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2013 BRICS Congress on Computational Intelligence and 11th Brazilian Congress on Computational Intelligence最新文献

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Semi-supervised Learning with Concept Drift Using Particle Dynamics Applied to Network Intrusion Detection Data 基于粒子动力学的概念漂移半监督学习在网络入侵检测数据中的应用
Fabricio A. Breve, Liang Zhao
Concept drift, which refers to non stationary learning problems over time, has increasing importance in machine learning and data mining. Many concept drift applications require fast response, which means an algorithm must always be (re)trained with the latest available data. But the process of data labeling is usually expensive and/or time consuming when compared to acquisition of unlabeled data, thus usually only a small fraction of the incoming data may be effectively labeled. Semi-supervised learning methods may help in this scenario, as they use both labeled and unlabeled data in the training process. However, most of them are based on assumptions that the data is static. Therefore, semi-supervised learning with concept drifts is still an open challenging task in machine learning. Recently, a particle competition and cooperation approach has been developed to realize graph-based semi-supervised learning from static data. We have extend that approach to handle data streams and concept drift. The result is a passive algorithm which uses a single classifier approach, naturally adapted to concept changes without any explicit drift detection mechanism. It has built-in mechanisms that provide a natural way of learning from new data, gradually "forgetting" older knowledge as older data items are no longer useful for the classification of newer data items. The proposed algorithm is applied to the KDD Cup 1999 Data of network intrusion, showing its effectiveness.
概念漂移是指随着时间推移的非平稳学习问题,在机器学习和数据挖掘中越来越重要。许多概念漂移应用需要快速响应,这意味着算法必须始终使用最新可用数据进行(重新)训练。但是,与获取未标记的数据相比,数据标记的过程通常是昂贵的和/或耗时的,因此通常只有一小部分传入数据可以有效地标记。在这种情况下,半监督学习方法可能会有所帮助,因为它们在训练过程中同时使用标记和未标记的数据。然而,它们中的大多数都是基于数据是静态的假设。因此,带有概念漂移的半监督学习仍然是机器学习中一个开放的具有挑战性的任务。近年来,人们提出了一种粒子竞争与合作的方法来实现基于图的静态数据半监督学习。我们已经扩展了这种方法来处理数据流和概念漂移。结果是使用单一分类器方法的被动算法,自然地适应概念变化,没有任何显式的漂移检测机制。它具有内置的机制,提供了一种从新数据中学习的自然方式,随着旧数据项对新数据项的分类不再有用,逐渐“忘记”旧知识。将该算法应用于KDD Cup 1999网络入侵数据,验证了算法的有效性。
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引用次数: 12
Bayesian Optimization Algorithm with Random Immigration 随机迁移贝叶斯优化算法
Erik Alexandre Pucci, Aurora Trinidad Ramirez Pozo, E. Spinosa
Estimation of Distribution Algorithms (EDA) are stochastic population based search algorithms that use a distribution model of the population to create new candidate solutions. One problem that directly affects the EDAs' ability to find the best solutions is the premature convergence to some local optimum due to diversity loss. Inspired by the Random Immigrants technique, this paper presents the Bayesian Optimization Algorithm with Random Immigration (BOARI). The algorithm generates and migrates random individuals as a way to improve the performance of the Bayesian Optimization Algorithm (BOA) by maintaining the genetic diversity of the population along the generations. The proposed approach has been evaluated and compared to BOA using benchmark functions. Results indicate that, with appropriate settings, the algorithm is able to achieve better solutions than the standard BOA for these functions.
分布估计算法(EDA)是一种基于随机总体的搜索算法,它使用总体的分布模型来创建新的候选解。直接影响eda寻找最优解能力的一个问题是由于多样性损失导致的过早收敛到局部最优。受随机移民技术的启发,提出了随机移民贝叶斯优化算法(BOARI)。该算法生成并迁移随机个体,通过保持种群世代遗传多样性来提高贝叶斯优化算法(BOA)的性能。使用基准函数对提议的方法进行了评估并与BOA进行了比较。结果表明,在适当的设置下,该算法能够获得比标准BOA更好的解。
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引用次数: 0
Efficient Community Detection in Large Scale Networks 大规模网络中的高效社群检测
Vinicius da F Vieira, C. R. Xavier, Alexandre Evsukoff
One of the most important features of a network is its division into communities, groups of nodes with many internal and few external connections. Furthermore, the community structure of a network can be organized hierarchically, which reflects a natural behavior of real life phenomena. It is a difficult task to detect and understand the community structure of a network and it becomes even more challenging as data availability (and networks sizes) increases. This work presents a efficient implementation for community detection in networks aiming on modularity maximization based on the Newman's spectral method with a fine tuning(FT) stage. This work presents a modification on the FT which substantially reduces the execution time, while preserving the division quality. A high performance implementation of the method enables their application to large real world networks. The Newman's spectral method can be applied to networks with more than 1 million nodes in a personal computer.
