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Modelling state preferences among airline travellers in Namibia: a case study at Eros airport and Hosea Kutako international airport 对纳米比亚航空旅客的状态偏好进行建模:以厄洛斯机场和霍西·库塔科国际机场为例
Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.54421/njrst.v4i1.80
Alisa M. Amwaama, Opeoluwa Oyedele, L. Kazembe
Stated preference experiments are become an increasingly popular survey methodology for investigating air traveler's choices. Analysis of this behaviour, which is an element of the demand prediction, helps for a better future planning and development of competing airlines. In this paper, emphasis is stressed on the stated preferences of passengers in choosing between low cost carriers (LCC) and full service carriers (FSC). A binary logit, probit and latent class models were employed on the primary data collected from departing air passengers at Eros and Hosea Kotako International airport in Windhoek, Namibia, to model passengers' stated preferences and examine the determinants of carrier choice between LCC and FSC in Namibia. Major findings show that airfare, age, income, and purpose of travel are significantly important with respect to passenger choice. Furthermore, it was observed that passengers have different preferences for different destination region be it domestic, regional and international. For domestic and regional flights (short haul) they prefer LCC, while for international flights (long haul) they opted for FSC. In addition, majority of the passengers were travelling for business purposes, hence their tickets were bought by their respective employers. Most passengers indicated that they were willing to fly LCC if it was available in Namibia because of it's low fares. There was an indication that air tickets were not affordable and these are a big concern to passengers. Presumably, if ticket prices can come down or introduce a LCC in Namibia then many consider flying. This study concluded that, based on the interviewed passengers' profiles, the best and appropriate carrier in Namibia is a low-cost carrier. Introducing a LCC in Namibia might be a viable alternative which may ensure sustainability.
陈述偏好实验已成为调查航空旅客选择的一种日益流行的调查方法。对这种行为的分析是需求预测的一个要素,有助于竞争航空公司更好地规划和发展未来。在本文中,重点强调了乘客在低成本航空公司(LCC)和全面服务航空公司(FSC)之间选择的陈述偏好。对从纳米比亚温得和克Eros和Hosea Kotako国际机场出发的航空乘客收集的主要数据采用二元logit、probit和潜在类别模型,以模拟乘客的陈述偏好,并检查在纳米比亚LCC和FSC之间选择承运人的决定因素。主要调查结果显示,机票、年龄、收入和旅行目的对乘客的选择非常重要。此外,我们还观察到乘客对不同目的地地区的偏好是不同的,无论是国内、地区还是国际。对于国内和地区航班(短途),他们更喜欢LCC,而对于国际航班(长途),他们选择FSC。此外,大部分乘客是因公出差,机票由他们的雇主购买。大多数乘客表示,如果在纳米比亚有低成本航班,他们愿意乘坐低成本航班,因为它的票价很低。有迹象表明,机票价格过高,这是乘客们非常担心的问题。据推测,如果机票价格能够下降,或者在纳米比亚引进低成本航空公司,那么许多人就会考虑坐飞机。本研究的结论是,根据受访乘客的资料,在纳米比亚最好和合适的航空公司是低成本航空公司。在纳米比亚引进低成本航空公司可能是一种可行的替代办法,可以确保可持续性。
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引用次数: 0
Assessing operational efficiency and the use of strategic capabilities in the rail transport industry in Namibia 评估纳米比亚铁路运输业的业务效率和战略能力的使用
Pub Date : 2021-12-16 DOI: 10.54421/njrst.v3i2.56
Michael Ochurub, A. Jeremiah
This paper assessed the operational efficiency as well as the use of valuable resources and strategic capabilities within the rail transport industry/sector in Namibia, with specific reference to TransNamib Holdings Limited. This paper also focuses on the long-term direction of the rail transport sector as well as the causes of poor performance in the sector. The researchers analysed the questionnaires using descriptive statistics. The researchers explored and presented the individual variables to show specific values, highest and lowest values, trends, propositions and distribution values. The major findings from the data collected revealed that available resources and strategic capabilities are effectively utilized to optimize operational efficiency and that the top management does not pay much attention to development of strategic capabilities, customer value, new strategies, corporate governance, risk management, communication, benchmarking, knowledge management etc. It is also evident from that findings that the main causes of poor performance are the lack of strategic direction and long-term objectives, decline in volumes transported, lack of new technologies to create value, lack of funding or financial assistance from the shareholders, lack of performance agreements and measures as well as the aging and poor rail transport infrastructure. It is recommendable that TransNamib Holdings Limited develop strategies to turn around the current situation to transform the company into self-sustaining and profitable organization. The rail transport sector needs restructuring to streamline the business operations, with more focus on core business, secure funding, enhanced customer services, enhance value proposition for road-to-rail strategy, and enhancing stakeholder and shareholder relations.
