Organic production of medicinal and aromatic plants is consistent with numerous regulations; hence it is under strict legal control. It implies a production system that does not disturb the naturally consistent balance of ecosystems in which plants are grown, taking into account the preservation of healing properties of derivatives obtained by further processing thereof. This production can be established on virgin lands, or those used for agricultural production but without the application of synthetic chemicals, for a period of at least two years. The main cultivated medicinal and aromatic plants in Serbia are: rosemary, coriander, chamomile, peppermint, lemon balm, valerian, thyme, etc. Weeds are the most serious problem in the organic production system of these plants, while damages caused by diseases are not economically significant. Intercropping in the organic cultivation of medicinal and aromatic plants is the simplest and, at the same time, a very efficient method to reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases, since the use of pesticides is not allowed in the organic production system. Plant cultivation in this system, in relation to continuous cropping, contributes to increased biodiversity, better utilisation of natural resources, higher yields of many plants and reduced abundance of weeds and pests. Moreover, it is very important to emphasise that the effects of intercropping on the quality of an agroecosystem and plants themselves are great, which further leads to a more efficient ability of plants to develop resistance to insects and numerous pathogens. Received 25 October 2017 Accepted 7 April 2018 Acta Agriculturae Serbica, Vol. XXIII, 45(2018); 61-76 62
{"title":"The benefits of organic production of medicinal and aromatic plants in intercropping system","authors":"Jelena Golijan, D. Marković","doi":"10.5937/AASER1845061G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/AASER1845061G","url":null,"abstract":"Organic production of medicinal and aromatic plants is consistent with numerous regulations; hence it is under strict legal control. It implies a production system that does not disturb the naturally consistent balance of ecosystems in which plants are grown, taking into account the preservation of healing properties of derivatives obtained by further processing thereof. This production can be established on virgin lands, or those used for agricultural production but without the application of synthetic chemicals, for a period of at least two years. The main cultivated medicinal and aromatic plants in Serbia are: rosemary, coriander, chamomile, peppermint, lemon balm, valerian, thyme, etc. Weeds are the most serious problem in the organic production system of these plants, while damages caused by diseases are not economically significant. Intercropping in the organic cultivation of medicinal and aromatic plants is the simplest and, at the same time, a very efficient method to reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases, since the use of pesticides is not allowed in the organic production system. Plant cultivation in this system, in relation to continuous cropping, contributes to increased biodiversity, better utilisation of natural resources, higher yields of many plants and reduced abundance of weeds and pests. Moreover, it is very important to emphasise that the effects of intercropping on the quality of an agroecosystem and plants themselves are great, which further leads to a more efficient ability of plants to develop resistance to insects and numerous pathogens. Received 25 October 2017 Accepted 7 April 2018 Acta Agriculturae Serbica, Vol. XXIII, 45(2018); 61-76 62","PeriodicalId":31632,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Serbica","volume":"23 1","pages":"61-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71192995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Tomić, D. Brković, V. Stevović, N. Bokan, D. Đurović, Đ. Lazarević
Natural grasslands are major animal feed resources in the moutainous region of Serbia. Proper use of mineral fertilizers in these grasslands can lead to a multiple increase in productivity. The paper analyzes the effect of NPK fertilizers with different levels of nitrogen (unfertilized - A0; N60:P40:K40 - A1; N100:P40:K40 - A2; N140:P40:K40 - A3) on forage yield and botanical composition of natural grassland of the Arrhenatheretalia order on the slopes of Mount Kopaonik. With the increase of the amount of nitrogen applied in spring from 40 to 80 kg ha-1, forage and hay yields also increased, whereas further increase innitrogen quantity to 120 kg ha-1 resulted in the absence of the increasing yield trend. In the second cut, there were lower forage and hay yields compared to the first cut. A total of 50 different plant species of 44 genera and 20 families were identified on the grassland. In both cuts, in all fertilized treatments, the grass percentage was significantly higher than the control. The percentage of legumes in the first cut was low, while it significantly decreased in the second crop with the increase in the level of fertilizer. The percentage of other plants was higher in the second cut, as compared to the first one, and it significantly decreased in both cuts with the increase in fertilizer rate.
