Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.24833/2073-8420-2023-1-66-31-45
D. Grebnev, A. S. Grebneva
Introduction. The article describes the dynamics of the criminal situation at the transport infrastructure facilities of the Russian Federation in 2022 Based on the analysis of changes in the operational situation in transport over the past five years, taking into account the influence of previously non-existent factors that arose as a result of the introduction of anti-covert measures in 2020-2021 and openly hostile actions of Western countries directed against Russia, which has been conducting since February 2022 a special military operation in Ukraine, the conditions for the development of the criminal situation in transport are considered. The analysis of the criminal situation on transport in Russia during the period under study allows us to consider the trends of crime not only from the angle of its criminal-legal nature, but also from the perspective of the influence of ongoing social processes on it. The paper identifies the factors affecting crime rates at transport facilities in the current conditions, estimates of options for possible development of the criminal situation are derived, priority areas of law enforcement agencies' activities to minimize crime at transport facilities are formulated.Materials and methods. The theoretical basis of the study was the conclusions and achievements of criminological science on crime, scientific provisions on crime as a social phenomenon, on factors affecting the dynamics of crime. General scientific and private scientific research methods (synthesis, deduction, analysis, generalization, observation, etc.) were used in the work. The methodological basis of the research was a systematic approach, comparative and problem approaches.The results of the study. As a result of the analysis of the criminal situation at the transport facilities of the Russian Federation, it was found that, starting from 2020, new factors influenced the quantitative indicators of crime in transport. The introduction of restrictive measures related to the spread of coronavirus infection, their subsequent cancellation, the beginning of the geopolitical crisis in the world, provoked by the introduction of sanctions by Western countries against Russia, restrictions on international communications. closure of airports, borders, etc. they affected the directions of preventive activities of the internal affairs bodies in transport. The conclusions and forecasts made in the article determine the trends in the development of the criminal situation in transport in 2023 and allow us to determine the most important vectors of the direction of preventive activities of internal affairs bodies. Discussion and conclusion. The article identifies and substantiates the priority areas of activity of the internal affairs bodies of Russia in transport for the most effective organization of preventive activities and combating crime.
{"title":"The State and Dynamics of the Criminal Situation at the Transport Facilities of the Russian Federation in the Context of the Developing Geopolitical Crisis","authors":"D. Grebnev, A. S. Grebneva","doi":"10.24833/2073-8420-2023-1-66-31-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24833/2073-8420-2023-1-66-31-45","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The article describes the dynamics of the criminal situation at the transport infrastructure facilities of the Russian Federation in 2022 Based on the analysis of changes in the operational situation in transport over the past five years, taking into account the influence of previously non-existent factors that arose as a result of the introduction of anti-covert measures in 2020-2021 and openly hostile actions of Western countries directed against Russia, which has been conducting since February 2022 a special military operation in Ukraine, the conditions for the development of the criminal situation in transport are considered. The analysis of the criminal situation on transport in Russia during the period under study allows us to consider the trends of crime not only from the angle of its criminal-legal nature, but also from the perspective of the influence of ongoing social processes on it. The paper identifies the factors affecting crime rates at transport facilities in the current conditions, estimates of options for possible development of the criminal situation are derived, priority areas of law enforcement agencies' activities to minimize crime at transport facilities are formulated.Materials and methods. The theoretical basis of the study was the conclusions and achievements of criminological science on crime, scientific provisions on crime as a social phenomenon, on factors affecting the dynamics of crime. General scientific and private scientific research methods (synthesis, deduction, analysis, generalization, observation, etc.) were used in the work. The methodological basis of the research was a systematic approach, comparative and problem approaches.The results of the study. As a result of the analysis of the criminal situation at the transport facilities of the Russian Federation, it was found that, starting from 2020, new factors influenced the quantitative indicators of crime in transport. The introduction of restrictive measures related to the spread of coronavirus infection, their subsequent cancellation, the beginning of the geopolitical crisis in the world, provoked by the introduction of sanctions by Western countries against Russia, restrictions on international communications. closure of airports, borders, etc. they affected the directions of preventive activities of the internal affairs bodies in transport. The conclusions and forecasts made in the article determine the trends in the development of the criminal situation in transport in 2023 and allow us to determine the most important vectors of the direction of preventive activities of internal affairs bodies. Discussion and conclusion. The article identifies and substantiates the priority areas of activity of the internal affairs bodies of Russia in transport for the most effective organization of preventive activities and combating crime.","PeriodicalId":31893,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Administration Finance and Law","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75080825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.24833/2073-8420-2023-1-66-74-80
