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2013 BRICS Congress on Computational Intelligence and 11th Brazilian Congress on Computational Intelligence最新文献

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Semi-supervised Learning with Concept Drift Using Particle Dynamics Applied to Network Intrusion Detection Data 基于粒子动力学的概念漂移半监督学习在网络入侵检测数据中的应用
Fabricio A. Breve, Liang Zhao
Concept drift, which refers to non stationary learning problems over time, has increasing importance in machine learning and data mining. Many concept drift applications require fast response, which means an algorithm must always be (re)trained with the latest available data. But the process of data labeling is usually expensive and/or time consuming when compared to acquisition of unlabeled data, thus usually only a small fraction of the incoming data may be effectively labeled. Semi-supervised learning methods may help in this scenario, as they use both labeled and unlabeled data in the training process. However, most of them are based on assumptions that the data is static. Therefore, semi-supervised learning with concept drifts is still an open challenging task in machine learning. Recently, a particle competition and cooperation approach has been developed to realize graph-based semi-supervised learning from static data. We have extend that approach to handle data streams and concept drift. The result is a passive algorithm which uses a single classifier approach, naturally adapted to concept changes without any explicit drift detection mechanism. It has built-in mechanisms that provide a natural way of learning from new data, gradually "forgetting" older knowledge as older data items are no longer useful for the classification of newer data items. The proposed algorithm is applied to the KDD Cup 1999 Data of network intrusion, showing its effectiveness.
概念漂移是指随着时间推移的非平稳学习问题,在机器学习和数据挖掘中越来越重要。许多概念漂移应用需要快速响应,这意味着算法必须始终使用最新可用数据进行(重新)训练。但是,与获取未标记的数据相比,数据标记的过程通常是昂贵的和/或耗时的,因此通常只有一小部分传入数据可以有效地标记。在这种情况下,半监督学习方法可能会有所帮助,因为它们在训练过程中同时使用标记和未标记的数据。然而,它们中的大多数都是基于数据是静态的假设。因此,带有概念漂移的半监督学习仍然是机器学习中一个开放的具有挑战性的任务。近年来,人们提出了一种粒子竞争与合作的方法来实现基于图的静态数据半监督学习。我们已经扩展了这种方法来处理数据流和概念漂移。结果是使用单一分类器方法的被动算法,自然地适应概念变化,没有任何显式的漂移检测机制。它具有内置的机制,提供了一种从新数据中学习的自然方式,随着旧数据项对新数据项的分类不再有用,逐渐“忘记”旧知识。将该算法应用于KDD Cup 1999网络入侵数据,验证了算法的有效性。
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引用次数: 12
Bayesian Optimization Algorithm with Random Immigration 随机迁移贝叶斯优化算法
Erik Alexandre Pucci, Aurora Trinidad Ramirez Pozo, E. Spinosa
Estimation of Distribution Algorithms (EDA) are stochastic population based search algorithms that use a distribution model of the population to create new candidate solutions. One problem that directly affects the EDAs' ability to find the best solutions is the premature convergence to some local optimum due to diversity loss. Inspired by the Random Immigrants technique, this paper presents the Bayesian Optimization Algorithm with Random Immigration (BOARI). The algorithm generates and migrates random individuals as a way to improve the performance of the Bayesian Optimization Algorithm (BOA) by maintaining the genetic diversity of the population along the generations. The proposed approach has been evaluated and compared to BOA using benchmark functions. Results indicate that, with appropriate settings, the algorithm is able to achieve better solutions than the standard BOA for these functions.
分布估计算法(EDA)是一种基于随机总体的搜索算法,它使用总体的分布模型来创建新的候选解。直接影响eda寻找最优解能力的一个问题是由于多样性损失导致的过早收敛到局部最优。受随机移民技术的启发,提出了随机移民贝叶斯优化算法(BOARI)。该算法生成并迁移随机个体,通过保持种群世代遗传多样性来提高贝叶斯优化算法(BOA)的性能。使用基准函数对提议的方法进行了评估并与BOA进行了比较。结果表明,在适当的设置下,该算法能够获得比标准BOA更好的解。
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引用次数: 0
Efficient Community Detection in Large Scale Networks 大规模网络中的高效社群检测
Vinicius da F Vieira, C. R. Xavier, Alexandre Evsukoff
One of the most important features of a network is its division into communities, groups of nodes with many internal and few external connections. Furthermore, the community structure of a network can be organized hierarchically, which reflects a natural behavior of real life phenomena. It is a difficult task to detect and understand the community structure of a network and it becomes even more challenging as data availability (and networks sizes) increases. This work presents a efficient implementation for community detection in networks aiming on modularity maximization based on the Newman's spectral method with a fine tuning(FT) stage. This work presents a modification on the FT which substantially reduces the execution time, while preserving the division quality. A high performance implementation of the method enables their application to large real world networks. The Newman's spectral method can be applied to networks with more than 1 million nodes in a personal computer.