天然草原是塞尔维亚山区主要的动物饲料资源。在这些草原上适当使用矿质肥料可使生产力成倍提高。本文分析了不同水平氮肥(未施- A0;N60: p40: k40 - a1;N100: p40: k40 - a2;N140:P40:K40 - A3)对Kopaonik山坡地天然草地(arrhenathetalia目)牧草产量和植物组成的影响。春季施氮量从40 kg ha-1增加到80 kg ha-1，饲料和干草产量也有所增加，而进一步增加施氮量至120 kg ha-1，产量没有增加趋势。与第一次刈割相比，第二次刈割的牧草和干草产量较低。共鉴定出20科44属50种植物。在两个刈割中，所有施肥处理的生草率均显著高于对照。豆科植物在第一次刈割时的比例较低，而在第二次刈割时随着施肥量的增加而显著降低。其他植株的比例在第二次扦插时高于第一次扦插，随着施肥量的增加，这两个扦插的比例都显著降低。
{"title":"Productivity of natural grassland of the order Arrhenatheretalia depending on nitrogen fertilization level","authors":"D. Tomić, D. Brković, V. Stevović, N. Bokan, D. Đurović, Đ. Lazarević","doi":"10.5937/AASER1846187T","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/AASER1846187T","url":null,"abstract":"Natural grasslands are major animal feed resources in the moutainous region of Serbia. Proper use of mineral fertilizers in these grasslands can lead to a multiple increase in productivity. The paper analyzes the effect of NPK fertilizers with different levels of nitrogen (unfertilized - A0; N60:P40:K40 - A1; N100:P40:K40 - A2; N140:P40:K40 - A3) on forage yield and botanical composition of natural grassland of the Arrhenatheretalia order on the slopes of Mount Kopaonik. With the increase of the amount of nitrogen applied in spring from 40 to 80 kg ha-1, forage and hay yields also increased, whereas further increase innitrogen quantity to 120 kg ha-1 resulted in the absence of the increasing yield trend. In the second cut, there were lower forage and hay yields compared to the first cut. A total of 50 different plant species of 44 genera and 20 families were identified on the grassland. In both cuts, in all fertilized treatments, the grass percentage was significantly higher than the control. The percentage of legumes in the first cut was low, while it significantly decreased in the second crop with the increase in the level of fertilizer. The percentage of other plants was higher in the second cut, as compared to the first one, and it significantly decreased in both cuts with the increase in fertilizer rate.","PeriodicalId":31632,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Serbica","volume":"23 1","pages":"187-196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71193146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Mladenović, M. Đurić, G. Šekularac, D. Brković, J. Stepanović, P. Mašković, L. Bošković-Rakočević
Plants can be very useful as soil guards, and as an additional source of vitamins and minerals in human nutrition. Some, of them also have medicinal properties. Portulaca oleracea L. contains more antioxidants than spinach. It is also rich in vitamins C and B, including riboflavin, pyridoxine,niacin, carotenoids and traces of minerals such as iron, magnesium and calcium. The following analyses were carried out: determination of moisture in the plant material, preparation of macerates, extraction of samples in the Soxhlet apparatus, ultrasonic extraction of samples, determination of extract density by an aerometer, determination of extraction yield by maceration, determination of extraction yield by Soxhlet extraction, determination of extraction yield by ultrasonic extraction and determination of the content of vitamin C in the extracts obtained. The dry matter content obtained on the basis of three measurements was 7.679% and the moisture content was 92.321%. The smallest extraction yield was obtained by Soxhlet extraction 0.1625 g, followed by maceration 0.3575 g and ultrasonic extraction 0.775 g. The highest density was determined for the ultrasonic extract 0.85 g / cm³, and the smallest for the Soxhlet's extract 0.70 g / cm³, which was correlated with extraction yields. The content of vitamin C was highest in the ultrasonic extract 15.5 mg / 100 g, slightly lower in the macerate extract 6.5 mg / 100 g, and the smallest in the Soxhlet's extract 2.5 mg / 100 g. The content of bioactive components in purslane leaf depends on the extraction method. Ultrasonic extraction proved to be the most optimal method, giving the highest extraction yield and the highest vitamin C content. It lasted for a minimum period of time (30 min) and extraction temperature was the lowest 40 °C. We assume that under these conditions vitamin C is rapidly extracted and preserved from degradation.
