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Identification Causes Leaf Spot Disease in Cempaka (Magnolia elegans (Blume.) H.Keng) Seedling and Its Control Techniques 白玉兰(Magnolia elegans)叶斑病的鉴定《苗木及其防治技术》
Pub Date : 2015-12-29 DOI: 10.20886/jwas.v2i2.843
A. Irawan, I. Anggraeni, M. Christita
This research purposes to identify the pathogen causing leaf spot in cempaka seedling and its control technique. Identify cause of disease is necessary to know precise technique control. Identification of disease was conducted in m a croscopic appearances and microscopically to determine pathogens. Identification is done by using the determination key of fungi. The results showed that the early signs of leaf spot disease on cempaka seedlings in the nursery are streaks or spots on the leaf surface with distinct boundaries . Leaf spots are formed generally brown surrounded by darker boundaries . The result shows leaf spot disease on cempaka seedling was caused by fungal pathogen Colletotrichum sp. Techniques for controlling the disease can be done by isolating the infected seeds, reducing the intensity of canopy, and using the appropriate fungicides.
本研究的目的是鉴定引起天蚕幼苗叶斑病的病原菌及其防治技术。确定病因是掌握精确技术控制的必要条件。疾病的鉴定是在显微镜下进行的,显微镜下确定病原体。用真菌的测定键进行鉴定。结果表明:苗圃小白菜叶斑病发病早期表现为叶片表面出现条状或斑点状,边界明显;叶斑通常形成棕色,周围有较深的边界。结果表明,黄芩幼苗叶斑病是由真菌病原菌炭疽菌(Colletotrichum sp.)引起的,防治措施可采取分离侵染种子、降低树冠强度和使用适当的杀菌剂等措施。
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引用次数: 3
Ethnic Influence Against Land Use Patterns and Its Contribution to Community Income in The Aketajawe Lolobata National Park 族群对土地使用模式的影响及其对社区收入的贡献在Aketajawe Lolobata国家公园
Pub Date : 2015-12-29 DOI: 10.20886/jwas.v2i2.839
Lis Nurrani, Halidah Halidah, S. Tabba
Buffer zone management is a n integrated practice of managing forest and agriculture land based on biophysical nature of region and social - culture combination to obtain an optimum forest and agriculture products that support local livelihood economy . The study was to identify the community land use patterns that shapes the buffer zone of Aketajawe Lolobata National Park particularly at Aketajawe block . Sampling villages were determined by stratification based on the distance from the National Park boundary which varie d between 5 km. The purposive random sampling was chosen 82 r espondents to be interviewed. Land use pattern which applied by communities were divided into six groups according to cultivated commodities i.e. community forest , mixed garden, monoculture garden, intercropping garden, horticultur e and rice fields. The differen ce s of these patterns were influenced by background and origin of communities . T he indigenous people of Halmahera island used their land as mixed garden while the settler used theirs as rice field and horticulture. Based on the l and cover quality , mixed garden pattern was more similar to forest vegetation than another pattern. Rice field pattern gave the largest economic contribution while community forest gave the lowest contribution to the farmer’s income.