网络最重要的特征之一是它被划分为社区,即具有许多内部连接和很少外部连接的节点组。此外,网络的社区结构可以分层组织,这反映了现实生活现象的自然行为。检测和理解网络的社区结构是一项困难的任务,随着数据可用性(和网络规模)的增加,这项任务变得更加具有挑战性。本研究提出了一种基于微调(FT)阶段的纽曼谱方法,针对模块化最大化的网络社区检测的有效实现。这项工作提出了一种改进的FT,大大减少了执行时间,同时保持了分割质量。该方法的高性能实现使其能够应用于大型现实世界的网络。纽曼谱方法可以应用于个人计算机中超过100万个节点的网络。
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引用次数: 1
A New Fuzzy Clustering Validity Index Based on Fuzzy Proximity Matrices 一种新的基于模糊接近矩阵的模糊聚类有效性指标
Rafael Xavier Valente, Antonio Braga, W. Pedrycz
This paper presents a new validity index for fuzzy partitions generated by the fuzzy c-means algorithm. The proposed validity index is based on the calculation of factors from the proximity matrix generated from the membership matrix generated by a fuzzy clustering partition algorithm, such as FCM. The experimental results show that the proposed approach is consistent with other well-known metrics and with the dataset structure as observed from Proximity Matrices.
针对模糊c均值算法生成的模糊分区,提出了一种新的有效性指标。提出的有效性指标是基于模糊聚类划分算法(如FCM)生成的隶属度矩阵产生的接近矩阵计算因子。实验结果表明,该方法与其他已知的度量方法一致,并且与接近矩阵的数据集结构一致。
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引用次数: 2
Resistant Regression for Interval-Valued Data 区间值数据的抵抗回归
Jobson Renan, J. Silva, S. Galdino
This paper introduces two new approaches to fit univariate resistant linear regression models on interval-valued data. Linear regressions on interval-valued data gives point predictions. The prediction of the lower and upper bounds from interval-valued data of dependent variable are estimated from the fitted range resistant linear regression model. The new proposed methods should be used in presence of outliers.
本文介绍了两种拟合区间值数据单变量抗线性回归模型的新方法。区间值数据的线性回归给出了点预测。根据拟合的抗极差线性回归模型估计因变量区间值数据的下界和上界的预测。新提出的方法应在存在异常值的情况下使用。
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引用次数: 0
Predicting the Performance of Job Applicants by Means of Genetic Programming 基于遗传规划的求职者绩效预测
D. A. Augusto, H. Bernardino, H. Barbosa
Since their early development, genetic programming-based algorithms have been showing to be successful at challenging problems, attaining several human-competitive results and other awards. This paper will present another achievement of such algorithms by describing how our team has won an international machine-learning competition. We have solved, by means of grammar-based genetic programming techniques, a real-world problem of meritocracy in jobs by evolving classifiers that were both accurate and human-readable.
自早期发展以来,基于遗传编程的算法已经在挑战性问题上取得了成功,获得了几个与人类竞争的结果和其他奖项。本文将通过描述我们的团队如何赢得国际机器学习竞赛来展示此类算法的另一项成就。我们通过基于语法的遗传编程技术,通过进化出既准确又可读的分类器,解决了现实世界中工作中的精英问题。
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引用次数: 4
Pattern-Based Classification via a High Level Approach Using Tourist Walks in Networks 基于模式的高级分类方法在旅游网络中的应用
T. C. Silva, Liang Zhao
Traditional data classification considers only physical features (e.g., geometrical or statistical features) of the input data. Here, it is referred to low level classification. In contrast, the human (animal) brain performs both low and high orders of learning and it has facility in identifying patterns according to the semantic meaning of the input data. Data classification that considers not only physical attributes but also the pattern formation is here called high level classification. In this paper, we present an alternative technique which combines both low and high level data classification techniques. The low level term can be implemented by any classification technique, while the high level term is realized by means of the extraction of the underlying network's features (graph) constructed from the input data, which measures the compliance of the test instances with the pattern formation of the training data. Out of various high level perspectives that can be utilized to capture semantical meaning, we utilize the dynamical features that are generated from a tourist walker in a networked environment. Specifically, a weighted combination of transient and cycle lengths are employed for that end. Furthermore, we show computer simulations with synthetic and widely accepted real-world data sets from the machine learning literature. Interestingly, our study shows that the proposed technique is able to further improve the already optimized performance of traditional classification techniques.
