Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/GREENTECH.2013.41
Niall O. Norton-Cormier, Harry Hupman, Tim Rushenberg, nicholas. alvarez, Andrew Smith, D. Patterson, David I. Grow
The world's energy supply is heavily dependent on fossil fuels. The limited supply of fossil fuels and their impact on the environment has led to a greater global focus on the development of alternative renewable energy solutions. As a part of this effort, Sandia National Laboratories has sponsored a design team from New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology to improve current heliostat designs by lowering heliostat production costs. To this end, a novel water-ballast drive system was designed which reduces the cost of the drive components and allows for a cheaper, lighter support system. A prototype utilizing a hybrid water-ballast drive system and a linear actuator is currently in production guided by strict specifications for durability and accuracy by Sandia National Labs. The second prototype improves on the initial prototype in both cost and in meeting the design specifications.
{"title":"Designing and Constructing an Alternative Reduced-Cost Heliostat Drive System","authors":"Niall O. Norton-Cormier, Harry Hupman, Tim Rushenberg, nicholas. alvarez, Andrew Smith, D. Patterson, David I. Grow","doi":"10.1109/GREENTECH.2013.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GREENTECH.2013.41","url":null,"abstract":"The world's energy supply is heavily dependent on fossil fuels. The limited supply of fossil fuels and their impact on the environment has led to a greater global focus on the development of alternative renewable energy solutions. As a part of this effort, Sandia National Laboratories has sponsored a design team from New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology to improve current heliostat designs by lowering heliostat production costs. To this end, a novel water-ballast drive system was designed which reduces the cost of the drive components and allows for a cheaper, lighter support system. A prototype utilizing a hybrid water-ballast drive system and a linear actuator is currently in production guided by strict specifications for durability and accuracy by Sandia National Labs. The second prototype improves on the initial prototype in both cost and in meeting the design specifications.","PeriodicalId":311325,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Green Technologies Conference (GreenTech)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127711458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/GREENTECH.2013.52
Toshiyasu Tanaka, Kenichi Abe, S. Aust, Tetsuya Ito, H. Yomo, S. Sakata
This paper focuses on Radio-On-Demand (ROD) wireless LANs (WLANs) in which the operating mode of Access Points (APs) changes from an `active' communication state to `sleep' state in case where there is no data traffic transferred from/to the AP in order to avoid unnecessary power consumption. We propose an automatic sleep control strategy, which frequently monitors APs data traffic conditions and executes the change of APs communication state if traffic conditions changes. Frequent mode transitions, which are likely to increase the waiting time and transmission delay perceived by the user, are critical when ROD APs are deployed. In this paper, we discuss the tradeoff between power-saving effects and delay-reduction of an automatic sleep control scheme and investigate the performance of our proposed sleep control strategy by using real-world WLAN data. In addition, we propose a cooperative sleep control method for large-scale WLANs, where the mode of APs is affected by the network deployment topology of WLAN APs and WLAN stations (STAs). We conducted a thorough numerical analysis in which we show that, in large-scale WLANs, a significant amount of AP power consumption can be reduced when our proposed automatic and cooperative sleep control method is applied in WLANs.
