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Investigating the Corrosion Behavior of Roller Plates in Two Environments of C60 Water and Fresh Water in a Pelletizing Unit 研究造粒装置中的辊板在 C60 水和淡水两种环境下的腐蚀行为
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.47176/jame.42.1.1021
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引用次数: 0
Spark Plasma Sintering of Alumina- 15 wt.% Ceria Powder Prepared by Sol-Gel Method 溶胶-凝胶法制备氧化铝- 15%氧化铈粉体的放电等离子烧结研究
Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.47176/jame.41.4.1006
In the present research, alumina-ceria particles were synthesized by a sol-gel method. The produced particles were characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Then, alumina matrix composites containing 15 wt.% of ceria were densified under 80 MPa pressure at different temperatures by spark plasma sintering process. X-ray diffraction results showed that the powder produced before heat treatment has an amorphous structure, while alumina and ceria phases are formed after calcination at 800 °C. The produced particles have an average particle size of 250 nm. The effect of sintering temperature on the density of samples, grain size, and hardness of composites was investigated. The samples were densified at about 1400 °C, reaching a density of about 97% of the theoretical density. The microstructure analysis revealed that the composite grains have grown with increasing sintering temperature. The results declared that increasing the temperature and pressure in the sintering process enhances the density of the samples. The Vickers hardness of the composites increased with increasing sintering temperature, as the composite samples sintered at 1400 °C for 20 minutes at a pressure of 80 MPa had the highest Vickers hardness of about 15.3 GPa.
在本研究中,采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了氧化铝-铈颗粒。用x射线衍射和扫描电镜对所制备的颗粒进行了表征。然后,在不同温度下,在80 MPa压力下,用火花等离子烧结技术致密化氧化铈含量为15 wt.%的氧化铝基复合材料。x射线衍射结果表明,热处理前生产的粉末具有非晶结构,而800℃煅烧后形成氧化铝和铈相。所生产的颗粒的平均粒径为250纳米。研究了烧结温度对样品密度、晶粒尺寸和复合材料硬度的影响。样品在1400℃左右致密化,密度达到理论密度的97%左右。显微组织分析表明,随着烧结温度的升高,复合材料晶粒逐渐长大。结果表明,在烧结过程中提高温度和压力可以提高样品的密度。复合材料的维氏硬度随烧结温度的升高而升高,在1400℃、80 MPa压力下烧结20分钟后,复合材料的维氏硬度最高,约为15.3 GPa。
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引用次数: 0
Synthesis of Mesophase Carbon Microbeads from Soft Bitumen and Coal Tar by Liquid Phase Carbonization Method 以软沥青和煤焦油为原料液相炭化法制备中间相炭微珠
Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.47176/jame.41.4.24501
In this research, coal tar and soft bitumen were used as raw materials and the low-cost liquid phase carbonization (LCP) method was employed to synthesize mesophase carbon microbeads. First, the effect of temperature, time, and various pressures on the synthesis of mesophase bitumen was investigated. Also, the effect of various solvents on the synthesis efficiency of mesophase carbon microbeads was evaluated. The structural and chemical characteristics of the mesophase carbon microbeads were evaluated using field emission scanning electron Microscopy (FESEM), X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results showed that the pressure of 7 bar and extraction with solvent of pyridine had a great effect on the morphology, removal of impurities in raw materials, and production efficiency. Also, the results of XRD and SEM revealed that mesophase carbon microbeads were not always spherical in shape.
