U. Maheshwari, M. Sharma, Varun Goel, P. Goyal, P. Jain, C. Agarwal, A. Jajodia, V. Talwar, Amrit Bp, S. Joga, D. Doval, S. Pasricha, V. Koyyala
Introduction Gastric cancer poses an enormous burden across the globe and India in terms of cancer-related mortality. There is paucity of epidemiological and survival data among young gastric cancer patients in India. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the general characteristics, clinical profile, and survival data of gastric cancer in young patients < 30 years at tertiary care institution at New Delhi, India. Materials and Methods Young gastric cancer patients (≤30 years) who were registered over a period of 7 years (2010–2017) were analyzed at a tertiary care center. Total of 2,735 patients of gastric cancers were registered out of which 70 cases were younger than 30 years, of which 63 patients were available for final analysis and data was missing for the remaining 7 cases. All patients underwent standard diagnostic and staging investigation and were staged as per American Joint Committee on Cancer 7 staging system. Lymph node ratio was calculated as number of positive nodes by the number of lymph nodes removed and were categorized as ≤0.6 and >0.6. Minimum follow-up of 1 year was required for inclusion in the study. Twelve patients were lost to follow-up and were not included for survival analysis. Results Younger patients (≤30 years) with gastric cancer were 2.5% of total gastric cancer patients. Mean age was 24.9 years with males being involved twice as commonly as females (2.15:1). Positive family history was present in 14.2% patients and smoking was present in 57.1% patients. Metastatic disease at presentation was present in 69.8% patients, while only 6.4% patients presented with stage I/II disease. Fourteen patients underwent surgery, out of which six patients underwent partial gastrectomy and remaining eight underwent total gastrectomy with D2 nodal dissection. Median overall survival was 10.8 months (8.8–12.8) and 2-year overall survival was 15.1%. Conclusion Incidence of stomach cancer in young patients is more than expected and more than global average in India. Most of these young patients are presenting in advanced stage and survival is poor compared with typical aged patients
{"title":"Clinical Profile and Outcomes of Treatment in Gastric Cancer in Young Patients in India","authors":"U. Maheshwari, M. Sharma, Varun Goel, P. Goyal, P. Jain, C. Agarwal, A. Jajodia, V. Talwar, Amrit Bp, S. Joga, D. Doval, S. Pasricha, V. Koyyala","doi":"10.1055/s-0042-1744451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1744451","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Introduction Gastric cancer poses an enormous burden across the globe and India in terms of cancer-related mortality. There is paucity of epidemiological and survival data among young gastric cancer patients in India. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the general characteristics, clinical profile, and survival data of gastric cancer in young patients < 30 years at tertiary care institution at New Delhi, India.\u0000 Materials and Methods Young gastric cancer patients (≤30 years) who were registered over a period of 7 years (2010–2017) were analyzed at a tertiary care center. Total of 2,735 patients of gastric cancers were registered out of which 70 cases were younger than 30 years, of which 63 patients were available for final analysis and data was missing for the remaining 7 cases. All patients underwent standard diagnostic and staging investigation and were staged as per American Joint Committee on Cancer 7 staging system. Lymph node ratio was calculated as number of positive nodes by the number of lymph nodes removed and were categorized as ≤0.6 and >0.6. Minimum follow-up of 1 year was required for inclusion in the study. Twelve patients were lost to follow-up and were not included for survival analysis.\u0000 Results Younger patients (≤30 years) with gastric cancer were 2.5% of total gastric cancer patients. Mean age was 24.9 years with males being involved twice as commonly as females (2.15:1). Positive family history was present in 14.2% patients and smoking was present in 57.1% patients. Metastatic disease at presentation was present in 69.8% patients, while only 6.4% patients presented with stage I/II disease. Fourteen patients underwent surgery, out of which six patients underwent partial gastrectomy and remaining eight underwent total gastrectomy with D2 nodal dissection. Median overall survival was 10.8 months (8.8–12.8) and 2-year overall survival was 15.1%.\u0000 Conclusion Incidence of stomach cancer in young patients is more than expected and more than global average in India. Most of these young patients are presenting in advanced stage and survival is poor compared with typical aged patients","PeriodicalId":31357,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47273379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dar Abdul Waheed, Saba Sumaira, Lone Ahmad, Q. Ain, Sanaullah Kuchay, N. Dar
