机临床试验,两项为前瞻性观察性研究。有效性得分在25.0%-63.4%之间。顺势疗法在一项随机临床试验中优于安慰剂,在三项随机试验中等于安慰剂。在任何一项研究中,顺势疗法在治疗头痛或有害方面的效果都不如安慰剂。两项前瞻性观察性研究表明,接受顺势疗法治疗的患者病情有所改善。结论:没有足够的证据支持或反驳顺势疗法治疗紧张型、颈源性或偏头痛。审查的研究在设计上有几个缺陷。鉴于这些发现,有必要进行进一步的研究,以更好地研究顺势疗法治疗头痛的有效性。(《脊医杂志》2004;3:45-52)
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引用次数: 0
Constitutional treatment in homoeopathy: a narrative review. 顺势疗法中的宪法处理:叙述性综述。
Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.7770/safer-v13n2-art3016
Laishram Bhagat Singh, Sushma S Manhas
Constitutional prescription is one of the most important aspects of the homoeopathic therapeutic process. It is a method to identify the constitution of an individual and treating the patient as a whole irrespective of names of the diseases and organs affected. The choice of remedy is entirely based on the individual’s totality of all mental and physical reactions. It is based on the Principle of Homoeopathy “SIMILIA SIMILIBUS CURANTER”. The aim is to summarize and review the available literature on the homoeopathic constitutional treatments. Research carried out from all available literature books and database such as PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane Library using Mesh Terms: “constitution and homeopathy”, “constitutional treatment”. Only the articles published in English language were selected. The study suggested that Homoeopathic Constitutional treatment is effective and has an important role in treating many diseases.
宪法处方是顺势疗法治疗过程中最重要的方面之一。这是一种确定个人体质并将患者作为一个整体来治疗的方法,而不管所患疾病和器官的名称如何。治疗方法的选择完全基于个人所有精神和身体反应的总和。它是基于顺势疗法的原理“SIMILIA SIMILIBUS CURANTER”。目的是总结和回顾现有的文献顺势体质治疗。研究从所有可用的文献书籍和数据库中进行,如PubMed,谷歌Scholar和Cochrane Library,使用网格术语:“体质和顺势疗法”,“体质治疗”。只选择以英文发表的文章。本研究表明,顺势体质疗法在治疗多种疾病中具有重要作用。
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引用次数: 0
Systematic review of homoeopathic treatment of dermatitis. 皮炎顺势疗法治疗的系统综述。
Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.7770/safer-v13n2-art3008
Swati Singh, Sheetal Ajit Patil
Dermatitis refers to a wide range of skin irritations and rashes produced by a variety of causes such as heredity, an overactive immune system, infections, allergies, irritating substances, and more. The symptoms of dry skin, redness, and itching are all frequent.1,3 When compared to conventional medication, the treatment of skin disorders with homoeopathic remedies appears to be safer and more satisfactory to the patient, with an improvement in quality of life and general health.2 This review article is written after studying many homoeopathic and dermatitis papers which shows some very positive results of homoeopathic medicine done on dermatitis and in skin disease. Articles published between 2005 to 2021 were included in review. MEDLINE, PubMed, Google Scholar, reference lists, and expert textbooks were used to gather information. Although we are supposing to do more research in field of homoeopathy as well as dermatology for some better results and proof. The goal of this systematic review is to summaries and critically evaluate the evidence from clinical trials and other study, as well as to assess the efficacy of homoeopathy as a dermatitis treatment.
皮炎是指由多种原因引起的皮肤刺激和皮疹,如遗传、免疫系统过度活跃、感染、过敏、刺激性物质等。皮肤干燥、发红和瘙痒的症状都很常见。与传统药物治疗相比,用顺势疗法治疗皮肤病似乎更安全,患者更满意,生活质量和总体健康状况都有所改善这篇综述文章是在研究了许多顺势疗法和皮炎的论文后写的,这些论文显示了顺势疗法药物对皮炎和皮肤病的一些非常积极的结果。2005年至2021年间发表的文章被纳入综述。使用MEDLINE、PubMed、谷歌Scholar、参考书目和专家教科书收集信息。虽然我们打算在顺势疗法和皮肤病学领域做更多的研究,以获得更好的结果和证据。本系统综述的目的是总结和批判性地评估临床试验和其他研究的证据,以及评估顺势疗法作为皮炎治疗的疗效。
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引用次数: 0
Homoeopathic management of stress of essential hypertension patients : A literature review 顺势疗法治疗原发性高血压患者的应激:文献综述
Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.7770/safer-v13n2-art3012
Barkha Dipak Patil, Mrinal Ashish Nerlekar
Hypertension kills insidiously as it is commonly asymptomatic. Stress is conceived to be a significant contributing element towards development of essential hypertension. Homeopathy being the second largest system of medicine has immense scope, allowing in depth study of stress and offering individualized approach to these cases of stress led essential hypertension. There are several homoeopathic medicines which could prove useful in managing stress of essentialhypertension. This article attempts to review some of the existing literature in this context discussing role of homoeopathy in management of stress of essential hypertension patients.
高血压通常是无症状的,它会导致隐性死亡。压力被认为是导致原发性高血压发展的重要因素。顺势疗法是第二大医学体系,具有广阔的应用范围,可以深入研究压力,并为这些压力导致的原发性高血压病例提供个性化的治疗方法。有几种顺势疗法药物可能被证明对控制必要性高血压的压力有用。本文试图在这方面回顾一些现有的文献,讨论顺势疗法在原发性高血压患者压力管理中的作用。
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引用次数: 0
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