{"title":"Determination of the content of bioactive components in different extracts of Portulaca oleracea L.","authors":"J. Mladenović, M. Đurić, G. Šekularac, D. Brković, J. Stepanović, P. Mašković, L. Bošković-Rakočević","doi":"10.5937/AASER1846223M","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/AASER1846223M","url":null,"abstract":"Plants can be very useful as soil guards, and as an additional source of vitamins and minerals in human nutrition. Some, of them also have medicinal properties. Portulaca oleracea L. contains more antioxidants than spinach. It is also rich in vitamins C and B, including riboflavin, pyridoxine,niacin, carotenoids and traces of minerals such as iron, magnesium and calcium. The following analyses were carried out: determination of moisture in the plant material, preparation of macerates, extraction of samples in the Soxhlet apparatus, ultrasonic extraction of samples, determination of extract density by an aerometer, determination of extraction yield by maceration, determination of extraction yield by Soxhlet extraction, determination of extraction yield by ultrasonic extraction and determination of the content of vitamin C in the extracts obtained. The dry matter content obtained on the basis of three measurements was 7.679% and the moisture content was 92.321%. The smallest extraction yield was obtained by Soxhlet extraction 0.1625 g, followed by maceration 0.3575 g and ultrasonic extraction 0.775 g. The highest density was determined for the ultrasonic extract 0.85 g / cm³, and the smallest for the Soxhlet's extract 0.70 g / cm³, which was correlated with extraction yields. The content of vitamin C was highest in the ultrasonic extract 15.5 mg / 100 g, slightly lower in the macerate extract 6.5 mg / 100 g, and the smallest in the Soxhlet's extract 2.5 mg / 100 g. The content of bioactive components in purslane leaf depends on the extraction method. Ultrasonic extraction proved to be the most optimal method, giving the highest extraction yield and the highest vitamin C content. It lasted for a minimum period of time (30 min) and extraction temperature was the lowest 40 °C. We assume that under these conditions vitamin C is rapidly extracted and preserved from degradation.","PeriodicalId":31632,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Serbica","volume":"23 1","pages":"223-231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71193387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Woody plants are increasingly used in the remediation of contaminated land. The content of metals (Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Cr, Ca, Mg) was analyzed in the plant species Populus nigra L. and Populus tremula L. and in the soil on which they grow. The aim of the research was to determine differences between these two species based on the content of metals in plant organs (sprouts and leaves) and bioaccumulation potential and point out the potential application of these species in phytoremediation. Atomic absorption spectrometry was used to measure these heavy metals in soil and plant material. The results showed that P. tremula was a better metal accumulator because it absorbed larger quantities of Mn, Fe, Cu and Zn from P. nigra. P. nigra absorbed more chromium than P. tremula. Both species proved to be good zinc accumulators, and better bioaccumulation potential was found in P. tremula of P. nigra, although aspen had a strong negative correlation with Zn.
