S. Suharmiati, Lestari Handayani, Betty Roosihermiatie
Drugs expenditure is the highest proportion in health services budget. financing for health services in National Universal Health Coverage era is carried out by BPJS payed to referral health facilities namely hospitals. The medicine cost at public service agency/District or Province public service agency is unknown certaintly. This descriptive study was advanced analyzes of the secondary data of 84 hospitals from health financing research in the year of 2016. The result showed that there were problems of drug availability in class B 94,6%, C 78,9% and A 77,8%. The highest proportion of generic drugs cost to total drug cost is class C hospital, followed by B class and A class hospitals i.e 40,57%, 37,83% dan 23,74% respectively. The cost of non generic drug compared to generic drugs at A, B and C class is 2,22 times, 1,15 times and 0,86 times respectively. The highest cost of generic drug is in outpatient specialist services in all class of hospitals. The cost of the drugs was increasing higher as well as the hospital class. Conclusion: The non generic drugs cost dominated in A and B class hospital while C class was generic drug cost. Generic drug use policy should be socialyzed by government and to be considered by management in order to be able to carried out cost efficiency.
{"title":"Analisis Biaya Obat Unit Rawat Jalan pada Rumah Sakit Badan Layanan Umum (BLU)/ Badan Layanan Umum Daerah (BLUD) di Indonesia","authors":"S. Suharmiati, Lestari Handayani, Betty Roosihermiatie","doi":"10.22435/jki.v9i2.1369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/jki.v9i2.1369","url":null,"abstract":"Drugs expenditure is the highest proportion in health services budget. financing for health services in National Universal Health Coverage era is carried out by BPJS payed to referral health facilities namely hospitals. The medicine cost at public service agency/District or Province public service agency is unknown certaintly. This descriptive study was advanced analyzes of the secondary data of 84 hospitals from health financing research in the year of 2016. The result showed that there were problems of drug availability in class B 94,6%, C 78,9% and A 77,8%. The highest proportion of generic drugs cost to total drug cost is class C hospital, followed by B class and A class hospitals i.e 40,57%, 37,83% dan 23,74% respectively. The cost of non generic drug compared to generic drugs at A, B and C class is 2,22 times, 1,15 times and 0,86 times respectively. The highest cost of generic drug is in outpatient specialist services in all class of hospitals. The cost of the drugs was increasing higher as well as the hospital class. Conclusion: The non generic drugs cost dominated in A and B class hospital while C class was generic drug cost. Generic drug use policy should be socialyzed by government and to be considered by management in order to be able to carried out cost efficiency.","PeriodicalId":31842,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44331198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
TThe prevalence of dyslipidemia in Indonesia continues to increase. Anredera cordifolia and Curcuma xanthorrhiza are empirically used in the community to overcome dyslipidemia disorders. Flavonoids as the main compounds in A. cordifolia and curcumin in C. xanthorrhiza have potential as antioxidant activity. This study aims to determine the in vitro mechanism of A. cordifolia and C. xanthorrhiza to reduce cholesterol associated with antioxidant activity. The testing was carried out on a combination of ethanol extracts of A. cordifolia leaves with C. xanthorrhiza rhizomes (1:1) and their single extract. The antioxidant activity test was conducted using DPPH method by making serial dilution of samples and ascorbic acid with adding DPPH. The inhibitory activity of HMG CoA and lipase enzymes was carried out enzymatically using ELISA as well as simvastatin as the comparison. The results showed that the highest antioxidant activity is in C. xanthorrhiza extract samples IC50 16.21 ± 1.74 µg/mL, but was less potential compared to ascorbic acid IC50 7,63±0,85 µg/mL. The most potential inhibition of HMG CoA and lipase is in C. xanthorrhiza samples IC50 8.35 ± 0.02 and 22.35 ± 1.26 µg/mL. The combination of A. cordifolia and C. xanthorrhiza (1: 1) is better than A. cordifolia extract but lower than C. xanthorrhiza extract in antioxidant activity as well as the inhibition of HMG CoA reductase and lipase. The result showed a correlation that the higher antioxidant activity, the higher inhibitory of HMG CoA reductase and lipase respectively.