传统的数据分类只考虑输入数据的物理特征(例如几何或统计特征)。这里指的是低级分类。相比之下,人类(动物)的大脑执行低阶和高阶学习,并且它具有根据输入数据的语义识别模式的能力。不仅考虑物理属性而且考虑模式形成的数据分类在这里称为高级分类。在本文中,我们提出了一种结合低级和高级数据分类技术的替代技术。低级项可以通过任何分类技术来实现,而高级项是通过提取从输入数据中构造的底层网络特征(图)来实现的,它衡量测试实例与训练数据的模式形成的遵从性。在可以用来捕捉语义意义的各种高级视角中,我们利用了网络环境中游客步行者产生的动态特征。具体地说,为此目的采用了瞬态长度和周期长度的加权组合。此外,我们展示了来自机器学习文献的合成和广泛接受的真实世界数据集的计算机模拟。有趣的是,我们的研究表明,所提出的技术能够进一步提高传统分类技术已经优化的性能。
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引用次数: 3
Rock-Paper-Scissors WiSARD 剪刀WiSARD
Diego F. P. De Souza, Hugo C. C. Carneiro, F. França, P. Lima
This paper presents some strategies used for creating intelligent players of rock-paper-scissors using WiSARD weightless neural networks and results obtained therewith. These strategies included: (i) a new approach for encoding of the input data, (ii) three new training algorithms that allow the reclassification of the input patterns over time, (iii) a method for dealing with incomplete information in the input array, and (iv) a bluffing strategy. Experiments show that, in a tournament of intelligent agents, WiSARD-based agents were ranked among the 200 best players, one of them achieving 9th place for about three weeks.
本文介绍了利用WiSARD无重力神经网络创建剪刀石头布智能玩家的一些策略及其结果。这些策略包括:(i)输入数据编码的新方法,(ii)允许输入模式随时间重新分类的三种新训练算法,(iii)处理输入数组中不完整信息的方法,以及(iv)虚张声势策略。实验表明,在一场智能体比赛中,基于wisard的智能体被排在200名最佳选手中,其中一名获得了大约三周的第9名。
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引用次数: 7
A Parallel Multiobjective Approach to Evolving Cellular Automata Rules by Cell State Change Dynamics 基于元胞状态变化动力学的元胞自动机规则演化并行多目标方法
David Iclanzan, Camelia Chira
The complex regimes of operation situated between ordered and chaotic behavior are hypothesized to give rise to computational capabilities. Lacking an universal blueprint for the emergence of complexity, a costly search is typically used to find the configurations of distributed artificial systems that can facilitate global computation. In this paper, we address the tedious task of searching for complex cellular automata rules able to lead to a certain global behavior based on local interactions. The discovery of rules exhibiting a high degree of global self-organization is of major importance in the study and understanding of complex systems. A classical heuristic search guided only by a coarse approximation of the ability of a rule to perform in certain conditions will generally not reach beyond an ordered regime of operation. To overcome this limitation, in this paper we incorporate a promising heuristic that rewards increased dynamics with regard to cell state changes in a multiobjective, parallel evolutionary framework. The scope of the multiobjective formulation is to balance the search between ordered and chaotic regimes in order to facilitate the discovery of rules exhibiting complex behaviors. Experimental results confirm that the combined approach represents an efficient way for supporting the emergence of complexity as in all runs we were able to find cellular automata exhibiting a high degree of global self-organization.
位于有序和混沌行为之间的复杂操作制度被假设为产生计算能力。由于缺乏复杂性出现的通用蓝图,因此通常使用昂贵的搜索来寻找能够促进全局计算的分布式人工系统的配置。在本文中,我们解决了搜索复杂的元胞自动机规则的繁琐任务,这些规则能够导致基于局部相互作用的某种全局行为。发现具有高度全局自组织的规则对于研究和理解复杂系统具有重要意义。经典的启发式搜索仅以规则在某些条件下执行能力的粗略近似值为指导,通常不会超出有序的操作范围。为了克服这一限制,在本文中,我们采用了一种有前途的启发式方法,奖励在多目标并行进化框架中关于细胞状态变化的增加动态。多目标公式的范围是平衡有序和混沌状态之间的搜索,以便于发现显示复杂行为的规则。实验结果证实,组合方法代表了支持复杂性出现的有效方法,因为在所有运行中,我们能够发现元胞自动机表现出高度的全局自组织。
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引用次数: 0
Multispectral Image Classification Using Multilayer Perceptron and Principal Components Analysis 基于多层感知器和主成分分析的多光谱图像分类
Wanessa da Silva, M. Habermann, Elcio Hideiti Shiguemori, Leidiane do Livramento Andrade, Ruy Morgado de Castro
This work presents a methodology for pattern classification from multispectral images acquired by the HSS airborne sensor. In order to achieve this purpose, a conjunction of Artificial Neural Network and Principal Components Analysis has been used. The results indicate that this approach can be alternatively employed in multispectral images to separate materials with specific characteristics based on their reflectance properties.
本文提出了一种从HSS机载传感器获取的多光谱图像中进行模式分类的方法。为了达到这一目的,采用了人工神经网络与主成分分析相结合的方法。结果表明,该方法可以在多光谱图像中交替使用,以根据其反射率特性分离具有特定特征的材料。
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引用次数: 9
期刊
2013 BRICS Congress on Computational Intelligence and 11th Brazilian Congress on Computational Intelligence
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