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Impact of electroconvulsive education module on knowledge and attitude of caregivers of mentally ill patients toward electroconvulsive therapy 电休克教育模块对精神病患者护理人员对电休克治疗知识和态度的影响
IF 0.5 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_36_22
R. Bhatt, Parveen Kumar, D. Vasavada, V. Shah, L. Nerli, D. Tiwari
Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a process of passage of an electric current to the patient's brain which induces a grand mal seizure. It is an effective and safe treatment option for many psychiatric disorders. There are a lot of stigmas associated with the use of ECT, which further undermines its acceptance by the general public. Relatives of patients who have more knowledge about ECT and its process of administration have a more positive attitude. Aims and Objective: The current study was used to assess the impact of brief ECT education module on knowledge and attitude toward ECT. Material and Methods: An interventional study was carried out from November 2021 to January 2022 among caregivers of mentally ill patients at a tertiary care center in Jamnagar, Gujarat, India. Consenting caregivers of 18–60 years without any history of psychiatric illness were included in the study. All participants were approached and requested to fill a semistructured pro forma containing demographic details and “knowledge and attitude toward ECT”, before and after the completion of the oral education session. Results: A total of 400 participants participated in the study. Participant's age ranged from 18 to 60 years. Participants have poor knowledge about the mechanism of ECT, its efficacy, and side effects related to it (<50% response). A positive correlation was observed between knowledge and attitude (r = 0.625, P < 0.001). Education has a statistically significant impact on changing attitude. Conclusion: Participants having higher educational qualifications or those having previous history of ECT among close friends or relatives had a positive perception toward ECT. Educational or counseling sessions among caregivers are effective in changing attitude toward ECT.
背景:电惊厥治疗(ECT)是一种电流进入患者大脑的过程,它会导致癫痫发作。它是治疗许多精神疾病的有效和安全的选择。ECT的使用有很多污名,这进一步削弱了公众对ECT的接受。对ECT及其给药过程有更多了解的患者亲属态度更积极。目的和目的:本研究旨在评估ECT简短教育模块对ECT知识和态度的影响。材料和方法:2021年11月至2022年1月,在印度古吉拉特邦詹纳加尔的一家三级护理中心对精神病患者的护理人员进行了一项干预研究。18–60岁且无任何精神病史的同意护理人员被纳入研究。在口头教育课程结束前后,所有参与者都被联系并要求填写一份半结构的表格,其中包含人口统计细节和“对ECT的知识和态度”。结果:共有400名参与者参与了这项研究。参与者的年龄从18岁到60岁不等。参与者对ECT的机制、疗效和相关副作用知之甚少(反应<50%)。知识与态度呈正相关(r=0.625,P<0.001)。教育对态度的改变有统计学意义。结论:具有较高学历或亲友中有ECT病史的参与者对ECT有积极的认知。护理人员之间的教育或咨询会议可以有效地改变对ECT的态度。
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引用次数: 0
Mental health issues among medical students 医学生的心理健康问题
IF 0.5 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_297_22
S. Grover
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引用次数: 0
Effect of electronic media on adolescents' psychosocial health 电子媒体对青少年心理健康的影响
IF 0.5 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_253_21
Shailja Anand, J. Khandekar, S. Rasania, Dinesh Kataria
Background: In the last decade, electronic media usage in world and India has seen dramatic increase. Electronic media is demonstrating potentially profound effects, especially on children and adolescents, like a double-edged sword. Electronic media is the media that uses electronics or electromechanical means for the audience to access the content. Many studies documenting relationship of electronic media on adolescents' physical and psychosocial health have been carried out in developed countries, in contrast; very few studies have been carried out in India. Therefore, this study was planned with the objective of finding out the extent and pattern of electronic media usage and its effect on psychosocial health of adolescents. Aims: The aim of the study is to assess the prevalence of electronic media usage among adolescents and to study the relationship of electronic media usage with psychosocial health of adolescents (10–17 years). Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive, community-based, cross-sectional study conducted in Mehrauli area of Delhi. Results: The mean age of 450 adolescents in the current study was a 13.85 ± 2.92 years, with majority (80%) belonging to nuclear families. Use of electronic media among study subjects was found to be 100%. Most of the psychosocial problems were reported more in subjects belonging to middle and late adolescent age groups. Aggression (42.89%), irritability (42.44%), and change in sleep pattern (39.33%) were commonly prevalent psychosocial problems among study subjects. Nearly 23% of adolescents reported with violent behavior, 17% feeling of loneliness, 13% peer problem, 10% had emotional problem, 10% were hyperactive, nearly 8% had conduct problem, nearly 7% reported with stress, anxiety, and low prosocial behavior, and 9% scored more than average for SDQ score. Only 4% had mild to moderate depression. Conclusion: Adolescents who spent the most overall time using electronic media had more behavioral problems. Duration of gadget use in our study was higher than the recommended, which is a matter of concern as it may have a detrimental effect on physical and psychosocial health of the adolescents.