缓冲区管理是基于区域生物物理性质和社会文化结合,以获得支持当地民生经济的最佳林农产品为目的,对林地和农用地进行综合管理的实践。该研究旨在确定形成Aketajawe Lolobata国家公园缓冲区的社区土地使用模式,特别是在Aketajawe街区。抽样村是根据距离国家公园边界5公里的距离分层确定的。采用有目的的随机抽样,选取882名受访者进行访谈。根据种植商品的不同,将社区的土地利用模式分为群落林、混合园、单一园、间作园、园艺园和稻田6类。这些模式的差异受群落背景和起源的影响。Halmahera岛的土著居民将他们的土地用作混合花园,而移民则将他们的土地用作稻田和园艺。综合植被覆盖度和植被覆盖度,混合园林格局更接近森林植被。稻田模式对农民收入的经济贡献最大,而社区森林模式对农民收入的经济贡献最低。
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引用次数: 0
Variation in Growth Traits of Ironwood (Eusideroxylon zwageri T. ET B.) Progeny Trial in Bondowoso (Variasi Sifat Pertumbuhan Ulin (Eusideroxylon Zwageri T. Et B.) Pada Uji Keturunan di Bondowoso) 铁木(Eusideroxylon zwageri T.ET B.)在Bondowoso的后代试验(Variasi Sifat Pertumbuhan Ulin(Eusideoxylon zwageri T.ET B.)Pada Uji Keturunan di Bondowoso)生长性状的变化
Pub Date : 2015-12-21 DOI: 10.20886/jwas.v2i2.878
Prastyono Prastyono, M. Susanto
The estimation of genetic parameters for stem diameter and plant height of ironwood ( Eusideroxylon zwageri T. et B.) was conducted in a progeny trial in Bondowoso, East Java at the age of 5,5 years. The trial was arranged in an incomplete block design, which comprised of 49 families from three provenances (Batanghari, Berau and Kutai Kertanegara) with 4 replications and single tree plot. Families of Batanghari provenance showed the best growth of stem diameter and plant height compared with another provenance. There was significant difference in plant height between families within provenance, whereas stem diameter was not significantly different both of between provenance as well as between families within one provenance. Non-genetic or environmental factors provide considerable influence on plant growth in the progeny test of ironwood until the age of 5.5 years; it was indicated by the residual variance component. Individual heritability for plant height was considered as high (0.37) and stem diameter was considered as moderate (0.26). There was a strong genetic correlation between the stem diameter and plant height (0.95). This information is very important for future genetic improvement of ironwood.
在东爪哇Bondowoso进行了铁木(Eusideroxylon zwageri T. et B.) 5、5岁子代试验,对其茎粗和株高的遗传参数进行了估计。试验采用不完全区组设计,包括来自3个种源(Batanghari、Berau和Kutai Kertanegara)的49个家系,4个重复,单株样地。巴当哈里种源的茎粗和株高的生长均优于其他种源。种源内科间株高差异显著,而茎粗差异不显著,种源间和同一种源内科间差异不显著。非遗传或环境因素对铁木后代生长的影响较大,直至5.5岁;用残差分量表示。株高的个体遗传力高(0.37),茎粗的个体遗传力中等(0.26)。茎粗与株高有较强的遗传相关(0.95)。这对今后铁木的遗传改良具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 3
Composition and Structure of Tiwoho Mangrove Vegetation at Bunaken National Parkional Park (Komposisi Dan Struktur Vegetasi Mangrove Tiwoho di Kawasan Taman Nasional Bunaken) 布纳肯国家公园蒂沃霍红树林植被的组成与结构
Pub Date : 2015-12-21 DOI: 10.20886/jwas.v2i2.880
S. Tabba, N. Wahyuni, H. S. Mokodompit
Tiwoho mangrove forest islocated in north coast of North Sulawesi province.This area functions as life buffer system for community and sustainability of Bunaken National Park. Due to t he important and strategic role s of mangrove in protection and ecological functions, therefore , it is need ed to know scientific information about mangrove population dynamics. This research aims to know the vegetation composition and structure vegetation of Tiwoho mangrove forest. D ata collection used 20x20 m sample plot s that were sistematically laid from the sea to the land side up to the highest tidal line. D istance between plots along 25 m . Results showed that at tree level Sonneratia alba ha d the highest Important Value Index (IVI) of 206,88 % and Brugueira sp of 46,06 % . Although Rhizopora apiculata value is lower than Brugueira sp . B ut the values of relative frequency of these species are almost similar . It means that both species are frequently found in observation plot s . Rhizophora apiculata dominate at pole and sapling levels , but frequency of occurance this species is lower than Brugueira sp in pole level .
