Leonardus Lewo Hayon, A. Alimuddin, A. S. Panggabean
The research about validation method of determination of Cd (II) in NPK fertilizer by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry at the Quality Control Laboratory, PT. Pupuk Kaltim has been done. Determination of Cd (II) was done by referring to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 2803:2012. Based on the research results obtained by the correlation coefficient (r) was 0.9991; reproducibility with a relative standard deviation (RSD) value was 4.502 % less than 2/3 CV Horwitz was 9.757 and repeatability with a relative standard deviation (RSD) value was 5.225% less than 2/3 CV Horwitz was 9.695; % recovery was in the range of 80-110 % with an average was 98.56 %; limit of detection was 0.056 mg/kg and limit of quantitation was 0,066 mg/kg; uncertainty estimation of measurement with uncertainty components of concentration, volume, mass, precision and purity of the standard solution, obtained the expanded uncertainty value with a 95 % confidence level was ± 0.197 mg/kg and uncertainty percentage value was 10.43 %.
{"title":"VALIDATION METHOD OF DETERMINATION OF Cd (II) IN NPK FERTILIZER BY FLAME ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROPHOTOMETRY AT THE QUALITY CONTROL LABORATORY, PT. PUPUK KALIMANTAN TIMUR","authors":"Leonardus Lewo Hayon, A. Alimuddin, A. S. Panggabean","doi":"10.30872/jkm.v19i1.898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30872/jkm.v19i1.898","url":null,"abstract":"The research about validation method of determination of Cd (II) in NPK fertilizer by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry at the Quality Control Laboratory, PT. Pupuk Kaltim has been done. Determination of Cd (II) was done by referring to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 2803:2012. Based on the research results obtained by the correlation coefficient (r) was 0.9991; reproducibility with a relative standard deviation (RSD) value was 4.502 % less than 2/3 CV Horwitz was 9.757 and repeatability with a relative standard deviation (RSD) value was 5.225% less than 2/3 CV Horwitz was 9.695; % recovery was in the range of 80-110 % with an average was 98.56 %; limit of detection was 0.056 mg/kg and limit of quantitation was 0,066 mg/kg; uncertainty estimation of measurement with uncertainty components of concentration, volume, mass, precision and purity of the standard solution, obtained the expanded uncertainty value with a 95 % confidence level was ± 0.197 mg/kg and uncertainty percentage value was 10.43 %.","PeriodicalId":31725,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Mulawarman","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42003504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Reducing Environmental pollution from household products that are used continuously, Processing waste cooking oil waste can be used to make innovations that benefit the community. Cooking oil that is used in excess of its use is called used cooking oil which is not well consumed by the body and has a negative impact on soil and air pollution. Processing of used cooking oil can be made as soap, one of which is liquid soap. Liquid soap is cleaner and more effective soap in packaging and usage.
{"title":"SABUN CAIR EKONOMIS DENGAN PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH MINYAK JELANTAH","authors":"Indica Septriyanti","doi":"10.30872/jkm.v19i1.927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30872/jkm.v19i1.927","url":null,"abstract":"Reducing Environmental pollution from household products that are used continuously, Processing waste cooking oil waste can be used to make innovations that benefit the community. Cooking oil that is used in excess of its use is called used cooking oil which is not well consumed by the body and has a negative impact on soil and air pollution. Processing of used cooking oil can be made as soap, one of which is liquid soap. Liquid soap is cleaner and more effective soap in packaging and usage.","PeriodicalId":31725,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Mulawarman","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45029371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Audi Zahid Iswaradi, Rahmat Gunawan, Noor Hindryawati
A study of computation on zeolite LTA (Linde Type A) interaction with alkaline cation (Li+, Na+, K+) using the mechanical molecular method was conducted. Data processing was conducted computationally using Hyperchem 7.0 with the mechanical molecular method. The result of the study showed zeolite LTA with ratio Si/Al 2,4286 has the lowest minimum energy. Furthermore, impregnation by cation Li+ increases structure stability, and impregnation by cation Na+ has the largest diameter window on Zeolite LTA.