背景:在过去的十年中,世界和印度的电子媒体使用量急剧增加。电子媒体正显示出潜在的深远影响,特别是对儿童和青少年,就像一把双刃剑。电子媒体是利用电子或机电手段让受众获取内容的媒体。相比之下,发达国家开展了许多研究,记录了电子媒体与青少年身心健康之间的关系;在印度进行的研究很少。因此,本研究旨在了解青少年使用电子媒体的程度和模式及其对心理健康的影响。目的:本研究的目的是评估青少年中电子媒体使用的流行程度,并研究电子媒体使用与青少年(10-17岁)心理健康的关系。材料和方法:这是一项描述性、基于社区的横断面研究,在德里的Mehrauli地区进行。结果:本研究450例青少年的平均年龄为13.85±2.92岁,大多数(80%)属于核心家庭。研究对象使用电子媒体的比例为100%。大多数心理社会问题报告更多的是属于青少年中晚期的受试者。攻击(42.89%)、易怒(42.44%)和睡眠模式改变(39.33%)是研究对象普遍存在的社会心理问题。近23%的青少年报告有暴力行为,17%感到孤独,13%有同伴问题,10%有情绪问题,10%有多动,近8%有行为问题,近7%报告有压力、焦虑和低亲社会行为,9%的人的SDQ得分高于平均水平。只有4%的人患有轻度到中度抑郁症。结论:使用电子媒体时间最长的青少年有更多的行为问题。在我们的研究中,电子设备的使用时间比建议的要长,这是一个值得关注的问题,因为它可能对青少年的身体和心理健康产生不利影响。
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引用次数: 0
Comparative effects of clozapine and risperidone monotherapy on levels of immunoglobulins in patients with schizophrenia – A 12 weeks' longitudinal study 氯氮平和利培酮单药治疗对精神分裂症患者免疫球蛋白水平的比较影响——一项为期12周的纵向研究
IF 0.5 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_24_22
S. Jaswal, A. Sidana, Shivangi Mehta, Seema A. Gupta, Gurjit Kaur
Background: Schizophrenia is among the most puzzling yet disabling of all brain diseases. The finding of immunity-related genes seems to vindicate theories about the involvement of neuroimmunological processes in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Moreover, antipsychotics used in the treatment of schizophrenia have been shown to have effects on serum immunoglobulin levels. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess and compare the effect of risperidone and clozapine on the immunoglobulins at 6 weeks and 12 weeks in patients with schizophrenia and its clinical correlation. Materials and Methods: It was an open-label, randomized, comparative, and prospective study. Patients with International Classification of Diseases-11th Revision diagnosis of schizophrenia who were not on any antipsychotic drug for more than 2 weeks, were randomized to two groups, i.e., A (risperidone) and B (clozapine) after baseline assessment of sociodemographic and clinical parameters on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Baseline blood investigations (complete hemogram, liver and renal function tests, lipid profile, and fasting blood sugar) and immunoglobulin estimation were done. Patients were followed at 6 weeks and 12 weeks and levels of immunoglobulin were reassessed at 6 weeks and 12 weeks along with PANSS and Glasgow Antipsychotic Side-Effect checklist. Results: A total of 32 patients were inducted into the study – 16 in the risperidone group and 16 in the clozapine group. There was no statistically significant difference in terms of the duration of illness or period of exacerbation between the two groups though the baseline total PANSS score was significantly higher in the clozapine group. In both the groups, there was no statistically significant difference in the baseline immunoglobulin levels at baseline and over 12 weeks in terms of the immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM, and IgE levels. Within the clozapine group, a significant difference over 12 weeks was noted in IgG level. Conclusion: It can be concluded from the index study that the immunoglobulin levels in the patients with schizophrenia do not differ much concerning the effect of risperidone and clozapine. Clozapine is associated with a significant increase in IgG levels indicating the immunologic response of clozapine in schizophrenia.