Abstract Background Cancer can have profound social and economic consequences for the people in India, often leading to family impoverishment and societal inequity. Reported age-adjusted incidence rates for cancer are still quite low in the demographically young country. Slightly more than 1 million new cases of cancer are diagnosed every year in a population of 1.2 billion. It accounts for about 23 and 7% deaths in United States and India, respectively. The world's population is expected to be 7.5 billion by 2020 and approximations predict that about 15.0 million new cancer cases will be diagnosed, with deaths of about 12.0 million cancer patients. Early detection of cancers is a challenging task because clinical symptoms develop slowly. Objective The aim of the present study was to analyze the cancer scenario in the Kashmir valley. Materials and Methods This was a retrospective study. So, all patients were included who had histopathologically confirmed neoplasm registered at Regional Cancer Centre of Government Medical College Srinagar, Kashmir between 2015 and 2018. All the patient characteristics including age, sex, and anatomical site of the disease were studied in detail. Results The number of cancer patients in 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018 were 230, 239, 391, and 511, respectively, with a combined total of 1,371. Thus, it is clear from these figures that the number of cancer cases has increased gradually with time. Stomach cancer is the most common cancer in the Kashmir territory. In males the most common cancer is stomach cancer with 175 (12.8%) reported cases and in females the most common cancer is breast cancer with 151 (11%) reported cases. The male to female ratio was 1.4:1. Conclusion A careful reading the reported cancer cases indicates an increased number of cancer patients every year in Indian-occupied Kashmir. Kashmir is a growing state in India playing a crucial role in the development of India and, hence, it needs special attention on this issue. A multidisciplinary approach to cancer treatment is essential and this has to be made available at all regional cancer centers. Cancer control is an area in which we need participation from all sectors of the society.
{"title":"Cancer Scenario in Kashmir—A Study Conducted in a Tertiary Care Center, Srinagar, Kashmir, India","authors":"Dar Abdul Waheed, Saba Sumaira, Lone Ahmad, Q. Ain, Sanaullah Kuchay, N. Dar","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1740107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1740107","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Cancer can have profound social and economic consequences for the people in India, often leading to family impoverishment and societal inequity. Reported age-adjusted incidence rates for cancer are still quite low in the demographically young country. Slightly more than 1 million new cases of cancer are diagnosed every year in a population of 1.2 billion. It accounts for about 23 and 7% deaths in United States and India, respectively. The world's population is expected to be 7.5 billion by 2020 and approximations predict that about 15.0 million new cancer cases will be diagnosed, with deaths of about 12.0 million cancer patients. Early detection of cancers is a challenging task because clinical symptoms develop slowly. Objective The aim of the present study was to analyze the cancer scenario in the Kashmir valley. Materials and Methods This was a retrospective study. So, all patients were included who had histopathologically confirmed neoplasm registered at Regional Cancer Centre of Government Medical College Srinagar, Kashmir between 2015 and 2018. All the patient characteristics including age, sex, and anatomical site of the disease were studied in detail. Results The number of cancer patients in 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018 were 230, 239, 391, and 511, respectively, with a combined total of 1,371. Thus, it is clear from these figures that the number of cancer cases has increased gradually with time. Stomach cancer is the most common cancer in the Kashmir territory. In males the most common cancer is stomach cancer with 175 (12.8%) reported cases and in females the most common cancer is breast cancer with 151 (11%) reported cases. The male to female ratio was 1.4:1. Conclusion A careful reading the reported cancer cases indicates an increased number of cancer patients every year in Indian-occupied Kashmir. Kashmir is a growing state in India playing a crucial role in the development of India and, hence, it needs special attention on this issue. A multidisciplinary approach to cancer treatment is essential and this has to be made available at all regional cancer centers. Cancer control is an area in which we need participation from all sectors of the society.","PeriodicalId":31357,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46848128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diar Mia Ardani, Bakti Surarso, N. Purnami, R. F. Perdana
Introduction Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the most common malignancy in the field of otorhinolaryngology, and chronic pain is identical with this malignancy. Pain therapy according to World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations is WHO 3-step analgesic ladder. Pain is subjective and related to the function of beta-endorphin hormone. Objective Analyzing the relationship between the degree of pain and plasma endorphin levels in stage III–IV NPC patients before and after the administration of WHO 3-step analgesic ladder. Materials and Methods The study design used pretest and posttest without control design. Participants were given WHO 3-step analgesic ladder therapy for 3 days. The participants then rated the pain scale using the visual analog scale (VAS) and plasma beta-endorphin levels in venous blood. The statistical test used the dependent t-test, Wilcoxon test, and Spearman test with p < 0.05, confidence interval: 95%. Results There were 14 stage-III NPC patients with moderate pain (78.57%) and 31 stage-IV NPC participants had moderate pain (83.87%; p = 0.071). The VAS value in the moderate pain group before and after therapy was 82.22 and 66.67%, respectively (p < 0.001). The values of plasma beta-endorphin levels before and after therapy were 74.89 ± 69.12 and 72.49 ± 75.53 pg/mL, respectively (p = 0.647). Plasma beta-endorphin levels were −19.20 ± 37.72 pg/mL (mild pain), −4.76 ± 35.30 pg/mL (moderate pain), and −21.67 ± 6.27 pg/mL (severe pain; p = 0.717). Conclusion Pain levels in advanced NPC patients have decreased after the therapy, but plasma beta-endorphin levels have no significant difference.