I. М. Shepeleva
Introduction. The article highlights the problems arising in the field of higher education in connection with the introduction of digital technologies in the practice of teaching. Currently, such concepts as information space, information society, digitalization and the like are constant and ubiquitous in cultural and business environment. These terms describe the current stage of development of society, its technological state, the ways of its further evolution, as well as the consciousness and attitude of the modern individual. Digitalization of the educational process as an advanced effective tool provides the teacher with new means of improving the quality of learning through visualization and updating of the studied material, a huge selection of additional resources, as well as encourages the student’s desire for self-education.Materials and methods. In the course of writing this article, the following methods of scientific research were used: analysis, synthesis, abstraction and philosophical generalization, as well as induction and testing. When analyzing the main directions of the use of digital methods in education, a characteristic of the new reality of higher school work is given, the advantages and disadvantages of the formation of a digital educational environment are highlighted.Results of the study. The author comes to the conclusion that the widespread introduction of digital methods leads to a general transformation not only of the industrial and business environment, but also to significant changes in the worldview of new generations, as well as their approaches to obtaining information, its analysis and evaluation, as well as to communication challenges.Discussion and conclusions. The paper concludes, that digital learning, with all its undeniable advantages and wide opportunities, cannot be considered an equivalent replacement for traditional forms of education due to largely limited communication between teachers and students. Other serious challenges of the modern digital society in terms of the educational process are cardinal changes in the thinking of young people due to the difference in their everyday life experience from the routines of previous “predigital” generations. Thus, the optimal solution to the problem of adapting higher education to new realities is an effective combination of the latest resources and techniques with a traditional approach to the process of forming a new personality of the 21st century.
{"title":"А New Personality for Digital Technologies: New Challenges in Higher Education","authors":"I. М. Shepeleva","doi":"10.24833/2073-8420-2023-1-66-74-80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24833/2073-8420-2023-1-66-74-80","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The article highlights the problems arising in the field of higher education in connection with the introduction of digital technologies in the practice of teaching. Currently, such concepts as information space, information society, digitalization and the like are constant and ubiquitous in cultural and business environment. These terms describe the current stage of development of society, its technological state, the ways of its further evolution, as well as the consciousness and attitude of the modern individual. Digitalization of the educational process as an advanced effective tool provides the teacher with new means of improving the quality of learning through visualization and updating of the studied material, a huge selection of additional resources, as well as encourages the student’s desire for self-education.Materials and methods. In the course of writing this article, the following methods of scientific research were used: analysis, synthesis, abstraction and philosophical generalization, as well as induction and testing. When analyzing the main directions of the use of digital methods in education, a characteristic of the new reality of higher school work is given, the advantages and disadvantages of the formation of a digital educational environment are highlighted.Results of the study. The author comes to the conclusion that the widespread introduction of digital methods leads to a general transformation not only of the industrial and business environment, but also to significant changes in the worldview of new generations, as well as their approaches to obtaining information, its analysis and evaluation, as well as to communication challenges.Discussion and conclusions. The paper concludes, that digital learning, with all its undeniable advantages and wide opportunities, cannot be considered an equivalent replacement for traditional forms of education due to largely limited communication between teachers and students. Other serious challenges of the modern digital society in terms of the educational process are cardinal changes in the thinking of young people due to the difference in their everyday life experience from the routines of previous “predigital” generations. Thus, the optimal solution to the problem of adapting higher education to new realities is an effective combination of the latest resources and techniques with a traditional approach to the process of forming a new personality of the 21st century. ","PeriodicalId":31893,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Administration Finance and Law","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83689401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.24833/2073-8420-2023-1-66-66-73
L. S. Pichkova, E. Karavaeva, M. V. Kulemekova