背景:精神分裂症是所有脑部疾病中最令人困惑但致残的。免疫相关基因的发现似乎证实了有关精神分裂症发病机制中涉及神经免疫过程的理论。此外,用于治疗精神分裂症的抗精神病药物已被证明对血清免疫球蛋白水平有影响。目的:本研究的目的是评估和比较利培酮和氯氮平对精神分裂症患者6周和12周免疫球蛋白的影响及其临床相关性。材料和方法:这是一项开放标签、随机、比较和前瞻性研究。经《国际疾病分类-第十一次修订》诊断为精神分裂症且未使用任何抗精神病药物超过2周的患者,在对阳性和阴性综合征量表(PANSS)的社会人口学和临床参数进行基线评估后,随机分为A(利培酮)和B(氯氮平)两组。基线血液调查(全血象、肝肾功能检查、血脂和空腹血糖)和免疫球蛋白估计完成。在6周和12周时对患者进行随访,并在6周和12周时重新评估免疫球蛋白水平以及PANSS和格拉斯哥抗精神病药物副作用检查表。结果:共纳入32例患者,利培酮组16例,氯氮平组16例。两组患者的病程和加重期差异无统计学意义,但氯氮平组的基线总PANSS评分明显高于对照组。在两组中,基线免疫球蛋白水平在基线时和12周后的免疫球蛋白G (IgG)、IgM和IgE水平无统计学差异。在氯氮平组内,IgG水平在12周内有显著差异。结论:从指标研究可以看出,精神分裂症患者免疫球蛋白水平在利培酮与氯氮平治疗效果上差异不大。氯氮平与IgG水平显著升高相关,表明氯氮平对精神分裂症有免疫应答。
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引用次数: 0
Psychosocial roots of stress during pregnancy: A cross sectional study 妊娠期压力的心理社会根源:一项横断面研究
IF 0.5 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_188_21
K. Asha
Background: Pregnancy being an epoc of transition demanding heaps of remodeling and at the same time imbalance of which give rise to antenatal stress. As gestational stress is a considerable antecedent of detrimental pregnancy outcome, it is noteworthy to identify its contributing factors. The objective of the study was to determine the psychosocial factors associated with antenatal stress. Materials and Methods: Quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design was used to study the association between psychosocial factors and stress of pregnancy. Setting of the investigation was antenatal clinics of government hospitals at Thiruvananthapuram district of Kerala. The data were collected from 704 women in the gestational span of 20–24 weeks using Antenatal Psychosocial Stress Scale and structured interview schedule. Results: Bivariate analysis revealed that there is a statistically significant association between high stress and high fear of labor pain (odds ratio [OR] = 1.85, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12–3.08) as well as anxiety regarding gender of baby (OR = 2.12, CI: 1.31–3.41). Conclusion: The present study revealed that heightened fear of labor pain and anxiety regarding gender of baby are the significant factors associated with antenatal stress. The study highlights the need of childbirth preparation classes attached to antenatal clinics. It also suggests the demand for abolishing gender preferences prevailing in the community.