本文评估了纳米比亚铁路运输行业/部门的运营效率、宝贵资源的使用和战略能力,特别提到了TransNamib控股有限公司。本文还着重讨论了铁路运输部门的长期发展方向以及该部门绩效不佳的原因。研究人员使用描述性统计分析了调查问卷。研究人员探索并呈现单个变量,以显示具体值,最高值和最低值,趋势,命题和分布值。从收集的数据中得出的主要结论是,现有资源和战略能力被有效地利用来优化运营效率,高层管理人员不太关注战略能力、客户价值、新战略、公司治理、风险管理、沟通、标杆管理、知识管理等方面的发展。从调查结果中还可以明显看出,业绩不佳的主要原因是缺乏战略方向和长期目标,运输量下降,缺乏创造价值的新技术,缺乏股东的资金或财政援助,缺乏绩效协议和措施,以及老化和落后的铁路运输基础设施。建议TransNamib控股有限公司制定战略,扭转现状,将公司转变为自我维持和盈利的组织。铁路运输部门需要进行重组,以简化业务运营,更加注重核心业务,确保资金,加强客户服务,加强公路铁路战略的价值主张,并加强利益相关者和股东关系。
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引用次数: 0
The role of work engagement and work meaningfulness on turnover of nurses in Rundu, Namibia 工作投入和工作意义对纳米比亚润度护士流动率的作用
Pub Date : 2021-12-16 DOI: 10.54421/njrst.v3i2.57
S. Moyo, C. K. Hlatywayo, A. Murangi
Turnover, in the nursing profession seems to be problematic and this jeopardized the mandate of delivering safe and effective care. The nursing sector has one of the highest in employee turnover around the world. Looking into work engagement and work meaningfulness can be used as mitigating factors which organisations can consider to curb turnover. In the Namibian context literature on nurses’ engagement and work meaningfulness is inadequate. A cross-sectional survey design was used. A total of n=168 nurses from Rundu hospitals and clinics, participated in the study. Findings revealed that there is no statistically significant relationship between turnover and work-engagement (r=0.095; p=0.222) of nurses in Rundu, Namibia. Findings also revealed that there is no statistically significant relationship between turnover and work-meaningfulness (r=-0.003; p=0.966) of nurses in Rundu, Namibia. A positive and statistically significant relationship between work-engagement and work-meaningfulness (r=0.587**; p=<.0001) was confirmed. Additionally, work meaningfulness was statistically found to moderate the relationship between turnover and work engagement (F = 43.589; df = 2; P = <.000; R2 = 0.589). Stakeholders concerned (.i.e. Ministry of Health and Social Services) should devise strategies to enhance employee level of engagement and work meaningfulness which inevitably will foster positive work outcomes for the health sector.
