Poverty is a key issue in various developing countries, including Indonesia. One of the efforts to reduce poverty is building the infrastructure. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of infrastructure on the level of poverty by considering the spatial effect in the period 2011–2015. This study applies spatial panel data analysis with Spatial Autoregressive (SAR) model with fixed effect. The findings show that the infrastructure of electricity, health, sanitation, and building of senior high school has a significant negative impact on the percentage of the underprivileged people. Meanwhile, the building of elementary school has a significant positive impact on the percentage of the underprivileged people.
{"title":"Availability of Infrastructure for Poverty Reduction in Indonesia: Spatial Panel Data Analysis","authors":"G. Pramono, Waris Marsisno","doi":"10.7454/EFI.V64I2.587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7454/EFI.V64I2.587","url":null,"abstract":"Poverty is a key issue in various developing countries, including Indonesia. One of the efforts to reduce poverty is building the infrastructure. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of infrastructure on the level of poverty by considering the spatial effect in the period 2011–2015. This study applies spatial panel data analysis with Spatial Autoregressive (SAR) model with fixed effect. The findings show that the infrastructure of electricity, health, sanitation, and building of senior high school has a significant negative impact on the percentage of the underprivileged people. Meanwhile, the building of elementary school has a significant positive impact on the percentage of the underprivileged people.","PeriodicalId":31064,"journal":{"name":"Economics and Finance in Indonesia","volume":"64 1","pages":"157-180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71340120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Yudhistira, D. P. Koesrindartono, S. Harmadi, A. P. Pratama
This paper aims to reveal the behavior and perception of Jakarta’s citizens on traffic congestion in Jakarta. Although this approach is somewhat well-developed in behavioral science, its utilization in urban economics study, is still limited. Detecting the traffic congestion and its cause mainly relies on physical (engineering) methods, i.e V/C ratio. Here, we define the traffic congestion through two variables; ordinal traffic congestion perception and proportion of expected travel time to perceived travel time. Using a non-probabilistic sampling survey held in one of densest business district in Jakarta called Sudirman-Thamrin Golden Triangle Area; the estimation results show that travel behavior plays a major role in affecting travel time perceptions. Abstrak Studi ini bertujuan untuk melihat tingkah laku masyarakat Jakarta terhadap kemacetan di Jakarta. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam studi ini telah banyak dikembangkan dalam studi behavioral science, namun penggunaanya dalam studi ekonomi perkotaan masih terbatas. Mendeteksi tingkat kemacetan serta penyebabnya umumnya mengandalkan metode fisik seperti V/C ratio. Studi ini mendefinisikan tingkat kemacetan ke dalam dua variabel, persepsi tingkat kemacetan ordinasl serta proporsi dari ekspektasi waktu perjalanan terhadap waktu perjalanan actual. Dengan menggunakan survey non-probabilitic sampling di Sudirman-Tharim Golden Triangle Area, hasil estimasi menunjukkan bahwa perilaku perjalanan (travel behavior) berperan utama dalam mempengaruhi persepsi waktu perjalanan. Kata kunci: Tingkat Kemacetan; Waktu Perjalanan; Perilaku Perjalanan; Persepsi JEL classifications: R40; R41