{"title":"Uptake and distribution of metals in Populus nigra and Populus tremula","authors":"G. Đelić, S. Timotijevic, Z. Simić","doi":"10.5937/AASER1846167D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/AASER1846167D","url":null,"abstract":"Woody plants are increasingly used in the remediation of contaminated land. The content of metals (Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Cr, Ca, Mg) was analyzed in the plant species Populus nigra L. and Populus tremula L. and in the soil on which they grow. The aim of the research was to determine differences between these two species based on the content of metals in plant organs (sprouts and leaves) and bioaccumulation potential and point out the potential application of these species in phytoremediation. Atomic absorption spectrometry was used to measure these heavy metals in soil and plant material. The results showed that P. tremula was a better metal accumulator because it absorbed larger quantities of Mn, Fe, Cu and Zn from P. nigra. P. nigra absorbed more chromium than P. tremula. Both species proved to be good zinc accumulators, and better bioaccumulation potential was found in P. tremula of P. nigra, although aspen had a strong negative correlation with Zn.","PeriodicalId":31632,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Serbica","volume":"23 1","pages":"167-176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71193129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Bojanić-Rašović, V. Davidovic, M. Joksimović-Todorović
Varroosis is a disease of bees and their brood caused by Varroa destructor, an ectoparasitic mite (acarine). This parasite is present throughout the year in bee colonies feeding on hemolymph from adult bees, larvae and pupae. Varroosis is also present in the beekeeping of Montenegro. Measures to prevent varroosis include beekeeping on favorable terrains, early detection of diseases, control of newly procured colonies, application of the principles of good beekeeping practice, control of treatment efficiency etc. Diagnostic examination for varroosis is carried out once a year - until the end of March in all bee colonies. For mite control, only registered products should be used. In Montenegro, natural preparations are registered - Apiguard (based on thymol) and Api Life Var (based on thymol, eucalyptus oil, camphor and L-menthol). Varroa quickly becomes resistant to synthetic chemical preparations based on compounds, such as amitraz, coumaphos, synthetic pyrethroids - fluvalinate and flumethrin. In addition to gaining resistance, there is a great danger of depositing residues in bee products. Such bee products are a source of contamination for humans through the consumption of bee products (honey, royal jelly, propolis, etc.) and bee wax is a source of contamination through cosmetic products that contain it. Therefore, these synthetic preparations should not be used for the treatment of bee colonies against varroa.
瓦螨病是蜜蜂及其幼蜂的一种疾病，由一种寄生螨(螨螨)引起。这种寄生虫全年都存在于以成年蜜蜂、幼虫和蛹的血淋巴为食的蜂群中。黑曲霉病也存在于黑山的养蜂业中。预防花曲病的措施包括在有利的地形上养蜂、早期发现疾病、控制新获得的蜂群、应用良好养蜂规范原则、控制治疗效率等。每年对所有蜂群进行一次静脉曲张的诊断检查，直到3月底。为了控制螨虫，只能使用注册过的产品。在黑山，注册了天然制剂——Apiguard(基于百里香酚)和Api Life Var(基于百里香酚、桉树油、樟脑和l -薄荷醇)。瓦螨很快对基于化合物的合成化学制剂产生抗药性，如氨咪唑、对苯二酚、合成拟除虫菊酯——氟戊酸酯和氟甲菊酯。除了获得抵抗力之外，在蜂产品中沉积残留物也有很大的危险。这些蜂产品是通过食用蜂产品(蜂蜜、蜂王浆、蜂胶等)对人类造成污染的来源，而蜂蜡是通过含有蜂蜡的化妆品造成污染的来源。因此，这些合成制剂不宜用于蜂群抗瓦螨的治疗。
{"title":"Measures to protect bee health against varroosis in Montenegro","authors":"M. Bojanić-Rašović, V. Davidovic, M. Joksimović-Todorović","doi":"10.5937/AASER1846177B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/AASER1846177B","url":null,"abstract":"Varroosis is a disease of bees and their brood caused by Varroa destructor, an ectoparasitic mite (acarine). This parasite is present throughout the year in bee colonies feeding on hemolymph from adult bees, larvae and pupae. Varroosis is also present in the beekeeping of Montenegro. Measures to prevent varroosis include beekeeping on favorable terrains, early detection of diseases, control of newly procured colonies, application of the principles of good beekeeping practice, control of treatment efficiency etc. Diagnostic examination for varroosis is carried out once a year - until the end of March in all bee colonies. For mite control, only registered products should be used. In Montenegro, natural preparations are registered - Apiguard (based on thymol) and Api Life Var (based on thymol, eucalyptus oil, camphor and L-menthol). Varroa quickly becomes resistant to synthetic chemical preparations based on compounds, such as amitraz, coumaphos, synthetic pyrethroids - fluvalinate and flumethrin. In addition to gaining resistance, there is a great danger of depositing residues in bee products. Such bee products are a source of contamination for humans through the consumption of bee products (honey, royal jelly, propolis, etc.) and bee wax is a source of contamination through cosmetic products that contain it. Therefore, these synthetic preparations should not be used for the treatment of bee colonies against varroa.","PeriodicalId":31632,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Serbica","volume":"23 1","pages":"177-185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71193136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Veljković, R. Koprivica, D. Radivojević, Z. Mileusnic
The structure of the milk supply market depends on processing capacities in Serbia, which are more oriented to the production of dairy products pasteurized and sterilized milk and fermented dairy products (yoghurt, cream, sour milk, etc.), while the production of solid dairy products (cheeses, cream, spreads, butter, powdered milk, etc.) is significantly lower. Taking into consideration the current situation in Serbia regarding the primary production, purchase and processing of milk, an overview is given of the foreign trade balance of milk and dairy products and their participation in exports and imports. The analysis of the foreign trade of milk and dairy products for the period 2007- 2017 highlights products that are exported and have stable export tendencies, as well as scarce products which are imported and have a markedly negative balance sheet in the observed period. We also analyzed major export-import destinations of Serbia for the trade exchange of milk and dairy products, which primarily refers to the CEFTA countries, the European Union and the Russian Federation.