{"title":"Aktivitas Antioksidan serta Penghambatan HMG CoA dan Lipase dari Kombinasi Ekstrak Daun Binahong-Rimpang Temu Lawak","authors":"Nanang Yunarto, Nurul Aini, Intan Sari Oktoberia, Indah Sulistyowati, Arifayu Addiena Kurniatri","doi":"10.22435/jki.v9i2.1930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/jki.v9i2.1930","url":null,"abstract":"TThe prevalence of dyslipidemia in Indonesia continues to increase. Anredera cordifolia and Curcuma xanthorrhiza are empirically used in the community to overcome dyslipidemia disorders. Flavonoids as the main compounds in A. cordifolia and curcumin in C. xanthorrhiza have potential as antioxidant activity. This study aims to determine the in vitro mechanism of A. cordifolia and C. xanthorrhiza to reduce cholesterol associated with antioxidant activity. The testing was carried out on a combination of ethanol extracts of A. cordifolia leaves with C. xanthorrhiza rhizomes (1:1) and their single extract. The antioxidant activity test was conducted using DPPH method by making serial dilution of samples and ascorbic acid with adding DPPH. The inhibitory activity of HMG CoA and lipase enzymes was carried out enzymatically using ELISA as well as simvastatin as the comparison. The results showed that the highest antioxidant activity is in C. xanthorrhiza extract samples IC50 16.21 ± 1.74 µg/mL, but was less potential compared to ascorbic acid IC50 7,63±0,85 µg/mL. The most potential inhibition of HMG CoA and lipase is in C. xanthorrhiza samples IC50 8.35 ± 0.02 and 22.35 ± 1.26 µg/mL. The combination of A. cordifolia and C. xanthorrhiza (1: 1) is better than A. cordifolia extract but lower than C. xanthorrhiza extract in antioxidant activity as well as the inhibition of HMG CoA reductase and lipase. The result showed a correlation that the higher antioxidant activity, the higher inhibitory of HMG CoA reductase and lipase respectively.","PeriodicalId":31842,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41939777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Obesity is a co-morbidity of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and other metabolic diseases, which the prevalence increases every year. The use of herbal medicine is an alternative choice to overcome obesity. Clinical observation of decoction of herbal medicine (Dutch teak, kemuning, rhei radix and tempuyung) has been conducted for obesity therapy which has been proven to be effective in reducing body weight and body mass index (BMI). Innovation in steeping form is considered more practical than stew. Randomized open label pararel design research was carried out to assess the equal efficacy of the herbs in stew and steeping form. The number of subjects in each group were 30 subjects, they were patients of of Rumah Riset Jamu (RRJ) Hortus Medicus during June-October 2016 who met the inclusion criteria. BW and BMI are measured on Day-0, 28 and 56, while body height is measured once at Day-0. Both stew and steeping groups drank herbs twice a day for 56 days. At the end of the study, it was found that the mean of declining BW of the decoction group was 67.35 kg to 66.37 kg, while the steeping group 67.41 kg to 66.45 kg. BMI of stew group was decreased 26.85 kg / m2 to 26.46 kg / m2, while in steeping group 26.67 kg / m2 to 26.29 kg / m2. Statistic test result to compare BW and BMI of both two groups before and after treatment showed no significant differences in the two groups (p> 0.05). The ability of herbal medicines in steeping or stew forms can reduce the BW and BMI equally.