在护理专业中,人员流动似乎是有问题的,这危及了提供安全和有效护理的任务。护理行业是世界上员工流动率最高的行业之一。研究工作投入和工作意义可以作为缓解因素,组织可以考虑减少人员流失。在纳米比亚的背景下,关于护士参与和工作意义的文献是不充分的。采用横断面调查设计。润都医院和诊所共168名护士参与了本研究。调查结果显示,离职与工作投入之间没有显著的统计学关系(r=0.095;p=0.222)。研究结果还显示,离职与工作意义之间没有统计学上显著的关系(r=-0.003;p=0.966)。工作投入与工作意义呈显著正相关(r=0.587**;P =< 0.0001)。此外,统计发现工作意义对离职与工作投入之间的关系有调节作用(F = 43.589;Df = 2;P = <.000;R2 = 0.589)。有关的利益相关者(即:卫生和社会服务部(卫生和社会服务部)应制定战略,提高雇员的参与水平和工作意义,这将不可避免地促进卫生部门的积极工作成果。
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引用次数: 0
Qualitative approach in evaluating service delivery in Namibia: The case of the decentralized Khomas Basic Education Directorate 评价纳米比亚服务提供的定性方法:以权力下放的科马斯基础教育局为例
Pub Date : 2021-12-16 DOI: 10.54421/njrst.v3i2.70
S. B. Lwendo, A. Isaacs
Decentralisation, in the Namibian public sector, was aimed at improving service delivery by regional and local authorities to the communities in Namibia. This research paper evaluates accountability of service delivery in the educational sector of the Directorate in Khomas Regional Council. This research paper used the qualitative approach and followed a triangulated method of data collection by using open and closed ended questions only. The findings of the research revealed that the understanding of the decentralisation policy and concepts are different among the participants. The paper recommends more sensitization, advocacy and training on the purpose and benefits of decentralization.
纳米比亚公共部门权力下放的目的是改善区域和地方当局向纳米比亚社区提供的服务。本研究报告评估了霍马斯地区理事会教育部门服务提供的问责制。本研究论文采用定性方法,并采用三角法收集数据,只使用开放和封闭的问题。研究结果表明,参与者对权力下放政策和概念的理解存在差异。该文件建议对权力下放的目的和好处进行更多的宣传、宣传和培训。
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引用次数: 0
Social enterprises as an alternative model to outsourcing in Universities: A theoretical premise. 社会企业作为高校外包的替代模式:一个理论前提。
Pub Date : 2021-12-16 DOI: 10.54421/njrst.v3i2.42
Victor Chikadzi
The past three decades have been characterised by massive restructuring of public universities within Southern Africa. In line with the neo-liberal policy framework adopted in many countries, service provision in most public universities has become privatised and highly commercialised. As a result, outsourcing of support service functions to private service providers has become a widely entrenched feature of public universities in Southern Africa, reflective of the global trends. This has largely resulted in poor welfare for workers and escalating costs of service provision. Given the profit motive which is the primary driver for companies bidding for contracts to provide services in universities, the compromised welfare of workers and students will remain an ‘achilles heel’ of outsourcing. In this paper I argue that, the social enterprise can be adopted as a cheaper and effective alternative economic model to outsourcing in Universities
过去三十年的特点是南部非洲公立大学的大规模重组。与许多国家采用的新自由主义政策框架一致,大多数公立大学的服务提供已经变得私有化和高度商业化。因此,将支助服务职能外包给私人服务提供者已成为南部非洲公立大学普遍根深蒂固的特点,反映了全球趋势。这在很大程度上导致了工人福利不佳和服务提供成本不断上升。考虑到利润动机是公司竞标大学服务合同的主要驱动力,工人和学生的福利受损仍将是外包的“阿喀琉斯之踵”。在本文中,我认为社会企业可以作为一种更便宜和有效的替代外包的经济模式
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引用次数: 0
Macroinvertebrate diversity in a Subtropical High-Pressure Zone (SHPZ) man-made lake: Goreangab Dam, Windhoek, Namibia 亚热带高压区(SHPZ)人工湖:纳米比亚温得和克Goreangab大坝的大型无脊椎动物多样性
Pub Date : 2021-12-16 DOI: 10.54421/njrst.v3i2.43
Omoregie Edosa, S. Ngatajosi