{"title":"STUDI KOMPUTASI INTERAKSI ZEOLIT LTA (LINDE TYPE A) DENGAN KATION ALKALI (LI+, NA+, K+) MENGGUNAKAN METODE MEKANIKA MOLEKULER","authors":"Audi Zahid Iswaradi, Rahmat Gunawan, Noor Hindryawati","doi":"10.30872/jkm.v19i1.1012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30872/jkm.v19i1.1012","url":null,"abstract":"A study of computation on zeolite LTA (Linde Type A) interaction with alkaline cation (Li+, Na+, K+) using the mechanical molecular method was conducted. Data processing was conducted computationally using Hyperchem 7.0 with the mechanical molecular method. The result of the study showed zeolite LTA with ratio Si/Al 2,4286 has the lowest minimum energy. Furthermore, impregnation by cation Li+ increases structure stability, and impregnation by cation Na+ has the largest diameter window on Zeolite LTA.","PeriodicalId":31725,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Mulawarman","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45303407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pembuatan komposit WO3-ZnO melalui reaksi padat-padat telah dilakukan. Tahapan penelitian meliputi pencampuran padatan WO3 dan ZnO dengan penambahan polivinil alkohol, pengeringan, pengayakan dan pemanasan. Padatan WO3 dan ZnO sebelum dikompositkan serta komposit WO3-ZnO dikarakterisasi menggunakan instrumen X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), dan uji luas permukaan menggunakan larutan methylene blue. Hasil karakterisasi XRD menunjukkan bahwa pada sampel mengandung WO3 dan ZnO juga adanya puncak difraksi ZnWO4. Pada analisa SEM dapat diamati bahwa terdapat ukuran dan bentuk partikel yang tidak homogen. Komposit WO3-ZnO memiliki luas permukaan sebesar 110,7596 m2/g.
{"title":"PEMBUATAN KOMPOSIT WO3-ZnO MELALUI REAKSI PADAT-PADAT DAN KARAKTERISASINYA","authors":"Wahyuni Ramadhani, Noor Hindryawati","doi":"10.30872/jkm.v18i2.955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30872/jkm.v18i2.955","url":null,"abstract":"Pembuatan komposit WO3-ZnO melalui reaksi padat-padat telah dilakukan. Tahapan penelitian meliputi pencampuran padatan WO3 dan ZnO dengan penambahan polivinil alkohol, pengeringan, pengayakan dan pemanasan. Padatan WO3 dan ZnO sebelum dikompositkan serta komposit WO3-ZnO dikarakterisasi menggunakan instrumen X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), dan uji luas permukaan menggunakan larutan methylene blue. Hasil karakterisasi XRD menunjukkan bahwa pada sampel mengandung WO3 dan ZnO juga adanya puncak difraksi ZnWO4. Pada analisa SEM dapat diamati bahwa terdapat ukuran dan bentuk partikel yang tidak homogen. Komposit WO3-ZnO memiliki luas permukaan sebesar 110,7596 m2/g.","PeriodicalId":31725,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Mulawarman","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44257359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A research about reduction of COD and TSS from laundry waste with Electrocoagulation method using Al and Cu electrodes in COD and TSS reduction parameters has been done. In this research, the voltage and optimum time determited based on occurred in electrocoagulation process. The determination of COD and TSS in the contact time was 60 minutes with the value of COD was 90.5645% and TSS 63.7279%. The value of voltage optimum was 12 Volt, obtain COD was 90.2392% and TSS 60.7052%.