Tiwoho红树林位于北苏拉威西省的北海岸。该区域是布纳肯国家公园社区和可持续发展的生命缓冲系统。由于红树林在保护和生态功能方面具有重要的战略作用,因此有必要了解红树林种群动态的科学信息。本研究旨在了解提沃湖红树林的植被组成和结构植被。D数据采集采用20 × 20 m样地,从海洋到陆地,直至最高潮汐线,系统地铺设样地。地块间间距25m。结果表明,在乔木水平上,海桑的重要价值指数(IVI)最高,为206.88%;虽然尖根霉的价值低于Brugueira sp .。但这些物种的相对频率值几乎是相似的。这意味着这两种物种在观测图中经常被发现。尖根霉(Rhizophora apiculata)在极层和幼树层均占优势,但在极层的发生频率低于Brugueira sp .。
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引用次数: 1
Growth of 5 Provenances at 6 Months Old Alstonia Scholaris in Sumber Klampok, Bali (Pertumbuhan Lima Provenan Pulai Gading (Alstonia Scholaris) Umur 6 Bulan di Sumber Klampok, Bali) 巴厘岛Sumber Klampok 6个月大的5个种源的生长
Pub Date : 2015-12-21 DOI: 10.20886/JWAS.V2I2.875
M. Mashudi
Alstonia scholaris (L.) R.Br. is one of native and fast growing species in Indonesia. This species is potential for forest plantation. Its wood can be used for boxes, matches, heelpiece, crafts (mask and puppet),  pencil slate, and pulp. This paper aims to study the growth of Alstonia scholaris at 6 month old in Sumber Klampok, Bali. This experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with provenances as treatment. The research used 5 provenances, i.e. Lombok (NTB), Jayapura (Papua), Solok (West Sumatera), Timor (NTT) and Bali. Material genetic from 46 parent trees were used and we observed 4 seedling of each patent trees with 6 replications. The result showed that provenances of Bali, Lombok dan NTT were the best provenances for survival rate, height, and stem diameter.
金菖蒲(L.)R.Br。是印度尼西亚的本地和快速生长的物种之一。本种具有造林潜力。它的木材可以用来做盒子、火柴、鞋跟、工艺品(面具和木偶)、铅笔板和纸浆。本文旨在研究巴厘岛萨姆伯克兰堡6个月大的Alstonia scholaris的生长情况。本试验采用完全随机区组设计,以种源为处理。该研究使用了5个种源,即龙目岛(NTB)、查亚普拉岛(巴布亚)、索洛克岛(西苏门答腊)、帝汶岛(NTT)和巴厘岛。材料遗传来自46株亲本树,每株专利树4株,6个重复。结果表明,以巴厘岛、龙目岛和NTT种源成活率、株高和茎粗最好。
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引用次数: 0
Identification of Causes of Red Leaf Spot on Red Jabon (Anthocephalus macrophyllus (Roxb.) Havil) Seeds in Kima Atas Permanent Nursery, Manado Forestry Research Institute 红叶斑病发生原因的鉴定万鸦老林业研究所Kima Atas永久苗圃的Havil种子
Pub Date : 2015-12-21 DOI: 10.20886/JWAS.V2I2.877
H. Hidayah, I. Anggraeni
Fulfillment the needs of Red Jabon ( Anthocephalus macrophyllus (Roxb.) Havil) seeds on the other hand can create an unbalanced ecosystem. The availability of red Jabon seed was becoming a source of food for pests, then it causes an explosion of pests and pathogens. The disease that most often affect red Jabon seeds, both in the nursery and in the field was red leaf spot (antraknose). The initial step to control red leaf spot disease is the identification of causing. Identification method performed by observation of the symptoms in the field, followed by microscopic observation in a laboratory. Based on the identification result, it was known that the disease caused by the fungus Cercospora sp., Colletotrichum sp. and Pestalotia sp. The effect caused by those fungal pathogens was the disruption of the photosynthetic process that ultimately inhibits the growth of red Jabon seeds. The controls which have been done are arranged the watering intensity, isolated the infected seed,and  applied the chemical fungicide.
