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Atlanto-occipital Assimilation an Incidental Cephalometric Finding: Diagnosis and Clinical Implications – A Case Report 头颅测量意外发现的寰枕同形:诊断与临床意义--病例报告
Pub Date : 2024-02-25 DOI: 10.1177/03015742241231653
Bibin Joe Davis, Dinesh Chander Chaudhary, B. Jayan, V. Thakur, S. S. Chopra, Guramrit Sandhu
Occipitalization of atlas is an osseous anomaly of the craniovertebral junction, which occurs at the base of the skull in the region of the foramen magnum. It is the fusion of first cervical vertebra with the occipital bone of the skull. A 16-year-old patient reported with chief complaint of irregularly placed teeth. Routine lateral cephalogram assessment revealed the presence of fusion between first cervical vertebrae (C-1) and base of skull. The radiographic investigation revealed the presence of fusion along with the clinical findings of short neck, short face, cleft palate, missing teeth, and pain during neck extension and flexion. Such cases of craniocervical anomaly can cause orthopedic and neurological problems like abnormal posture of head, restricted neck movements, cervical pain, pain in extremities, wasting of muscles, and convulsions. The comprehensive radiographic assessment of all structures visible in cephalogram of orthodontic patient can help in identification of such anomalies and sensitize the patients about symptomatic or asymptomatic condition.
寰枕枕骨化是颅椎交界处的一种骨性异常,发生在颅底的枕骨大孔区域。它是第一颈椎与颅骨枕骨的融合。一名 16 岁的患者主诉牙齿排列不齐。常规侧位头颅影像评估显示,第一颈椎(C-1)与颅底之间存在融合。影像学检查显示存在融合,临床表现为短颈、短脸、腭裂、牙齿缺失以及颈部伸屈时疼痛。此类颅颈畸形病例可导致骨科和神经科问题,如头部姿势异常、颈部活动受限、颈椎疼痛、四肢疼痛、肌肉萎缩和抽搐。对正畸患者头颅影像中可见的所有结构进行全面的放射学评估有助于识别此类异常,并使患者对无症状或无症状的情况更加敏感。
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引用次数: 0
Silhouette Profiles in the Assessment of Facial Aesthetics: A Comparison of Cases Treated with Damon and Traditional Braces 面部美学评估中的轮廓剖面图:戴蒙矫正器和传统矫正器治疗病例的比较
Pub Date : 2024-02-23 DOI: 10.1177/03015742241231084
Aadhirai Gopinath, Samyuktha, Dilip Srinivasan, S. Kishore
Aim: The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate the perception of patient’s soft tissue profiles treated with Damon and traditional braces (MBT) in non-extraction cases. Methods: The record of 14 patients (five Damon, five MBT, and four Duplicated) non extraction cases was included in the study. A total of 28 resulting profile silhouettes (pre- and post-treatment profile photographs) were evaluated by 90 examiners (orthodontists, general dentists, laypersons) using a Likert scale to rate the profiles randomly. Statistical analysis (Student t-test, ANOVA) revealed significant differences both between and within groups. Results: The Laypersons, General dentist, and Orthodontist significantly gave high scores for Damon system compared to (MBT system). It is seen that both male and female examiners gave high scores for Damon compared to MBT system. Conclusion: Damon system was found to have a perceptible difference in the profile improvement when compared to MBT with all three groups of examiners.
目的:本研究旨在比较和评估在非拔牙病例中使用戴蒙牙套和传统牙套(MBT)治疗的患者对软组织外形的感觉。研究方法本研究包括 14 名非拔牙病例患者(5 名戴蒙患者、5 名 MBT 患者和 4 名复式患者)的记录。90 名检查人员(正畸医生、普通牙医、非专业人员)使用李克特量表对总共 28 个结果轮廓剪影(治疗前和治疗后的轮廓照片)进行了评估,并对轮廓进行了随机评分。统计分析(学生 t 检验、方差分析)显示,组间和组内差异显著。结果显示与(MBT 系统)相比,非专业人士、普通牙医和正畸医生对 Damon 系统的评分明显较高。与 MBT 系统相比,男性和女性检查者对 Damon 系统的评分都很高。结论:与 MBT 系统相比,Damon 系统在三组检查者的轮廓改善方面都有明显的差异。
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引用次数: 0
A Scoping Review to Find Reliable Smile Analysis Method 寻找可靠微笑分析方法的范围审查
Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.1177/03015742231215879
Akhter Husain, Neeraj, H. H. K. Bhat, A. Kuijpers-Jagtman
Background: The smile is one of the most fundamental facial expressions, used to convey friendship, agreement, and admiration. There are various smile analysis method available. Objective: The aim of this scoping review to find most reliable smile analysis method. Which smile analysis method is most reliable and accurate while assessing the smile of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment? Design: An electronic search was executed on PUBMED, Cochrane, SCOPUS, hand search was made on google scholar and references of the articles selected. Keyword used while searching the databases as “((smile analysis) AND methods) AND comparison.” Results: A preliminary search of databases and grey literature yielded 525 articles. Following the application of the eligibility criteria, 16 articles were included. Conclusion: With the use of latest technologies and knowledge in literature, a clinician can correctly identify the problem, assess the treatment need and give a satisfactory outcome to the patient.
