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Melodies of Speech 语言的旋律
Pub Date : 2019-01-17 DOI: 10.1093/OSO/9780190618216.003.0013
M. Jones
The focus in this chapter is on fast speech events. Specifically, it centers upon the melodies of speech created by vocal modulations of micro-driving rhythms associated with a speaker’s fundamental frequency. Briefly, it is about vocal intonation patterns in speech. Theoretically, it concentrates on a listener’s ability to engage pitch tracking (i.e., frequency following) to follow a speaker’s changing vocal pitch. To describe pitch tracking, pitch contrasts arising from vocal modulations are formalized using the important entrainment construct of a detuning curve. This methodology is described in detail. A derivative of this curve is the isolation of pitch accents as extreme pitch contrasts. The remainder of this chapter focuses on the role of pitch accents in outlining slower macro-rhythms of intonation that invite either traditional mode-locking (hence global attractors) or transient mode-locking (hence attractor profiles).
本章的重点是快速言语事件。具体来说,它集中在由与说话者基本频率相关的微驱动节奏的声音调制所产生的语言旋律上。简而言之,它是关于语音语调模式的。从理论上讲,它集中于听者参与音高跟踪(即频率跟踪)的能力,以跟随说话者不断变化的音高。为了描述音高跟踪,使用失谐曲线的重要干扰构造形式化了由人声调制引起的音高对比。详细描述了这种方法。这条曲线的衍生物是音高重音作为极端音高对比的隔离。本章的其余部分将重点讨论音调重音在概述较慢的语调宏观节奏中的作用,这些节奏会引起传统模式锁定(因此是全局吸引子)或瞬态模式锁定(因此是吸引子轮廓)。
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Time Will Tell
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