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Intravenous buprenorphine does not impair psychomotor and cognitive functioning in opioid-dependent patients using oral dextropropoxyphene: A randomized, double-blind, crossover study 静脉注射丁丙诺啡不会损害口服右丙氧芬阿片类药物依赖患者的精神运动和认知功能:一项随机、双盲、交叉研究
IF 0.5 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_24_20
S. Goyal, A. Ambekar, R. Jain, M. Mehta, A. Mishra
Background and Objectives: Some opioid-dependent injecting buprenorphine (BPN) users can continue to inject BPN even while using dextropropoxyphene as a treatment or as a drug of abuse. With this rationale, this study was aimed to assess the effect of injection BPN on psychomotor and cognitive functioning in opioid-dependent patients receiving oral dextropropoxyphene. Methods: This was a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover study, carried out in the inpatient unit of the tertiary level de-addiction facility. Twenty opioid-dependent male, current injecting drug users were given a single dose of injection of BPN (1.2 mg) or placebo, in a crossover design, 2 h after the routine morning dose of oral dextropropoxyphene at day 4 and day 6 of admission. Psychomotor and cognitive functioning was assessed with the help of standard tools (trail making – Parts A and B, digit symbol substitution test, delayed recall test, and digit span) at baseline and after 10 min, 3 h, and 6 h of injection BPN/placebo. Results: There was no significant difference in the scores on any of the tests for psychomotor and cognitive functioning at any time period after receiving either injection BPN or placebo. Conclusions: A single dose of intravenous BPN in opioid-dependent patients on oral dextropropoxyphene did not produce any significant change in psychomotor and cognitive functioning as compared to placebo.
背景和目的:一些阿片类药物依赖性注射丁丙诺啡(BPN)使用者即使在使用右丙氧芬作为治疗或滥用药物的同时,也可以继续注射BPN。基于这一原理,本研究旨在评估注射BPN对口服右丙氧芬的阿片类药物依赖患者的心理运动和认知功能的影响。方法:这是一项随机、安慰剂对照、双盲、交叉研究,在三级戒毒机构的住院单元进行。在入院第4天和第6天,20名阿片类药物依赖的男性、目前的注射吸毒者在常规口服右丙氧芬早晨剂量后2小时,以交叉设计的方式接受单剂量BPN(1.2 mg)或安慰剂注射。在基线和注射BPN/安慰剂10分钟、3小时和6小时后,借助标准工具(线索制作——A和B部分、数字符号替代测试、延迟回忆测试和数字跨度)评估心理运动和认知功能。结果:在接受注射BPN或安慰剂后的任何时间段,精神运动和认知功能的任何测试得分都没有显著差异。结论:与安慰剂相比,口服右丙氧芬的阿片类药物依赖患者单剂量静脉注射BPN不会对精神运动和认知功能产生任何显著变化。
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引用次数: 0
Mobile dependency: Factors influencing it and its association with depression among adolescents 青少年移动依赖的影响因素及其与抑郁症的关系
IF 0.5 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_46_20
Narayana Murthy Mysore Ramaiah, A. Fatma, P. George, M. Smitha
Introduction: In the present era due to the usefulness and availability of apps, games, information, and entertainment, mobile usage has become habitual. Studies have found that mobile phone dependency is associated with an unhealthy lifestyle, extrovert or neurotic personality traits, and maternal affectionate constraints in childhood. Objectives: The objective of this study is to estimate the prevalence of mobile phone dependence among adolescents and assess the relationship between mobile phone dependence and depression among them. Materials and Methods: It is a cross-sectional study conducted among late adolescents and early adults. Data regarding the sociodemographic details, mobile phone dependence, and the factors influencing it were collected using the standardized pretested semi-structured questionnaire. Results: Among 701, majority of the participants (99.7%) were using mobile phones, and among them, about 43.4% of the study participants had mild, 29.1% had moderate, and 4.4% had severe mobile dependence. It was observed that 56% of them had normal, whereas 4% of them had extreme and 2% had severe depression, but no significant association was found between mobile dependency and depression. Conclusion: Three-fourth of the adolescents and young adults had mobile dependency, but there was no significant statistical association seen between mobile dependency and depression.
