The aim of the study, stemming from the Theory of Planned Behaviour, is to examine the possibility of predicting the entrepreneurial intention of university students based on its motivational antecedents (perceived behavioural control and attitude towards entrepreneurship), individual entrepreneurial orientation and the perception of the entrepreneurial ecosystem. The sample consisted of 217 students from universities on the territory of the Republic of Serbia from all levels of study (73.3% females). The levels of entrepreneurial intention and its motivational antecedents were assessed via the Entrepreneurial Intention Questionnaire. The individual entrepreneurial orientation scale was used to assess the entrepreneurial orientation. A scale developed within the GEM model was utilised to assess government and cultural support for entrepreneurship, while university entrepreneurship support was measured using a scale constructed for the purposes of the study. The results indicate that entrepreneurial intention can be predicted by a positive attitude towards entrepreneurship, as well as perceived behavioural control, while individual entrepreneurial orientation is not related to entrepreneurial intention. Subjective norms show a low, but significant negative relationship with entrepreneurial intention. The role of the entrepreneurial ecosystem in predicting entrepreneurial intention is not clear and requires further study.
{"title":"What predicts university students' entrepreneurial intentions?: A contribution to the Theory of Planned Behaviour","authors":"Boris Popov, Dušanka Mijatović, Jelena Matanović","doi":"10.5937/psistra26-40837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/psistra26-40837","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study, stemming from the Theory of Planned Behaviour, is to examine the possibility of predicting the entrepreneurial intention of university students based on its motivational antecedents (perceived behavioural control and attitude towards entrepreneurship), individual entrepreneurial orientation and the perception of the entrepreneurial ecosystem. The sample consisted of 217 students from universities on the territory of the Republic of Serbia from all levels of study (73.3% females). The levels of entrepreneurial intention and its motivational antecedents were assessed via the Entrepreneurial Intention Questionnaire. The individual entrepreneurial orientation scale was used to assess the entrepreneurial orientation. A scale developed within the GEM model was utilised to assess government and cultural support for entrepreneurship, while university entrepreneurship support was measured using a scale constructed for the purposes of the study. The results indicate that entrepreneurial intention can be predicted by a positive attitude towards entrepreneurship, as well as perceived behavioural control, while individual entrepreneurial orientation is not related to entrepreneurial intention. Subjective norms show a low, but significant negative relationship with entrepreneurial intention. The role of the entrepreneurial ecosystem in predicting entrepreneurial intention is not clear and requires further study.","PeriodicalId":31561,"journal":{"name":"Psiholoska Istrazivanja","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84692784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gray's Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory postulates that the behavioral inhibition system (BIS) is responsible for regulating anxiety and fear in response to external stimuli, while the behavioral activation system (BAS) is responsible for processing positive cues such as rewards. Dickman's model distinguishes dysfunctional impulsivity (DI), characterized by non-reflective decision-making, from functional impulsivity (FI), which reflects the propensity of making quick decisions when advantageous. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential of the BIS/BAS and DI/FI to explain the variance in the Dark Triad traits. The sample included 318 convenient-recruited participants (Mage = 28.67, SDage = 8.95; 75.2% females) who completed the BIS/BAS scales (BIS, BAS Fun Seeking, BAS Reward Responsiveness, and BAS Drive), Dickman's Impulsivity Inventory and Short Dark Triad (Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy). BAS Reward Responsiveness and BAS Drive were significant predictors of Machiavellianism, which indicated that individuals high on this trait could be sensitive to positive reinforcement. BIS, BAS Fun Seeking, and DI were significant predictors of psychopathy, while BIS, all BAS scales, and FI were significant predictors of narcissism. These results suggest that poor inhibition, low impulse control, and a strong tendency to approach pleasure-oriented activities are the factors that significantly contribute to explaining the surface of psychopathy, and they could be seen as particularly important for maladaptive behavior. On the other hand, individuals with high narcissism may be sensitive to positive reinforcement, goal-oriented, and exhibit functional impulsivity, which allows them to capitalize on opportunities.