满足红贾蓬(Anthocephalus macrophyllus)的需求另一方面,种子会造成生态系统的不平衡。红色Jabon种子的可用性成为害虫的食物来源,然后它导致害虫和病原体的爆炸。在苗圃和田间,最常影响红Jabon种子的疾病是红叶斑疹病(antraknose)。控制红叶斑病的第一步是查明病因。鉴定方法是实地观察症状,然后在实验室进行显微镜观察。鉴定结果表明,该病害是由真菌Cercospora sp.、Colletotrichum sp.和Pestalotia sp.引起的,这些真菌病原体的作用是破坏光合过程,最终抑制红Jabon种子的生长。采取了安排浇水强度、分离病种、施用化学杀菌剂等防治措施。
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引用次数: 1
Effectivity of Using Growth Retardants on Shorea assamica Dyer Seedling at Nursery 苗圃中使用生长抑制剂对苦楝幼苗的效果研究
Pub Date : 2015-06-26 DOI: 10.20886/jwas.v2i1.869
A. Irawan, Iwanuddin Iwanuddin
The use of growth retardants widely used as a solution in the storage material for the propagation of plant species that have recalcitrant seed types. White meranti (S.assamica) is one kind of commercial timber from dipterocarp family found in Sulawesi. This species is one of the types of plants that have the type of recalcitrant seeds. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of using growth retardants in the nursery.The experimental design used in this research is completely randomized design. The results showed the use of growth retardants provide excellent effectiveness in inhibiting the growth of seedling of S.assamica. Paklobutrazol of 250 ppm is a the best treatment that can provide growth inhibition. Percentage of growth inhibition of seedling age of 6 months amounted to 75,14 % (height) and 33,33% (diameter).
生长缓凝剂的使用被广泛用作具有顽固性种子类型的植物物种繁殖的储存材料的溶液。白莫兰蒂(s.a assamica)是苏拉威西岛发现的一种商业木材。本种是具有顽固性种子的植物类型之一。本研究旨在确定在苗圃中使用生长迟缓剂的效果。本研究采用的实验设计为完全随机设计。结果表明,使用生长抑制剂可以有效地抑制沙麻幼苗的生长。百万分之250的百氯丁唑是抑制生长的最佳药剂。苗龄6个月生长抑制率分别为75.14%(高)和33.33%(径)。
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引用次数: 0
Genetic Variation in Growth Traits of Two Years Old Ficus variegata Blume 2年生无花果生长性状的遗传变异
Pub Date : 2015-06-26 DOI: 10.20886/JWAS.V2I1.870
L. Haryjanto
A progeny trial of nyawai (Ficus variegata Blume) with subline system was established in Mangunan, Bantul, Yogyakarta and designed as a Randomized Completely Block Design. Lombok subline comprised of 17 families and Cilacap-Pangandaran subline comprised of 19 families. This study was aimed to observe  growth variation and genetic parameter of these sublines  at two years after planting. Varians analysis was performed  to find out family  effect on survival,  height, and diameter traits.  Component varians analysis was used to estimate coefficient of genetic variation and heritability. This study showed that survival rate of the trial ranged from 89.01%  to 91.42%. Family effect on height and diameter variation was very significant at both sublines. Estimation coefficient of genetic variation for height and diameter traits ranged from 4.41% to 9.04% or categorized as intermediate. Individual heritabilities for height traits ranged from 0.15 to 0.22;  diameter ranged from 0.18 to 0.09, while family heritabilities for height and diameter traits  ranged from 0.49 to 0.60 and 0.29 to 0.66 respectively.
采用完全随机区组设计,在日惹市万古南、班图尔、万古南等地建立了无花果(Ficus variegata Blume)子系统的子代试验。龙目岛支线由17个家庭组成,Cilacap-Pangandaran支线由19个家庭组成。本研究旨在观察这些亚系在种植后2年的生长变化和遗传参数。进行方差分析,找出家族对存活率、身高和直径性状的影响。采用成分方差分析估计遗传变异系数和遗传力。本研究显示,该试验的生存率为89.01% ~ 91.42%。在两个亚系中,株高和株径变异的家族效应都非常显著。高、径性状的遗传变异估计系数在4.41% ~ 9.04%之间,为中间值。身高性状的个体遗传力在0.15 ~ 0.22之间;直径性状的家族遗传力为0.18 ~ 0.09,高和直径性状的家族遗传力分别为0.49 ~ 0.60和0.29 ~ 0.66。
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引用次数: 1
Institution and Communities Participation in the Conservation Of Mangrove/Case Study in Tiwoho Village, North Province 机构和社区参与红树林保护/北省Tiwoho村案例研究
Pub Date : 2015-06-26 DOI: 10.20886/jwas.v2i1.866
Lis Nurrani, M. Bismark, S. Tabba
Institutional and community participation is an important aspect being the main pillar in the implementation of the rehabilitation of mangroves. There is rarely any failure in the mangrove rehabilitation because it is not supported by the institutional role to its full potential. This research aimed to inventory the role of institutions and community participation in mangrove conservation in the coastal zone, Tiwoho Village, North Sulawesi Province. Selection of study areas and respondents done by purposive sampling. Data colected by field observation and structured interview with key respondents by using the snawball method. Research showed that some institutions has a major contribution in initiating mangrove conservation in Tiwoho are public figures, village government, NGOs, religious institutions, institutions of formal education, and foreign researcher. The form of community participation in conserving mangrove among others are not cut down of mangrove wood for any reason planting seeds every oportunity and keep mangrove from other community disturbances. Several method of management are expected to be inspiration for stakeholders to be able developed a mangrove forest management system in different place which have similar characteristics.