{"title":"Structure of exports and imports of milk and dairy products from Serbia","authors":"B. Veljković, R. Koprivica, D. Radivojević, Z. Mileusnic","doi":"10.5937/AASER1846197V","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/AASER1846197V","url":null,"abstract":"The structure of the milk supply market depends on processing capacities in Serbia, which are more oriented to the production of dairy products pasteurized and sterilized milk and fermented dairy products (yoghurt, cream, sour milk, etc.), while the production of solid dairy products (cheeses, cream, spreads, butter, powdered milk, etc.) is significantly lower. Taking into consideration the current situation in Serbia regarding the primary production, purchase and processing of milk, an overview is given of the foreign trade balance of milk and dairy products and their participation in exports and imports. The analysis of the foreign trade of milk and dairy products for the period 2007- 2017 highlights products that are exported and have stable export tendencies, as well as scarce products which are imported and have a markedly negative balance sheet in the observed period. We also analyzed major export-import destinations of Serbia for the trade exchange of milk and dairy products, which primarily refers to the CEFTA countries, the European Union and the Russian Federation.","PeriodicalId":31632,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Serbica","volume":"23 1","pages":"197-211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71193269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Dosković, S. Bogosavljević-Bošković, Z. Škrbić, B. Jašović, S. Rakonjac, V. Petričević, D. Petrovic
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different feed formulations, fattening period and sex of broiler chickens on absolute carcass conformation measurements (metatarsus length, keel length, breast depth, breast angle and thigh girth) and conformation indices of medium-growing Master Gris chickens. The results showed that, as induced by intensive fattening, body weights were greater and carcass quality, expressed through conformation measurements, was better than the values characteristic of this hybrid (as the hybrid is designed for extensive farming). Regardless of the time of slaughter (at 49 or 63 days of the fattening trial), male chickens had better carcass conformation values (P<0.05), compared to females, and the 14-day extension of the fattening period led to better values for both absolute and relative carcass conformation measurements in both males and females (P<0.05).
{"title":"Carcass conformation of Master Gris broiler chickens as an indicator of carcass quality","authors":"V. Dosković, S. Bogosavljević-Bošković, Z. Škrbić, B. Jašović, S. Rakonjac, V. Petričević, D. Petrovic","doi":"10.5937/AASER1846247D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/AASER1846247D","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different feed formulations, fattening period and sex of broiler chickens on absolute carcass conformation measurements (metatarsus length, keel length, breast depth, breast angle and thigh girth) and conformation indices of medium-growing Master Gris chickens. The results showed that, as induced by intensive fattening, body weights were greater and carcass quality, expressed through conformation measurements, was better than the values characteristic of this hybrid (as the hybrid is designed for extensive farming). Regardless of the time of slaughter (at 49 or 63 days of the fattening trial), male chickens had better carcass conformation values (P<0.05), compared to females, and the 14-day extension of the fattening period led to better values for both absolute and relative carcass conformation measurements in both males and females (P<0.05).","PeriodicalId":31632,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Serbica","volume":"23 1","pages":"247-255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71193326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Bošković-Rakočević, Z. Dinić, G. Dugalić, M. Dugalić, J. Mladenović, M. Đurić
Research on the effect of different rates and methods of application of mineral NPK fertilizers on the quality of potato variety 'Carrera' was conducted on a luvisol of the Radocelo Mountain massif. Treatments included an unfertilized control, NPK 16:16:16 (1500 kg/ha) applied in-furrow at planting, NPK 16:16:16 (1200 kg/ha) applied in-furrow at planting, and NPK 16:16:16 applied at 700 kg/ha during seedbed preparation and at 500 kg/ha in-furrow at planting. Results on the nutritional value of potato tubers showed that the levels of tested nutrients were higher in the skin than in the flesh. The concentrations of tested nutrients in potato tubers were highest at the highest NPK fertilizer rate, whereas the lowest levels of all nutrients, except Fe, were determined in tubers at NPK rates of 700 kg/ha applied pre-plant and 500 kg/ha applied at planting.