本文旨在揭示雅加达市民对交通拥堵的行为和感知。虽然这种方法在行为科学领域已经比较成熟，但在城市经济学研究中的应用仍然有限。检测交通拥堵及其原因主要依靠物理(工程)方法，即V/C比。这里，我们通过两个变量来定义交通拥堵;普通交通拥堵感知及预期出行时间与感知出行时间的比例。利用在雅加达最密集的商业区之一苏迪曼-塔姆林金三角地区进行的非概率抽样调查;结果表明，出行行为是影响出行时间感知的主要因素。[摘要]研究雅加达的人口结构和人口结构，以及雅加达的人口结构。Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam studi ini telah banyak dikembangkan dalam研究行为科学，namun penggunaanya dalam研究经济学perkotaan masih terbatas。Mendeteksi tingkat kemacetan serta penyebabnya umumnya mengandalkan方法分离V/C比。研究了男性定义的男性与女性的关系，男性与女性的关系，男性与女性的关系，男性与女性的关系，女性与女性的关系。登安蒙古纳坎调查非概率抽样在苏德曼-达里姆金三角地区，hasil estimasi menunjukkan bahwa peraku perjalanan(旅行行为)berperan utama dalam mempengaruhi persepsi waktu perjalanan。Kata kunci: Tingkat Kemacetan;Waktu Perjalanan;Perilaku Perjalanan;Persepsi JEL分类:R40;R41
{"title":"How Congested Jakarta is? Perception of Jakarta’s Citizen on Traffic Congestion","authors":"M. Yudhistira, D. P. Koesrindartono, S. Harmadi, A. P. Pratama","doi":"10.7454/EFI.V62I3.553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7454/EFI.V62I3.553","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to reveal the behavior and perception of Jakarta’s citizens on traffic congestion in Jakarta. Although this approach is somewhat well-developed in behavioral science, its utilization in urban economics study, is still limited. Detecting the traffic congestion and its cause mainly relies on physical (engineering) methods, i.e V/C ratio. Here, we define the traffic congestion through two variables; ordinal traffic congestion perception and proportion of expected travel time to perceived travel time. Using a non-probabilistic sampling survey held in one of densest business district in Jakarta called Sudirman-Thamrin Golden Triangle Area; the estimation results show that travel behavior plays a major role in affecting travel time perceptions. Abstrak Studi ini bertujuan untuk melihat tingkah laku masyarakat Jakarta terhadap kemacetan di Jakarta. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam studi ini telah banyak dikembangkan dalam studi behavioral science, namun penggunaanya dalam studi ekonomi perkotaan masih terbatas. Mendeteksi tingkat kemacetan serta penyebabnya umumnya mengandalkan metode fisik seperti V/C ratio. Studi ini mendefinisikan tingkat kemacetan ke dalam dua variabel, persepsi tingkat kemacetan ordinasl serta proporsi dari ekspektasi waktu perjalanan terhadap waktu perjalanan actual. Dengan menggunakan survey non-probabilitic sampling di Sudirman-Tharim Golden Triangle Area, hasil estimasi menunjukkan bahwa perilaku perjalanan (travel behavior) berperan utama dalam mempengaruhi persepsi waktu perjalanan. Kata kunci: Tingkat Kemacetan; Waktu Perjalanan; Perilaku Perjalanan; Persepsi JEL classifications: R40; R41","PeriodicalId":31064,"journal":{"name":"Economics and Finance in Indonesia","volume":"62 1","pages":"141-151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42047818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Distribution of social assistance through a non-cash system is a new government breakthrough to increase transfer effectiveness and promote financial inclusion. After the pilot project in 2014, the recent study found that there is a number of beneficiaries who feel the non-cash system is difficult. Therefore they use non-cash facilities to get the transfer only and do not want to use for other financial services. This fact could become an obstacle to financial inclusion. This study aims to investigate what factors influence beneficiaries perception to use non-cash system. We conducted a survey of 139 non-cash beneficiaries in Kabupaten Cirebon, West Java and Kabupaten Pasuruan, East Java. The results showed that accessibility such as queue time, travel time and transportation cost had a significant effect on perception of non-cash system. Perceptions also vary according to beneficiary characteristics. Abstrak Distribusi bantuan sosial melalui sistem non-tunai merupakan terobosan baru yang dilakukan pemerintah untuk meningkatkan efektivitas bantuan dan mempromosikan inklusi keuangan. Penelitian terbaru menyatakan bahwa, pada uji coba sistem non-tunai di tahun 2014, sejumlah penerima bantuan merasa kesulitan mencairkan bantuan dengan sistem