机构和社区的参与是执行红树林恢复工作的主要支柱,是一个重要方面。红树林恢复很少有任何失败,因为它没有得到机构作用的支持,以充分发挥其潜力。本研究旨在调查机构和社区参与在北苏拉威西省Tiwoho村沿海地区红树林保护中的作用。通过有目的的抽样选择研究区域和受访者。数据通过实地观察和采用滚雪球法对主要受访者进行结构化访谈收集。研究表明,公众人物、村政府、非政府组织、宗教机构、正规教育机构和外国研究人员对Tiwoho红树林保护的发起做出了重大贡献。社区参与保护红树林的形式包括不以任何理由砍伐红树林,每有机会播种,使红树林免受其他社区干扰。几种管理方法有望为利益相关者提供启发,以便能够在具有相似特征的不同地方开发红树林管理系统。
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引用次数: 4
Diversity of Medicinal Plants on Coastal Forest in Tangkoko Natural Reserve 唐哥自然保护区滨海森林药用植物多样性研究
Pub Date : 2015-06-26 DOI: 10.20886/JWAS.V2I1.863
D. Arini, J. Kinho
The purpose of this research was to determine the potential diversity of medicinal plants in the coastal forests of Tangkoko Nature Reserve. The research was conducted in August and September 2009. The data were obtained through deep interviews with people who use herbs from the Tangkoko coastal forest. Field observations carried out to see what kind of herbs that are known by a list of medicinal plant species interviews. Data were analyzed descriptively and presented in tabular form or image. The results showed there are at least 45 species from Tangkoko coastal forest used in traditional medicine in community village of Batu Putih. Forty-five plant species were grouped into 31 Family which types of Family Euphorbiaceae had the highest number of species are 6 types. Based on habitus, known 25 species classified as trees, 10 species of shrubs, 7 types of herb and 3 types included in the vines. The several types of medical plants are often used consist of Epipremium elegans Engl used for injury., Ear inflammation using Canarium asperum Benth, thrush using Adenostema sp., kidney using Arenga pinata Wurmb Merr, or Callophyllum inophyllum L.), and herb for the treatment of postpartum ( Eltingera rosea BLBurtt & RMSm.).
本研究的目的是确定Tangkoko自然保护区沿海森林药用植物的潜在多样性。该研究于2009年8月和9月进行。这些数据是通过对使用来自Tangkoko沿海森林的草药的人进行深入访谈获得的。通过实地观察,了解了哪些种类的草药,并对已知的药用植物种类进行了访谈。对数据进行描述性分析,并以表格或图像形式呈现。结果表明,在Batu Putih社区村,至少有45种来自Tangkoko沿海森林的植物被用于传统医学。将45种植物分为31科,其中大戟科植物种类最多的有6种。根据生境,已知乔木25种,灌木10种,草本7种,藤本3种。常用的几种药用植物包括用于治疗损伤的菖蒲。耳部炎症用Canarium asperum Benth,鹅口疮用Adenostema sp.,肾脏用Arenga pinata Wurmb Merr,或callophylum inophyllum L.),产后治疗的草药(Eltingera rosea BLBurtt & RMSm.)。
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引用次数: 3
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