{"title":"Behavioral inhibition, behavioral activation, and impulsivity in the Dark Triad","authors":"Boban Nedeljković, Lana Tucaković","doi":"10.5937/psistra26-38328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/psistra26-38328","url":null,"abstract":"Gray's Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory postulates that the behavioral inhibition system (BIS) is responsible for regulating anxiety and fear in response to external stimuli, while the behavioral activation system (BAS) is responsible for processing positive cues such as rewards. Dickman's model distinguishes dysfunctional impulsivity (DI), characterized by non-reflective decision-making, from functional impulsivity (FI), which reflects the propensity of making quick decisions when advantageous. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential of the BIS/BAS and DI/FI to explain the variance in the Dark Triad traits. The sample included 318 convenient-recruited participants (Mage = 28.67, SDage = 8.95; 75.2% females) who completed the BIS/BAS scales (BIS, BAS Fun Seeking, BAS Reward Responsiveness, and BAS Drive), Dickman's Impulsivity Inventory and Short Dark Triad (Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy). BAS Reward Responsiveness and BAS Drive were significant predictors of Machiavellianism, which indicated that individuals high on this trait could be sensitive to positive reinforcement. BIS, BAS Fun Seeking, and DI were significant predictors of psychopathy, while BIS, all BAS scales, and FI were significant predictors of narcissism. These results suggest that poor inhibition, low impulse control, and a strong tendency to approach pleasure-oriented activities are the factors that significantly contribute to explaining the surface of psychopathy, and they could be seen as particularly important for maladaptive behavior. On the other hand, individuals with high narcissism may be sensitive to positive reinforcement, goal-oriented, and exhibit functional impulsivity, which allows them to capitalize on opportunities.","PeriodicalId":31561,"journal":{"name":"Psiholoska Istrazivanja","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84667925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research aimed to examine the relations between the Dark Tetrad traits (Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy, and sadism) and the subjective indicators of career success (job and career satisfaction), considering their multidimensionality. The sample consisted of 227 employees (27% male) who completed the following instruments: the Serbian adaptations of the Job Satisfaction Survey, the Career Satisfaction Scale, the Mach-IV, the Narcissistic Admiration and Rivalry Questionnaire, the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale, and the Short Scale of Sadistic Impulses. A hierarchical regression analysis was applied, with the demographic characteristics (gender, level of education, work tenure) introduced in the first block of predictors to control for their effects, and the Dark Tetrad traits introduced in the second block, while the criteria included various aspects of job and career satisfaction. The results showed that Machiavellianism was the dominant negative predictor of the subjective indicators of career success, especially the nature of work and communication within the organization, while secondary psychopathy had a significant negative effect on communication satisfaction. Narcissistic admiration was related to the dissatisfaction with the working conditions and relationships with co-workers. Primary psychopathy, narcissistic rivalry, and sadism did not show a significant contribution to subjective career success, although they showed negative correlations with the satisfaction with co-workers.
{"title":"Relations between the Dark Tetrad traits and the subjective indicators of career success","authors":"Dunja Ilić, Bojana M. Dinić","doi":"10.5937/psistra26-41277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/psistra26-41277","url":null,"abstract":"This research aimed to examine the relations between the Dark Tetrad traits (Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy, and sadism) and the subjective indicators of career success (job and career satisfaction), considering their multidimensionality. The sample consisted of 227 employees (27% male) who completed the following instruments: the Serbian adaptations of the Job Satisfaction Survey, the Career Satisfaction Scale, the Mach-IV, the Narcissistic Admiration and Rivalry Questionnaire, the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale, and the Short Scale of Sadistic Impulses. A hierarchical regression analysis was applied, with the demographic characteristics (gender, level of education, work tenure) introduced in the first block of predictors to control for their effects, and the Dark Tetrad traits introduced in the second block, while the criteria included various aspects of job and career satisfaction. The results showed that Machiavellianism was the dominant negative predictor of the subjective indicators of career success, especially the nature of work and communication within the organization, while secondary psychopathy had a significant negative effect on communication satisfaction. Narcissistic admiration was related to the dissatisfaction with the working conditions and relationships with co-workers. Primary psychopathy, narcissistic rivalry, and sadism did not show a significant contribution to subjective career success, although they showed negative correlations with the satisfaction with co-workers.","PeriodicalId":31561,"journal":{"name":"Psiholoska Istrazivanja","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76239823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The lockdown in Serbia imposed major challenges for parents to take on a 24/7 shift in caretaking, educating, and entertaining their children, while managing to complete the demands of their professional roles and everyday household functioning, along with the constant fear of the virus spreading and potential job loss. This study examines parenting practices (enriching activities, harsh parenting, daily structure, screen time and perception of the increase in screen time) during the COVID-19 lockdown in relation to the perceived parenting stress, parents' socioeconomic status and their working conditions (i.e., without work obligation, working online, working from the workplace). The sample consisted of 1510 mothers of preschool children. Four socioeconomic clusters were identified using the relevant variables (education level, economic status and impact of the pandemic on the financial situation). The results showed that highly educated mothers who worked remotely during the lockdown experienced significantly higher stress of balancing working and parenting than other parents. Mothers who did not work during the pandemic spent more time in enriching activities (p<0.01) and maintained the daily structure better (p<0.01), while mothers who worked remotely perceived a larger effect of the pandemic impact on screen time. The results indicate that, in times of crisis, it is necessary to design the support for the parents of early-aged children corresponding to their specific financial and educational background.