{"title":"Efek Dua Sediaan Ramuan Jamu pada Pasien Obesitas: Studi Klinis dengan Desain Paralel, Random dan Tidak Tersamar","authors":"Zuraida Zulkarnain, Ulfatun Nisa, Enggar Wijayanti, Ulfa Fitriani","doi":"10.22435/jki.v9i2.1596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/jki.v9i2.1596","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity is a co-morbidity of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and other metabolic diseases, which the prevalence increases every year. The use of herbal medicine is an alternative choice to overcome obesity. Clinical observation of decoction of herbal medicine (Dutch teak, kemuning, rhei radix and tempuyung) has been conducted for obesity therapy which has been proven to be effective in reducing body weight and body mass index (BMI). Innovation in steeping form is considered more practical than stew. Randomized open label pararel design research was carried out to assess the equal efficacy of the herbs in stew and steeping form. The number of subjects in each group were 30 subjects, they were patients of of Rumah Riset Jamu (RRJ) Hortus Medicus during June-October 2016 who met the inclusion criteria. BW and BMI are measured on Day-0, 28 and 56, while body height is measured once at Day-0. Both stew and steeping groups drank herbs twice a day for 56 days. At the end of the study, it was found that the mean of declining BW of the decoction group was 67.35 kg to 66.37 kg, while the steeping group 67.41 kg to 66.45 kg. BMI of stew group was decreased 26.85 kg / m2 to 26.46 kg / m2, while in steeping group 26.67 kg / m2 to 26.29 kg / m2. Statistic test result to compare BW and BMI of both two groups before and after treatment showed no significant differences in the two groups (p> 0.05). The ability of herbal medicines in steeping or stew forms can reduce the BW and BMI equally.","PeriodicalId":31842,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43345786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Widiyastuti, Ika Yanti M. Sholikhah, Sari Haryanti
Cancer is one of the leading cause of death in the world. Complicated and high cost treatments of cancer encourages people to look for alternative treatments among others using medicinal plants. Some medicinal plants that are empirically claimed to have anticancer effect are soursop (Annona muricata), takokak (Solanum torvum), and bidara upas (Merremia mammosa). However, these medicinal herbs have not been tested for cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cancer cells. The purpose of this study was to determine the cytotoxic activity of the anticancer herbal formula consisting those three plants. The effect of each single extract and the combination formula were tested for their activity on cell viability of MCF-7 with MTT assay method. The herbal formula with the most active combination of medicinal plant extracts was further tested for its activity on the expression of Bcl-2 protein by immunocytochemistry methods. The results showed that each single extract and the combination formula gave cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Formula A, consisted of a mixture of soursop leaves, takokak fruit, and bidas upas bulb with a ratio of 1:1:1, results in highest inhibition of the viability of MCF-7 cells with IC50 values of 48 µg/ml. The formula also enhances the apoptosis process in MCF-7 cells which is shown by decreasing the expression of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins.
{"title":"Efek Sitotoksik Formula Jamu Daun Sirsak, Buah Takokak, dan Umbi Bidara Upas terhadap Sel Kanker Payudara MCF-7","authors":"Y. Widiyastuti, Ika Yanti M. Sholikhah, Sari Haryanti","doi":"10.22435/jki.v9i2.1049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/jki.v9i2.1049","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer is one of the leading cause of death in the world. Complicated and high cost treatments of cancer encourages people to look for alternative treatments among others using medicinal plants. Some medicinal plants that are empirically claimed to have anticancer effect are soursop (Annona muricata), takokak (Solanum torvum), and bidara upas (Merremia mammosa). However, these medicinal herbs have not been tested for cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cancer cells. The purpose of this study was to determine the cytotoxic activity of the anticancer herbal formula consisting those three plants. The effect of each single extract and the combination formula were tested for their activity on cell viability of MCF-7 with MTT assay method. The herbal formula with the most active combination of medicinal plant extracts was further tested for its activity on the expression of Bcl-2 protein by immunocytochemistry methods. The results showed that each single extract and the combination formula gave cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Formula A, consisted of a mixture of soursop leaves, takokak fruit, and bidas upas bulb with a ratio of 1:1:1, results in highest inhibition of the viability of MCF-7 cells with IC50 values of 48 µg/ml. The formula also enhances the apoptosis process in MCF-7 cells which is shown by decreasing the expression of antiapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins.","PeriodicalId":31842,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46314231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The treatment of diabetic neuropathy pain has not possessed an explicit guideline therapy yet, due to the difference perception towards the respond of pain from certain individu. In indonesia, the data regarding factors that could affect clinical outcome of pain are still limited to the meassurement of tolerance, perception, and sensitivity of certain pain. This study aims to describe the clinical outcome of pain along with the affected factors for diabetic neuropathy patients in Internal Medicine Clinics of Yogyakarta City General Hospital. The design of this This study is an analytical descriptive with cross sectional approach to 81 patients of diabetic neuropathy pain. The pain level measurement of patient is conducted with Visual Analog Scale (VAS) Instrument. The obtained data are analyzed statistically by applying Chi Square and logistical regression analysis. The results of this study showed that 60 patients (74,07%) had reached clinical outcome of pain, and 21 patients (25,93%) had not reached clinical outcome of pain. Factors that affecting clinical outcome of pain to diabetic neuropathy patients were BMI non-obesity (p = 0.043), period of diabetic less than 5 year (p = 0.022), anticonvulsant consuming (p = 0.039), and neurotropic vitamin (p = 0.002). According to the result of multivariate analysis by applying logistical regression test, neurotropic vitamin was claimed as the most influential factor towards clinical outcome of neuropathy pain to diabetic neuropathy patients with p = 0.013, OR = 11.109, and Cl = (1,668-73,970).