tersebut. Mereka hanya menggunakan fasilitas non-tunai untuk mencairkan bantuan saja dan tidak ingin menggunakan sistem tersebut untuk layanan keuangan lainnya. Fakta tersebut dapat menjadi hambatan tercapainya inklusif keuangan. Studi ini bertujuan menyelidiki faktor-faktor apa saja yang memengaruhi persepsi penerima bantuan untuk menggunakan sistem non-tunai. Kami melakukan survei pada 139 penerima bantuan non-tunai di Kabupaten Cirebon, Jawa Barat dan Kabupaten Pasuruan, Jawa Timur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aksesibilitas seperti waktu antrian, waktu perjalanan dan biaya transportasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap persepsi sistem non-tunai. Persepsi juga bervariasi menurut karakteristik penerima bantuan. Kata kunci: Bantuan Non-tunai; Transfer; Inklusi Keuangan; Persepsi; Penerima Bantuan JEL classifications: H31; H55
通过非现金制度分配社会救助是政府提高转移有效性和促进普惠金融的新突破。在2014年的试点项目之后，最近的研究发现，有一些受益人觉得非现金系统很困难。因此，他们只使用非现金工具进行转账，而不想使用其他金融服务。这一事实可能成为普惠金融的障碍。本研究旨在探讨影响受益人使用非现金系统的因素。我们对西爪哇Kabupaten Cirebon和东爪哇Kabupaten Pasuruan的139名非现金受益人进行了调查。结果表明，排队时间、出行时间和交通成本等可达性对非现金系统感知有显著影响。看法也因受益人的特点而异。【摘要】分布型班团社会多样性系统非tunai merupakan terobosan baru yang dilakukan preemerintah untuk meningkatkan efektivitas班团与mempromosikan inklusi keguangan。Penelitian terbaru menyatakan bahwa, pada uji coba系统non-tunai di tahun 2014, sejumlah penerima bantuan merasa kesulitan mencairkan bantuan dengan系统tersebut。孟古纳罕系统中，孟古纳罕系统中，孟古纳罕系统中，孟古纳罕系统中，孟古纳罕系统中，孟古纳罕系统中的孟古纳罕系统。Fakta teresbut dapat menjadi hambatan tercapainya inklusif keuangan。非tunai系统的研究:bertujuan menyelidiki因子因子与因子因子的关系。Kami melakukan survei pada 139 penerima bantuan non-tunai di Kabupaten Cirebon，爪哇Barat dan Kabupaten Pasuruan，爪哇Timur。Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aksesibilitas seperti waktu antrian, waktu perjalanan and biaya transportasi berpengaruh signikan terhadap persepsi system non-tunai。这是一种很好的学习方法。Kata kunci:班团非tunai;转移;Inklusi Keuangan;Persepsi;Penerima Bantuan JEL分类:H31;H55
{"title":"Accelerating Financial Inclusion through Non-cash Assistance: Exploring Factor Affecting Beneficiaries Perception","authors":"S. Djamaluddin","doi":"10.7454/EFI.V62I3.554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7454/EFI.V62I3.554","url":null,"abstract":"Distribution of social assistance through a non-cash system is a new government breakthrough to increase transfer effectiveness and promote financial inclusion. After the pilot project in 2014, the recent study found that there is a number of beneficiaries who feel the non-cash system is difficult. Therefore they use non-cash facilities to get the transfer only and do not want to use for other financial services. This fact could become an obstacle to financial inclusion. This study aims to investigate what factors influence beneficiaries perception to use non-cash system. We conducted a survey of 139 non-cash beneficiaries in Kabupaten Cirebon, West Java and Kabupaten Pasuruan, East Java. The results showed that accessibility such as queue time, travel time and transportation cost had a significant effect on perception of non-cash system. Perceptions also vary according to beneficiary characteristics. Abstrak Distribusi bantuan sosial melalui sistem non-tunai merupakan terobosan baru yang dilakukan pemerintah untuk meningkatkan efektivitas bantuan dan mempromosikan inklusi keuangan. Penelitian terbaru menyatakan bahwa, pada uji coba sistem non-tunai di tahun 2014, sejumlah penerima bantuan merasa kesulitan mencairkan bantuan dengan sistem tersebut. Mereka hanya menggunakan fasilitas non-tunai untuk mencairkan bantuan saja dan tidak ingin menggunakan sistem tersebut untuk layanan keuangan lainnya. Fakta tersebut dapat menjadi hambatan tercapainya inklusif keuangan. Studi ini bertujuan menyelidiki faktor-faktor apa saja yang memengaruhi persepsi penerima bantuan untuk menggunakan sistem non-tunai. Kami melakukan survei pada 139 penerima bantuan non-tunai