本研究以煤焦油和软质沥青为原料,采用低成本液相炭化(LCP)法制备中间相碳微珠。首先,研究了温度、时间和各种压力对中间相沥青合成的影响。同时,考察了不同溶剂对中间相碳微珠合成效率的影响。采用场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)、x射线能谱(EDS)、x射线衍射(XRD)、拉曼光谱(Raman)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)对中间相碳微珠的结构和化学特性进行了表征。结果表明,7 bar的压力和吡啶溶剂的萃取对原料的形貌、杂质的去除率和生产效率都有很大的影响。同时,XRD和SEM的分析结果表明,中间相碳微珠并不总是呈球形。
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引用次数: 0
Investigating Corrosion Behavior of Hard Coatings of Iron-base Electrodes Containing Carbide Elements 含碳化物铁基电极硬质镀层的腐蚀行为研究
Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.47176/jame.41.4.17861
In this research, using the manual shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) process, a wear-resistant layer was created by AMA1600v, AMA1622v, and AMA1623v hard coating electrodes on the St37 carbon mild steel, and the effect of the number of welding passes on the microstructure and corrosion resistance of the coatings was evaluated. For this purpose, optical microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used. The results showed a distribution of different carbide deposits in the microstructure of the coating metals. The deposits were complexs of the carbides of chromium, molybdenum, and vanadium. The results of the XRD demostrated the presence of martensite, austenite, chromium carbide, and molybdenum carbide phases in all three coating metals. Tungsten carbide (W2C) was observed only in the AMA1623v sample. The results of the Tafel polarization test showed that the bare and the 1622v samples had the highest corrosion current density (15.23 µA/cm2 and 7.06 µA/cm2, rspectively) among the under-studied samples, and therefore had the highest corrosion rate and the lowest corrosion resistance. Also, the results of the test showed that the corrosion current density of the 1600v sample (6.29 µA/cm2) was higher than that obtained for the 1623v sample (4.80 µA/cm2), which revealed the lower corrosion resistance of the 1600v sample. In addition, according to the results of the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis, the highest charge transfer resistance and coating resistance with the values of 6.3 kOhm.cm2 and 68.5 Ohm.cm2, respectively, belonged to the 1623v sample, which was also proven by the polarization test. Moreover, the lowest charge transfer resistance and coating resistance among the coated samples with the values of 2.73 kOhm.cm2 and 42.5 Ohm.cm2, respectively, belonged to the 1622v sample.
本研究采用手工保护金属电弧焊(SMAW)工艺,将AMA1600v、AMA1622v和AMA1623v硬质涂层电极在St37碳低碳钢上形成耐磨层,并评估焊接道次对涂层组织和耐蚀性的影响。为此,采用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、x射线能谱仪(EDS)和x射线衍射仪(XRD)进行研究。结果表明,涂层金属组织中分布着不同类型的碳化物沉积。这些沉积物是铬、钼和钒碳化物的络合物。XRD结果表明,三种涂层金属均存在马氏体、奥氏体、碳化铬和碳化钼相。仅在AMA1623v样品中观察到碳化钨(W2C)。Tafel极化测试结果表明,裸层和1622v层的腐蚀电流密度最高(分别为15.23µA/cm2和7.06µA/cm2),腐蚀速率最高,耐蚀性最低。测试结果表明,1600v样品的腐蚀电流密度(6.29µA/cm2)高于1623v样品(4.80µA/cm2),表明1600v样品的耐蚀性较低。此外,根据电化学阻抗谱(EIS)分析结果,最高电荷转移电阻和涂层电阻均为6.3 kOhm。cm2和68.5欧姆。Cm2分别属于1623v样品,极化试验也证明了这一点。镀层样品的电荷转移电阻和镀层电阻最低,为2.73 kOhm。cm2和42.5欧姆。Cm2分别属于1622v样品。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of SiC Nanoparticles’ content on Mechanical Properties and Wear Behavior of A380 Aluminum Alloy Nanocomposite Produced by Powder Metallurgy Method SiC纳米颗粒含量对粉末冶金法制备A380铝合金纳米复合材料力学性能和磨损行为的影响
Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.47176/jame.41.4.1007
In this research, the effect of adding SiC nanoparticles on the hardness and wear behavior of A380 aluminum alloy was investigated. A380 aluminum powder and SiC nanoparticles with values of 0, 0.5, 1, and 2 wt.% were ground in a planetary ball mill in argon atmosphere for 10 hours. The weight ratio of ball to powder and the rotation speed was adjusted at 1:10 and 250 rpm, respectively. After the milling process, a hot press was used to produce the samples. The products were produced through a graphite mold with a diameter of 15 mm at a heating rate of 10 °C/min to a final sintering temperature of 520 °C and a holding time of 30 minutes in vacuum under pressure of 50 MPa and were placed in the hot press machine. The microstructure and hardness of the samples were examined using an optical microscope and Vickers hardness tester apparatus, respectively. The wear resistance was evaluated by pin-on-disk method. The greatest hardness of the samples was related to the aluminum alloy containing 0.5 wt.% SiC nanoparticles. AlA380-2 wt.% SiC nanocomposite represented the highest wear resistance compared to the other experimented samples.