Introduction. The article explores the importance of digitalization in foreign language studying within the concept of life-long learning. The authors underscore the need to create integrated educational space, based on building efficient educational tracks, embracing various forms of e-learning and applying distant educational technologies. The high degree of relevance of life-long learning is attributed to rapid updating of information and knowledge as well as rising competition on the labour market and increasing requirements for professional competence.It is underlined that digital technologies can only be efficient once they are employed within a particular educational framework, designed to achieve specific goals and meet students’ needs and requirements. The paradigm of life-long learning and creation of unitary educational space with regard to foreign language learning suggest that higher educational institutions, which possess the necessary scientific and teaching capacities, should take the leading role in designing, applying and spreading educational digital technologies. The accomplishments and experience of universities and institutes in that sphere should be employed in all the stages of education. Such institutions enjoy sufficient resources and competencies to create online and distant learning courses, which provide access to high quality further education to various categories of students. The authors come to the conclusion that ensuring human right to lifelong learning, including foreign language learning, requires timely meeting changing labour market requirements, building individual educational tracks, and applying modern digital technologies.Materials and methods. The methodical approach of the research refers to the specified and known empirical and theoretical methods in digital linguodidactics. The analysis of mapping out foreign language learning in the framework of the digital educational system is extensively used in the article. Other general and specific research methods – dialectical, comparative, modeling, ect.-have also been applied in this study.Results. The high degree of relevance of creating digital educational environment and life-long learning is attributed to rapid updating of information and knowledge, which stimulates motivation for their acquisition, specification and application. Moreover, rising competition on the labour market and increasing requirements for professional competence, including excellent command of a foreign language, create a powerful incentive for continuous learning, achieved within integrated digital educational system.Discussion and conclusion. The research, that has been carried out in the article makes it possible to conclude that creation of the integrated digital educational environment based on modern learning techniques encourages life-long education, particularly in the context of foreign language learning.
{"title":"The Role of Digital Technologies in Foreign Language Learning in the Context of Life-Long Learning Paradigm","authors":"L. S. Pichkova, E. Karavaeva, M. V. Kulemekova","doi":"10.24833/2073-8420-2023-1-66-66-73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24833/2073-8420-2023-1-66-66-73","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The article explores the importance of digitalization in foreign language studying within the concept of life-long learning. The authors underscore the need to create integrated educational space, based on building efficient educational tracks, embracing various forms of e-learning and applying distant educational technologies. The high degree of relevance of life-long learning is attributed to rapid updating of information and knowledge as well as rising competition on the labour market and increasing requirements for professional competence.It is underlined that digital technologies can only be efficient once they are employed within a particular educational framework, designed to achieve specific goals and meet students’ needs and requirements. The paradigm of life-long learning and creation of unitary educational space with regard to foreign language learning suggest that higher educational institutions, which possess the necessary scientific and teaching capacities, should take the leading role in designing, applying and spreading educational digital technologies. The accomplishments and experience of universities and institutes in that sphere should be employed in all the stages of education. Such institutions enjoy sufficient resources and competencies to create online and distant learning courses, which provide access to high quality further education to various categories of students. The authors come to the conclusion that ensuring human right to lifelong learning, including foreign language learning, requires timely meeting changing labour market requirements, building individual educational tracks, and applying modern digital technologies.Materials and methods. The methodical approach of the research refers to the specified and known empirical and theoretical methods in digital linguodidactics. The analysis of mapping out foreign language learning in the framework of the digital educational system is extensively used in the article. Other general and specific research methods – dialectical, comparative, modeling, ect.-have also been applied in this study.Results. The high degree of relevance of creating digital educational environment and life-long learning is attributed to rapid updating of information and knowledge, which stimulates motivation for their acquisition, specification and application. Moreover, rising competition on the labour market and increasing requirements for professional competence, including excellent command of a foreign language, create a powerful incentive for continuous learning, achieved within integrated digital educational system.Discussion and conclusion. The research, that has been carried out in the article makes it possible to conclude that creation of the integrated digital educational environment based on modern learning techniques encourages life-long education, particularly in the context of foreign language learning. ","PeriodicalId":31893,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Administration Finance and Law","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83648754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.24833/2073-8420-2023-1-66-85-88
A. A. Ignatov
This review is devoted to the book by Smirnov A.A. «Formation of the system of legal support of information and psychological security in the Russian Federation». The author reviews the existing approaches to the classification of types of information and psychological impact, presents the results of the analysis of the current Russian legislation, identifies problematic areas of domestic law, and presents recommendations regarding the improvement of legal mechanisms for ensuring information and psycho- logical security in Russia, taking into account foreign experience.