引言:在当今时代,由于应用程序、游戏、信息和娱乐的实用性和可用性,移动使用已经成为一种习惯。研究发现,手机依赖症与不健康的生活方式、外向或神经质的性格特征以及童年时期母性情感的限制有关。目的:本研究的目的是估计青少年手机依赖的流行程度,并评估手机依赖与青少年抑郁的关系。材料和方法:这是一项横断面研究,在青少年晚期和早期成人中进行。使用标准化的预测试半结构化问卷收集有关社会人口学细节、手机依赖及其影响因素的数据。结果:701名参与者中,绝大多数(99.7%)使用手机,其中43.4%的研究参与者为轻度手机依赖,29.1%为中度手机依赖,4.4%为重度手机依赖。研究发现,手机依赖与抑郁症的相关性不显著,56%为正常抑郁,4%为极度抑郁,2%为重度抑郁。结论:四分之三的青少年存在移动依赖,但移动依赖与抑郁之间没有显著的统计学关联。
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引用次数: 2
Internet addiction and psychological well-being among high school students of Mangaluru city, Karnataka, India 印度卡纳塔克邦曼加卢鲁市高中生的网络成瘾与心理健康
IF 0.5 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_26_20
N. Shresta, Mackwin Kenwood D'mello
Background: Despite the controversies on the effects of Internet usage, the habit of Internet usage is increasing in all ages and rampant among the young ages making it critical to understand its relationship with psychological well-being (PWB). Objectives: The study was conducted to determine the relation of Internet addiction with PWB among school students aged 12–16 years. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among high school students in Mangaluru city. A total of 654 students participated in the study. Data on Internet usage and PWB were obtained using Young's Internet Addiction Scale and Ryff's Psychological Well-being Scale, respectively. The relation between Internet addictions with PWB was analyzed using correlation statistics. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 14.3 ± 1.007 years, and 62.7% were males. There was a weak negative correlation between PWB of the high school students and Internet addiction scores (r = −0.255, P < 0.001). Students with a higher level of Internet addiction were more likely to be low in PWB. Linear regression showed that Internet addiction was a significant negative predictor of PWB (β = −0.272, P < 0.001). Conclusion: PWB of high school students is negatively affected by Internet addiction. Hence, it is crucial to develop strategies addressing young adolescents for effective prevention of problematic Internet use.
背景:尽管人们对互联网使用的影响存在争议,但互联网使用的习惯在各个年龄段都在增加,在年轻人中也很猖獗,因此理解其与心理健康的关系至关重要。目的:本研究旨在确定12-16岁在校学生的网络成瘾与PWB的关系。材料和方法:在曼加卢鲁市的高中生中进行了一项横断面研究。共有654名学生参加了这项研究。使用Young的网络成瘾量表和Ryff的心理健康量表分别获得了互联网使用情况和PWB的数据。运用相关统计分析了网络成瘾与PWB的关系。结果:调查对象的平均年龄为14.3±1.007岁,其中男性占62.7%。高中生PWB与网络成瘾得分呈弱负相关(r=-0.255,P<0.001),网络成瘾程度越高,PWB越低。线性回归表明,网络成瘾是PWB的显著负向预测因子(β=-0.272,P<0.001)。结论:中学生PWB受网络成瘾的负向影响。因此,制定针对青少年的战略以有效预防有问题的互联网使用至关重要。
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引用次数: 1
COVID-19 pandemic: A crisis for health-care workers 新冠肺炎大流行:医护人员的危机
IF 0.5 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_96_20
S. Grover, S. Rani, A. Mehra, Swapnajeet Sahoo
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引用次数: 2
A study of cardiovascular risk among depressed obese patients 抑郁型肥胖患者心血管风险的研究
IF 0.5 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_19_18
C. Singh, Mohd. Wasim, R. Solanki
Background: Both depression and obesity are widespread problems with major public health implications. Depression and obesity are both associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and with marked impairments in the quality of life. Aim and Objective: The aim of the study is to assess the CVD risk and cardiovascular risk factors among depressed obese individuals. Materials and Methods: Fifty patients of depression whose body mass index (BMI) >30 kg/m2 and diagnosed with ICD-10 criteria of depression were selected as study group and 30 healthy obese of BMI >30 kg/m2 without depression were selected as the control group for the study. The participants were divided into two groups: obese patients with depression and healthy obese individuals without depression. Fasting venous blood sample was collected under aseptic condition to estimate fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, and high - density lipoprotein cholesterol. Using standard mercury manometer at least two readings at 5 - min intervals, were taken to measure the blood pressure (BP) in the supine position. Both the groups were subjected to specially designed pro forma which included personal and sociodemographic details and Framingham risk assessment tool for assessing cardiovascular risk. The cardiovascular risk was assessed and compared using Framingham risk score assessment tool. Results and Conclusion: Mean age of depressed obese was 46.44 ± 10.44 years and healthy obese had 47.33 ± 10.53. Mean BMI of study group was 32.82 ± 2.53 and healthy obese had 31.76 ± 1.66. BMI was significantly associated with depression. Presence of depression in obese patients increases the chances of CVD risk. Presence of smoking, hypertension, and high cholesterol in patients with depression, increase the risk of CVD, which can be modified by healthy diet, regular exercise, and BP management with periodic blood investigation and regular medication.
