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Probiotics for life – Part I general health perspectives 生命益生菌——第一部分一般健康观点
Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/JDAS.JDAS_4_18
Persis Dastoor, R. Patil, Maitreyee P. Unde, Sameer S Patil
Scientific evidence is expanding continuously during the past few decades, pointing to the beneficial effects of probiotic bacteria on human health. Food industry has been very active in studying and promoting various probiotic products. The WHO has advocated the reduced use of antibiotics and microbial interference therapy (use of nonpathogens to eliminate pathogens), observing the increasing development of antimicrobial resistance. Initially, probiotics were traditional used for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders and allergies; later, there has been an expansion in therapeutic uses of these agents in urogenital infections, carcinomas, etc. Due to the increasing mountain of literature on this topic, brief user-friendly information is provided in lucid language for busy clinicians. This Part I article gives an overview of the history and properties of probiotics, mechanisms of action, and uses to promote general health. The Part II article, coming in next issue of this journal, highlights on oral health. To understand oral effects of probiotics, their medical background knowledge is essential.
在过去的几十年里,科学证据不断扩大,指出益生菌对人类健康的有益影响。食品行业一直非常积极地研究和推广各种益生菌产品。世界卫生组织提倡减少使用抗生素和微生物干扰疗法(使用非病原体消除病原体),观察到抗微生物耐药性的增加。最初,益生菌传统上用于治疗胃肠道疾病和过敏;后来,这些药物在泌尿生殖道感染、癌症等方面的治疗用途有所扩大。由于有关这一主题的文献越来越多,为忙碌的临床医生提供了简洁易懂的信息。这篇第一部分的文章概述了益生菌的历史和特性,作用机制,以及促进一般健康的用途。下一期杂志将刊登第二部分的文章,重点介绍口腔健康。要了解益生菌的口服效果,他们的医学背景知识是必不可少的。
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引用次数: 2
A review on silent sinus syndrome 无声窦综合征的研究进展
Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/jdas.jdas_8_18
T. Sridhar, B. Karthika, M. Pavani, A. Iswarya, D. Shoban, A. Priya
Silent sinus syndrome (SSS) is a rare condition that causes facial asymmetry, unilateral painless enophthalmos, orbital floor collapse, and diplopia, which represent the chronic maxillary sinus atelectasis with chronic negative pressure within the sinus. SSS is also known as imploding antrum. Some believe that congenital development of the maxillary sinus may also be responsible for the development of SSS. Its characteristic imaging features are maxillary sinus outlet obstruction, sinus opacification, and volume loss caused by inward retraction of the sinus wall. Ostium obstruction appears to play a critical role in the development of SSS. Treatment involves reconstructive procedure of orbital floor and functional endoscopic sinus surgery.
无声窦综合征(SSS)是一种罕见的疾病,可导致面部不对称、单侧无痛性眼球内陷、眶底塌陷和复视,这代表了窦内慢性负压的慢性上颌窦肺不张。SSS也称为内爆窦。一些人认为上颌窦的先天性发育也可能是SSS发展的原因。其特征性影像学特征为上颌窦出口阻塞、窦混浊和窦壁向内回缩引起的体积损失。Ostium梗阻似乎在SSS的发展中起着关键作用。治疗包括眶底重建手术和功能性内窥镜鼻窦手术。
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引用次数: 0
Immediate placement of dental implants: An overview 即刻种植牙:综述
Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/JDAS.JDAS_9_18
Divya Agarwal, Nihal Devkar, Akshay Vibhute, Praful Walke
Extraction of a tooth means failure of a conservative approach which may give rise to the act of a reconstructive surgery i.e. immediate implant placement technique with the immediate loading. This therapeutic option of immediate loading compensates the negative psychological effect of extraction. There are two main advantages of immediate loading. The first is the biological effect which consists of the osseointegration of the implant despite the constraints experienced in the healing stage. The second is the imperative effect that is logical and consists of the subsequent production of the surgical and prosthetic stage in the shortest time.