di Kabupaten Cirebon, Jawa Barat dan Kabupaten Pasuruan, Jawa Timur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aksesibilitas seperti waktu antrian, waktu perjalanan dan biaya transportasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap persepsi sistem non-tunai. Persepsi juga bervariasi menurut karakteristik penerima bantuan. Kata kunci: Bantuan Non-tunai; Transfer; Inklusi Keuangan; Persepsi; Penerima Bantuan JEL classifications: H31; H55","PeriodicalId":31064,"journal":{"name":"Economics and Finance in Indonesia","volume":"62 1","pages":"152-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42730426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) in developing countries are still constrained to seize the opportunity of trade liberalization as compared to their large counterparts. It has been argued that effective efforts to foster SME export require clear understanding of the factors that stimulate them to export. This study investigates the export stimuli of 385 Indonesian SMEs at different export stages (pre-exporting and exporting) and different internationalization pathways (domestically established exporter and born-global SMEs). Three types of export stimuli are consistently identified as the most important in all sub-samples: the presence of foreign buyers, the confidence in the products and the aspiration to find alternative markets. By contrast, two types of export stimuli are consistently found as the least important in all sub-samples: government support and Indonesian diaspora communities. The academic and policy implications of the findings are discussed.
{"title":"Export Stimuli, Export Stages and Internationalization Pathways: The Case of Indonesian SMEs","authors":"M. D. Revindo, C. Gan","doi":"10.7454/EFI.V62I3.557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7454/EFI.V62I3.557","url":null,"abstract":"Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) in developing countries are still constrained to seize the opportunity of trade liberalization as compared to their large counterparts. It has been argued that effective efforts to foster SME export require clear understanding of the factors that stimulate them to export. This study investigates the export stimuli of 385 Indonesian SMEs at different export stages (pre-exporting and exporting) and different internationalization pathways (domestically established exporter and born-global SMEs). Three types of export stimuli are consistently identified as the most important in all sub-samples: the presence of foreign buyers, the confidence in the products and the aspiration to find alternative markets. By contrast, two types of export stimuli are consistently found as the least important in all sub-samples: government support and Indonesian diaspora communities. The academic and policy implications of the findings are discussed.","PeriodicalId":31064,"journal":{"name":"Economics and Finance in Indonesia","volume":"62 1","pages":"191-205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42918371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Even though government of Indonesia invests billions of rupiah to tackle deforestation, its effectiveness has been questionable. This study analyses changes in rates of forest cover in Indonesia and their association with forestry expenditures (FE) spent by the provincial governments. Based on 2007 to 2010 data, linear multiple regression results indicate that FE is not enough to tackle the negative change in forest land cover that could represent deforestation. Moreover, it was found that FE have negative association with forest land cover and therefore, can be associated to deforestation. This negative association remains when other factors that affect forest land cover such as wood extraction, agriculture outcome, forestry outcome, population growth and population density and initial environmental conditions have been controlled.