{"title":"Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Clinical Outcome Nyeri pada Pasien Diabetes Neuropati di Poliklinik Penyakit Dalam RSUD Kota Yogyakarta","authors":"Dirga Dirga, A. Nugroho, D. Pramantara","doi":"10.22435/jki.v9i2.388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/jki.v9i2.388","url":null,"abstract":"The treatment of diabetic neuropathy pain has not possessed an explicit guideline therapy yet, due to the difference perception towards the respond of pain from certain individu. In indonesia, the data regarding factors that could affect clinical outcome of pain are still limited to the meassurement of tolerance, perception, and sensitivity of certain pain. This study aims to describe the clinical outcome of pain along with the affected factors for diabetic neuropathy patients in Internal Medicine Clinics of Yogyakarta City General Hospital. The design of this This study is an analytical descriptive with cross sectional approach to 81 patients of diabetic neuropathy pain. The pain level measurement of patient is conducted with Visual Analog Scale (VAS) Instrument. The obtained data are analyzed statistically by applying Chi Square and logistical regression analysis. The results of this study showed that 60 patients (74,07%) had reached clinical outcome of pain, and 21 patients (25,93%) had not reached clinical outcome of pain. Factors that affecting clinical outcome of pain to diabetic neuropathy patients were BMI non-obesity (p = 0.043), period of diabetic less than 5 year (p = 0.022), anticonvulsant consuming (p = 0.039), and neurotropic vitamin (p = 0.002). According to the result of multivariate analysis by applying logistical regression test, neurotropic vitamin was claimed as the most influential factor towards clinical outcome of neuropathy pain to diabetic neuropathy patients with p = 0.013, OR = 11.109, and Cl = (1,668-73,970).","PeriodicalId":31842,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42224392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tobacco plants are widely used as raw material for cigarettes, but the results of the study show that in tobacco leaves contain compounds that can be used in the pharmaceutical and health fields. Tobacco leaves contain essential oils that have a distinctive aroma. The study aims to examine the antibacterial activity of tobacco essential oil from six sources tobacco such as Temanggung, Yogyakarta, Purwodadi, Boyolali, Blitar and Probolinggo. Tobacco essential oil is obtained by the steam-water distillation method. Antibacterial activity evaluation was carried out by diffusion method and the minimum inhibitory concentration on two bacteria, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The yield of tobacco essential oil ranged from 0.54-3.39%. Tobacco essential oil had antibacterial activity against bacteria E. coli and S. aureus in the presence of inhibition zones in bacterial media. The biggest inhibition zone was in Yogyakarta tobacco essential oil of 26 mm for S. aureus bacteria, while for E. coli bacteria the biggest inhibition zone was Blitar tobacco essential oil which was equal to 21 mm. The inhibition zone was not much different from the inhibition zone in tetracycline antibiotic testing (positive control) which was 25 mm in S. aureus and 21.5 mm bacteria in E. coli bacteria. Tobacco essential oil from Probolinggo was able to inhibit the growth of S. aureus bacteria up to a concentration of 6.25% and E. coli bacteria to a concentration of 12.5%.