{"title":"Effect of different rates and methods of application of NPK-fertilizers on the quality of potato tubers","authors":"L. Bošković-Rakočević, Z. Dinić, G. Dugalić, M. Dugalić, J. Mladenović, M. Đurić","doi":"10.5937/AASER1845101B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/AASER1845101B","url":null,"abstract":"Research on the effect of different rates and methods of application of mineral NPK fertilizers on the quality of potato variety 'Carrera' was conducted on a luvisol of the Radocelo Mountain massif. Treatments included an unfertilized control, NPK 16:16:16 (1500 kg/ha) applied in-furrow at planting, NPK 16:16:16 (1200 kg/ha) applied in-furrow at planting, and NPK 16:16:16 applied at 700 kg/ha during seedbed preparation and at 500 kg/ha in-furrow at planting. Results on the nutritional value of potato tubers showed that the levels of tested nutrients were higher in the skin than in the flesh. The concentrations of tested nutrients in potato tubers were highest at the highest NPK fertilizer rate, whereas the lowest levels of all nutrients, except Fe, were determined in tubers at NPK rates of 700 kg/ha applied pre-plant and 500 kg/ha applied at planting.","PeriodicalId":31632,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Serbica","volume":"26 1","pages":"101-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71193026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Lakić, R. M. Cincović, B. Belic, R. Đoković, M. Majkić, Ž. Petrović, S. Nikolić
Peripartal metabolic stress is characterized by increased lipid mobilization, when non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) are increased, as well as by increased ketogenesis, when the concentration of beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) is increased. NEFA are metabolized in all tissues but the main organ is the liver. Possible processes are: a) complete oxidation of NEFA, b) partial oxidation and synthesis of ketone bodies (BHB), c) development of triglycerides from NEFA that can be transported or stay in the liver when fatty liver is apparent. Moreover, increased lipolysis and ketogenesis can cause oxidative stress because concentrations of MDA and/or TBARS are positively correlated with NEFA and BHB concentrations. The increase in NEFA during the peripartal period affects the cellular immunologic response by changing intracellular signals, gene expressing control, activation of transcriptional factors, apoptosis induction and by modifying mediators of lipid production. Increased proportion of cows with high NEFA and BHB concentrations in the herd can cause reduced milk yield at the end of a standard 305-day lactation. NEFA concentrations can be related to postpartal ovarian activity, especially given that blood NEFA concentrations represent NEFA concentrations in the ovarian follicular fluid. Cows on farms with lower scores of animal welfare and nutrition have higher concentrations of cortisol, NEFA, BHB, bilirubin, glucose and urea. NEFA and BHB concentrations in early lactation can be used for estimating metabolic adaptation in the first 8 weeks after calving. For the estimation of metabolic adaptation, increased lipolysis has a greater significance than decreased anabolic parameters. Received 27 November 2018 Accepted 14 December 2018 Acta Agriculturae Serbica, Vol. XXIII, 46(2018); 265-276 266
{"title":"Lipolysis and ketogenesis in cows in early lactation (review)","authors":"I. Lakić, R. M. Cincović, B. Belic, R. Đoković, M. Majkić, Ž. Petrović, S. Nikolić","doi":"10.5937/AASER1846265L","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/AASER1846265L","url":null,"abstract":"Peripartal metabolic stress is characterized by increased lipid mobilization, when non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) are increased, as well as by increased ketogenesis, when the concentration of beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) is increased. NEFA are metabolized in all tissues but the main organ is the liver. Possible processes are: a) complete oxidation of NEFA, b) partial oxidation and synthesis of ketone bodies (BHB), c) development of triglycerides from NEFA that can be transported or stay in the liver when fatty liver is apparent. Moreover, increased lipolysis and ketogenesis can cause oxidative stress because concentrations of MDA and/or TBARS are positively correlated with NEFA and BHB concentrations. The increase in NEFA during the peripartal period affects the cellular immunologic response by changing intracellular signals, gene expressing control, activation of transcriptional factors, apoptosis