Pub Date : 2023-10-08DOI: 10.26794/2226-7867-2023-13-4-140-146
A. Y. Kormazov
The article is devoted to the study of the experience of using Soviet small arms during the Great Patriotic War. The author analyzes changes in tactical training and development of weapons throughout the entire period of the war are analyzed. The process of improving the small arms of the Red army is shown on the example of combat operations. It is concluded that due to close cooperation and the widespread use of new types of weapons and the development of new tactics the Soviet Union was able to defeat the enemy on its territory, and later in Europe.
{"title":"Tactics of Use of small arms Weapons in Combat operations during the Great Patriotic War","authors":"A. Y. Kormazov","doi":"10.26794/2226-7867-2023-13-4-140-146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26794/2226-7867-2023-13-4-140-146","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the study of the experience of using Soviet small arms during the Great Patriotic War. The author analyzes changes in tactical training and development of weapons throughout the entire period of the war are analyzed. The process of improving the small arms of the Red army is shown on the example of combat operations. It is concluded that due to close cooperation and the widespread use of new types of weapons and the development of new tactics the Soviet Union was able to defeat the enemy on its territory, and later in Europe.","PeriodicalId":309364,"journal":{"name":"ГУМАНИТАРНЫЕ НАУКИ","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135198205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-08DOI: 10.26794/2226-7867-2023-13-4-115-119
A. V. Bredikhin, T. S. Yadykina
The Kashmir crisis has a protracted multi-year character and its relevance in today’s scholarly discourse is characterised by a global confrontation between East and West. Apart from the main actors India and Pakistan, there are a number of stakeholders, the first of which is China. Beijing’s longstanding support to Islamabad has contributed to the latter’s military capabilities. China’s strengthening is also taking place around India’s borders. The authors of the study aim to analyse the current situation, clearly defining the role of the Chinese side in it.
{"title":"China’s Particular influence on the Nature of the Kashmir Сrisis","authors":"A. V. Bredikhin, T. S. Yadykina","doi":"10.26794/2226-7867-2023-13-4-115-119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26794/2226-7867-2023-13-4-115-119","url":null,"abstract":"The Kashmir crisis has a protracted multi-year character and its relevance in today’s scholarly discourse is characterised by a global confrontation between East and West. Apart from the main actors India and Pakistan, there are a number of stakeholders, the first of which is China. Beijing’s longstanding support to Islamabad has contributed to the latter’s military capabilities. China’s strengthening is also taking place around India’s borders. The authors of the study aim to analyse the current situation, clearly defining the role of the Chinese side in it.","PeriodicalId":309364,"journal":{"name":"ГУМАНИТАРНЫЕ НАУКИ","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135198023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-08DOI: 10.26794/2226-7867-2023-13-4-77-84
S. L. Chepel
The article examines the influence of the institutional factor on the dynamics of electoral volatility in post- communist European countries. The party and electoral systems were chosen as institutional variables. It is noted that a noticeable influence on the level of electoral mobility in the group of countries under consideration is not segmentation, but polarization of party systems. The author emphasizes that the small ideological distance between the parties competing in the electoral field hinders the formation of stable party identification of voters, which contributes to the growth of electoral volatility. The author comes to the conclusion that the institutional factor as a whole has a limited effect on the dynamics of changing party preferences of voters. Therefore it should be recognized that the factor of political culture continues to have a predominant impact on the electoral behavior of citizens of post-communist European countries.