{"title":"Socioeconomic status, parenting stress and parenting practices during the covid-19 lockdown in Serbia","authors":"Milana Rajić, Marina Videnović, Ksenija Krstić","doi":"10.5937/psistra26-40436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/psistra26-40436","url":null,"abstract":"The lockdown in Serbia imposed major challenges for parents to take on a 24/7 shift in caretaking, educating, and entertaining their children, while managing to complete the demands of their professional roles and everyday household functioning, along with the constant fear of the virus spreading and potential job loss. This study examines parenting practices (enriching activities, harsh parenting, daily structure, screen time and perception of the increase in screen time) during the COVID-19 lockdown in relation to the perceived parenting stress, parents' socioeconomic status and their working conditions (i.e., without work obligation, working online, working from the workplace). The sample consisted of 1510 mothers of preschool children. Four socioeconomic clusters were identified using the relevant variables (education level, economic status and impact of the pandemic on the financial situation). The results showed that highly educated mothers who worked remotely during the lockdown experienced significantly higher stress of balancing working and parenting than other parents. Mothers who did not work during the pandemic spent more time in enriching activities (p<0.01) and maintained the daily structure better (p<0.01), while mothers who worked remotely perceived a larger effect of the pandemic impact on screen time. The results indicate that, in times of crisis, it is necessary to design the support for the parents of early-aged children corresponding to their specific financial and educational background.","PeriodicalId":31561,"journal":{"name":"Psiholoska Istrazivanja","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88979478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between academic dishonesty and students' attitudes towards school offences. The research included 347 respondents from primary (the seventh and eighth grades) and secondary (the second and third grades) schools in the Republic of Serbia. The Measurement of Dishonest Behaviour (MDB) was used to assess several types of dishonest behaviour, while the School Offences Scale (SOS) was used to evaluate the attitudes towards school offences. According to the findings, there is a significant positive relationship between dishonest behaviour and students' attitudes towards school offences. The total score of students' attitudes has the highest relationship with the subscale of dishonest behaviour connected to Deception, while the total score of dishonest behaviour has the highest correlation with the subscale Playing Truant. Additionally, there are significant differences regarding cheating in schools between the younger and older students; it was observed that the older students had higher scores on both scales. The findings of canonical correlation analysis, which focused on the relationship between the sets of behavioural scales and attitudinal scales, are also discussed. Additionally, the relationships between the attitudes towards school offence and dishonest behaviour are explained through the Theory of Planned Behaviour, while possible instructions for predicting dishonest behaviours, reducing absenteeism from classes, and other methods of reducing cheating, are outlined in the conclusion.
{"title":"The relationship between dishonest academic behaviour and students' attitudes towards school offences","authors":"Jelena Tovarović, N. Stevanovic","doi":"10.5937/psistra26-39357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/psistra26-39357","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between academic dishonesty and students' attitudes towards school offences. The research included 347 respondents from primary (the seventh and eighth grades) and secondary (the second and third grades) schools in the Republic of Serbia. The Measurement of Dishonest Behaviour (MDB) was used to assess several types of dishonest behaviour, while the School Offences Scale (SOS) was used to evaluate the attitudes towards school offences. According to the findings, there is a significant positive relationship between dishonest behaviour and students' attitudes towards school offences. The total score of students' attitudes has the highest relationship with the subscale of dishonest behaviour connected to Deception, while the total score of dishonest behaviour has the highest correlation with the subscale Playing Truant. Additionally, there are significant differences regarding cheating in schools between the younger and older students; it was observed that the older students had higher scores on both scales. The findings of canonical correlation analysis, which focused on the relationship between the sets of behavioural scales and attitudinal scales, are also discussed. Additionally, the relationships between the attitudes towards school offence and dishonest behaviour are explained through the Theory of Planned Behaviour, while possible instructions for predicting dishonest behaviours, reducing absenteeism from classes, and other methods of reducing cheating, are outlined in the conclusion.","PeriodicalId":31561,"journal":{"name":"Psiholoska Istrazivanja","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74901301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"O mnogim identitetima velikog istraživača identitetā - biografija Henrija Tajfela - Brown Rupert: Henri Tajfel: Explorer of identity and difference, Routledge, 2019","authors":"Zoran Pavlović","doi":"10.5937/psistra26-44059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/psistra26-44059","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":31561,"journal":{"name":"Psiholoska Istrazivanja","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80109212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Darinka Anđelković, M. Savić, Maša Popović, Milena Jakić-Šimšić