This research investigated the diversity and distribution of macroinvertebrate assemblages of a sub-tropical high-pressure belt man-made lake, the Goreangab Dam, in Windhoek, Namibia in order to develop a respective index of biotic integrity as a baseline of determining and monitoring the health status of the dam. Macroinvertebrates samples were collected biweekly, over a period of two months (August and September 2019) from 8 stations along the bank of the dam. Collected macroinvertebrate samples were sorted live, counted and identified to the lowest taxonomic level possible. The Shannon Weiner index (H'), Simpson’s index (D) and Pielou Evenness index (J’) were used in analysing macroinvertebrates diversity. A total of nine different macroinvertebrate species belonging to different orders were recorded during the sampling period. Chironomus plusmosus (larvae), had the highest composition (19%) and Arctocorisa arguta with the lowest composition (6%). Anthropogenic activities have a huge impact on the distributions of the macroinvertebrate assemblages according to the tolerance of water pollution. The fact that the Chironomus plusmosus (larvae) are the highest in composition shows that the waterbody is unhealthy and at this stage only supports the life of species that are tolerant to water pollution.
本研究调查了纳米比亚温得和克的亚热带高压带人工湖Goreangab大坝的大型无脊椎动物群落的多样性和分布,以制定相应的生物完整性指数,作为确定和监测大坝健康状况的基线。大型无脊椎动物样本每两周收集一次,为期两个月(2019年8月和9月),从大坝沿岸的8个站点收集。收集到的大型无脊椎动物标本被活体分类、计数和鉴定到尽可能低的分类水平。采用Shannon Weiner指数(H′)、Simpson指数(D′)和Pielou均匀度指数(J′)对大型无脊椎动物多样性进行了分析。在采样期间共记录到9种不同目的大型无脊椎动物。其中,加手蛾(Chironomus plusmosus)(幼虫)的组成最高(19%),软角熊蛾(Arctocorisa arguta)的组成最低(6%)。人类活动对大型无脊椎动物群落的分布有很大的影响。Chironomus plusmosus(幼虫)的组成是最高的,这说明水体是不健康的,在这一阶段只支持能忍受水污染的物种的生命。
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引用次数: 0
Knowledge, attitudes and practices towards COVID-19 prevention measures among private clinic patients in Windhoek, Namibia 纳米比亚温得和克私人诊所患者对COVID-19预防措施的知识、态度和做法
Pub Date : 2021-12-16 DOI: 10.54421/njrst.v3i2.72
A. Ntumba, L. Kazembe, Opeoluwa Oyedele
In December 2019, the SARS-CoV-2 virus emerged in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, and later spread rapidly to other parts of China and eventually across all countries around the world, including Namibia. Despite causing severe to fatal acute respiratory syndrome, there are no known cures for the SARS-CoV-2 virus, only preventive measures such as social distancing, hands sanitizing, hands washing, wearing masks, and full-dosed COVID-19 vaccination. For this reason, this study was aimed at assessing the Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices (KAP) towards COVID-19 prevention measures among private clinic patients in Windhoek during 1 October to 30 November 2021. A cross-sectional analytic study using quantitative method was used with data collected in a single roundamong patients visiting two private clinics in Windhoek. Results showed that more than half (62%) were females, 58.5% were single and 70% attended tertiary education and 71% were employedas of 30 November 2021. In addition, at least 90% of the participants knew each of the COVID-19 prevention measures, while more than three-quarters (79%) had comprehensive knowledge of the measures, with 65% of them knowing that one needs two shots of theCOVID-19 vaccine for immune protection against the virus. At least 90% of the participants were in favour of practicing each COVID-19 prevention measure, while more than three-quarters (81.5%) had comprehensive positive attitude towards the measures in general. However, less than half (48%) of the participants believed that the COVID-19 vaccines can prevent one from the virus. Moreover, more than 95% of the participants were practicing each COVID-19 prevention measures, with 90% practicing all the prevention measures at the same time, with the exception of the COVID-19 vaccination as only 37% of the participants were vaccinated. Seeing as the participantshad very good knowledge, attitudes and practices towards COVID-19 prevention measures, with barely more than a quarter of them vaccinated against COVID-19, the health education and awareness of COVID-19 in the country must continue in order to maintain the very good KAP of its prevention measures in Windhoek.