{"title":"The impact of institutional factor on the dynamics of electoral Volatility in Post-Communist Countries of europe","authors":"S. L. Chepel","doi":"10.26794/2226-7867-2023-13-4-77-84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26794/2226-7867-2023-13-4-77-84","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the influence of the institutional factor on the dynamics of electoral volatility in post- communist European countries. The party and electoral systems were chosen as institutional variables. It is noted that a noticeable influence on the level of electoral mobility in the group of countries under consideration is not segmentation, but polarization of party systems. The author emphasizes that the small ideological distance between the parties competing in the electoral field hinders the formation of stable party identification of voters, which contributes to the growth of electoral volatility. The author comes to the conclusion that the institutional factor as a whole has a limited effect on the dynamics of changing party preferences of voters. Therefore it should be recognized that the factor of political culture continues to have a predominant impact on the electoral behavior of citizens of post-communist European countries.","PeriodicalId":309364,"journal":{"name":"ГУМАНИТАРНЫЕ НАУКИ","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135198196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-08DOI: 10.26794/2226-7867-2023-13-4-58-63
V. V. Zubov
This article examines the problem of regressive political transit in Germany in the 20–30s of the last century, which led to the transition from the bourgeois-democratic Weimar Republic to the criminal terrorist regime of the Third Reich. The general theoretical provisions on political transit are revealed, the influence of political transformation on all components of society is analyzed. The course of changes in the way of life and militarization of the German economy is outlined, the homogenization of the political field that led to the establishment of a one-party dictatorship is described, the political and philosophical features of the unification of the ideological field are revealed. It is noted that the totalitarian nature of transit was postulated both by the Nazis themselves, who saw in the comprehensive absorption of society the benefit and expression of their own power, and by convinced opponents of the racist dictatorship, who rightly opposed total expansion, irredentism and anti-semitism. In conclusion, it is stated that in the sphere of power relations, the Nazi transit entailed the complete sterilization of the political field, the purification of space from competitive forces through intimidation and destruction, a change in the way of life from mixed to command-administrative with a bias towards militarization took place in the economy, a single nazi idea of racial domination was established in the spiritual and moral sphere the “aryans” and the apology of force, aggression and suppression was fixed
{"title":"Political transit in Germany in the 20–30s XX Century: background, Course, features","authors":"V. V. Zubov","doi":"10.26794/2226-7867-2023-13-4-58-63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26794/2226-7867-2023-13-4-58-63","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the problem of regressive political transit in Germany in the 20–30s of the last century, which led to the transition from the bourgeois-democratic Weimar Republic to the criminal terrorist regime of the Third Reich. The general theoretical provisions on political transit are revealed, the influence of political transformation on all components of society is analyzed. The course of changes in the way of life and militarization of the German economy is outlined, the homogenization of the political field that led to the establishment of a one-party dictatorship is described, the political and philosophical features of the unification of the ideological field are revealed. It is noted that the totalitarian nature of transit was postulated both by the Nazis themselves, who saw in the comprehensive absorption of society the benefit and expression of their own power, and by convinced opponents of the racist dictatorship, who rightly opposed total expansion, irredentism and anti-semitism. In conclusion, it is stated that in the sphere of power relations, the Nazi transit entailed the complete sterilization of the political field, the purification of space from competitive forces through intimidation and destruction, a change in the way of life from mixed to command-administrative with a bias towards militarization took place in the economy, a single nazi idea of racial domination was established in the spiritual and moral sphere the “aryans” and the apology of force, aggression and suppression was fixed","PeriodicalId":309364,"journal":{"name":"ГУМАНИТАРНЫЕ НАУКИ","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135198021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-05DOI: 10.26794/2226-7867-2023-13-4-47-52
E. I. Zamaraeva
The relevance of the article is due to the need for a full-fledged scientific analysis of the achievements of the Soviet era, which made an exceptional contribution to the world socio-cultural space, demonstrating unprecedented results in various spheres of human life. The author analyzes, first of all, the sphere of education as a key factor in socio-cultural development. It is noted that the “Soviet project” gave a unique experience of a breakthrough in the field of education in its various directions. It is stated that the Soviet GOELRO plan became no less decisive, laying the foundations for systemic industrialization. An analysis of the main achievements of the “Soviet project” in the field of economics allows us to conclude that the growth of economic indicators determines colossal changes in the entire socio-cultural paradigm of the Soviet society, which, in turn, determines the values and the general way of life of the Soviet people. The author concludes that the “Soviet project” is a colossal socio-cultural breakthrough in the history of mankind, and the analysis of the best achievements of this project will allow us to avoid such mistakes and miscalculations in the future and bring our country to new heights, strengthen its sovereignty and confidently go into the future.