在本研究中,研究了添加SiC纳米颗粒对A380铝合金硬度和磨损性能的影响。分别为0、0.5、1和2 wt.%的A380铝粉和SiC纳米颗粒在行星球磨机中氩气环境中研磨10小时。球粉重量比和转速分别调整为1:10和250rpm。铣削过程后,使用热压机生产样品。产品通过直径为15mm的石墨模具,加热速度为10℃/min,最终烧结温度为520℃,真空保温时间为30分钟,压力为50 MPa,放入热压机中。分别用光学显微镜和维氏硬度计对试样的显微组织和硬度进行了检测。采用销盘法对其耐磨性进行了评价。样品的最大硬度与含有0.5 wt.% SiC纳米颗粒的铝合金有关。与其他实验样品相比,AlA380-2 wt.% SiC纳米复合材料具有最高的耐磨性。
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引用次数: 0
Radar Evasion Control of Military Structures Using Graphene Oxide Coating RGO/NiFe2O4 and Polynomial Profile Monitoring 基于氧化石墨烯涂层RGO/NiFe2O4和多项式剖面监测的军事结构躲避雷达控制
Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.47176/jame.41.4.1009
Tracking military structures and equipment is one of the parameters to create superiority in military battles. Camouflage has long been used to reduce the possibility of detection of military structures and equipment. Development of knowledge in the field of tracking and discovering military structures and equipment followed by the necessity of using the concealment in order to reduce vulnerability in war, has enhanced the importance of using new camouflage and radar evasion methods. The use of nanotechnology in the field of radar evasion of military facilities was developed by introducing graphene as a very strong absorber of electromagnetic waves. Graphene coating on the military installations causes the absorption of electromagnetic waves and as a result, these installations are not detected by the enemy's radar. Referring to the fact that there is a functional relationship between the diameter of the graphene oxide used and the radar evasion of the equipment, an attempt has been made in this article for the first time to find a solution to control and monitor the radar evasion quality using graphene oxide (with the scientific name of RGO/NiFe2O4) in the microwave spectrum of 7GHZ by the profile approach and presentation of a regression relationship. This model can be used to monitor the quality of radar evasion products (cheaper and faster than existing methods). Finally, sensitivity analysis of the model showed that the ability to detect non-conformity in the manufactured products can be detected quickly (between 1 and 20 samples) with the change in the parameters of the regression model.
跟踪军事结构和装备是在军事战斗中创造优势的参数之一。长期以来,伪装一直被用来减少军事结构和装备被发现的可能性。在跟踪和发现军事结构和装备领域的知识的发展,以及为了减少战争中的脆弱性而使用隐藏的必要性,增强了使用新的伪装和雷达逃避方法的重要性。纳米技术在军事设施躲避雷达领域的应用是通过引入石墨烯作为一种非常强的电磁波吸收剂而开发的。军事设施上的石墨烯涂层会吸收电磁波,因此这些设施不会被敌人的雷达探测到。针对所使用的氧化石墨烯直径与设备的雷达躲避性能之间存在函数关系的问题,本文首次尝试通过剖面法和回归关系的提出,找到在7GHZ微波频谱中使用氧化石墨烯(学名为RGO/NiFe2O4)控制和监测雷达躲避质量的解决方案。该模型可用于监测雷达规避产品的质量(比现有方法更便宜和更快)。最后,对模型的敏感性分析表明,随着回归模型参数的变化,对制成品不合格的检测能力可以快速检测到(1 ~ 20个样品之间)。
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引用次数: 0
Optimization of the Process Parameters of Antibacterial Bioactive Glass/Polycaprolactone Composite Scaffold Printed by 3D Method 抗菌生物活性玻璃/聚己内酯复合支架3D打印工艺参数优化
Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.47176/jame.41.4.07155
In this study, a 3D bioactive glass composite scaffold containing 2 mol% silver/polycaprolactone (PCL) was synthesized by a 3D printer with the advantages of reproducibility and high flexibility in shape and size. The effective parameters (printer parameters, ratio of glass-phase, polymer phase, and solvent in printer ink) were determined for printing of nanocomposite scaffold by Taguchi method. Characterization of printed scaffolds was performed using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, infrared spectroscopy, bioactivity test, atomic emission spectroscopy, toxicity test, and cell proliferation. The results related to the synthesis of silver-containing bioglass by sol-gel method and heat treated at 550°C offered nanoparticles with an average diameter of less than 15 nm and a homogeneous distribution of silver in the matrix. Ratio of polymer phase to glass powder equivalent to 0.5, concentration of polymer in solvent of 50%, retraction of 1.5, and drive gear of 1200 are obtained as the optimum conditions for scaffold printing with acceptable quality (percentage, size and distribution of holes, regular structure of layers, and repeatability). The fabricated scaffold in optimal conditions revealed significant antibacterial properties, good bioactivity, acceptable cell viability, and high ALP activity. 3D printed BG/PCL nanocomposite scaffolds with macro (up to 500 µm) and micro size of holes and porosity percentage up to 64% in the structure can be a promising candidate for bone tissue engineering.