{"title":"DECREASING OF COD AND TSS FROM LAUNDRY WASTE USES ALUMINUM (Al) AND COPPER (Cu) ELECTRODES IN THE ELECTROCOAGULATION METHOD","authors":"Mirna Desyderia Sumawan","doi":"10.30872/jkm.v18i2.737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30872/jkm.v18i2.737","url":null,"abstract":"A research about reduction of COD and TSS from laundry waste with Electrocoagulation method using Al and Cu electrodes in COD and TSS reduction parameters has been done. In this research, the voltage and optimum time determited based on occurred in electrocoagulation process. The determination of COD and TSS in the contact time was 60 minutes with the value of COD was 90.5645% and TSS 63.7279%. The value of voltage optimum was 12 Volt, obtain COD was 90.2392% and TSS 60.7052%.","PeriodicalId":31725,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Mulawarman","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41557279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Validation research method of determining oil and grease in sea water with Infrared Spectrophotometry has been conducted. To obtain valid measurement results, the research stages included measurements in the form of validation parameters such as linearity test, limit detection (LOD), quantization limit (LOQ), recovery, precision, reproducibility, detection limit of method (MDL), instrument validation and measurement uncertainty. The results showed that linearity met the good results with a correlation coefficient (R2) ≥ 0.995; LOD is 0.1 mg/L, LOQ is 0.5 mg/L, % recovery with a range of(104,59 ± 1,73)%; repetition and reproducibility was expressed as % SBR <% KV Horwitz, MDL is 0.2745 mg/L. Based on the results of this study, infrared spectrophotometry methods can be used in determining oil and fat in seawater samples with valid results. Keywords: method validation, oil and greace, infrared spectrophotometry.
{"title":"Validasi Metode Penentuang Minyak dan Lemak dalam air Laut dengan Spektrofotometri Inframerah","authors":"Gaisandry Devira Samban","doi":"10.30872/jkm.v18i2.742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30872/jkm.v18i2.742","url":null,"abstract":"Validation research method of determining oil and grease in sea water with Infrared Spectrophotometry has been conducted. To obtain valid measurement results, the research stages included measurements in the form of validation parameters such as linearity test, limit detection (LOD), quantization limit (LOQ), recovery, precision, reproducibility, detection limit of method (MDL), instrument validation and measurement uncertainty. The results showed that linearity met the good results with a correlation coefficient (R2) ≥ 0.995; LOD is 0.1 mg/L, LOQ is 0.5 mg/L, % recovery with a range of(104,59 ± 1,73)%; repetition and reproducibility was expressed as % SBR <% KV Horwitz, MDL is 0.2745 mg/L. Based on the results of this study, infrared spectrophotometry methods can be used in determining oil and fat in seawater samples with valid results. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: method validation, oil and greace, infrared spectrophotometry.","PeriodicalId":31725,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Mulawarman","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44057104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pada penelitian ini dilakukan preparasi adsorben Fe3O4 terlapis asam fulvat (Fe3O4-AF) dari tanah gambut dan diaplikasikan untuk mengadsorpsi zat warna rhodamin B. Sintesis Fe3O4-AF dilakukan dengan metode ko-presipitasi, karakterisasi meliputi analisis FTIR, XRD, SEM dan VSM serta mengetahui kondisi pH optimum adsorpsi rhodamin-B pada Fe3O4-AF. Adsorben Fe3O4-AF berhasil disintesis dengan menunjukkan munculnya spektra FTIR yang khas yakni gugus Fe-O, O-H, C-H, C=C dan C=O. Struktur kristal Fe3O4-AF tidak mengalami perubahan, morfologi permukaan berupa koloid rigid AF tertempel bulatan sferis Fe3O4 dan nilai kemagnetan Fe3O4 menurun dengan adanya AF. Kondisi optimum adsorpsi rhodamin B pada Fe3O4-AF terjadi pada pada pH 3 dengan saya serap 1,96 mg/g.