{"title":"Sociocultural achievements of the “soviet Project” as a Vector of World social development","authors":"E. I. Zamaraeva","doi":"10.26794/2226-7867-2023-13-4-47-52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26794/2226-7867-2023-13-4-47-52","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of the article is due to the need for a full-fledged scientific analysis of the achievements of the Soviet era, which made an exceptional contribution to the world socio-cultural space, demonstrating unprecedented results in various spheres of human life. The author analyzes, first of all, the sphere of education as a key factor in socio-cultural development. It is noted that the “Soviet project” gave a unique experience of a breakthrough in the field of education in its various directions. It is stated that the Soviet GOELRO plan became no less decisive, laying the foundations for systemic industrialization. An analysis of the main achievements of the “Soviet project” in the field of economics allows us to conclude that the growth of economic indicators determines colossal changes in the entire socio-cultural paradigm of the Soviet society, which, in turn, determines the values and the general way of life of the Soviet people. The author concludes that the “Soviet project” is a colossal socio-cultural breakthrough in the history of mankind, and the analysis of the best achievements of this project will allow us to avoid such mistakes and miscalculations in the future and bring our country to new heights, strengthen its sovereignty and confidently go into the future.","PeriodicalId":309364,"journal":{"name":"ГУМАНИТАРНЫЕ НАУКИ","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135546491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-05DOI: 10.26794/2226-7867-2023-13-4-40-46
E. А. Timofeeva
The article is devoted to the problems of the state approach to the implementation of youth policy in democratic countries. The author analyzes the trends in the orientation of youth policy in the United States of America, European countries, as well as the in the Russian Federation. The relevance of this study is due to the changes that are now occurring in all spheres of life of the world community, destabilising the policy of many developing and developed states by influencing its economic and social sphere. In the course of analyzing the effectiveness of the implementation of youth policy in these countries, the author comes to the conclusion that there is an urgent need to create a scientifically based methodology for the implementation of international youth policy.
{"title":"Theoretical and Methodological foundations of the study of state Youth Policy in the Conditions of the development of a democratic state","authors":"E. А. Timofeeva","doi":"10.26794/2226-7867-2023-13-4-40-46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26794/2226-7867-2023-13-4-40-46","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the problems of the state approach to the implementation of youth policy in democratic countries. The author analyzes the trends in the orientation of youth policy in the United States of America, European countries, as well as the in the Russian Federation. The relevance of this study is due to the changes that are now occurring in all spheres of life of the world community, destabilising the policy of many developing and developed states by influencing its economic and social sphere. In the course of analyzing the effectiveness of the implementation of youth policy in these countries, the author comes to the conclusion that there is an urgent need to create a scientifically based methodology for the implementation of international youth policy.","PeriodicalId":309364,"journal":{"name":"ГУМАНИТАРНЫЕ НАУКИ","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135546644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-05DOI: 10.26794/2226-7867-2023-13-4-30-39
V. V. Vorozhikhin, Е. I. Larionova
As challenges and uncertainties and risks are forming, the competition of countries for a better future is intensifying, and the number of studies and publications of multimillion global scientific community is growing, the role and importance of adequate description, accessibility and practical use of global knowledge is continuously increasing. Ontologies are becoming a tool for organizing both scientific and practical activities. As the world develops and becomes more complex, the importance and role of human beings grows — accordingly, the significance of ontologies in the social and behavioral sciences and the possibilities of their application for the purposeful creation of a better future grows significantly. Mastering modern digital approaches to creating dynamic ontologies and their application becomes the key to the development of a globally significant unique national project to create a better future for Russia and competitive strategic management of its sustainability.
{"title":"On the significance of Modern social and behavioral ontologies","authors":"V. V. Vorozhikhin, Е. I. Larionova","doi":"10.26794/2226-7867-2023-13-4-30-39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26794/2226-7867-2023-13-4-30-39","url":null,"abstract":"As challenges and uncertainties and risks are forming, the competition of countries for a better future is intensifying, and the number of studies and publications of multimillion global scientific community is growing, the role and importance of adequate description, accessibility and practical use of global knowledge is continuously increasing. Ontologies are becoming a tool for organizing both scientific and practical activities. As the world develops and becomes more complex, the importance and role of human beings grows — accordingly, the significance of ontologies in the social and behavioral sciences and the possibilities of their application for the purposeful creation of a better future grows significantly. Mastering modern digital approaches to creating dynamic ontologies and their application becomes the key to the development of a globally significant unique national project to create a better future for Russia and competitive strategic management of its sustainability.","PeriodicalId":309364,"journal":{"name":"ГУМАНИТАРНЫЕ НАУКИ","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135546492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-04DOI: 10.26794/2226-7867-2023-13-4-6-12
A. V. Ponedelkov, A. M. Starostin, Ya. A. Plyais
The article analyzes the development of political — elitist (elitological) thought as a special paradigm in political science. Its specificity lies in the representation of the most significant subjective trigger of the political process. The authors consider the main points of the development of political elitology in modern Russia. Special attention is paid to the Rostov Scientific School of Political Elitology. The most significant scientific provisions and characteristics proposed within the framework of this school are highlighted: the civilizational conditionality of elitogenesis; the principle of elitological paradigmatization in political science; proto-elite status of the modern elite-forming process; factors of elite marginalization; new trends of the elite-forming process; the role of postmodern methodology in modern elitology.