{"title":"Automatic and Cooperative Sleep Control Strategies for Power-Saving in Radio-on-Demand WLANs","authors":"Toshiyasu Tanaka, Kenichi Abe, S. Aust, Tetsuya Ito, H. Yomo, S. Sakata","doi":"10.1109/GREENTECH.2013.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GREENTECH.2013.52","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on Radio-On-Demand (ROD) wireless LANs (WLANs) in which the operating mode of Access Points (APs) changes from an `active' communication state to `sleep' state in case where there is no data traffic transferred from/to the AP in order to avoid unnecessary power consumption. We propose an automatic sleep control strategy, which frequently monitors APs data traffic conditions and executes the change of APs communication state if traffic conditions changes. Frequent mode transitions, which are likely to increase the waiting time and transmission delay perceived by the user, are critical when ROD APs are deployed. In this paper, we discuss the tradeoff between power-saving effects and delay-reduction of an automatic sleep control scheme and investigate the performance of our proposed sleep control strategy by using real-world WLAN data. In addition, we propose a cooperative sleep control method for large-scale WLANs, where the mode of APs is affected by the network deployment topology of WLAN APs and WLAN stations (STAs). We conducted a thorough numerical analysis in which we show that, in large-scale WLANs, a significant amount of AP power consumption can be reduced when our proposed automatic and cooperative sleep control method is applied in WLANs.","PeriodicalId":311325,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Green Technologies Conference (GreenTech)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128515313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/GREENTECH.2013.21
A. L. M. Mufaris, J. Baba
It is expected that large capacity distributed generation (DG) systems including photovoltaic (PV) power systems will be installed in future power systems. When the capacity of PV power systems installed in the distribution system increases, voltage of the system goes beyond the allowable voltage range due to reverse power flow from PV power systems. In order to minimize this problem, load control at the customer end would be a possible solution. In this paper, application of controllable customer equipment, Heat Pump Water Heater (HPWH), has been proposed in order to mitigate voltage violation. The input power of HPWH is applied in three different ways: rated input, step input and multiple inputs so as to find the optimum solution that keeps the voltage within allowable limit.
{"title":"Scheduled Operation of Heat Pump Water Heater for Voltage Control in Distribution System with Large Penetration of PV Systems","authors":"A. L. M. Mufaris, J. Baba","doi":"10.1109/GREENTECH.2013.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GREENTECH.2013.21","url":null,"abstract":"It is expected that large capacity distributed generation (DG) systems including photovoltaic (PV) power systems will be installed in future power systems. When the capacity of PV power systems installed in the distribution system increases, voltage of the system goes beyond the allowable voltage range due to reverse power flow from PV power systems. In order to minimize this problem, load control at the customer end would be a possible solution. In this paper, application of controllable customer equipment, Heat Pump Water Heater (HPWH), has been proposed in order to mitigate voltage violation. The input power of HPWH is applied in three different ways: rated input, step input and multiple inputs so as to find the optimum solution that keeps the voltage within allowable limit.","PeriodicalId":311325,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Green Technologies Conference (GreenTech)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131467013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/GREENTECH.2013.54
Rien De Koster, J. Van Roy, J. Driesen
Useless electricity consumption is the electricity consumption of an electric appliance or system that is not performing its primary function or that is performing its primary function without being useful. So, useless electricity consumption does not only consist of standby losses. To identify the useless electricity consumption in a building, a profile-based approach is developed. This approach is used to investigate the useless electricity consumption in five buildings of the University of Leuven. The result of this study is that in these buildings the useless electricity consumption accounts for 4 to 13% of the total electricity consumption. This paper will give a detailed discussion of a case study in a library of the university.
{"title":"A Profile-Based Identification of Standby and Useless Electricity Consumption in Buildings","authors":"Rien De Koster, J. Van Roy, J. Driesen","doi":"10.1109/GREENTECH.2013.54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GREENTECH.2013.54","url":null,"abstract":"Useless electricity consumption is the electricity consumption of an electric appliance or system that is not performing its primary function or that is performing its primary function without being useful. So, useless electricity consumption does not only consist of standby losses. To identify the useless electricity consumption in a building, a profile-based approach is developed. This approach is used to investigate the useless electricity consumption in five buildings of the University of Leuven. The result of this study is that in these buildings the useless electricity consumption accounts for 4 to 13% of the total electricity consumption. This paper will give a detailed discussion of a case study in a library of the university.","PeriodicalId":311325,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Green Technologies Conference (GreenTech)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132144173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/GREENTECH.2013.64
Clare L. Cloudt, J. Gómez, T. Nishimoto, L. Shephard
Researchers at the Texas Sustainable Energy Research Institute are enhancing the capabilities of building performance simulation (BPS) tools by collecting real-time high fidelity energy data to validate and verify simulation capabilities used to predict building energy consumption and to better understand the impacts of building occupants on energy performance. Two case studies, a residential new construction project and an existing commercial building study, have adopted a systems approach toward evaluating the building sector, looking at the relationship between residential buildings, commercial buildings, their occupants, utilities, and local demographics. This paper assesses the important role of efficiency, conservation, and demand response capabilities in reducing energy consumption without requiring significant occupant sacrifices. The Institute is coupling simulation science (as well as its assumptions and processes), with technology that allows researchers to capture real-time energy information and identify more space-specific behavioral pattern assumptions which create an opportunity for better refinement of continuously-responsive building systems.