2019年12月,SARS-CoV-2病毒在中国湖北省武汉市出现,随后迅速蔓延到中国其他地区,最终蔓延到包括纳米比亚在内的世界各国。尽管SARS-CoV-2病毒会导致严重到致命的急性呼吸道综合征,但目前还没有已知的治疗方法,只能采取预防措施,如保持社交距离、洗手、洗手、戴口罩和全剂量的COVID-19疫苗接种。因此,本研究旨在评估2021年10月1日至11月30日期间温得和克私人诊所患者对COVID-19预防措施的知识、态度和做法。在温得和克访问两家私人诊所的患者中,采用定量方法收集了单轮数据,采用横断面分析研究。结果显示,超过一半(62%)是女性,58.5%是单身,70%接受过高等教育,71%在2021年11月30日有工作。此外,至少90%的参与者知道每一项COVID-19预防措施,而超过四分之三(79%)的人对这些措施有全面的了解,其中65%的人知道需要两次接种COVID-19疫苗才能获得免疫保护。至少90%的参与者赞成实施每项COVID-19预防措施,而超过四分之三(81.5%)的参与者对总体措施持全面积极态度。然而,不到一半(48%)的参与者认为COVID-19疫苗可以预防病毒。此外,超过95%的参与者采取了每一项新冠肺炎预防措施,90%的参与者同时采取了所有预防措施,但COVID-19疫苗接种除外,只有37%的参与者接种了疫苗。鉴于参与者对COVID-19预防措施有很好的知识、态度和做法,只有略多于四分之一的人接种了COVID-19疫苗,该国必须继续开展COVID-19健康教育和意识,以保持温得和克预防措施的良好KAP。
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引用次数: 0
Comparative analysis of Namibia and Botswana’s national innovation systems 纳米比亚和博茨瓦纳国家创新体系的比较分析
Pub Date : 2021-12-16 DOI: 10.54421/njrst.v3i2.48
John Sifani, J. Mugabe, K. Matengu
The main aim of this study was to compare the performance of the two National Systems of Innovation for Namibia and Botswana and how they influence national economic development & competitiveness. A mixed method research approach was applied to conduct a comparative analysis of Namibia and Botswana’s National Systems of Innovation for national economic competitiveness. Two phases were adopted, namely, quantitative research through survey questionnaire and qualitative research from generated thematic areas, i.e. characteristics of an effective national system of innovation; Namibia-Botswana Science, Technology and Innovation Policy Framework and Strategies; Science, Technology and Innovation Resources linked to Wealth Creation. It also established the Challenges faced by the two countries in implanting STI Policies & Strategies; Solutions needed to improve STI Policies and Strategies for Namibia and Botswana; the natural endowment for Namibia and Botswana; the role of Governments in improving economic competitiveness Furthermore, the study managed to establish the following key policy recommendation and suggested areas of further research to build an effective and efficient National System of Innovation, which is economically viable and helps build a nation’s competitive advantage.