{"title":"Modern russian Political elitology: Paradigmatic and inclusive Perspectives of development","authors":"A. V. Ponedelkov, A. M. Starostin, Ya. A. Plyais","doi":"10.26794/2226-7867-2023-13-4-6-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26794/2226-7867-2023-13-4-6-12","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the development of political — elitist (elitological) thought as a special paradigm in political science. Its specificity lies in the representation of the most significant subjective trigger of the political process. The authors consider the main points of the development of political elitology in modern Russia. Special attention is paid to the Rostov Scientific School of Political Elitology. The most significant scientific provisions and characteristics proposed within the framework of this school are highlighted: the civilizational conditionality of elitogenesis; the principle of elitological paradigmatization in political science; proto-elite status of the modern elite-forming process; factors of elite marginalization; new trends of the elite-forming process; the role of postmodern methodology in modern elitology.","PeriodicalId":309364,"journal":{"name":"ГУМАНИТАРНЫЕ НАУКИ","volume":"214 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135646727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-04DOI: 10.26794/2226-7867-2023-13-4-20-29
R. V. Parma
The article deals with various aspects of Russian studies of patriotism within the framework of the theory of generations. The subject of the analysis was the patriotic values and attitudes of Russian citizens in the context and conditions of the reorganization and restructuring of the world order. Based on the sociological research data, the author comes to the conclusion about the high level of political consolidation of the Russian society and significant differences between generations in the content of patriotism. The prospects for further research of patriotism in Russian society are connected with the application of a complex methodology that reveals not only values and attitudes, but also frames, motivation, and models of behaviour in extraordinary conditions.
{"title":"Patriotism of Generations in Modern russian society","authors":"R. V. Parma","doi":"10.26794/2226-7867-2023-13-4-20-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26794/2226-7867-2023-13-4-20-29","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with various aspects of Russian studies of patriotism within the framework of the theory of generations. The subject of the analysis was the patriotic values and attitudes of Russian citizens in the context and conditions of the reorganization and restructuring of the world order. Based on the sociological research data, the author comes to the conclusion about the high level of political consolidation of the Russian society and significant differences between generations in the content of patriotism. The prospects for further research of patriotism in Russian society are connected with the application of a complex methodology that reveals not only values and attitudes, but also frames, motivation, and models of behaviour in extraordinary conditions.","PeriodicalId":309364,"journal":{"name":"ГУМАНИТАРНЫЕ НАУКИ","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135646729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-04DOI: 10.26794/2226-7867-2023-13-4-13-19
E. А. Pondo
The article is devoted to assessing the need of the labor market for personnel with certain flexible skills, the so-called “soft-skills”. A literary review of scientific papers devoted to similar research issues is carried out, based on the data obtained, an expanded concept of the term “social competence” is presented. A detailed analysis of existing employers’ requests for the possession of a particular social competence by potential employees in the current conditions has revealed a number of “basic” and “composite” social competencies, which will allow further research to study the peculiarities of the combination of certain positions when considering employers’ requirements for candidates for vacant positions in various industries and spheres.
{"title":"Social Competencies in the development of the Professional Potential of Young People","authors":"E. А. Pondo","doi":"10.26794/2226-7867-2023-13-4-13-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26794/2226-7867-2023-13-4-13-19","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to assessing the need of the labor market for personnel with certain flexible skills, the so-called “soft-skills”. A literary review of scientific papers devoted to similar research issues is carried out, based on the data obtained, an expanded concept of the term “social competence” is presented. A detailed analysis of existing employers’ requests for the possession of a particular social competence by potential employees in the current conditions has revealed a number of “basic” and “composite” social competencies, which will allow further research to study the peculiarities of the combination of certain positions when considering employers’ requirements for candidates for vacant positions in various industries and spheres.","PeriodicalId":309364,"journal":{"name":"ГУМАНИТАРНЫЕ НАУКИ","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135646728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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