{"title":"Coupling Simulation Tools and Real-Time Data to Improve Building Energy Performance","authors":"Clare L. Cloudt, J. Gómez, T. Nishimoto, L. Shephard","doi":"10.1109/GREENTECH.2013.64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GREENTECH.2013.64","url":null,"abstract":"Researchers at the Texas Sustainable Energy Research Institute are enhancing the capabilities of building performance simulation (BPS) tools by collecting real-time high fidelity energy data to validate and verify simulation capabilities used to predict building energy consumption and to better understand the impacts of building occupants on energy performance. Two case studies, a residential new construction project and an existing commercial building study, have adopted a systems approach toward evaluating the building sector, looking at the relationship between residential buildings, commercial buildings, their occupants, utilities, and local demographics. This paper assesses the important role of efficiency, conservation, and demand response capabilities in reducing energy consumption without requiring significant occupant sacrifices. The Institute is coupling simulation science (as well as its assumptions and processes), with technology that allows researchers to capture real-time energy information and identify more space-specific behavioral pattern assumptions which create an opportunity for better refinement of continuously-responsive building systems.","PeriodicalId":311325,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Green Technologies Conference (GreenTech)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133451833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/GREENTECH.2013.14
N. Yaagoubi, H. Mouftah
Stress stemming from increasing energy demands in residential areas can cause electric overloads, which will either destroy grid components or shorten the equipment's life expectancy. To overcome this problem, residential load management has become essential. In this paper, we propose a comfort based smart load management algorithm to efficiently manage random and uncontrolled residential loads. Unlike most demand response programs, the proposed algorithm gives the user the choice to prioritize either comfort or savings. As a result, the end user's comfort requirements and preferences are preserved. A game theoretic approach is used to formulate the energy consumption problem. Simulation results show that the algorithm achieves high cost savings and flattens the load while taking into account the user's comfort. The algorithm is scalable, converges in acceptable times, preserves users' privacy, and introduces a very limited amount of overhead in the system.
{"title":"A Comfort Based Game Theoretic Approach for Load Management in the Smart Grid","authors":"N. Yaagoubi, H. Mouftah","doi":"10.1109/GREENTECH.2013.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GREENTECH.2013.14","url":null,"abstract":"Stress stemming from increasing energy demands in residential areas can cause electric overloads, which will either destroy grid components or shorten the equipment's life expectancy. To overcome this problem, residential load management has become essential. In this paper, we propose a comfort based smart load management algorithm to efficiently manage random and uncontrolled residential loads. Unlike most demand response programs, the proposed algorithm gives the user the choice to prioritize either comfort or savings. As a result, the end user's comfort requirements and preferences are preserved. A game theoretic approach is used to formulate the energy consumption problem. Simulation results show that the algorithm achieves high cost savings and flattens the load while taking into account the user's comfort. The algorithm is scalable, converges in acceptable times, preserves users' privacy, and introduces a very limited amount of overhead in the system.","PeriodicalId":311325,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Green Technologies Conference (GreenTech)","volume":"753 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132651722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/GREENTECH.2013.16
Chow Chompoo-inwai, Jade Mungkornassawakul
Nowadays, to indicate the quality of Thailand's existing power system including the newly-installed distributed renewable energy sources, a number of pricy power quality analyzers are being used in most areas. This article proposes an alternative of such equipment called a smart recording power analyzer prototype (SRPA) using a combination of LabVIEW™ algorithms and a low-cost data acquisition (DAQ) device. The newly-proposed set of equipment not only has the ability to achieve the same accuracy and functionalities of currently-used power analyzers, but also has the advanced features supporting Thailand's future-to-come smart grid system. The proposed SRPA is capable of simultaneous monitoring/recording both numerical data and waveforms in normal system operating conditions and when fault occurs e.g. voltage, current, frequency, real and reactive power, apparent power, energy consumption, power factor, harmonic distortion, voltage/frequency fluctuation, voltage unbalance, sag-swell, symmetrical components, flickers and many kind of faults detection. In this paper, the SRPA hardware configurations and LabVIEW™ algorithms will be thoroughly elaborated. The accuracy verification process has been strictly done under various controllable conditions by comparing the results of the SRPA with the standard measuring units in both laboratory environment and two renewable energy power plants. Experimental results in the laboratory illustrate that the proposed SRPA is comparable in accuracy and far superior to several references in terms of functionalities and flexibilities. Experimental results from the two renewable power plants: (1) a 130kW-biogas pig farm power plant and (2) a 1MW solar power plant demonstrate that the proposed SRPA is highly efficient and reliable compared to the factory-installed measuring units. The average percent errors are less than 2%. The proposed SRPA also has the ability to be set up as a network which will be potentially beneficial for a future smart grid/micro grid online monitoring system.