{"title":"Changes in Plasma Beta-Endorphin Levels in Stage III–IV Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients Post World Health Organization 3-Step Analgesic Ladder Therapy","authors":"Diar Mia Ardani, Bakti Surarso, N. Purnami, R. F. Perdana","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1740108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1740108","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Introduction Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the most common malignancy in the field of otorhinolaryngology, and chronic pain is identical with this malignancy. Pain therapy according to World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations is WHO 3-step analgesic ladder. Pain is subjective and related to the function of beta-endorphin hormone.\u0000 Objective Analyzing the relationship between the degree of pain and plasma endorphin levels in stage III–IV NPC patients before and after the administration of WHO 3-step analgesic ladder.\u0000 Materials and Methods The study design used pretest and posttest without control design. Participants were given WHO 3-step analgesic ladder therapy for 3 days. The participants then rated the pain scale using the visual analog scale (VAS) and plasma beta-endorphin levels in venous blood. The statistical test used the dependent t-test, Wilcoxon test, and Spearman test with p < 0.05, confidence interval: 95%.\u0000 Results There were 14 stage-III NPC patients with moderate pain (78.57%) and 31 stage-IV NPC participants had moderate pain (83.87%; p = 0.071). The VAS value in the moderate pain group before and after therapy was 82.22 and 66.67%, respectively (p < 0.001). The values of plasma beta-endorphin levels before and after therapy were 74.89 ± 69.12 and 72.49 ± 75.53 pg/mL, respectively (p = 0.647). Plasma beta-endorphin levels were −19.20 ± 37.72 pg/mL (mild pain), −4.76 ± 35.30 pg/mL (moderate pain), and −21.67 ± 6.27 pg/mL (severe pain; p = 0.717).\u0000 Conclusion Pain levels in advanced NPC patients have decreased after the therapy, but plasma beta-endorphin levels have no significant difference.","PeriodicalId":31357,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44613170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Shahi, V. Koyyala, Ela Singh Rathaur, Md. Assaduzaman Biddut, Anwor Hossain, Md. Kamrul Hasan, J. Alam, Tanzina Hossain, N. Khatun
Abstract Background Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies and a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. It is the fourth leading cancer in Bangladesh. Identification of risk factors, effective prevention, and early diagnosis are the most important interventions against GC. Objectives To find an association of dietary and behavioral factors in the development of GC among the Bangladeshi population. Methods This case–control study was conducted from January 2017 to December 2018 at the National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. A total of 178 patients were studied (89 case and 89 controls). Data were collected via face-to-face interview using a standard structured questionnaire, posing questions about socio-demographic, behavioral and dietary habits, and clinical factors. A binary logistic regression method was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR). Results Among 178 patients, the age group ranged from 30 to 80 years and most patients were between 51 to 60 years. The results showed that regular consumption of red meat, duration of smoking, smokeless tobacco, fast food and fatty food, and family history of any type of cancer were directly associated with the risk of GC. On the contrary, a habit of regular walking and playing sports has an inverse association with GC. Adjusted OR shows regular consumption of red meat has 2.6 times more risk (OR = 2.661) of developing GC compared with irregular meat consumption, and a person with a history of Helicobacter pylori infection is 53% (OR = 7.263; 95% confidence interval: 3.614–14.597) more likely to develop cancer. In contrast, people who were doing exercise regularly for at least 30 minutes/day are 62.7% (OR = 0.373) less likely to develop GC than those who did not. Conclusion The study showed an association of some dietary and behavioral factor in the development of GC. However, more research in this field is required to understand the etiology, for the development of suitable screening test, for demarcation of high-risk population, and to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of primary prevention programs.