{"title":"Aktivitas Antibakteri Minyak Atsiri Daun Tembakau terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus","authors":"Elda Nurnasari, K. S. Wijayanti","doi":"10.22435/jki.v9i1.1219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/jki.v9i1.1219","url":null,"abstract":"Tobacco plants are widely used as raw material for cigarettes, but the results of the study show that in tobacco leaves contain compounds that can be used in the pharmaceutical and health fields. Tobacco leaves contain essential oils that have a distinctive aroma. The study aims to examine the antibacterial activity of tobacco essential oil from six sources tobacco such as Temanggung, Yogyakarta, Purwodadi, Boyolali, Blitar and Probolinggo. Tobacco essential oil is obtained by the steam-water distillation method. Antibacterial activity evaluation was carried out by diffusion method and the minimum inhibitory concentration on two bacteria, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The yield of tobacco essential oil ranged from 0.54-3.39%. Tobacco essential oil had antibacterial activity against bacteria E. coli and S. aureus in the presence of inhibition zones in bacterial media. The biggest inhibition zone was in Yogyakarta tobacco essential oil of 26 mm for S. aureus bacteria, while for E. coli bacteria the biggest inhibition zone was Blitar tobacco essential oil which was equal to 21 mm. The inhibition zone was not much different from the inhibition zone in tetracycline antibiotic testing (positive control) which was 25 mm in S. aureus and 21.5 mm bacteria in E. coli bacteria. Tobacco essential oil from Probolinggo was able to inhibit the growth of S. aureus bacteria up to a concentration of 6.25% and E. coli bacteria to a concentration of 12.5%.","PeriodicalId":31842,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47347510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Multi Drug Resistance-1 (MDR-1) gene polymorphisms encoding for P-glycoprotein can affect clopidogrel intestinal absorption. This systematic review aim to identify the impact of MDR-1 gene 3435 variants on clopidogrel pharmacokinetics. Literature review were retrieved from MEDLINE, Science Direct, Scopus, Clinical Key, ProQuest and Google Scholar databases. The articles are critically reviewed and analyzed to answer this systematic review’s aim. The result showed that, in patients with cardiovascular disease, the peak plasma concentration (Cmax) and the total area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) of clopidogrel and its active metabolites were lower in 3435TT compared to 3435CC. Nevertheless, the variants of MDR-1 gene were not significantly correlated to the plasma concentration in healthy subjects. Clopidogrel pharmacokinetic profile varied widely between MDR-1 3435 variants and subjects.
{"title":"Kajian Sistematik: Efek Gen Multi Drug Resistance-1 pada Farmakokinetik Klopidogrel","authors":"R. Niruri, Rini Noviyani, Indah Mei Rahajeng","doi":"10.22435/jki.v9i1.584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/jki.v9i1.584","url":null,"abstract":"Multi Drug Resistance-1 (MDR-1) gene polymorphisms encoding for P-glycoprotein can affect clopidogrel intestinal absorption. This systematic review aim to identify the impact of MDR-1 gene 3435 variants on clopidogrel pharmacokinetics. Literature review were retrieved from MEDLINE, Science Direct, Scopus, Clinical Key, ProQuest and Google Scholar databases. The articles are critically reviewed and analyzed to answer this systematic review’s aim. The result showed that, in patients with cardiovascular disease, the peak plasma concentration (Cmax) and the total area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) of clopidogrel and its active metabolites were lower in 3435TT compared to 3435CC. Nevertheless, the variants of MDR-1 gene were not significantly correlated to the plasma concentration in healthy subjects. Clopidogrel pharmacokinetic profile varied widely between MDR-1 3435 variants and subjects.","PeriodicalId":31842,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47218283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dengue infection is an endemic disease in the tropics and subtropics, caused by dengue virus (DENV) infection. Some compounds have been shown to have antiviral effects on some viruses. In silico study is conducted to predict the stability of natural ingredient compounds: artemisinin, catechin, mangiferin, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and quercetin in their interactions with dengue virus proteins at molecular level. This study is carried out using the 2008 version of the Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) software. Ligands are ribavirin as antiviral control whereas artemisinin, mangiferin, EGCG, and quercetin with 3D mole format structures. The downloaded DENV protein with PDB document format is the DENV serotype 2 envelope protein with 1OKE code, non structural protein 3 (NS3) with 2VBC code and NS5 protein with 1L9K code. In silico test generally showed that catechin, mangiferin, EGCG, and quercetin had more stable docking ligands to DENV’s proteins. In particular, mangiferin had stable docking ligand to envelope proteins, NS3 (helicase and protease) and in NS5-methyltransferase compared to ribavirin. Catechin stabled on NS3-protease, EGCG on NS3 (helicase and protease) and quercetin on NS3-protease. Artemisinin had less stabled bonds than ribavirin. The results indicated that catechin, mangiferin, EGCG, and quercetin had potential inhibition to DENV proteins whereas mangiferin was the most potential compound to inhibit dengue virus protein targets.