背景:抑郁症和肥胖都是普遍存在的问题,对公共健康有重大影响。抑郁症和肥胖都与心血管疾病(CVD)风险增加和生活质量明显受损有关。目的和目的:本研究旨在评估抑郁型肥胖患者的心血管疾病风险和心血管危险因素。材料与方法:选择50例体重指数>30 kg/m2且符合ICD-10标准的抑郁症患者作为研究组,30例体重指数>30 kg/m2且无抑郁症的健康肥胖者作为对照组。参与者被分为两组:患有抑郁症的肥胖患者和没有抑郁症的健康肥胖者。在无菌条件下采集空腹静脉血样,以评估空腹血糖、总胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇。使用标准水银压力计,每隔5分钟至少读取两次读数,以测量仰卧位的血压(BP)。两组都接受了专门设计的形式,其中包括个人和社会人口统计细节,以及用于评估心血管风险的Framingham风险评估工具。使用Framingham风险评分评估工具对心血管风险进行评估和比较。结果与结论:抑郁型肥胖患者的平均年龄为46.44±10.44岁,健康型肥胖患者为47.33±10.53岁。研究组的平均BMI为32.82±2.53,健康肥胖者为31.76±1.66。BMI与抑郁症显著相关。肥胖患者出现抑郁症会增加心血管疾病风险。抑郁症患者吸烟、高血压和高胆固醇会增加心血管疾病的风险,这可以通过健康饮食、定期锻炼和定期血液调查和定期药物治疗来改善。
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引用次数: 1
Cyberchondria: Technology-mediated expression of hypochondriasis 网络疑病症:技术介导的疑病症表达
IF 0.5 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_35_20
P. Thakur, M. Sharma, S. Chaturvedi, S. Ganjekar, Nitin Anand, A. Jha, Ishita Mondal, Priya Singh, S. Ajith
Cyberchondria involves excessive indulgence in online health-related platforms for information. This trend becomes more due to the presence of easy access to Internet and availability of health portals. A 34-year-old male presented with the complaints of pricking and spasm-like sensation in his throat and fear of developing cancer of the mouth or throat for the past year and excessive use of Internet. The case was assessed using clinical interview and Cyberchondria Severity Scale. It revealed the presence of excessiveness, distress, and reassurance related to online health research. These characteristics are being seen in cases with hypochondriasis. The case implies for screening and evolving psychoeducational approach to manage cyberchondria.
网络疑病症是指过度沉迷于在线健康信息平台。这一趋势更多地是由于互联网的便捷访问和健康门户网站的可用性。A某(34岁),男,在过去的一年里,他的喉咙有刺痛和痉挛样的感觉,并担心患上口腔癌或喉癌,而且过度使用互联网。采用临床访谈和网络疑病严重程度量表对病例进行评估。它揭示了与在线健康研究相关的过度、痛苦和安慰的存在。这些特征在疑病症患者中可见。该案例暗示了筛查和发展心理教育方法来管理网络疑病症。
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引用次数: 1
The association between identity status, perceived parenting strategies, and mental health of in-school adolescents in South-West Nigeria: A descriptive survey 尼日利亚西南部在校青少年的身份地位、感知的养育策略和心理健康之间的关系:一项描述性调查
IF 0.5 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_1_20
A. Obimakinde, O. Omigbodun
Aim: This study was aimed to determine the level of identity development, its associations with perceived parenting strategies, and the mental health of in-school adolescents. Background: Adolescence is marked with the struggle for a balance between subjective psychological differentiation and connection to others, which drives identity formation and guides the path to mental health. Concerning, the developmental processes that incite or escalate adolescents' mental health problems, theories have postulated that social interactions with parents have consequences for the identity status and mental health of adolescents. Methods: A study on 286 in-school adolescents was conducted in Ibadan, between February and April 2016. Data were collected using the Assessment of Identity Development in Adolescents, Scale of Parenting Style, and the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaires. The analysis was done with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21, using Student's t-test, ANOVA, and correlation statistics. Results: The males and younger adolescents, had higher scores for identity discontinuity and incoherence. The scores for perceived mothers' responsiveness correlates positively with the adolescents' score for identity discontinuity (rs= 0.173; P = 0.03), while perceived mothers' demandingness correlates positively with adolescents' identity discontinuity (rs= 0.211; P < 0.001) and incoherence (rs= 0.180; P = 0.01). Identity discontinuity (rs= 0.209; P = 0.00) and incoherence (rs= 0.294; P = 0.00) correlated positively with emotional problems while identity incoherence correlated with conduct problems (rs= 0.211; P = 0.03). Conclusion: During the process of the adolescents' self-actualization, there is a tendency for “conflict” with the parents as the primary authority figure. Hence, the adolescents' perception of parenting strategies can affect their identity development and mental health.