{"title":"A Smart Recording Power Analyzer Prototype Using LabVIEW and Low-Cost Data Acquisition (DAQ) in Being a Smart Renewable Monitoring System","authors":"Chow Chompoo-inwai, Jade Mungkornassawakul","doi":"10.1109/GREENTECH.2013.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GREENTECH.2013.16","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, to indicate the quality of Thailand's existing power system including the newly-installed distributed renewable energy sources, a number of pricy power quality analyzers are being used in most areas. This article proposes an alternative of such equipment called a smart recording power analyzer prototype (SRPA) using a combination of LabVIEW™ algorithms and a low-cost data acquisition (DAQ) device. The newly-proposed set of equipment not only has the ability to achieve the same accuracy and functionalities of currently-used power analyzers, but also has the advanced features supporting Thailand's future-to-come smart grid system. The proposed SRPA is capable of simultaneous monitoring/recording both numerical data and waveforms in normal system operating conditions and when fault occurs e.g. voltage, current, frequency, real and reactive power, apparent power, energy consumption, power factor, harmonic distortion, voltage/frequency fluctuation, voltage unbalance, sag-swell, symmetrical components, flickers and many kind of faults detection. In this paper, the SRPA hardware configurations and LabVIEW™ algorithms will be thoroughly elaborated. The accuracy verification process has been strictly done under various controllable conditions by comparing the results of the SRPA with the standard measuring units in both laboratory environment and two renewable energy power plants. Experimental results in the laboratory illustrate that the proposed SRPA is comparable in accuracy and far superior to several references in terms of functionalities and flexibilities. Experimental results from the two renewable power plants: (1) a 130kW-biogas pig farm power plant and (2) a 1MW solar power plant demonstrate that the proposed SRPA is highly efficient and reliable compared to the factory-installed measuring units. The average percent errors are less than 2%. The proposed SRPA also has the ability to be set up as a network which will be potentially beneficial for a future smart grid/micro grid online monitoring system.","PeriodicalId":311325,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Green Technologies Conference (GreenTech)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133877468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/GREENTECH.2013.56
M. Vaziri, M. Afzal, M. Zarghami, A. Yazdani, S. Vadhva, F. Tavatli
Interconnection of the Distributed Generation (DG) at higher penetration levels to the distribution grid is causing different problems with voltage profile of a typical distribution feeder. In this paper some of the voltage problems caused by increasing penetration of DG along with the role of the Volt-VAr controlling devices to mitigate these problems are investigated and discussed. A real distribution circuit containing a synchronous generator, a line voltage regulator, and a Static VAr Compensator (SVC) was used for computer modeling. Simulations were conducted considering full load and light load conditions, without, then with DG at various penetration levels. Simulations' results verifying the high voltage conditions and unacceptable voltage flickers due to increased penetration of DG have been presented. It was also concluded that voltage regulator with certain settings and SVC can mitigate some of these problems.