网络最重要的特征之一是它被划分为社区,即具有许多内部连接和很少外部连接的节点组。此外,网络的社区结构可以分层组织,这反映了现实生活现象的自然行为。检测和理解网络的社区结构是一项困难的任务,随着数据可用性(和网络规模)的增加,这项任务变得更加具有挑战性。本研究提出了一种基于微调(FT)阶段的纽曼谱方法,针对模块化最大化的网络社区检测的有效实现。这项工作提出了一种改进的FT,大大减少了执行时间,同时保持了分割质量。该方法的高性能实现使其能够应用于大型现实世界的网络。纽曼谱方法可以应用于个人计算机中超过100万个节点的网络。
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引用次数: 1
A New Fuzzy Clustering Validity Index Based on Fuzzy Proximity Matrices 一种新的基于模糊接近矩阵的模糊聚类有效性指标
Rafael Xavier Valente, Antonio Braga, W. Pedrycz
This paper presents a new validity index for fuzzy partitions generated by the fuzzy c-means algorithm. The proposed validity index is based on the calculation of factors from the proximity matrix generated from the membership matrix generated by a fuzzy clustering partition algorithm, such as FCM. The experimental results show that the proposed approach is consistent with other well-known metrics and with the dataset structure as observed from Proximity Matrices.
针对模糊c均值算法生成的模糊分区,提出了一种新的有效性指标。提出的有效性指标是基于模糊聚类划分算法(如FCM)生成的隶属度矩阵产生的接近矩阵计算因子。实验结果表明,该方法与其他已知的度量方法一致,并且与接近矩阵的数据集结构一致。
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引用次数: 2
Resistant Regression for Interval-Valued Data 区间值数据的抵抗回归
Jobson Renan, J. Silva, S. Galdino
This paper introduces two new approaches to fit univariate resistant linear regression models on interval-valued data. Linear regressions on interval-valued data gives point predictions. The prediction of the lower and upper bounds from interval-valued data of dependent variable are estimated from the fitted range resistant linear regression model. The new proposed methods should be used in presence of outliers.
本文介绍了两种拟合区间值数据单变量抗线性回归模型的新方法。区间值数据的线性回归给出了点预测。根据拟合的抗极差线性回归模型估计因变量区间值数据的下界和上界的预测。新提出的方法应在存在异常值的情况下使用。
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引用次数: 0
Predicting the Performance of Job Applicants by Means of Genetic Programming 基于遗传规划的求职者绩效预测
D. A. Augusto, H. Bernardino, H. Barbosa
Since their early development, genetic programming-based algorithms have been showing to be successful at challenging problems, attaining several human-competitive results and other awards. This paper will present another achievement of such algorithms by describing how our team has won an international machine-learning competition. We have solved, by means of grammar-based genetic programming techniques, a real-world problem of meritocracy in jobs by evolving classifiers that were both accurate and human-readable.
自早期发展以来,基于遗传编程的算法已经在挑战性问题上取得了成功,获得了几个与人类竞争的结果和其他奖项。本文将通过描述我们的团队如何赢得国际机器学习竞赛来展示此类算法的另一项成就。我们通过基于语法的遗传编程技术,通过进化出既准确又可读的分类器,解决了现实世界中工作中的精英问题。
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引用次数: 4
Pattern-Based Classification via a High Level Approach Using Tourist Walks in Networks 基于模式的高级分类方法在旅游网络中的应用
T. C. Silva, Liang Zhao
Traditional data classification considers only physical features (e.g., geometrical or statistical features) of the input data. Here, it is referred to low level classification. In contrast, the human (animal) brain performs both low and high orders of learning and it has facility in identifying patterns according to the semantic meaning of the input data. Data classification that considers not only physical attributes but also the pattern formation is here called high level classification. In this paper, we present an alternative technique which combines both low and high level data classification techniques. The low level term can be implemented by any classification technique, while the high level term is realized by means of the extraction of the underlying network's features (graph) constructed from the input data, which measures the compliance of the test instances with the pattern formation of the training data. Out of various high level perspectives that can be utilized to capture semantical meaning, we utilize the dynamical features that are generated from a tourist walker in a networked environment. Specifically, a weighted combination of transient and cycle lengths are employed for that end. Furthermore, we show computer simulations with synthetic and widely accepted real-world data sets from the machine learning literature. Interestingly, our study shows that the proposed technique is able to further improve the already optimized performance of traditional classification techniques.