{"title":"Local Government Forestry Expenditure and Forest Land Cover: A Preliminary Lesson from Decentralized Indonesia","authors":"Firda Hidayati, Yogi Vidyattama, C. Gordon","doi":"10.7454/EFI.V62I3.552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7454/EFI.V62I3.552","url":null,"abstract":"Even though government of Indonesia invests billions of rupiah to tackle deforestation, its effectiveness has been questionable. This study analyses changes in rates of forest cover in Indonesia and their association with forestry expenditures (FE) spent by the provincial governments. Based on 2007 to 2010 data, linear multiple regression results indicate that FE is not enough to tackle the negative change in forest land cover that could represent deforestation. Moreover, it was found that FE have negative association with forest land cover and therefore, can be associated to deforestation. This negative association remains when other factors that affect forest land cover such as wood extraction, agriculture outcome, forestry outcome, population growth and population density and initial environmental conditions have been controlled.","PeriodicalId":31064,"journal":{"name":"Economics and Finance in Indonesia","volume":"62 1","pages":"127-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41622933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since 2009, the Indonesian government has fully allocated 20 percent of its budget on education. Though the increase of financial resources has led to an improvement of the access to education, challenges on the quality of education persist. By employing a cross-districts analysis in Indonesia during 2010–2015, this study aims to analyze the impact of government spending on the adjusted-national examination scores at the junior secondary education. This study shows that the central and local government spending have no significant impact on the scores. Whereas, the central government spending on teachers, and the socioeconomic factors such as poverty and health are significant determinants. Abstrak Sejak 2009, Pemerintah Indonesia telah dapat mengalokasikan 20 persen anggaran untuk pendidikan. Peningkatan anggaran di sektor pendidikan yang signifikan di satu sisi telah meningkatkan akses pendidikan, tetapi di sisi lain masih terdapat tantangan terhadap kualitas pendidikan. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa dampak belanja pemerintah terhadap nilai ujian nasional SMP dengan menggunakan analisa cross-section di kabupaten/kota Indonesia pada tahun 2010–2015. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa belanja pemerintah pusat dan daerah tidak mempunyai dampak yang signifikan terhadap nilai ujian nasional SMP. Akan tetapi, transfer pemerintah pusat untuk guru serta kondisi sosial ekonomi seperti kemiskinan dan kesehatan merupakan faktor yang signifikan. Kata kunci: Pendidikan; Belanja Pemerintah; Hasil Pembelajaran; Kabupaten/Kota; Indonesia JEL classifications: H75; I22
{"title":"Public Spending and Learning Outcomes of Basic Education at the District Level in Indonesia","authors":"T. Jasmina","doi":"10.7454/EFI.V62I3.556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7454/EFI.V62I3.556","url":null,"abstract":"Since 2009, the Indonesian government has fully allocated 20 percent of its budget on education. Though the increase of financial resources has led to an improvement of the access to education, challenges on the quality of education persist. By employing a cross-districts analysis in Indonesia during 2010–2015, this study aims to analyze the impact of government spending on the adjusted-national examination scores at the junior secondary education. This study shows that the central and local government spending have no significant impact on the scores. Whereas, the central government spending on teachers, and the socioeconomic factors such as poverty and health are significant determinants. Abstrak Sejak 2009, Pemerintah Indonesia telah dapat mengalokasikan 20 persen anggaran untuk pendidikan. Peningkatan anggaran di sektor pendidikan yang signifikan di satu sisi telah meningkatkan akses pendidikan, tetapi di sisi lain masih terdapat tantangan terhadap kualitas pendidikan. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa dampak belanja pemerintah terhadap nilai ujian nasional SMP dengan menggunakan analisa cross-section di kabupaten/kota Indonesia pada tahun 2010–2015. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa belanja pemerintah pusat dan daerah tidak mempunyai dampak yang signifikan terhadap nilai ujian nasional SMP. Akan tetapi, transfer pemerintah pusat untuk guru serta kondisi sosial ekonomi seperti kemiskinan dan kesehatan merupakan faktor yang signifikan. Kata kunci: Pendidikan; Belanja Pemerintah; Hasil Pembelajaran; Kabupaten/Kota; Indonesia JEL classifications: H75; I22","PeriodicalId":31064,"journal":{"name":"Economics and Finance in Indonesia","volume":"62 1","pages":"180-190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47617831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study analyses the determinants of working among 10–17 years’ children and to investigate the presence of Luxury Axiom. Child tends to work as they gets older, has biological ties to the household head and lives in a rural area. The higher levels of household head’s education lead to the children’s been less likely to work. With regard to the Luxury Axiom, household income is negatively impact the work decision. Birth order is positively related to working and the probability of working decreases by the presence of employed adult. Finally, the impact of the