{"title":"Voltage Impacts of DG on Distribution Grid with Voltage Regulators and SVCs","authors":"M. Vaziri, M. Afzal, M. Zarghami, A. Yazdani, S. Vadhva, F. Tavatli","doi":"10.1109/GREENTECH.2013.56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GREENTECH.2013.56","url":null,"abstract":"Interconnection of the Distributed Generation (DG) at higher penetration levels to the distribution grid is causing different problems with voltage profile of a typical distribution feeder. In this paper some of the voltage problems caused by increasing penetration of DG along with the role of the Volt-VAr controlling devices to mitigate these problems are investigated and discussed. A real distribution circuit containing a synchronous generator, a line voltage regulator, and a Static VAr Compensator (SVC) was used for computer modeling. Simulations were conducted considering full load and light load conditions, without, then with DG at various penetration levels. Simulations' results verifying the high voltage conditions and unacceptable voltage flickers due to increased penetration of DG have been presented. It was also concluded that voltage regulator with certain settings and SVC can mitigate some of these problems.","PeriodicalId":311325,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Green Technologies Conference (GreenTech)","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125102503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/GREENTECH.2013.11
R. Bruninga, Jill A. T. Sorensen
Due to a century of gas-tank / gas-station legacy, most of the current focus on Electrical Vehicle (EV) charging has been with respect to public charging, range anxiety, charging speed, and grid impact. Unfortunately, this focus overlooks the existing grid structure that is readily available at little to no additional cost (the ubiquitous 120V outlet) and overlooks the convenience of charging-while-parked The true promise of the EV is its ability to charge anywhere/everywhere from the national grid instead of only at “stations”. And the most prevalent, accessible, and visible manifestation of the grid is this standard 120v outlet (L1 charging). The often touted issues of availability, time-to-charge, and impact on the grid virtually vanish when EV's are simply plugged into a standard outlet while parked at home and at work. Simple 120v charging is practical, low cost, efficient, and is a minimal impact approach to achieve smart grid functionality now while waiting for the future Smart Grid. Convenient technology exists to facilitate this simple “85% solution” but it also requires education and public outreach to be effective.
{"title":"Charging EVs Efficiently NOW While Waiting for the Smart Grid","authors":"R. Bruninga, Jill A. T. Sorensen","doi":"10.1109/GREENTECH.2013.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GREENTECH.2013.11","url":null,"abstract":"Due to a century of gas-tank / gas-station legacy, most of the current focus on Electrical Vehicle (EV) charging has been with respect to public charging, range anxiety, charging speed, and grid impact. Unfortunately, this focus overlooks the existing grid structure that is readily available at little to no additional cost (the ubiquitous 120V outlet) and overlooks the convenience of charging-while-parked The true promise of the EV is its ability to charge anywhere/everywhere from the national grid instead of only at “stations”. And the most prevalent, accessible, and visible manifestation of the grid is this standard 120v outlet (L1 charging). The often touted issues of availability, time-to-charge, and impact on the grid virtually vanish when EV's are simply plugged into a standard outlet while parked at home and at work. Simple 120v charging is practical, low cost, efficient, and is a minimal impact approach to achieve smart grid functionality now while waiting for the future Smart Grid. Convenient technology exists to facilitate this simple “85% solution” but it also requires education and public outreach to be effective.","PeriodicalId":311325,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Green Technologies Conference (GreenTech)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115382300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-04DOI: 10.1109/GREENTECH.2013.47
V. Alimisis, Chiara Piacentini, J. King, P. Taylor
This paper presents zones for the control and operation of future complex power systems, which could be highly distributed both in terms of generation sources but also concerning the control and decision making components. The zones presented are sub regions of a power network and constitute sympathetic entities in terms of operational flexibility, with potentially dynamic boundaries, serving a judiciously selected control algorithm or technique. The IEEE 57-bus power system is used as a case study and the significance of the control intelligence to zoning is further emphasized.
{"title":"Operation and Control Zones for Future Complex Power Systems","authors":"V. Alimisis, Chiara Piacentini, J. King, P. Taylor","doi":"10.1109/GREENTECH.2013.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GREENTECH.2013.47","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents zones for the control and operation of future complex power systems, which could be highly distributed both in terms of generation sources but also concerning the control and decision making components. The zones presented are sub regions of a power network and constitute sympathetic entities in terms of operational flexibility, with potentially dynamic boundaries, serving a judiciously selected control algorithm or technique. The IEEE 57-bus power system is used as a case study and the significance of the control intelligence to zoning is further emphasized.","PeriodicalId":311325,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Green Technologies Conference (GreenTech)","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127350065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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