本研究的主要目的是比较纳米比亚和博茨瓦纳两个国家创新体系的表现,以及它们如何影响国家经济发展和竞争力。采用混合方法研究方法对纳米比亚和博茨瓦纳的国家创新体系进行了国家经济竞争力的比较分析。本研究采用了两个阶段,即通过问卷调查进行定量研究和从产生的专题领域进行定性研究,即有效的国家创新体系的特征;纳米比亚-博茨瓦纳科学、技术和创新政策框架和战略;与财富创造相关的科技创新资源。它还确定了两国在实施科技创新政策和战略方面面临的挑战;改善纳米比亚和博茨瓦纳科技创新政策和战略所需的解决方案;纳米比亚和博茨瓦纳的自然禀赋;此外,该研究设法提出了下列关键政策建议和建议的进一步研究领域,以建立一个在经济上可行并有助于建立一个国家竞争优势的有效和高效率的国家创新系统。
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引用次数: 0
A Critical Analysis of the Impact of Research in Education: A Systematic Review 对教育研究影响的批判性分析:系统回顾
Pub Date : 2021-12-16 DOI: 10.54421/njrst.v3i2.35
K. Katukula, Linus Kambeyo
Background: Many studies have demonstrated the impact of research in many spheres of life. With the scientific knowledge on the rise, we postulated that impact of research is evident in different scientific fields, which includes education. It is not easy to provide a scholarly definition of the term impact of research as it lacks a standard definition and has various applications. Its uses ranges measuring specific measures to measuring different phenomena. However, impact of research is a demonstrable contribution outside academia. It is a benefit that society gets because of research activities and one way of archiving this benefit can be through the addition of value and improvement of the quality of life as a consequence of research. From the education perspective, the meaning of the impact of research may include the development of skills, knowledge, values, and cultural norms of a people. It is equally alluded to the ability to transform the art of teaching, which might lead to useful lessons that explain the curriculum to the benefit of the students. The impact of research can also mean the ability to influence the modification of educational policies to align them with the global educational trends. This critical systematic review addresses the gap in knowledge about the impact of research in basic education. It further provides a broader understanding of how the research impact affects teaching approaches, education policy, and how it influences education management. Method: the authors carried out a systematic literature review of peer-reviewed journal articles about the impact of research. Results: it has been demonstrated from the reviewed literature that research has an impact on the teaching approaches, education policy, and education management. Keywords: research, impact, output, evidenced-based, teaching-approaches Paper type: A systematic literature review
背景:许多研究已经证明了研究在生活的许多领域的影响。随着科学知识的增长,我们假设研究的影响在不同的科学领域是明显的,其中包括教育。对“研究的影响”一词给出一个学术定义并不容易,因为它缺乏一个标准的定义,并且有各种各样的应用。它的用途是测量特定的测量方法来测量不同的现象。然而,研究的影响是学术界以外的可证明的贡献。这是社会从研究活动中获得的利益,而将这种利益存档的一种方式是通过研究带来的价值的增加和生活质量的提高。从教育的角度来看,研究影响的意义可能包括一个民族的技能、知识、价值观和文化规范的发展。它同样暗示了改变教学艺术的能力,这可能会导致有用的课程,解释课程,使学生受益。研究的影响还意味着能够影响教育政策的修改,使其与全球教育趋势保持一致。这一重要的系统综述解决了关于研究对基础教育影响的知识差距。它进一步提供了对研究影响如何影响教学方法,教育政策以及如何影响教育管理的更广泛的理解。方法:作者对同行评议的期刊文章进行了系统的文献综述。结果:从文献综述来看,研究对教学方法、教育政策和教育管理产生了影响。关键词:研究、影响、产出、循证、教学方法论文类型:系统文献综述
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引用次数: 0
Investigating the role of emotional intelligence to mitigate the impact of burnout on employees in the Khomas region, Namibia. 调查情绪智力在减轻倦怠对纳米比亚霍玛斯地区员工影响中的作用。
Pub Date : 2021-12-16 DOI: 10.54421/njrst.v3i2.31
W. Pieters, Selma Ingo, A. Fernandes, E. Ndove
Investigating the role of emotional intelligence to mitigate the impact of burnout on employees in the Khomas region, Namibia.
调查情绪智力在减轻倦怠对纳米比亚霍玛斯地区员工影响中的作用。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Namibian Journal for Research, Science and Technology
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