{"title":"Studi in Silico Lima Senyawa Aktif Sebagai Penghambat Protein Virus Dengue","authors":"R. Herman","doi":"10.22435/jki.v9i1.1157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/jki.v9i1.1157","url":null,"abstract":"Dengue infection is an endemic disease in the tropics and subtropics, caused by dengue virus (DENV) infection. Some compounds have been shown to have antiviral effects on some viruses. In silico study is conducted to predict the stability of natural ingredient compounds: artemisinin, catechin, mangiferin, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and quercetin in their interactions with dengue virus proteins at molecular level. This study is carried out using the 2008 version of the Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) software. Ligands are ribavirin as antiviral control whereas artemisinin, mangiferin, EGCG, and quercetin with 3D mole format structures. The downloaded DENV protein with PDB document format is the DENV serotype 2 envelope protein with 1OKE code, non structural protein 3 (NS3) with 2VBC code and NS5 protein with 1L9K code. In silico test generally showed that catechin, mangiferin, EGCG, and quercetin had more stable docking ligands to DENV’s proteins. In particular, mangiferin had stable docking ligand to envelope proteins, NS3 (helicase and protease) and in NS5-methyltransferase compared to ribavirin. Catechin stabled on NS3-protease, EGCG on NS3 (helicase and protease) and quercetin on NS3-protease. Artemisinin had less stabled bonds than ribavirin. The results indicated that catechin, mangiferin, EGCG, and quercetin had potential inhibition to DENV proteins whereas mangiferin was the most potential compound to inhibit dengue virus protein targets.","PeriodicalId":31842,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42257230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The combination of tea leaf dregs extract and rice washing water as a peel-off gel mask was found to be stable up to 28 days of storage and had an IC50 value 20.4 ppm. This potential can provide an optimal effects as cosmetic ingredients.However, to meet the regulatory requirements of Badan Pengawas Obat Makanan (BPOM) RI and ISO 10993, a dermal sensitization test also need to be done. The aim of this study was to determine the dermal sensitization reaction from peel-off gel mask containing a combination of tea leaf dregsextract (Camellia sinensis L.) and rice washing water (Oryza sativa L.) in test animal. Thisstudy was designed based on experimental laboratory methods and sample selection by simple random sampling. The intervention was given based on posttest-only control group design. The test results for dermal sensitization were determined using the Guinea Pig Maximization Test (GPMT) method. The results showed erythema and edema reactions according to the Magnusson and Kligman scale after administration of peel-off gel masks as samples in the topical tests in test animals, appeared on the 11th day and in the challenge test appeared on the 24th day. This was due to incubation period for one week where the hypersensitivity state can develop, so that this reaction is also called the delayed hypersensitivity reaction
{"title":"Uji Sensitisasi Dermal Masker Gel Kombinasi Ekstrak Ampas Daun Teh dan Air Cucian Beras","authors":"Andi Nurul Annisa, Wahyu Utaminingrum, Erza Genatrika","doi":"10.22435/jki.v9i1.491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/jki.v9i1.491","url":null,"abstract":"The combination of tea leaf dregs extract and rice washing water as a peel-off gel mask was found to be stable up to 28 days of storage and had an IC50 value 20.4 ppm. This potential can provide an optimal effects as cosmetic ingredients.However, to meet the regulatory requirements of Badan Pengawas Obat Makanan (BPOM) RI and ISO 10993, a dermal sensitization test also need to be done. The aim of this study was to determine the dermal sensitization reaction from peel-off gel mask containing a combination of tea leaf dregsextract (Camellia sinensis L.) and rice washing water (Oryza sativa L.) in test animal. Thisstudy was designed based on experimental