本研究利用3D打印机合成了一种含2mol %银/聚己内酯(PCL)的3D生物活性玻璃复合支架,具有可重复性好、形状和尺寸灵活性高等优点。采用田口法确定了打印纳米复合材料支架的有效参数(打印机参数、打印油墨中玻璃相、聚合物相和溶剂的比例)。采用x射线衍射、扫描电镜、红外光谱、生物活性试验、原子发射光谱、毒性试验、细胞增殖等方法对打印支架进行表征。采用溶胶-凝胶法制备含银生物玻璃,经550℃热处理后,纳米颗粒平均直径小于15 nm,银在基体中分布均匀。聚合物相与玻璃粉的比例等于0.5,聚合物在溶剂中的浓度为50%,缩回率为1.5,驱动齿轮为1200,是支架打印质量可接受的最佳条件(孔的百分比、孔的大小和分布、层的结构规则、可重复性)。在最佳条件下制备的支架具有显著的抗菌性能、良好的生物活性、可接受的细胞活力和高碱性磷酸酶活性。3D打印的BG/PCL纳米复合材料支架具有宏观(可达500µm)和微观孔径,结构孔隙率可达64%,是骨组织工程中很有前途的候选材料。
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of Superhydrophobicity, Anti-Corrosion, Anti-Icing, and Self-Cleaning Properties of Nickel and Cobalt Coatings Fabricated by one-Step Electrodeposition 一步电沉积镍和钴涂层的超疏水性、抗腐蚀性、抗结冰性和自清洁性能的比较
Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.47176/jame.41.3.24731
A. Daneshnia, K. Raeissi, Parinaz Salehikahrizsangi
In this research, superhydrophobic nickel and cobalt coatings with a hierarchical micro-nano structure were deposited on copper substrate by rapid one-step electrodeposition. The microstructure, wettability, corrosion resistance, self-cleaning and anti-icing properties of the coatings were evaluated using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), contact angle measurement, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), alumina powder as contaminants and keeping at minus 15 ° C, respectively. According to the obtained results, nickel coating with a higher contact angle of 172.3° delays the freezing of the droplet on the surface by 6 min more than the cobalt coating with a lower contact angle of 155.6°. The surface energies of both coatings were low enough to benefit from oleophobicity and for glycerol and ethylene glycol, both coatings had water contact angles higher than 120°. When the open circuit potentials were atablized in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution, very high charge transfer resistances of 2370 and 756.3 kΩ.cm 2 were recorded for nickel and cobalt coatings, respectively. After 16 days of immersion in saline solution, the contact angles were still in the hydrophobic range (128.7° and 98.6° for nickel and cobalt coatings, respectively). For cobalt coating with more appropriate surface microstructure and despite its lower water contact angle compared to nickel coating, better self-cleaning properties were observed.
在本研究中,采用快速一步电沉积的方法在铜基底上沉积了具有分级微纳结构的超疏水镍和钴涂层。分别使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、接触角测量、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)、氧化铝粉末作为污染物并在-15°C下保持对涂层的微观结构、润湿性、耐腐蚀性、自清洁和防结冰性能进行了评估。根据获得的结果,接触角较高(172.3°)的镍涂层比接触角较低(155.6°)的钴涂层延迟液滴在表面的冻结6分钟。两种涂层的表面能都很低,足以受益于疏油性,对于甘油和乙二醇,两种涂层都具有高于120°的水接触角。当开路电位在3.5wt.%NaCl溶液中稳定时,镍和钴涂层的电荷转移电阻分别为2370和756.3kΩ.cm2。在盐水溶液中浸泡16天后,接触角仍在疏水范围内(镍和钴涂层分别为128.7°和98.6°)。对于具有更合适表面微观结构的钴涂层,尽管与镍涂层相比其水接触角较低,但观察到更好的自清洁性能。
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引用次数: 0
CRP and TNF-α Detection using Porous Silicon Substrate Based on Reflectometric Interference Fourier Transform Spectroscopy 基于反射干涉傅立叶变换光谱的多孔硅衬底检测CRP和TNF-α
Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.47176/jame.41.3.24551
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of Quenching and Partitioning (Q&P) Process on the Structural and Mechanical Properties of AISI 4130 Steel 淬火和分配(Q&P)工艺对AISI 4130钢组织和力学性能的影响
Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.47176/jame.41.3.1003
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Advanced Materials in Engineering
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