Although words for human body parts appear early in children's vocabulary, relatively little is known about the conceptual and semantic development related to the body part words in preschool and early school ages. In this paper, we examine how children at ages 5, 7 and 9 use words and expressions to refer to the human body and its parts, and how these correspond to the segmentation and lexicalization of the body part terms in adults. Participants were asked to name the body parts that were depicted in the drawings showing the whole body (front or back) and the face, with a red dot marking the specific part. The results of the comparison between children and adults indicate that for the most parts of arms, legs, and face there is a gradual conceptual segmentation of body with age, reflected in a decrease in the use of holonyms and an increase in the use of meronyms in naming parts. However, such hierarchical organization could not be confirmed for other parts (trunk, shoulders, neck, head, some parts of the face), revealing different pathways in the acquisition of words. Children of all ages, especially 7and 9-year-olds, seek alternative solutions for naming the body parts for which labels are missing in their vocabulary. In such cases, they name adjacent body parts, internal organs, and parts of the skeleton, or use prepositional phrases to refer to the surrounding areas. The results are compared with the findings of the previous studies, while the lexical-semantic change in the body parts terms and the hierarchical organization of the body part lexicon in child language are discussed. The results were compared in light of previous findings of the developmental studies, on the lexical-semantic change, and the hierarchical organization of the body part lexicon in child language.
{"title":"Lexical-semantic representation of body parts in Serbian child language","authors":"Darinka Anđelković, M. Savić, Maša Popović, Milena Jakić-Šimšić","doi":"10.5937/psistra26-44308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/psistra26-44308","url":null,"abstract":"Although words for human body parts appear early in children's vocabulary, relatively little is known about the conceptual and semantic development related to the body part words in preschool and early school ages. In this paper, we examine how children at ages 5, 7 and 9 use words and expressions to refer to the human body and its parts, and how these correspond to the segmentation and lexicalization of the body part terms in adults. Participants were asked to name the body parts that were depicted in the drawings showing the whole body (front or back) and the face, with a red dot marking the specific part. The results of the comparison between children and adults indicate that for the most parts of arms, legs, and face there is a gradual conceptual segmentation of body with age, reflected in a decrease in the use of holonyms and an increase in the use of meronyms in naming parts. However, such hierarchical organization could not be confirmed for other parts (trunk, shoulders, neck, head, some parts of the face), revealing different pathways in the acquisition of words. Children of all ages, especially 7and 9-year-olds, seek alternative solutions for naming the body parts for which labels are missing in their vocabulary. In such cases, they name adjacent body parts, internal organs, and parts of the skeleton, or use prepositional phrases to refer to the surrounding areas. The results are compared with the findings of the previous studies, while the lexical-semantic change in the body parts terms and the hierarchical organization of the body part lexicon in child language are discussed. The results were compared in light of previous findings of the developmental studies, on the lexical-semantic change, and the hierarchical organization of the body part lexicon in child language.","PeriodicalId":31561,"journal":{"name":"Psiholoska Istrazivanja","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89673267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this study is to explore does social support (emotional and instrumental) has a moderating effect on the relation between coping strategies (the loss-oriented and restoration-oriented) and emotional distress. In this research participated 64 respondents who experienced a death of a spouse in the last 40 days. They were uniformed in terms of gender, with their age ranging from 65 to 89. The moderators were measured on a one-item scale, while the predictors were measured with a 22item Inventory of Daily Widowed Life (IDWL; Caserta & Lund, 2007). Emotional distress was measured with The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS21, Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995). The results indicated the following. When the predictor variable was loss orientation, and the moderator was emotional and instrumental support, significant main and interactive effects on emotional distress were registered. Namely, in the conditions of low loss orientation, the elderly who had higher social support had lower emotional distress than the elderly who had lower social support. However, in the conditions of high loss orientation, individuals achieved equal scores on the emotional distress scale regardless of the level of social support. When the restoration orientation was the predictor, and emotional support was the moderator, both main and interactive effects were registered. Thus, in the conditions of low restoration orientation, the elderly with higher emotional support had a lower score on the emotional distress scale than those with lower support. In the conditions of restoration orientation, regardless of the level of emotional support, the elderly achieved approximately the same values on the scale of emotional distress.