{"title":"Association between Gastric Cancer with Behavioral and Dietary Factors: A Hospital Based Case-Control Study in South Asia","authors":"A. Shahi, V. Koyyala, Ela Singh Rathaur, Md. Assaduzaman Biddut, Anwor Hossain, Md. Kamrul Hasan, J. Alam, Tanzina Hossain, N. Khatun","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1740106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1740106","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies and a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. It is the fourth leading cancer in Bangladesh. Identification of risk factors, effective prevention, and early diagnosis are the most important interventions against GC. Objectives To find an association of dietary and behavioral factors in the development of GC among the Bangladeshi population. Methods This case–control study was conducted from January 2017 to December 2018 at the National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. A total of 178 patients were studied (89 case and 89 controls). Data were collected via face-to-face interview using a standard structured questionnaire, posing questions about socio-demographic, behavioral and dietary habits, and clinical factors. A binary logistic regression method was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR). Results Among 178 patients, the age group ranged from 30 to 80 years and most patients were between 51 to 60 years. The results showed that regular consumption of red meat, duration of smoking, smokeless tobacco, fast food and fatty food, and family history of any type of cancer were directly associated with the risk of GC. On the contrary, a habit of regular walking and playing sports has an inverse association with GC. Adjusted OR shows regular consumption of red meat has 2.6 times more risk (OR = 2.661) of developing GC compared with irregular meat consumption, and a person with a history of Helicobacter pylori infection is 53% (OR = 7.263; 95% confidence interval: 3.614–14.597) more likely to develop cancer. In contrast, people who were doing exercise regularly for at least 30 minutes/day are 62.7% (OR = 0.373) less likely to develop GC than those who did not. Conclusion The study showed an association of some dietary and behavioral factor in the development of GC. However, more research in this field is required to understand the etiology, for the development of suitable screening test, for demarcation of high-risk population, and to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of primary prevention programs.","PeriodicalId":31357,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45832362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Arif Sudianto Utama, W. A. Kentjono, H. M. Ekorini
Introduction Adenoid hypertrophy is a change in adenoid size that can lead to obstruction the Eustachian tube and become a risk factor for otitis media effusion (OME) in children. Standard objective examination of adenoid hypertrophy uses adenoid-nasopharyngeal ratio (A-N ratio) based on correct lateral skull radiography. Adenoid hypertrophy is one of the factors causing OME in children. There is still much debate about the association between A-N ratio and tympanogram width (Tw). Determining the association of A-N ratio and Tw in adenoid hypertrophy patients. Methods Participants performed a true lateral radiographic examination using Fujioka method to determine A-N ratio, and Tw to determine middle-ear pressure. The distance between examination of A-N ratio and tympanogram examination was at maximum of ~1 week. The association between A-N ratio and Tw in patients with adenoid hypertrophy used the Pearson correlation test. This research employed significance level p < 0.05. Results Most participants were aged between 6 and 10 years (38.10%), male patients (57.14%), and the symptom most participants complained of was snoring during sleep (38.10%). Most participants had A-N ratio of 0.53 to 0.70 (61.90%) with an average of 0.60 ± 0.05. The average value of Tw measurement was 102.83 ± 50.03 daPa (r = 0.605; p < 0.001). Conclusion There is a significant association between A-N ratio base on true lateral radiographic examination and Tw in adenoid hypertrophy patients.