拔牙意味着保守方法的失败,这可能会导致重建手术的行为,即具有即时负载的即时植入物放置技术。这种立即加载的治疗选择补偿了提取的负面心理影响。立即加载有两个主要优点。第一个是生物效应,包括种植体的骨整合,尽管在愈合阶段受到了限制。第二个是必要的效果,它是合乎逻辑的,包括在最短的时间内后续生产手术和假体阶段。
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引用次数: 3
Fibroepithelial polyps of the head and neck 头颈部纤维上皮息肉
Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/JHNP.JHNP_4_18
R. Kaipuzha, D. Pulimoottil, S. Bakshi, S. Gopalakrishnan
Fibroepithelial polyps are benign polypoid lesions arising from the mesodermal tissue and are one of the most common cutaneous lesions but are rare in the oral cavity and upper airway. Two cases are discussed here. A 40-year-old male presented with cough of 5-month duration associated with an intermittent foreign body sensation in the throat. Examination revealed single, smooth, pinkish, pedunculated mass hanging freely from the superior pole of the left tonsil. The patient underwent tonsillectomy and histopathological examination revealed the features of fibroepithelial polyp. A 65-year-old male chronic presented with swelling in the mouth behind the upper teeth for 2 months. Examination of the oral cavity revealed a single, nontender, firm, smooth, pedunculated, pink swelling just behind the upper incisor on the right side of hard palate; the mass was excised and found to be a fibroepithelial polyp. Fibroepithelial polyps of the oropharynx and oral cavity are rare. The diagnosis is primarily by histopathological examination of the excised mass. The key to preventing the recurrence of that lesion is its surgical excision in toto along with elimination of the source of irritation that led to the lesion.
纤维上皮息肉是由中胚层组织引起的良性息肉样病变,是最常见的皮肤病变之一,但在口腔和上呼吸道很少见。这里讨论了两个案例。一名40岁男性出现持续5个月的咳嗽,伴有喉咙间歇性异物感。检查显示,左侧扁桃体上极有单个光滑的粉红色带蒂肿块。患者接受了扁桃体切除术,组织病理学检查显示了纤维上皮息肉的特征。一名65岁的男性慢性病患者,上齿后口腔肿胀2个月。口腔检查显示,硬腭右侧上切牙后面有一个单一的、非弯曲的、坚硬的、光滑的、有蒂的粉红色肿胀;切除肿块,发现为纤维上皮性息肉。口咽和口腔的纤维上皮息肉是罕见的。诊断主要是通过对切除的肿块进行组织病理学检查。防止该病变复发的关键是手术切除,同时消除导致病变的刺激源。
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引用次数: 2
Cone-beam computed tomographic findings of odontogenic keratocyst resembling dentigerous cyst: A diagnostic dilemma 牙源性角化囊肿类似牙源性囊肿的锥束ct表现:诊断困境
Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/JDAS.JDAS_27_18
S. Nair, Vidya Ajila, Shruthi S Hegde, J. Kamath
Odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) are locally aggressive, the developmental cysts arising from the remnants of the dental lamina. They may be associated occasionally with an impacted or unerupted tooth and may thus resemble a dentigerous cyst. Formerly considered as an odontogenic tumor by the WHO in 2005, it is currently reclassified under cysts and has retained its former name of OKC. It has radiographic features ranging from unilocular, lucent lesions to multilocular variants. Management of OKC is through surgical enucleation followed by surgical enucleation due to the high possibility of recurrence. We present a case which was diagnosed based on cone-beam computed tomographic findings as a dentigerous cyst and treated accordingly. Histopathological features were suggestive of an OKC. The patient reported back with a recurrence which was then managed with treatment protocol for OKC.