背景介绍微笑是最基本的面部表情之一,用于传递友谊、同意和钦佩。目前有多种微笑分析方法。研究目的本综述旨在寻找最可靠的微笑分析方法。在评估正畸治疗患者的微笑时,哪种微笑分析方法最可靠、最准确?设计:在 PUBMED、Cochrane 和 SCOPUS 上进行电子检索,在谷歌学术上进行人工检索,并选择文章的参考文献。搜索数据库时使用的关键词为"((微笑分析)和方法)和比较"。结果通过对数据库和灰色文献的初步检索,共检索到 525 篇文章。根据资格标准,共纳入 16 篇文章。结论利用最新技术和文献知识,临床医生可以正确识别问题,评估治疗需求,并为患者提供满意的治疗结果。
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引用次数: 0
A Scoping Review to Find Reliable Smile Analysis Method 寻找可靠微笑分析方法的范围审查
Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.1177/03015742231215879
Akhter Husain, Neeraj, H. H. K. Bhat, A. Kuijpers-Jagtman
Background: The smile is one of the most fundamental facial expressions, used to convey friendship, agreement, and admiration. There are various smile analysis method available. Objective: The aim of this scoping review to find most reliable smile analysis method. Which smile analysis method is most reliable and accurate while assessing the smile of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment? Design: An electronic search was executed on PUBMED, Cochrane, SCOPUS, hand search was made on google scholar and references of the articles selected. Keyword used while searching the databases as “((smile analysis) AND methods) AND comparison.” Results: A preliminary search of databases and grey literature yielded 525 articles. Following the application of the eligibility criteria, 16 articles were included. Conclusion: With the use of latest technologies and knowledge in literature, a clinician can correctly identify the problem, assess the treatment need and give a satisfactory outcome to the patient.
背景介绍微笑是最基本的面部表情之一,用于传递友谊、同意和钦佩。目前有多种微笑分析方法。研究目的本综述旨在寻找最可靠的微笑分析方法。在评估正畸治疗患者的微笑时,哪种微笑分析方法最可靠、最准确?设计:在 PUBMED、Cochrane 和 SCOPUS 上进行电子检索,在谷歌学术上进行人工检索,并选择文章的参考文献。搜索数据库时使用的关键词为"((微笑分析)和方法)和比较"。结果通过对数据库和灰色文献的初步检索,共检索到 525 篇文章。根据资格标准,共纳入 16 篇文章。结论利用最新技术和文献知识,临床医生可以正确识别问题,评估治疗需求,并为患者提供满意的治疗结果。
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引用次数: 0
Modified Essix Retainer for Deep Bite Correction 用于深咬合矫正的改良型 Essix 保持器
Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.1177/03015742241226767
Akanksha Chandiwala, K. Keluskar, R. Jatti
Aesthetics is one of the main concerns amongst most patients when approaching orthodontists for treatment, usually surpassing their functional requirements. Here we present a 24-year-old female patient who had undergone orthodontic treatment previously. However, she still had a deep bite present and desired an Aesthetic appliance to treat the same. This Modified Essix Retainer was developed with these considerations in mind.