目的:本研究旨在确定在校青少年的身份发展水平、与感知育儿策略的关系以及心理健康状况。背景:青春期的特点是在主观心理分化和与他人的联系之间寻求平衡,这推动了身份的形成,并引导了心理健康的道路。关于煽动或加剧青少年心理健康问题的发展过程,理论认为,与父母的社交互动会对青少年的身份状态和心理健康产生影响。方法:2016年2月至4月,在伊巴丹对286名在校青少年进行了研究。使用青少年身份发展评估、育儿方式量表和力量与困难问卷收集数据。该分析使用社会科学统计软件包第21版,使用Student t检验、ANOVA和相关统计进行。结果:男性和年龄较小的青少年在身份不连续性和不连贯性方面得分较高。感知母亲反应性得分与青少年身份不连续性得分呈正相关(rs=0.173;P=0.03),而母亲的需求与青少年的身份不连续性(rs=0.211;P<0.001)和不连贯性(rs0.180;P=0.01)呈正相关在青少年自我实现的过程中,存在着与作为主要权威人物的父母发生“冲突”的倾向,因此,青少年对养育策略的感知会影响他们的身份发展和心理健康。
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引用次数: 1
Prevalence of depression and anxiety in college students 大学生抑郁和焦虑的患病率
IF 0.5 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_16_20
Tanvi Shah, Titiksha Pol
Context: Depression and anxiety are the most common mental disorders existing today among the youngsters owing to academic excellence pressure and societal living expectations. They are overlooked most of the times and can have a grave impact on a student's personal, academic, and social life. Aim: The aim of the study was to find the prevalence of depression and anxiety in college students. Methods: A prospective study was done in 400 college students in the age group of 18–25 years. A self-made questionnaire, along with the Beck's Depression and Anxiety Inventory, was administered. Results: We found that depression was prevalent in about 48.30% of the students, whereas anxiety was prevalent in 50% of these students. Conclusion: Hence, moderate-to-severe levels of depression and anxiety exist in college students, which need to be confirmed and diagnosed clinically and treated at the earliest.
背景:由于学业压力和社会生活期望,抑郁和焦虑是当今青少年最常见的精神障碍。它们在大多数时候都被忽视,并可能对学生的个人、学术和社会生活产生严重影响。目的:本研究旨在了解大学生抑郁和焦虑的患病率。方法:对400名18-25岁的大学生进行前瞻性研究。一份自制的问卷,连同Beck的抑郁和焦虑量表,被管理。结果:我们发现约48.30%的学生普遍存在抑郁,而50%的学生普遍焦虑。结论:大学生存在中度至重度的抑郁和焦虑,需要尽早进行临床确诊和治疗。
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引用次数: 14
Focus on youth mental health: The need of the hour 关注青少年心理健康:时势需要
IF 0.5 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_65_20
Swapnajeet Sahoo, S. Grover
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引用次数: 1
Reasons for playing online games among females: A case report based evidence 女性玩网络游戏的原因:基于案例报告的证据
IF 0.5 Q4 PSYCHIATRY Pub Date : 2019-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/jmhhb.jmhhb_52_19
M. Sharma, Nitin Anand, N. Suma, P. Thakur, Maya Sahu, Nisha John, Ashwini Tadpatrikar, Priya Singh, S. Ajith, Ankita Biswas, R. Archana, Akash Vishwakarma, Keshava D. Murthy
The online gaming has not been a well -researched area among females. The female gamers also have a preference for violent games. A 17-year-old female pursuing secondary education, belonging to a single child nuclear family presented with complaints of playing online games, increased expression of anger, decline in academics, and decreased social interaction. The case demonstrated that feeling of achievement, escapism, distraction, and developing social ties were the predominant motives to play games among females. The case also reflected the issues of emotional dyscontrol which were secondary to the nonavailability of opportunity to play. The case implies for enhancing understanding the process issues of gaming behaviors among females, cross-cultural knowledge, as well as for screening and formulating preventive strategies.
网络游戏在女性中还没有得到很好的研究。女性玩家也更喜欢暴力游戏。一名17岁的中等教育女生,属于独生子女核心家庭,表现为抱怨玩网络游戏,表达愤怒增加,学习成绩下降,社交互动减少。该案例表明,成就感、逃避现实、分散注意力和发展社交关系是女性玩游戏的主要动机。这个案例也反映了情绪控制障碍的问题,这是次于没有机会玩的问题。本案例对提高对女性游戏行为过程问题的理解、跨文化知识以及筛查和制定预防策略具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Journal of Mental Health and Human Behaviour
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