牙源性角化囊肿(OKCs)具有局部侵袭性,是由牙板残留引起的发育性囊肿。它们可能偶尔与阻生或未中断的牙齿有关,因此可能类似于含牙囊肿。世界卫生组织在2005年曾将其视为牙原性肿瘤,目前将其重新分类为囊肿,并保留了其原名OKC。它具有从单房、透明病变到多房变异的放射学特征。OKC的治疗是通过手术摘除,然后再进行手术摘除,因为复发的可能性很高。我们提出了一个病例,根据锥束计算机断层扫描结果,诊断为含牙囊肿,并进行了相应的治疗。组织病理学特征提示OKC。患者报告复发,随后采用OKC治疗方案进行治疗。
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引用次数: 0
Conservative orthodontic management of an adult cleft lip and palate patient 成人唇腭裂患者保守正畸治疗1例
Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/JDAS.JDAS_19_18
Dimple Chainta, S. Vaid, K. Negi, A. Malhotra
Clefts of the upper lip and palate are the most common congenital deformities affecting the orofacial complex in humans and are associated with many problems, including cosmetic deformities, dental abnormalities, and difficulties in speech and swallowing. As the public awareness of availability of treatment for this anomaly is minimal, the age of the patients reaching for primary treatment varies from few days to late forties. Although the aim and aspiration is to provide holistic multidisciplinary care, the priority is getting treatment for all cleft patients. This paper reports successful orthodontic management of an adult female with unilateral cleft lip and palate (CL/P) who denied surgery for her alveolar defect, so conventional orthodontic treatment was carried out with the initial expansion of maxillary arch followed by alignment of teeth to achieve stable occlusion. The final defect was covered with an obturator which also replaced the missing tooth.
上唇腭裂是影响人类口腔面部复合体的最常见的先天性畸形,并与许多问题有关,包括美容畸形、牙齿异常以及言语和吞咽困难。由于公众对这种异常情况的治疗可用性的认识很低,因此接受初级治疗的患者年龄从几天到四十多岁不等。尽管目标和愿望是提供全面的多学科护理,但优先事项是为所有腭裂患者提供治疗。本文报道了一名患有单侧唇腭裂(CL/P)的成年女性的成功正畸治疗,她拒绝接受牙槽骨缺损的手术,因此进行了传统的正畸治疗,首先扩大上颌弓,然后对齐牙齿,以实现稳定的咬合。最后一个缺损用闭孔覆盖,也替换了缺失的牙齿。
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引用次数: 0
Retraction: Methods to measure stability of dental implants 内收:测量种植体稳定性的方法
Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/2277-4696.241420
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引用次数: 0
Predilection of chewing side preferences and clinical assessment of its impact on temporomandibular joint 咀嚼侧偏好的预测及其对颞下颌关节影响的临床评估
Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/JDAS.JDAS_29_17
B. Padmaja, S. Neeharika, G. Bindu, N. S. Babu, S. Madhulika
Statement of the Problem: Normal mastication in humans generally favors one side and then the other, but most people chew more on a particular side, which means they have a preferred chewing side (PCS). The relationship between the use of one habitual chewing side and the peripheral factors involved in temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) is not understood yet. Aims and Objectives: The objective of the study is to explore the effect of chewing side preference on temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in adult population. Methods: One hundred and seventy healthy dentate subjects (148 female and 22 male) were selected and clinically examined for this cross-sectional study. Chewing side preference test and TMJ clinical examination were conducted. Subjects were classified into unilateral and bilateral chewers, signs and symptoms of TMDs were recorded. Results: Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the difference between the subjects regarding preferable chewing side, distribution of subjects with respect to signs and symptoms of TMDs, and frequency of symptoms in habitual chewers using Chi-square test, at 5% significance level. The results showed that among all the subjects, 80% preferred unilateral chewing side and there was a significant correlation with asymmetric factors of TMJ with masticatory side. Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study, it may be concluded that the presence of a PCS affects the morphology and parameters of TMJ. This signifies that it is not only sufficient enough to maintain anatomic health but also dynamic and functional factors should be considered to avoid TMDs.