美观是大多数患者在接受正畸治疗时最关心的问题之一,通常超过了他们对功能的要求。这里我们要介绍一位 24 岁的女性患者,她之前接受过正畸治疗。然而,她仍然存在咬合过深的问题,因此希望使用美观的矫治器来治疗。这款改良型 Essix 保持器就是基于这些考虑而开发的。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of Smile Characteristics of Attractive Smile in Various Growth Patterns 评估不同生长模式下迷人微笑的特征
Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.1177/03015742241226515
Akiladevi Senthilkumar, Prabhakar Krishnan, Raja Arasappan, Karthi Muthukumar, Raja Subramani, Rehna Parvin
Objective: To investigate the dynamic aspect of attractive smile and smile parameters in different growth patterns. Methods: Participants ranging in age from 17 to 25 years were randomly selected and videographic records of smile were obtained. A panel of two orthodontists, two prosthodontists, and two laypersons were involved in the selection of attractive smile. Inter-examiner variability was also assessed. The final sample of 84 participants with attractive smile were grouped into three categories based on clinical FMA into average, horizontal, and vertical growth pattern. Upper lip length = ULL-R, Lower lip length = LLL-R were measured on rest photographs. Upper lip length = ULL-S, Lower lip length = LLL-S, Upper lip thickness = ULT, Lower lip thickness = LLT, Maxillary incisal display = MID, Interlabial gap = ILG, Outer inter commissural width = ICW, Buccal corridor space = BC were measured on smile photographs. Pearson’s Chi-square test was done for the perception of attractiveness of smile. Differences among the three groups was subjected to one-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc test. Results: Highly significant correlation was observed among orthodontists, prosthodontists, and laypersons in assessing attractiveness of smile. Vertical parameters such as upper lip length at rest, upper lip length during smile, lower lip length at rest, lower lip length during smile, and lower lip thickness (LLT) were significantly increased in the vertical pattern when compared with the average and horizontal growth pattern, whereas buccal corridor space was the least in horizontal growth pattern. Conclusion: Growth patterns appear to have an influence on perception of smile esthetics and smile parameters. This suggests that care should be taken while framing treatment goals considering the significant differences among growth patterns. Strong correlation was observed among orthodontists, prosthodontists, and laypersons in assessing attractiveness of smile. ULL-R, ULL-S, LLL-R, LLL-S, and ΔULL show a significantly higher value in vertical growth pattern when compared to average and horizontal growth pattern. The buccal corridor space (BC) among the participants was the least in horizontal growth pattern.
目的研究不同生长模式下迷人微笑的动态方面和微笑参数。方法:随机选取年龄在 17 至 25 岁之间的参与者,拍摄微笑视频记录:随机选取年龄在 17 至 25 岁之间的参与者,并获取微笑视频记录。由两名正畸学家、两名修复学家和两名非专业人士组成的小组参与了迷人微笑的评选。此外,还对考官之间的差异进行了评估。最后,根据临床 FMA 将 84 名具有迷人微笑的参与者分为三类:平均生长模式、水平生长模式和垂直生长模式。上唇长度 = ULL-R,下唇长度 = LLL-R,根据休息照片测量。上唇长度 = ULL-S、下唇长度 = LLL-S、上唇厚度 = ULT、下唇厚度 = LLT、上颌切缘显示 = MID、唇间隙 = ILG、外颊间隙宽度 = ICW、颊廊间隙 = BC 是通过微笑照片测量的。对微笑吸引力的感知进行了皮尔逊卡方检验。对三组之间的差异进行单因素方差分析和 Tukey 后检验。结果正畸科医生、修复科医生和非专业人士在评估微笑吸引力方面存在高度相关性。与平均水平和水平生长模式相比,垂直生长模式下的上唇静止时长度、微笑时上唇长度、下唇静止时长度、微笑时下唇长度和下唇厚度(LLT)等垂直参数显著增加,而水平生长模式下的颊廊空间最小。结论生长模式似乎会影响对微笑美学和微笑参数的感知。这表明,考虑到不同生长模式之间的显著差异,在制定治疗目标时应小心谨慎。正畸医生、口腔修复医生和普通人在评估微笑的吸引力时发现了很强的相关性。与平均生长模式和水平生长模式相比,ULL-R、ULL-S、LLL-R、LLL-S 和 ΔULL 在垂直生长模式中的数值明显更高。在横向生长模式中,参与者的颊廊空间(BC)最小。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of Smile Characteristics of Attractive Smile in Various Growth Patterns 评估不同生长模式下迷人微笑的特征
Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.1177/03015742241226515
Akiladevi Senthilkumar, Prabhakar Krishnan, Raja Arasappan, Karthi Muthukumar, Raja Subramani, Rehna Parvin