{"title":"Association between Adenoid-Nasopharyngeal Ratio and Tympanogram Width in Adenoid Hypertrophy Patients","authors":"Muhammad Arif Sudianto Utama, W. A. Kentjono, H. M. Ekorini","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1735332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1735332","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Introduction Adenoid hypertrophy is a change in adenoid size that can lead to obstruction the Eustachian tube and become a risk factor for otitis media effusion (OME) in children. Standard objective examination of adenoid hypertrophy uses adenoid-nasopharyngeal ratio (A-N ratio) based on correct lateral skull radiography. Adenoid hypertrophy is one of the factors causing OME in children. There is still much debate about the association between A-N ratio and tympanogram width (Tw). Determining the association of A-N ratio and Tw in adenoid hypertrophy patients.\u0000 Methods Participants performed a true lateral radiographic examination using Fujioka method to determine A-N ratio, and Tw to determine middle-ear pressure. The distance between examination of A-N ratio and tympanogram examination was at maximum of ~1 week. The association between A-N ratio and Tw in patients with adenoid hypertrophy used the Pearson correlation test. This research employed significance level p < 0.05.\u0000 Results Most participants were aged between 6 and 10 years (38.10%), male patients (57.14%), and the symptom most participants complained of was snoring during sleep (38.10%). Most participants had A-N ratio of 0.53 to 0.70 (61.90%) with an average of 0.60 ± 0.05. The average value of Tw measurement was 102.83 ± 50.03 daPa (r = 0.605; p < 0.001).\u0000 Conclusion There is a significant association between A-N ratio base on true lateral radiographic examination and Tw in adenoid hypertrophy patients.","PeriodicalId":31357,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43108293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Introduction Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) that can arise in any parts of the GIT. The clinical behavior and prognosis of GISTs remain unpredictable. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological features and prognostic factors of GISTs. Methods The medical files of 93 patients with nonmetastatic GIST presented to our hospital were reviewed. The clinical and pathological parameters, treatment, and follow-up data were collected and correlated to survival outcome using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results The median age of patients was 48.9 years with a slight male predominance. Abdominal pain (39.8%) was the commonly presenting symptom. About 60% of GISTs originated from the stomach and 22% from the small intestine. Tumors stained positive for CD117 in 95.7%. The median diameter of the tumors was 7 cm. Mitotic counts were < 5/50 high power field in 55.9% of tumors. About 44% of patients had high risk tumors. All patients underwent surgery and about 60.2% of patients received adjuvant imatinib mesylate. The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were 74.5 and 80%, respectively. Margin status, tumor site, tumor size, mitotic counts, and risk score were significantly associated with DFS and OS in both univariate and multivariate analyses. Conclusion Surgery is the mainstay treatment for nonmetastatic GISTs. Tumor size, tumor location, margin status, mitotic count, and risk score were predictive factors for DFS and OS of GISTs.
{"title":"Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: Alexandria University Experience","authors":"M. Soliman","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1735343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1735343","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) that can arise in any parts of the GIT. The clinical behavior and prognosis of GISTs remain unpredictable. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological features and prognostic factors of GISTs. Methods The medical files of 93 patients with nonmetastatic GIST presented to our hospital were reviewed. The clinical and pathological parameters, treatment, and follow-up data were collected and correlated to survival outcome using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results The median age of patients was 48.9 years with a slight male predominance. Abdominal pain (39.8%) was the commonly presenting symptom. About 60% of GISTs originated from the stomach and 22% from the small intestine. Tumors stained positive for CD117 in 95.7%. The median diameter of the tumors was 7 cm. Mitotic counts were < 5/50 high power field in 55.9% of tumors. About 44% of patients had high risk tumors. All patients underwent surgery and about 60.2% of patients received adjuvant imatinib mesylate. The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were 74.5 and 80%, respectively. Margin status, tumor site, tumor size, mitotic counts, and risk score were significantly associated with DFS and OS in both univariate and multivariate analyses. Conclusion Surgery is the mainstay treatment for nonmetastatic GISTs. Tumor size, tumor location, margin status, mitotic count, and risk score were predictive factors for DFS and OS of GISTs.","PeriodicalId":31357,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Oncology","volume":"07 1","pages":"142 - 148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48325435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Wulandari, Gatot Soegiarto, A. Febriani, Farah Fatmawati, Wirya Sastra Amran
Abstract Introduction There are a substantial number of lung cancer patients with negative mutations in Indonesia. This type of cancer is deemed to be the major contributor of lung cancer patient’s death. However, reseaerch related to therapy using vinorelbine combined with platinum-based compounds is still scarce in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and tolerability between vinorelbine and carboplatin with vinorelbin and cisplatin in stage III-IV epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations-negative non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods The participants were divided into two groups—group I(vinorelbine–carboplatin) and group II (vinorelbine–cisplatin). The participants were assessed based on several measurement criteria. Not only Eq-5D was performed, but the body weight and response evaluation criteria for solid tumors (RECIST) were also examined. The participants received chemotherapy for four cycles (1 cycle = 21 days). Results The quality of life was considered stable in 60% of group I and 60% of group II (p=0.255). In both groups, 46.67% of participants had an increased body weight, while the other 20.00% was stable (p = 1.000). In terms of RECIST evaluation after the second cycle, 80.00% of group I and 86.67% of group II were considered to have a stable disease, with 20% of group I and none of group II had partial response (p = 0.027). However, after the fourth cycle, there were no significant difference between the groups (p = 0.734). Conclusion In EGFR mutation-negative NSCLC patients, the combination of vinorelbine and carboplatin showed comparable outcomes to vinorelbine and cisplatin chemotherapy with no significant differences.