传统的数据分类只考虑输入数据的物理特征(例如几何或统计特征)。这里指的是低级分类。相比之下,人类(动物)的大脑执行低阶和高阶学习,并且它具有根据输入数据的语义识别模式的能力。不仅考虑物理属性而且考虑模式形成的数据分类在这里称为高级分类。在本文中,我们提出了一种结合低级和高级数据分类技术的替代技术。低级项可以通过任何分类技术来实现,而高级项是通过提取从输入数据中构造的底层网络特征(图)来实现的,它衡量测试实例与训练数据的模式形成的遵从性。在可以用来捕捉语义意义的各种高级视角中,我们利用了网络环境中游客步行者产生的动态特征。具体地说,为此目的采用了瞬态长度和周期长度的加权组合。此外,我们展示了来自机器学习文献的合成和广泛接受的真实世界数据集的计算机模拟。有趣的是,我们的研究表明,所提出的技术能够进一步提高传统分类技术已经优化的性能。
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引用次数: 3
Bi-dimensional Neural Equalizer Applied to Optical Receiver 二维神经均衡器在光接收机中的应用
Tiago F. B. de Sousa, Marcelo A. C. Fernandes
Optical fibers are commonly used in communications today, mainly because that the data transmission rates of those systems are faster than those in any other digital communication system. Despite this great advantage, some problems prevent the full use of optical connection: by increasing transmission rates over longer distances, the data is affected by non-linear inter-symbol interference caused by the dispersion phenomena in the fiber. Adaptive equalizers can be used to compensate for the effects caused by channel non-linear responses, restoring the originally transmitted signal. The present study discusses a proposal based on artificial neural networks, a neural equalizer. The proposal is validated through a simulated optic channel and the comparison with other adaptive equalization techniques.
光纤在当今的通信中被广泛使用,主要是因为这些系统的数据传输速率比任何其他数字通信系统都要快。尽管有这种巨大的优势,一些问题阻碍了光连接的充分利用:在长距离上增加传输速率,数据受到光纤中色散现象引起的非线性符号间干扰的影响。自适应均衡器可用于补偿由信道非线性响应引起的影响,恢复原始传输信号。本研究讨论了一种基于人工神经网络的神经均衡器。通过模拟光通道并与其他自适应均衡技术进行了比较,验证了该方案的有效性。
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引用次数: 1
Use of Statistical Control for Improved Demand Forecasting 使用统计控制改进需求预测
E. Christo, M. Ferreira, K. C. Alonso
The forecasting demand is the basis of strategic planning for production, sales and finances of any company. They are used for planning and control of production for planning productive system (long term) and the using (short term) of this system. With the increasing of the competition in the automobile market, there are, consequently, the increasing of concerning about establishing a balance between offering and demand of vehicles. Then come the need to calculate statistical predictions of future demands, which are translated into a real approximation of future events of the company in question. Thus, this work is divided in two stages: first - find out the best forecasting model (lower mean percentage of error between the actual and predicted) for the vehicle demand, second - analyze the residuals control charts of the best forecasting model so that to observe and draw the points that may be outside the control limits. The main goal is to plan the production of vehicle sales within a stipulated period and create scenarios for future periods.
需求预测是任何公司生产、销售和财务战略规划的基础。它们用于计划和控制生产,计划生产系统(长期)和使用(短期)该系统。随着汽车市场竞争的日益激烈,建立汽车供需平衡的问题日益引起人们的关注。然后,需要计算未来需求的统计预测,将其转化为有关公司未来事件的真实近似值。因此,本工作分为两个阶段:首先,找出汽车需求的最佳预测模型(实际与预测之间的平均误差百分比更低),其次,分析最佳预测模型的残差控制图,观察并绘制可能超出控制范围的点。主要目标是计划在规定时期内的汽车销售产量,并为未来时期创造情景。
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引用次数: 2
Monitoring Diesel Fuels with Supervised Distance Preserving Projections and Local Linear Regression 用监督距离保持投影和局部线性回归监测柴油燃料
F. Corona, Zhanxing Zhu, Amauri H. Souza Junior, M. Mulas, G. Barreto, R. Baratti
In this work, we discuss a recently proposed approach for supervised dimensionality reduction, the Supervised Distance Preserving Projection (SDPP) and, we investigate its applicability to monitoring material's properties from spectroscopic observations using Local Linear Regression (LLR). An experimental evaluation is conducted to show the performance of the SDPP and LLR and compare it with a number of state-of-the-art approaches for unsupervised and supervised dimensionality reduction. For the task, the results obtained on a benchmark problem consisting of a set of NIR spectra of diesel fuels and six different chemico-physical properties of those fuels are discussed. Based on the experimental results, the SDPP leads to accurate and parsimonious projections that can be effectively used in the design of estimation models based on local linear regression.
在这项工作中,我们讨论了最近提出的一种监督降维方法,即监督距离保持投影(SDPP),并研究了它在利用局部线性回归(LLR)从光谱观测中监测材料性质方面的适用性。进行了实验评估,以显示SDPP和LLR的性能,并将其与许多最先进的无监督和有监督降维方法进行比较。为此,讨论了由柴油近红外光谱和六种不同化学物理性质组成的基准问题的结果。实验结果表明,SDPP预测结果准确、简洁,可有效地用于基于局部线性回归的估计模型设计。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2013 BRICS Congress on Computational Intelligence and 11th Brazilian Congress on Computational Intelligence
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