Objective: To investigate the dynamic aspect of attractive smile and smile parameters in different growth patterns. Methods: Participants ranging in age from 17 to 25 years were randomly selected and videographic records of smile were obtained. A panel of two orthodontists, two prosthodontists, and two laypersons were involved in the selection of attractive smile. Inter-examiner variability was also assessed. The final sample of 84 participants with attractive smile were grouped into three categories based on clinical FMA into average, horizontal, and vertical growth pattern. Upper lip length = ULL-R, Lower lip length = LLL-R were measured on rest photographs. Upper lip length = ULL-S, Lower lip length = LLL-S, Upper lip thickness = ULT, Lower lip thickness = LLT, Maxillary incisal display = MID, Interlabial gap = ILG, Outer inter commissural width = ICW, Buccal corridor space = BC were measured on smile photographs. Pearson’s Chi-square test was done for the perception of attractiveness of smile. Differences among the three groups was subjected to one-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc test. Results: Highly significant correlation was observed among orthodontists, prosthodontists, and laypersons in assessing attractiveness of smile. Vertical parameters such as upper lip length at rest, upper lip length during smile, lower lip length at rest, lower lip length during smile, and lower lip thickness (LLT) were significantly increased in the vertical pattern when compared with the average and horizontal growth pattern, whereas buccal corridor space was the least in horizontal growth pattern. Conclusion: Growth patterns appear to have an influence on perception of smile esthetics and smile parameters. This suggests that care should be taken while framing treatment goals considering the significant differences among growth patterns. Strong correlation was observed among orthodontists, prosthodontists, and laypersons in assessing attractiveness of smile. ULL-R, ULL-S, LLL-R, LLL-S, and ΔULL show a significantly higher value in vertical growth pattern when compared to average and horizontal growth pattern. The buccal corridor space (BC) among the participants was the least in horizontal growth pattern.
目的研究不同生长模式下迷人微笑的动态方面和微笑参数。方法:随机选取年龄在 17 至 25 岁之间的参与者,拍摄微笑视频记录:随机选取年龄在 17 至 25 岁之间的参与者,并获取微笑视频记录。由两名正畸学家、两名修复学家和两名非专业人士组成的小组参与了迷人微笑的评选。此外,还对考官之间的差异进行了评估。最后,根据临床 FMA 将 84 名具有迷人微笑的参与者分为三类:平均生长模式、水平生长模式和垂直生长模式。上唇长度 = ULL-R,下唇长度 = LLL-R,根据休息照片测量。上唇长度 = ULL-S、下唇长度 = LLL-S、上唇厚度 = ULT、下唇厚度 = LLT、上颌切缘显示 = MID、唇间隙 = ILG、外颊间隙宽度 = ICW、颊廊间隙 = BC 是通过微笑照片测量的。对微笑吸引力的感知进行了皮尔逊卡方检验。对三组之间的差异进行单因素方差分析和 Tukey 后检验。结果正畸科医生、修复科医生和非专业人士在评估微笑吸引力方面存在高度相关性。与平均水平和水平生长模式相比,垂直生长模式下的上唇静止时长度、微笑时上唇长度、下唇静止时长度、微笑时下唇长度和下唇厚度(LLT)等垂直参数显著增加,而水平生长模式下的颊廊空间最小。结论生长模式似乎会影响对微笑美学和微笑参数的感知。这表明,考虑到不同生长模式之间的显著差异,在制定治疗目标时应小心谨慎。正畸医生、口腔修复医生和普通人在评估微笑的吸引力时发现了很强的相关性。与平均生长模式和水平生长模式相比,ULL-R、ULL-S、LLL-R、LLL-S 和 ΔULL 在垂直生长模式中的数值明显更高。在横向生长模式中,参与者的颊廊空间(BC)最小。
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引用次数: 0
Modified Essix Retainer for Deep Bite Correction 用于深咬合矫正的改良型 Essix 保持器
Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.1177/03015742241226767
Akanksha Chandiwala, K. Keluskar, R. Jatti
Aesthetics is one of the main concerns amongst most patients when approaching orthodontists for treatment, usually surpassing their functional requirements. Here we present a 24-year-old female patient who had undergone orthodontic treatment previously. However, she still had a deep bite present and desired an Aesthetic appliance to treat the same. This Modified Essix Retainer was developed with these considerations in mind.