laboratory methods and sample selection by simple random sampling. The intervention was given based on posttest-only control group design. The test results for dermal sensitization were determined using the Guinea Pig Maximization Test (GPMT) method. The results showed erythema and edema reactions according to the Magnusson and Kligman scale after administration of peel-off gel masks as samples in the topical tests in test animals, appeared on the 11th day and in the challenge test appeared on the 24th day. This was due to incubation period for one week where the hypersensitivity state can develop, so that this reaction is also called the delayed hypersensitivity reaction","PeriodicalId":31842,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47178602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Betle leaf (Piper betle Linn.) is very popular in Indonesia. Betle leaf is useful for dental health and frequently used as mouthwash; to eliminate body and mouth odor; treats mouth ulcer, nosebleed, itching, ulceration and vaginal discharge in women. An oral cavity is a place for bacteria. If there is a bacterial immunity reduction, that was originally commensal bacteria can turn into a pathogen that cause infection. One of bacteria that commonly found in the oral cavity is Staphylococcus aureus. The bacteria have the ability to occupy and form biofilm on biomaterials that cause resistant to antimicrobials, thus making it difficult to eradicate host that is infected by S. aureus. Previous study reported a multidrug resistant of S. aureus that could cause death, that to overcome it, betle leaves extract ethanol in vitro antiseptic test to S.aureus was conducted. The test was conducted by the phenol coefficient method using S. auereus ATCC 25923 bacteria. Povidone iodine mouthwash that is circulated in the market is used as a comparison. The results showed that mouthwash containing ethanol extract of betle leaf had a phenol coefficient value of 1.87 while povidone iodine mouthwash as a comparison, had a phenol coefficient of 1.0. Mouthwash containing ethanol extract of betle leaf had higher antiseptic effectiveness than the comparative mouthwash.
{"title":"Uji Aktivitas Antiseptik Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sirih (Piper betle Linn.) dalam Obat Kumur terhadap Staphylococcus aureus secara in Vitro","authors":"Dian Sundari, Almasyhuri Almasyhuri","doi":"10.22435/jki.v9i1.351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22435/jki.v9i1.351","url":null,"abstract":"Betle leaf (Piper betle Linn.) is very popular in Indonesia. Betle leaf is useful for dental health and frequently used as mouthwash; to eliminate body and mouth odor; treats mouth ulcer, nosebleed, itching, ulceration and vaginal discharge in women. An oral cavity is a place for bacteria. If there is a bacterial immunity reduction, that was originally commensal bacteria can turn into a pathogen that cause infection. One of bacteria that commonly found in the oral cavity is Staphylococcus aureus. The bacteria have the ability to occupy and form biofilm on biomaterials that cause resistant to antimicrobials, thus making it difficult to eradicate host that is infected by S. aureus. Previous study reported a multidrug resistant of S. aureus that could cause death, that to overcome it, betle leaves extract ethanol in vitro antiseptic test to S.aureus was conducted. The test was conducted by the phenol coefficient method using S. auereus ATCC 25923 bacteria. Povidone iodine mouthwash that is circulated in the market is used as a comparison. The results showed that mouthwash containing ethanol extract of betle leaf had a phenol coefficient value of 1.87 while povidone iodine mouthwash as a comparison, had a phenol coefficient of 1.0. Mouthwash containing ethanol extract of betle leaf had higher antiseptic effectiveness than the comparative mouthwash.","PeriodicalId":31842,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kefarmasian Indonesia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44943976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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