{"title":"PREPARATION OF MAGNETITE-FULVIC ACID (Fe3O4-FA) FROM PEAT SOIL AND APPLICATION TO ADSORB RHODAMINE-B","authors":"Deby Ayu Oktaviana","doi":"10.30872/jkm.v18i2.964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30872/jkm.v18i2.964","url":null,"abstract":"Pada penelitian ini dilakukan preparasi adsorben Fe3O4 terlapis asam fulvat (Fe3O4-AF) dari tanah gambut dan diaplikasikan untuk mengadsorpsi zat warna rhodamin B. Sintesis Fe3O4-AF dilakukan dengan metode ko-presipitasi, karakterisasi meliputi analisis FTIR, XRD, SEM dan VSM serta mengetahui kondisi pH optimum adsorpsi rhodamin-B pada Fe3O4-AF. Adsorben Fe3O4-AF berhasil disintesis dengan menunjukkan munculnya spektra FTIR yang khas yakni gugus Fe-O, O-H, C-H, C=C dan C=O. Struktur kristal Fe3O4-AF tidak mengalami perubahan, morfologi permukaan berupa koloid rigid AF tertempel bulatan sferis Fe3O4 dan nilai kemagnetan Fe3O4 menurun dengan adanya AF. Kondisi optimum adsorpsi rhodamin B pada Fe3O4-AF terjadi pada pada pH 3 dengan saya serap 1,96 mg/g.","PeriodicalId":31725,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Mulawarman","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42881575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Plants that contain flavonoids are widely used in traditional medicine. Flavonoids can reduce blood glucose levels with their ability as anti-oxidants. The purpose of this study was to determine natural compounds from flavonoid derivatives that have good affinity and conformation and their interactions in inhibiting α-glucosidase (an enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates into glucose) and determine the sequence of ligands that interact more strongly with α protein / enzyme α-glucosidase. Molecular docking is a computational method that aims to imitate the interaction of a ligand molecule with the protein it targets in in-vitro tests. Molecular docking between flavonoids and α-glucosidase receptors was carried out using the PLANTS method to see its affinity. The flavonoids used as ligands were flavones, flavanols and chalcone with the results of the docking scores respectively, -65.41, -64.39 and -63.07 where the standard ligand used in this study was deoxynojirimycin (-77.12). In the active side of the α-Glucosidase enzyme that binds to flavonoid ligands is Gly 555, Glu 526 and Pro 556.
{"title":"Studi Penambatan Molekul Flavonoid Pada Reseptor α-Glukosidase menggunakan PLANTS","authors":"Budi Mulyati, Riong seulina Panjaitan","doi":"10.30872/JKM.V18I2.1004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30872/JKM.V18I2.1004","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT \u0000 \u0000Plants that contain flavonoids are widely used in traditional medicine. Flavonoids can reduce blood glucose levels with their ability as anti-oxidants. The purpose of this study was to determine natural compounds from flavonoid derivatives that have good affinity and conformation and their interactions in inhibiting α-glucosidase (an enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates into glucose) and determine the sequence of ligands that interact more strongly with α protein / enzyme α-glucosidase. Molecular docking is a computational method that aims to imitate the interaction of a ligand molecule with the protein it targets in in-vitro tests. Molecular docking between flavonoids and α-glucosidase receptors was carried out using the PLANTS method to see its affinity. The flavonoids used as ligands were flavones, flavanols and chalcone with the results of the docking scores respectively, -65.41, -64.39 and -63.07 where the standard ligand used in this study was deoxynojirimycin (-77.12). In the active side of the α-Glucosidase enzyme that binds to flavonoid ligands is Gly 555, Glu 526 and Pro 556. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":31725,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Mulawarman","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45309696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Indra Masmur, Jumadi Septian Sihombing, M. Ginting
Polymerization of coffee grounds oil with Diphenyl Methane 4,4 Diisocyanate (MDI), epoxidation with performic acid and H2SO4(p) catalyst at 40-45°C, followed by hydrolysis to obtain polyols. The synthesis was carried out by reacting the polyol with Diphenyl Methane 4,4 Diisocyanate (MDI) with a ratio (polyol: MDI) 9:1; 8:2 ; 7:3 ; 6:4 ; 5:5 (v/v) in dichloromethane solvent. Each was characterized and the density values were 0.9086 gr/cm to 0.4979 gr/cm-1, the tensile strength and elongation values were 0.113 Mpa to 0.299 Mpa and 3.23% to 6.85%, respectively.