{"title":"Comparison between Vinorelbine–Carboplatin and Vinorelbine–Cisplatin in Stage III–IV EGFR Mutations-Negative NSCLC","authors":"L. Wulandari, Gatot Soegiarto, A. Febriani, Farah Fatmawati, Wirya Sastra Amran","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1730255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1730255","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction There are a substantial number of lung cancer patients with negative mutations in Indonesia. This type of cancer is deemed to be the major contributor of lung cancer patient’s death. However, reseaerch related to therapy using vinorelbine combined with platinum-based compounds is still scarce in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and tolerability between vinorelbine and carboplatin with vinorelbin and cisplatin in stage III-IV epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations-negative non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods The participants were divided into two groups—group I(vinorelbine–carboplatin) and group II (vinorelbine–cisplatin). The participants were assessed based on several measurement criteria. Not only Eq-5D was performed, but the body weight and response evaluation criteria for solid tumors (RECIST) were also examined. The participants received chemotherapy for four cycles (1 cycle = 21 days). Results The quality of life was considered stable in 60% of group I and 60% of group II (p=0.255). In both groups, 46.67% of participants had an increased body weight, while the other 20.00% was stable (p = 1.000). In terms of RECIST evaluation after the second cycle, 80.00% of group I and 86.67% of group II were considered to have a stable disease, with 20% of group I and none of group II had partial response (p = 0.027). However, after the fourth cycle, there were no significant difference between the groups (p = 0.734). Conclusion In EGFR mutation-negative NSCLC patients, the combination of vinorelbine and carboplatin showed comparable outcomes to vinorelbine and cisplatin chemotherapy with no significant differences.","PeriodicalId":31357,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42202924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sunitha Shankaralingappa, Hemangi Joshi, J. Patel, P. Patel, Jyoti Sawhney
Abstract Introduction In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3-internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD) is a common driver mutation associated with high tumor burden and poor prognosis. This mutation is common in normal karyotype AML and such patients have high leukocyte count. The presence of this mutation can be predicted by certain hematological and immunophenotypic characteristics in day-to-day practice. Objective This study was undertaken to assess the strength of association between FLT3 gene mutation and hematological and immunophenotypic characteristics. Materials and Methods Morphological, hematological, immunophenotypic, and cytogenetic characteristics of FLT3 mutations recorded in 424 patients of AML in adults and children between 2016 and 2019 in a tertiary care cancer center in Western India. Blasts were classified according to French-American-British method. Tumor burden was assessed by serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, leucocyte count, and peripheral smear blast percentage. Results Out of 424 cases, FLT3-ITD and FLT3-tyrosine kinase domain mutation were found in 72 and 25 AML patients, respectively. Patients with FLT3 mutation had high tumor burden, characterized by high leukocyte count (p < 0.001), peripheral blood (p = 0.01) and bone marrow (p = 0.03) blast percentage, and high serum LDH (mean 777.8 vs. 586; p = 0.10) compared with FLT3-negative patients. They also featured high platelet count (p < 0.001). Morphological, immunophenotypic, and cytogenetic characteristics also have been presented in the study. Conclusion Observations of the study suggest the presence of definitive hematological and immunophenotypic characteristics along with raised serum LDH levels serve as surrogate markers and indicators of FLT3 mutation in AML patients.