{"title":"The role of social support in the relationship between different coping strategies and the emotional distress in the bereaved elderly","authors":"Milica Ljevaja, Ognjen Janić, Milica Lazić, Kristina Krstić-Joksimović","doi":"10.5937/psistra26-39172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/psistra26-39172","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to explore does social support (emotional and instrumental) has a moderating effect on the relation between coping strategies (the loss-oriented and restoration-oriented) and emotional distress. In this research participated 64 respondents who experienced a death of a spouse in the last 40 days. They were uniformed in terms of gender, with their age ranging from 65 to 89. The moderators were measured on a one-item scale, while the predictors were measured with a 22item Inventory of Daily Widowed Life (IDWL; Caserta & Lund, 2007). Emotional distress was measured with The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS21, Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995). The results indicated the following. When the predictor variable was loss orientation, and the moderator was emotional and instrumental support, significant main and interactive effects on emotional distress were registered. Namely, in the conditions of low loss orientation, the elderly who had higher social support had lower emotional distress than the elderly who had lower social support. However, in the conditions of high loss orientation, individuals achieved equal scores on the emotional distress scale regardless of the level of social support. When the restoration orientation was the predictor, and emotional support was the moderator, both main and interactive effects were registered. Thus, in the conditions of low restoration orientation, the elderly with higher emotional support had a lower score on the emotional distress scale than those with lower support. In the conditions of restoration orientation, regardless of the level of emotional support, the elderly achieved approximately the same values on the scale of emotional distress.","PeriodicalId":31561,"journal":{"name":"Psiholoska Istrazivanja","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84644980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Facial attractiveness is the concept that has been widely explored in previous studies. The findings suggest that some of the factors that affect aesthetical judgment of faces include symmetry, averageness, and facial expressions. The role of facial expressions is not fully established, but it seems that faces with the facial expression of happiness are rated higher (at least female faces). The aim of our study is to explore whether the presence of facial expressions has a different effect on the aesthetic judgment of female and male faces. Unlike previous studies, in which this was not explicitly controlled, we only considered facial expressions that were correctly recognized at 90% or more. A total of 61 respondents participated in this study. They evaluated female and male faces with the expressions of happiness, anger, sadness, or neutral on several scales: Beautiful, Pleasant, Attractive, and Harmonious. Overall, female faces were rated as more attractive, beautiful, and pleasant, but not harmonious. In addition, faces with the expressions of anger and sadness were rated lower on each scale compared to neutral and happy faces, and sad male faces were rated lower compared to sad female faces. One of the possible explanations for such a result could be the role of the social context in which the society discourages the display of certain emotions, particularly for men. Sad men are seen as weak and weak man are not attractive (because this does not fit into their gender role).
{"title":"\"Pretty boys do not cry\": The role of facial expressions in facial attractiveness rating","authors":"V. Barzut, Jelena Blanuša","doi":"10.5937/psistra26-41145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/psistra26-41145","url":null,"abstract":"Facial attractiveness is the concept that has been widely explored in previous studies. The findings suggest that some of the factors that affect aesthetical judgment of faces include symmetry, averageness, and facial expressions. The role of facial expressions is not fully established, but it seems that faces with the facial expression of happiness are rated higher (at least female faces). The aim of our study is to explore whether the presence of facial expressions has a different effect on the aesthetic judgment of female and male faces. Unlike previous studies, in which this was not explicitly controlled, we only considered facial expressions that were correctly recognized at 90% or more. A total of 61 respondents participated in this study. They evaluated female and male faces with the expressions of happiness, anger, sadness, or neutral on several scales: Beautiful, Pleasant, Attractive, and Harmonious. Overall, female faces were rated as more attractive, beautiful, and pleasant, but not harmonious. In addition, faces with the expressions of anger and sadness were rated lower on each scale compared to neutral and happy faces, and sad male faces were rated lower compared to sad female faces. One of the possible explanations for such a result could be the role of the social context in which the society discourages the display of certain emotions, particularly for men. Sad men are seen as weak and weak man are not attractive (because this does not fit into their gender role).","PeriodicalId":31561,"journal":{"name":"Psiholoska Istrazivanja","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90879572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nove mogućnosti u primeni Rasch modela: Trevor, G. Bond, Zi Yan, Moritz Heene: Applying the Rasch model: Fundamental Measurement in the Human Sciences (Fourth edition), Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group, 2021","authors":"Ivana Stepanović-Ilić","doi":"10.5937/psistra25-33236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/psistra25-33236","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":31561,"journal":{"name":"Psiholoska Istrazivanja","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77565763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：