背景:妊娠是一个需要大量重塑的过渡时期,同时不平衡也会导致产前压力。由于妊娠压力是有害妊娠结局的一个重要因素,因此确定其促成因素是值得注意的。本研究的目的是确定与产前压力相关的心理社会因素。材料和方法:采用横断面设计的定量方法研究心理社会因素与妊娠压力之间的关系。调查的背景是喀拉拉邦Thiruvananthapuram区政府医院的产前诊所。使用产前心理社会压力量表和结构化访谈时间表,从704名妊娠期为20-24周的女性中收集数据。结果:双变量分析显示,高压力和对分娩疼痛的高度恐惧(比值比[OR]=1.85,95%置信区间[CI]:1.12-3.08)以及对婴儿性别的焦虑(OR=2.12,CI:1.31-3.41)之间存在统计学上显著的相关性与产前压力相关的重要因素。这项研究强调了在产前诊所开设分娩准备课程的必要性。它还提出了废除社区中普遍存在的性别偏好的要求。
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引用次数: 0
Effectiveness of adjunctive telemode mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on symptom severity and quality of life in patients with depression 基于远程正念的辅助认知疗法对抑郁症患者症状严重程度和生活质量的影响
IF 0.5 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_28_22
Diksha Sachdeva, H. Kaur, A. Avasthi, S. Grover
Background: Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) is reported to improve depression. However, little information is available about the effectiveness of MBCT interventions online. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of adjunctive telemode MBCT on the symptom severity and quality of life in patients with depression. Methods: 15 adult patients aged 18–55 years diagnosed with depression received 8-week adjunctive MBCT intervention to the ongoing treatment as usual for all (TAU) delivered through online mode. 12 participants completed the therapy and were reassessed. Patients were assessed at the baseline on Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, and World Health Organization-Quality of life BREF scale. Results: There was statistically significant reduction in the severity of depressive symptoms (P < 0.003) as assessed on the BDI. It led to remission in two-thirds of the patients partially responding to antidepressants. On the World Health Organization Quality of Life, there was statistically significant improvement on the domains of physical (P < 0.002), psychological (P < 0.002), social (P < 0.002), and environment (P < 0.005) domains. There was a significant improvement in the total Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire score. Conclusions: Adjunctive online MBCT appears to be a feasible adjunct to TAU in reducing severity of depression, improving mindfulness, and improving quality of life in patients with depression.
背景:基于正念的认知疗法(MBCT)被报道可以改善抑郁症。然而,网上关于MBCT干预措施有效性的信息很少。本研究的目的是评估辅助远程模式MBCT对抑郁症患者症状严重程度和生活质量的影响。方法:15名年龄在18-55岁之间被诊断为抑郁症的成年患者接受了为期8周的MBCT辅助干预,以通过在线模式提供的持续治疗(TAU)为基础。12名参与者完成了治疗并进行了重新评估。患者在基线时使用贝克抑郁量表(BDI)、五面正念问卷和世界卫生组织生活质量BREF量表进行评估。结果:根据BDI评估,抑郁症状的严重程度在统计学上显著降低(P<0.003)。三分之二的患者对抗抑郁药有部分缓解。在世界卫生组织的生活质量方面,在生理(P<0.002)、心理(P<0.001)、社会(P<0.05)和环境(P<0.005)领域有统计学上的显著改善。五个方面的正念问卷总分有显著提高。结论:辅助性在线MBCT在降低抑郁症患者的抑郁严重程度、改善正念和提高生活质量方面似乎是TAU的可行辅助手段。
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引用次数: 0
Parenting styles and mental health of adolescents: A cross-sectional study in South India 父母教养方式与青少年心理健康:印度南部的一项横断面研究
IF 0.5 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_176_20
N. Ramesh, C. Vijay, Kavita Gonsalves
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引用次数: 2
Premenstrual syndrome among college students and its relation to their study activities 大学生经前综合症及其与学习活动的关系
IF 0.5 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_113_21
Nurnahar Ahmed, Pallavi Talukdar, Subhra Sarkar
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引用次数: 2
Prevalence of delirium and predictors of longer intensive care unit stay: A prospective analysis of 207 mechanical ventilated patients 谵妄的患病率和重症监护病房更长时间的预测因素:207例机械通气患者的前瞻性分析
IF 0.5 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_228_21
Rajesh Kumar, H. Haokip, Tamanna, M. Bairwa
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引用次数: 0
Demoralization: Implications in practice of medicine 去人性化:对医学实践的启示
IF 0.5 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_3_22
S. Grover
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Mental Health and Human Behaviour
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