child’s activities varies by provinces. Abstrak Kajian ini menganalisis faktor-faktor penentu bekerja di kalangan anak-anak yang berusia 10–17 tahun dan untuk menyelidiki keberadaan Luxury Axiom. Anak-anak cenderung untuk bekerja seiring dengan bertambahnya usia mereka, adanya hubungan biologis dengan kepala rumah tangga, dan tempat tinggal mereka di pedesaan. Selain itu, semakin tingginya tingkat pendidikan kepala rumah tangga mendorong ke arah pengurangan kecenderungan anak-anak untuk bekerja. Terkait dengan Luxury Axiom, pendapatan rumah tangga memiliki dampak negatif terhadap keputusan untuk bekerja dan kemungkinan untuk bekerja menurun seiring dengan adanya orang dewasa yang bekerja. Terakhir, besarnya dampak aktivitas anak bervariasi adalah berdasarkan daerah. Kata kunci: Pekerja Anak; Modal Manusia; Lapangan Kerja JEL classifications: J13; J21; O15
{"title":"Child Labour in Indonesia: Supply-Side Determinants","authors":"Dayang Haszelinna, A. Ali, G. Arabsheibani","doi":"10.7454/EFI.V62I3.555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7454/EFI.V62I3.555","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyses the determinants of working among 10–17 years’ children and to investigate the presence of Luxury Axiom. Child tends to work as they gets older, has biological ties to the household head and lives in a rural area. The higher levels of household head’s education lead to the children’s been less likely to work. With regard to the Luxury Axiom, household income is negatively impact the work decision. Birth order is positively related to working and the probability of working decreases by the presence of employed adult. Finally, the impact of the child’s activities varies by provinces. Abstrak Kajian ini menganalisis faktor-faktor penentu bekerja di kalangan anak-anak yang berusia 10–17 tahun dan untuk menyelidiki keberadaan Luxury Axiom. Anak-anak cenderung untuk bekerja seiring dengan bertambahnya usia mereka, adanya hubungan biologis dengan kepala rumah tangga, dan tempat tinggal mereka di pedesaan. Selain itu, semakin tingginya tingkat pendidikan kepala rumah tangga mendorong ke arah pengurangan kecenderungan anak-anak untuk bekerja. Terkait dengan Luxury Axiom, pendapatan rumah tangga memiliki dampak negatif terhadap keputusan untuk bekerja dan kemungkinan untuk bekerja menurun seiring dengan adanya orang dewasa yang bekerja. Terakhir, besarnya dampak aktivitas anak bervariasi adalah berdasarkan daerah. Kata kunci: Pekerja Anak; Modal Manusia; Lapangan Kerja JEL classifications: J13; J21; O15","PeriodicalId":31064,"journal":{"name":"Economics and Finance in Indonesia","volume":"62 1","pages":"162-179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45552230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Indebtedness is an element to foresee household financial wellbeing. This vulnerability could be determined objectively and subjectively. Objective financial vulnerability is the objective ability to make ends meet that is analyzed using household income and characteristics. Measurement in subjective welbeing is determined by household perceptions in their ability to make ends meet. Household behavior with different perceptions will behave differently. Indebtedness is analyzed using the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) 5 with the Ordinary Least Square method. The inferential shows that both objective and subjective financial wellbeing influence household indebtedness.
{"title":"Indebtedness and Subjective Financial Wellbeing of Households in Indonesia","authors":"Dwini Handayani, Ummu Salamah, Restananda Nabilla Yusacc","doi":"10.7454/EFI.V62I2.549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7454/EFI.V62I2.549","url":null,"abstract":"Indebtedness is an element to foresee household financial wellbeing. This vulnerability could be determined objectively and subjectively. Objective financial vulnerability is the objective ability to make ends meet that is analyzed using household income and characteristics. Measurement in subjective welbeing is determined by household perceptions in their ability to make ends meet. Household behavior with different perceptions will behave differently. Indebtedness is analyzed using the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) 5 with the Ordinary Least Square method. The inferential shows that both objective and subjective financial wellbeing influence household indebtedness.","PeriodicalId":31064,"journal":{"name":"Economics and Finance in Indonesia","volume":"62 1","pages":"78-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71340023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The subnational government spending in Indonesia exhibit a highly skewed distribution, i.e., it is very low in the first two-quarters and then increases significantly in the last two-quarters. Such explosive pattern poses two disadvantages. First, the regional output will fall below its optimal level as the low government capital expenditure leads to a fewer provision of public goods. Second, a significant increase in government spending in the later quarter pushes the short run aggregate demand to the northeast and creates an inflationary pressure in the following quarters. In this study, we analyze the effect of quarterly regional government expenditure growth on regional inflation during 2010–2014. Using Arellano Bond GMM estimation, we find government expenditure growth leads to higher inflation in the same quarter. A percentage increase in non-capital expenditure spending results in a higher inflation than a percentage increase in capital spending.