{"title":"FLT3 Gene Mutation in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Correlation with Hematological, Immunophenotypic, and Cytogenetic Characteristics","authors":"Sunitha Shankaralingappa, Hemangi Joshi, J. Patel, P. Patel, Jyoti Sawhney","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1731091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1731091","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3-internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD) is a common driver mutation associated with high tumor burden and poor prognosis. This mutation is common in normal karyotype AML and such patients have high leukocyte count. The presence of this mutation can be predicted by certain hematological and immunophenotypic characteristics in day-to-day practice. Objective This study was undertaken to assess the strength of association between FLT3 gene mutation and hematological and immunophenotypic characteristics. Materials and Methods Morphological, hematological, immunophenotypic, and cytogenetic characteristics of FLT3 mutations recorded in 424 patients of AML in adults and children between 2016 and 2019 in a tertiary care cancer center in Western India. Blasts were classified according to French-American-British method. Tumor burden was assessed by serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, leucocyte count, and peripheral smear blast percentage. Results Out of 424 cases, FLT3-ITD and FLT3-tyrosine kinase domain mutation were found in 72 and 25 AML patients, respectively. Patients with FLT3 mutation had high tumor burden, characterized by high leukocyte count (p < 0.001), peripheral blood (p = 0.01) and bone marrow (p = 0.03) blast percentage, and high serum LDH (mean 777.8 vs. 586; p = 0.10) compared with FLT3-negative patients. They also featured high platelet count (p < 0.001). Morphological, immunophenotypic, and cytogenetic characteristics also have been presented in the study. Conclusion Observations of the study suggest the presence of definitive hematological and immunophenotypic characteristics along with raised serum LDH levels serve as surrogate markers and indicators of FLT3 mutation in AML patients.","PeriodicalId":31357,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0041-1731091","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42709201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Introduction Clinical cancer can arise from heterogenous pathways through various genetic mutations. Although we cannot predict the timeline by which an individual will develop cancer, certain risk assessment tools can be used among high-risk groups for focusing the preventive activities. As primary level of cancer prevention, healthy lifestyle approach is being promoted. The etiological factors for lung cancer include by-products of industrialization and air pollution. We need to factor the increase in household air pollution as well. Methods “PubMed” database and Google search engines were used for searching the relevant articles. Search terms with Boolean operators used include “Cancer prevention,” “Missed opportunities in cancer causation,” and “incidence of risk factors.” This review includes 20 studies and other relevant literature that address the opportunities for cancer prevention. Body The narrative describes the association between many of the risk factors and development of cancer. This includes tobacco, alcohol, infections, air pollution, physical inactivity, diet, obesity, screening and preventive strategies, chemoprevention, biomarkers of carcinogenesis, and factors that prolong the diagnosis of cancer. Discussion Reports from basic science research provide evidence on the potential of biologically active food components and pharmacological agents for mitigating the risk of cancer and its progression. However, some reports from observational studies and randomized trials have been inconsistent. We need to recognize the impact of sociodemographic factors such as age, sex, ethnicity, culture, and comorbid illness on preventive interventions. Spiral computed tomographic scan is a robust tool for early detection of lung cancer. Conclusion Infectious etiology for specific cancers provides opportunities for prevention and treatment. The complex interplay between man and microbial flora needs to be dissected, for understanding the pathogenesis of relevant malignancies. For reducing the morbidity of cancer, we need to focus on prevention as a priority strategy and intervene early during the carcinogenic process.