美观是大多数患者在接受正畸治疗时最关心的问题之一,通常超过了他们对功能的要求。这里我们要介绍一位 24 岁的女性患者,她之前接受过正畸治疗。然而,她仍然存在咬合过深的问题,因此希望使用美观的矫治器来治疗。这款改良型 Essix 保持器就是基于这些考虑而开发的。
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引用次数: 0
A New Versatile Tool for Accurate Bracket Positioning—An In Vitro Study 用于精确托架定位的新型多功能工具--一项体外研究
Pub Date : 2024-02-07 DOI: 10.1177/03015742241226513
Aarohi Singh Rathor, B. Jani, Alap Shah, Anisha Prasad, Kinnari Thakore
Aim: To evaluate and compare the accuracy of bracket positioning in the incisogingival and mesiodistal aspects with the MBT gauge and new multipurpose bracket positioning tool. Materials and methods: Bracket positioning of maxillary anterior teeth (n=30) was assessed on the typhodont model. The UNC-15 (University of North Carolina) probe was modified as an MBP tool. Five different malocclusions: (a) Class II Division 1 (n=6); (b) Class II Division 2 (n=6); (c) Class I with mesially inclined maxillary anterior teeth (n=6); (d) Class I with crowding in maxillary anterior teeth-3 mm (n=6); (e) Class I with different vertical heights of maxillary anterior teeth (n=6). The measurements of the study were divided into three groups; Group A: Central Incisor, Group B: Lateral Incisor, and Group Canine, based on positioning with MBT Gauge and MBP tool. The measurements on each tooth were recorded using vernier calliper, on the basis of which the discrepancy in vertical and axial bracket positioning was assessed. Results: The comparative evaluation of the MBT gauge and MBP Tool showed statistically insignificant differences between all the groups (p>0.05). The mean standard deviation with the MBT gauge was 0.5-0.7 mm, whereas with the MBP tool was only 0.05- 0.3 mm only; suggesting clinical relevance and acuity during bracket positioning. Conclusion: The MBP tool is relatively accurate and comparable to the MBT gauge as the horizontal and vertical arm of the MBP tool facilitates proper visualization by coinciding with the long axis of the tooth on the typhodont model leading to augmented precision.
目的:评估并比较 MBT 测量仪和新型多功能托槽定位工具在龈内和牙周中的托槽定位精度。材料和方法:在畸齿模型上对上颌前牙(n=30)的托槽定位进行评估。将 UNC-15(北卡罗来纳大学)探针改装为 MBP 工具。五种不同的畸形:(a) 二类一分区(n=6);(b) 二类二分区(n=6);(c) 上颌前牙中倾的Ⅰ类(n=6);(d) 上颌前牙拥挤-3 毫米的Ⅰ类(n=6);(e) 上颌前牙垂直高度不同的Ⅰ类(n=6)。研究的测量结果分为三组:A 组:中切牙;B 组:上颌前牙;C 组:上颌前牙:中切牙组根据 MBT 测量仪和 MBP 工具的定位,分为三组:A 组:中央切牙;B 组:侧切牙;C 组:犬齿。使用游标卡尺记录每颗牙齿的测量值,并根据测量值评估托槽垂直和轴向定位的差异。结果:MBT 测量仪和 MBP 工具的比较评估显示,所有组间的差异在统计学上不显著(P>0.05)。使用 MBT 测量仪的平均标准偏差为 0.5-0.7 毫米,而使用 MBP 工具的平均标准偏差仅为 0.05-0.3 毫米;这表明托槽定位过程中的临床相关性和敏锐性。结论:MBP 工具相对精确,可与 MBT 测量仪相媲美,因为 MBP 工具的水平和垂直臂与牙合模型上的牙齿长轴重合,便于正确观察,从而提高了精确度。
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引用次数: 0
A Comparison of Smartphone-assisted and Computer Software Assisted Tracing with the Conventional Manual Method 智能手机和计算机软件辅助描记法与传统手工描记法的比较
Pub Date : 2024-02-06 DOI: 10.1177/03015742231214376
Siddhartha Kastury, Pavan Kancherla, Sateesh Kumar Reddy, Srikrishna Chalasani
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Indian Orthodontic Society
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