{"title":"POLIURETAN MINYAK AMPAS KOPI ARABIKA ( Coffea arabica L.)","authors":"Indra Masmur, Jumadi Septian Sihombing, M. Ginting","doi":"10.30872/jkm.v18i2.1074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30872/jkm.v18i2.1074","url":null,"abstract":"Polymerization of coffee grounds oil with Diphenyl Methane 4,4 Diisocyanate (MDI), epoxidation with performic acid and H2SO4(p) catalyst at 40-45°C, followed by hydrolysis to obtain polyols. The synthesis was carried out by reacting the polyol with Diphenyl Methane 4,4 Diisocyanate (MDI) with a ratio (polyol: MDI) 9:1; 8:2 ; 7:3 ; 6:4 ; 5:5 (v/v) in dichloromethane solvent. Each was characterized and the density values were 0.9086 gr/cm to 0.4979 gr/cm-1, the tensile strength and elongation values were 0.113 Mpa to 0.299 Mpa and 3.23% to 6.85%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":31725,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Mulawarman","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47204718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peel off gel masks have become a trend in the field of beauty as a facial skin care. Utilization of mangosteen rind extract is thought to be able to provide more function on the mask as its high levels of antioxidant. This study discusses the optimum formulation of antioxidant peel off gel mask with mangosteen rind ethanol extract. Mangosteen rind was obtained from the market in the South Tangerang area and then extracted using 96% ethanol as the solvent by maceration. Peel off gel mask preparation is formulated with extract concentrations of 1%, 2% and 4%. Stability test in the form of analysis of pH, viscosity, dry time, and homogenation was carried out for four weeks. Antioxidant analysis was carried out to detect flavonoid, saponins and tannins. The results showed that the extract contained flavonoids, saponins and tannins with free radical scavenging values of 16.10%. The optimum formulation of peel off gel mask is with 2% extract because it has an acidic pH, a viscosity value of 8025 cps, a thick texture, and has a drying time of about 14 minutes.
{"title":"Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Buah Manggis Sebagai Masker Gel Peel-Off Berantioksidan","authors":"Priyanti Priyanti, Tri Partuti, Nusaibah Nur Amalina, Desy Rahmiaty, Wulandari Fera Yanti, Hutssy Elya Nadyana, Alika Arum Daniya, Nurul Annisa, Azza Hanif Harisna","doi":"10.30872/JKM.V18I2.922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30872/JKM.V18I2.922","url":null,"abstract":"Peel off gel masks have become a trend in the field of beauty as a facial skin care. Utilization of mangosteen rind extract is thought to be able to provide more function on the mask as its high levels of antioxidant. This study discusses the optimum formulation of antioxidant peel off gel mask with mangosteen rind ethanol extract. Mangosteen rind was obtained from the market in the South Tangerang area and then extracted using 96% ethanol as the solvent by maceration. Peel off gel mask preparation is formulated with extract concentrations of 1%, 2% and 4%. Stability test in the form of analysis of pH, viscosity, dry time, and homogenation was carried out for four weeks. Antioxidant analysis was carried out to detect flavonoid, saponins and tannins. The results showed that the extract contained flavonoids, saponins and tannins with free radical scavenging values of 16.10%. The optimum formulation of peel off gel mask is with 2% extract because it has an acidic pH, a viscosity value of 8025 cps, a thick texture, and has a drying time of about 14 minutes.","PeriodicalId":31725,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kimia Mulawarman","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46785632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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