{"title":"A Narrative Review of the Risk Factors for Cancer and the Preventive Opportunities: Current Status, Future Perspectives, and Implications for India","authors":"V. Ramani, G. V, R. Naik","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1731092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1731092","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction Clinical cancer can arise from heterogenous pathways through various genetic mutations. Although we cannot predict the timeline by which an individual will develop cancer, certain risk assessment tools can be used among high-risk groups for focusing the preventive activities. As primary level of cancer prevention, healthy lifestyle approach is being promoted. The etiological factors for lung cancer include by-products of industrialization and air pollution. We need to factor the increase in household air pollution as well. Methods “PubMed” database and Google search engines were used for searching the relevant articles. Search terms with Boolean operators used include “Cancer prevention,” “Missed opportunities in cancer causation,” and “incidence of risk factors.” This review includes 20 studies and other relevant literature that address the opportunities for cancer prevention. Body The narrative describes the association between many of the risk factors and development of cancer. This includes tobacco, alcohol, infections, air pollution, physical inactivity, diet, obesity, screening and preventive strategies, chemoprevention, biomarkers of carcinogenesis, and factors that prolong the diagnosis of cancer. Discussion Reports from basic science research provide evidence on the potential of biologically active food components and pharmacological agents for mitigating the risk of cancer and its progression. However, some reports from observational studies and randomized trials have been inconsistent. We need to recognize the impact of sociodemographic factors such as age, sex, ethnicity, culture, and comorbid illness on preventive interventions. Spiral computed tomographic scan is a robust tool for early detection of lung cancer. Conclusion Infectious etiology for specific cancers provides opportunities for prevention and treatment. The complex interplay between man and microbial flora needs to be dissected, for understanding the pathogenesis of relevant malignancies. For reducing the morbidity of cancer, we need to focus on prevention as a priority strategy and intervene early during the carcinogenic process.","PeriodicalId":31357,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0041-1731092","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41690779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seema Nayak, M. Bhatt, M. Goel, Seema Gupta, D. Mehrotra, A. Mahdi, A. Mishra
Abstract Objective Locoregional recurrence in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a major concern that leads to metastasis. Its detection at earliest stage is very important to increase the overall survival of the patient. There is no any biomarker for locoregional recurrence in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The aim of this study was to find a biomarker for locoregional recurrence in tissue and serum at gene and protein level. Methods This work studied the expression of protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 14 (PTPN-14) and Wilms’ tumor 1 (WT-1) in patients and correlated their expression with locoregional recurrence and survival. Tissue expression was observed in formalin fixed tissue biopsies of 96 OSCC and 32 healthy controls by immunohistochemistry using antibody against PTPN-14 and WT-1 and serum level was estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in pre- and post-chemoradiotherapy samples. mRNA expression was determined by using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Patients were followed for 3 years for locoregional recurrence. Results Expression of PTPN-14 and WT-1 in OSCC was upregulated (aberrant) in tissue and sera in both gene and protein level as compared with healthy controls. Locoregional recurrence was observed in 10 (23.80%) patients and significantly associated with PTPN-14 (p < 0.047) and WT-1 expression (p < 0.031). Conclusion PTPN-14 and WT-1 may be used as biomarker to identify patients for higher risk of locoregional recurrence. This study drove molecular aspect and phenotypic level to derive new emergent strategies in future for recurrent OSCC.
{"title":"Aberrant Expression of PTPN-14 and Wilms’ Tumor 1 as Putative Biomarker for Locoregional Recurrence in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma","authors":"Seema Nayak, M. Bhatt, M. Goel, Seema Gupta, D. Mehrotra, A. Mahdi, A. Mishra","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1731128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1731128","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective Locoregional recurrence in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a major concern that leads to metastasis. Its detection at earliest stage is very important to increase the overall survival of the patient. There is no any biomarker for locoregional recurrence in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The aim of this study was to find a biomarker for locoregional recurrence in tissue and serum at gene and protein level. Methods This work studied the expression of protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 14 (PTPN-14) and Wilms’ tumor 1 (WT-1) in patients and correlated their expression with locoregional recurrence and survival. Tissue expression was observed in formalin fixed tissue biopsies of 96 OSCC and 32 healthy controls by immunohistochemistry using antibody against PTPN-14 and WT-1 and serum level was estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in pre- and post-chemoradiotherapy samples. mRNA expression was determined by using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Patients were followed for 3 years for locoregional recurrence. Results Expression of PTPN-14 and WT-1 in OSCC was upregulated (aberrant) in tissue and sera in both gene and protein level as compared with healthy controls. Locoregional recurrence was observed in 10 (23.80%) patients and significantly associated with PTPN-14 (p < 0.047) and WT-1 expression (p < 0.031). Conclusion PTPN-14 and WT-1 may be used as biomarker to identify patients for higher risk of locoregional recurrence. This study drove molecular aspect and phenotypic level to derive new emergent strategies in future for recurrent OSCC.","PeriodicalId":31357,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Oncology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0041-1731128","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41596519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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