induction and by modifying mediators of lipid production. Increased proportion of cows with high NEFA and BHB concentrations in the herd can cause reduced milk yield at the end of a standard 305-day lactation. NEFA concentrations can be related to postpartal ovarian activity, especially given that blood NEFA concentrations represent NEFA concentrations in the ovarian follicular fluid. Cows on farms with lower scores of animal welfare and nutrition have higher concentrations of cortisol, NEFA, BHB, bilirubin, glucose and urea. NEFA and BHB concentrations in early lactation can be used for estimating metabolic adaptation in the first 8 weeks after calving. For the estimation of metabolic adaptation, increased lipolysis has a greater significance than decreased anabolic parameters. Received 27 November 2018 Accepted 14 December 2018 Acta Agriculturae Serbica, Vol. XXIII, 46(2018); 265-276 266","PeriodicalId":31632,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Serbica","volume":"58 1","pages":"265-276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71193356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Đokić, R. Stanisavljević, J. Marković, J. Milenković, D. Terzić, T. Vasić, S. Barać
In agricultural production, pests and diseases of agricultural crops, as well as weed plants, cause significant losses in the yield and quality of agricultural products. One of the most effective ways of fighting is the use of a wide range of chemicals called pesticides. In accordance with the EU Directives 2009/128/EC and 2006/42/EC underlying the standard EN 13790, the Plant Protection Administration of the Ministry of Agriculture and the Environment of the Republic of Serbia has established a framework for the control of sprayers and mist blowers. Maintaining sprayers for pesticide application in a good state of repair and proper working order reduces their harmful effects on human health and the environment. The nozzle is one of the most important parts of plant protection machines, responsible for the following major functions: delivery of a given amount of liquid in a unit of time, dispersion of the liquid by making droplets of different sizes and forming a stream of a particular shape. Testing of the working safety of sprayers and nozzles was carried out in accordance with the European Standard EN 13790 which specifies the methods and equipment for inspection. The flow rate of nozzles was measured by an S001 nozzle tester (AAMS-Salvarani, Belgium). The measuring equipment used for testing the pesticide application device can accurately determine any deviation and irregularity in the application.
{"title":"Performance testing of field crop sprayers in the Rasina district","authors":"D. Đokić, R. Stanisavljević, J. Marković, J. Milenković, D. Terzić, T. Vasić, S. Barać","doi":"10.5937/AASER1845027D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/AASER1845027D","url":null,"abstract":"In agricultural production, pests and diseases of agricultural crops, as well as weed plants, cause significant losses in the yield and quality of agricultural products. One of the most effective ways of fighting is the use of a wide range of chemicals called pesticides. In accordance with the EU Directives 2009/128/EC and 2006/42/EC underlying the standard EN 13790, the Plant Protection Administration of the Ministry of Agriculture and the Environment of the Republic of Serbia has established a framework for the control of sprayers and mist blowers. Maintaining sprayers for pesticide application in a good state of repair and proper working order reduces their harmful effects on human health and the environment. The nozzle is one of the most important parts of plant protection machines, responsible for the following major functions: delivery of a given amount of liquid in a unit of time, dispersion of the liquid by making droplets of different sizes and forming a stream of a particular shape. Testing of the working safety of sprayers and nozzles was carried out in accordance with the European Standard EN 13790 which specifies the methods and equipment for inspection. The flow rate of nozzles was measured by an S001 nozzle tester (AAMS-Salvarani, Belgium). The measuring equipment used for testing the pesticide application device can accurately determine any deviation and irregularity in the application.","PeriodicalId":31632,"journal":{"name":"Acta Agriculturae Serbica","volume":"14 1","pages":"27-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71192929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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