问题陈述:人类正常的咀嚼通常倾向于一侧,然后是另一侧,但大多数人在特定的一侧咀嚼得更多,这意味着他们有一个更喜欢的咀嚼侧(PCS)。一种习惯性咀嚼侧的使用与颞下颌关节紊乱病(TMDs)的外围因素之间的关系尚不清楚。目的:本研究旨在探讨咀嚼侧偏好对成年人群颞下颌关节(TMJ)的影响。方法:选择170名健康的牙齿受试者(148名女性和22名男性)进行横断面研究的临床检查。进行咀嚼侧偏好试验和TMJ临床检查。受试者被分为单侧和双侧咀嚼者,记录TMDs的体征和症状。结果:采用卡方检验,对受试者在首选咀嚼侧、受试者TMDs体征和症状分布以及习惯性咀嚼者症状频率方面的差异进行统计学分析,其显著性水平为5%。结果表明,在所有受试者中,80%的受试者倾向于单侧咀嚼侧,咀嚼侧与颞下颌关节的不对称因素存在显著相关性。结论:在本研究的范围内,可以得出结论,PCS的存在会影响TMJ的形态和参数。这意味着它不仅足以维持解剖健康,而且还应考虑动态和功能因素以避免TMDs。
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引用次数: 4
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans of the maxillofacial region: Report of a rare case and literature review 颌面部隆突性皮肤纤维肉瘤1例报告并文献复习
Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/JDAS.JDAS_13_18
A. Taiwo, A. Ibikunle, R. Braimah, A. Michael, Mohammed Umar Sambawa
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans is a low-grade malignancy that rarely occurs. When it occurs, it typically involves the trunk or extremities, but seldom occurs in the maxillofacial region. Its management in the maxillofacial region characteristically presents an esthetic challenge to the surgeon, especially because its surgical management often requires wide excision. We report a case of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans of the lip and adjacent structures in a 42-year-old male. Wide excision of the tumor was done, and immediate reconstruction was achieved with a combination of platysma flap and Karapandzic lip reconstruction technique. The acceptable esthetic outcome was achieved, and the patient is currently being followed up. Although dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans infrequently occurs in the maxillofacial region, it may occur nonetheless; therefore, clinicians should be aware of this possibility. Surgical treatment of this tumor in the maxillofacial region often presents daunting reconstructive challenges.
隆起性皮肤纤维肉瘤是一种罕见的低度恶性肿瘤。当它发生时,通常涉及躯干或四肢,但很少发生在颌面部。它在颌面部的管理对外科医生来说是一个美学挑战,特别是因为它的手术管理通常需要广泛的切除。我们报告一例42岁男性唇部及邻近结构的皮肤纤维肉瘤。肿瘤被广泛切除,并用颈阔肌皮瓣和Karapandzic唇部重建技术进行了即时重建。达到了可接受的美学效果,患者目前正在接受随访。尽管隆起性皮肤纤维肉瘤很少发生在颌面部,但它也可能发生;因此,临床医生应该意识到这种可能性。这种颌面部肿瘤的外科治疗往往带来艰巨的重建挑战。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of different motivational factors for seeking orthodontic treatment: The patients' and parents' response 寻求正畸治疗的不同动机因素的评估:患者和家长的反应
Pub Date : 2018-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/JDAS.JDAS_14_17
M. Mahajan
Aim: Orthodontic treatment helps to improve not only facial esthetics but also functional occlusion of an individual. The aim of this study is to find out different factors which motivate patients and their parents to seek orthodontic treatment. This study also aims at determining any differences according to gender in perception of different motivational factors. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 35 male patients and 70 female female in the age group of 12–23 years. They along with their parents were given a questionnaire to answer before the start of the treatment to find out the reason for seeking orthodontic treatment. Results: There were a high percentage of patients (88.6%) who wanted the orthodontic treatment to improve their facial esthetics. Nearly 98.1% of parents sought this treatment to make their child look pretty. Conclusion: There are many factors which motivate the patients and their parents to seek orthodontic treatment like improvement in dentofacial esthetics leading to enhancement of self-esteem and providing better career opportunities.
目的:正畸治疗不仅有助于改善面部美观,而且有助于提高个体的功能性咬合。本研究的目的是找出促使患者及其父母寻求正畸治疗的不同因素。本研究还旨在确定不同性别对不同动机因素的感知是否存在差异。材料和方法:样本包括35名男性患者和70名女性患者,年龄在12-23岁之间。在治疗开始前,他们和父母一起接受了一份问卷调查,以找出寻求正畸治疗的原因。结果:有88.6%的患者希望通过正畸治疗来改善他们的面部美学。近98.1%的父母寻求这种治疗是为了让孩子看起来漂亮。结论:有许多因素促使患者及其父母寻求正畸治疗,如改善口腔美学,增强自尊,提供更好的职业机会。
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引用次数: 5
期刊
Journal of Dental and Allied Sciences
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