印度尼西亚的地方政府支出呈现出高度倾斜的分布，即前两个季度非常低，然后在后两个季度显著增加。这种爆炸性的模式有两个缺点。首先，由于政府资本支出减少导致公共产品供给减少，区域产出将低于其最优水平。其次，下一季度政府支出的大幅增加将推动短期总需求向东北方向移动，并在接下来的几个季度造成通胀压力。在本研究中，我们分析了2010 - - 2014年季度区域政府支出增长对区域通货膨胀的影响。使用Arellano Bond GMM估计，我们发现政府支出增长导致同一季度更高的通货膨胀。非资本支出的百分比增长导致的通货膨胀高于资本支出的百分比增长。
{"title":"Lowering Regional Inflation? Improve Budget Absorption","authors":"Vid Adrison, Masarina Flukeria","doi":"10.7454/EFI.V62I2.531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7454/EFI.V62I2.531","url":null,"abstract":"The subnational government spending in Indonesia exhibit a highly skewed distribution, i.e., it is very low in the first two-quarters and then increases significantly in the last two-quarters. Such explosive pattern poses two disadvantages. First, the regional output will fall below its optimal level as the low government capital expenditure leads to a fewer provision of public goods. Second, a significant increase in government spending in the later quarter pushes the short run aggregate demand to the northeast and creates an inflationary pressure in the following quarters. In this study, we analyze the effect of quarterly regional government expenditure growth on regional inflation during 2010–2014. Using Arellano Bond GMM estimation, we find government expenditure growth leads to higher inflation in the same quarter. A percentage increase in non-capital expenditure spending results in a higher inflation than a percentage increase in capital spending.","PeriodicalId":31064,"journal":{"name":"Economics and Finance in Indonesia","volume":"62 1","pages":"67-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71340394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
McNown & Wallace (1989) argued that PPP will tend to holds in less developed countries due to the domination of nominal factors in the economy. In this study we try to investigate the existence of long-run PPP in eight countries consisting four developed and developing countries. Here we show that there is a strong evidence that long-run PPP holds for Germany, United Kingdom, and Chile. Furthermore, the additional tests also show that symmetry and proportionality conditions seem to hold in the three economies. As for other five economies, long-run PPP seems to be absence. Although one step general Error Correction Model and Johansen-Juselius cointegration procedure generates conflicting result, the result of both technique do not show a tendency for PPP to hold in developing countries thus rejecting argument proposed by McNown andWallace.
{"title":"The Existence of Long-Run PPP: A Comparison between Developed and Developing Countries","authors":"Sulistiadi Dono Iskandar","doi":"10.7454/EFI.V62I2.551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7454/EFI.V62I2.551","url":null,"abstract":"McNown & Wallace (1989) argued that PPP will tend to holds in less developed countries due to the domination of nominal factors in the economy. In this study we try to investigate the existence of long-run PPP in eight countries consisting four developed and developing countries. Here we show that there is a strong evidence that long-run PPP holds for Germany, United Kingdom, and Chile. Furthermore, the additional tests also show that symmetry and proportionality conditions seem to hold in the three economies. As for other five economies, long-run PPP seems to be absence. Although one step general Error Correction Model and Johansen-Juselius cointegration procedure generates conflicting result, the result of both technique do not show a tendency for PPP to hold in developing countries thus rejecting argument proposed by McNown andWallace.","PeriodicalId":31064,"journal":{"name":"Economics and Finance in Indonesia","volume":"62 1","pages":"88-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71340063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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