{"title":"Review of the book by Smirnov A.A. \"Formation of the system of legal support of information and psychological security in the Russian Federation\"","authors":"A. A. Ignatov","doi":"10.24833/2073-8420-2023-1-66-85-88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24833/2073-8420-2023-1-66-85-88","url":null,"abstract":"This review is devoted to the book by Smirnov A.A. «Formation of the system of legal support of information and psychological security in the Russian Federation». The author reviews the existing approaches to the classification of types of information and psychological impact, presents the results of the analysis of the current Russian legislation, identifies problematic areas of domestic law, and presents recommendations regarding the improvement of legal mechanisms for ensuring information and psycho- logical security in Russia, taking into account foreign experience.","PeriodicalId":31893,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Administration Finance and Law","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84307754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.24833/2073-8420-2023-1-66-15-22
A. Inshakova, A. Goncharov
Introduction. The investigation contains a scientific development of some concepts and categories from the interstate regulation of the procedures for the introduction of digital technologies in Industry 4.0 for their use by economic entities of the EAEU and BRICS jurisdictions in their foreign economic activities. The definition of legal risks that may arise during the implementation and application of digital technologies of Industry 4.0 formulated at the conceptual level.Materials and methods. The work used traditional general scientific research methods, such as the dialectical method of cognition, analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, as well as private scientific legal methods, including formal legal, the method of legal interpretation. The authors implement a systematic approach to the study of the problem by using several methods of scientific research in combination. Research results. As a result of the analysis, the authors substantiate the scientific and methodological principle of inter-jurisdictional risk management of changes in legislation, as well as their neutralization and avoidance in the implementation of foreign economic activity by economic entities of the EAEU and BRICS jurisdictions. This approach of inter-jurisdictional management of legal risks proposed to be enshrined in the provisions of the international convention, to which the countries participating in integration associations will be able to join, ensuring the entry into force of the relevant regulatory provisions in their jurisdictions.Discussion and conclusion. Based on the results of the study, a complex of information and communication technologies for continuous tracking of the movement of individual goods, as well as vehicles that transport goods under foreign trade transactions between the jurisdictions of the EAEU and BRICS associations, has been formed in five categories. This set of digital technologies applied on basis of a new scientific and methodological approach to inter-jurisdictional risk management of collisions with legal provisions, as well as the neutralization and avoidance of these risks in the implementation of foreign economic activities by economic entities of the jurisdictions of these associations.The new approach provides for the coordination of the regulatory documents adopted by the member states of the integration associations in the mechanism of the inter-jurisdictional polysubject blockchain. The documents relate to the introduction and application of digital technologies of foreign economic activity, to the level of a single (identical) regulatory document for all participants by simultaneously registering it on the server of each of the foreign economic departments of the EAEU and BRICS as subjects of a distributed register.
{"title":"Interstate Regulation of the Use of Digital Technologies of Industry 4.0 in the EAEU and BRICS: Legal Risks","authors":"A. Inshakova, A. Goncharov","doi":"10.24833/2073-8420-2023-1-66-15-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24833/2073-8420-2023-1-66-15-22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The investigation contains a scientific development of some concepts and categories from the interstate regulation of the procedures for the introduction of digital technologies in Industry 4.0 for their use by economic entities of the EAEU and BRICS jurisdictions in their foreign economic activities. The definition of legal risks that may arise during the implementation and application of digital technologies of Industry 4.0 formulated at the conceptual level.Materials and methods. The work used traditional general scientific research methods, such as the dialectical method of cognition, analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, as well as private scientific legal methods, including formal legal, the method of legal interpretation. The authors implement a systematic approach to the study of the problem by using several methods of scientific research in combination. Research results. As a result of the analysis, the authors substantiate the scientific and methodological principle of inter-jurisdictional risk management of changes in legislation, as well as their neutralization and avoidance in the implementation of foreign economic activity by economic entities of the EAEU and BRICS jurisdictions. This approach of inter-jurisdictional management of legal risks proposed to be enshrined in the provisions of the international convention, to which the countries participating in integration associations will be able to join, ensuring the entry into force of the relevant regulatory provisions in their jurisdictions.Discussion and conclusion. Based on the results of the study, a complex of information and communication technologies for continuous tracking of the movement of individual goods, as well as vehicles that transport goods under foreign trade transactions between the jurisdictions of the EAEU and BRICS associations, has been formed in five categories. This set of digital technologies applied on basis of a new scientific and methodological approach to inter-jurisdictional risk management of collisions with legal provisions, as well as the neutralization and avoidance of these risks in the implementation of foreign economic activities by economic entities of the jurisdictions of these associations.The new approach provides for the coordination of the regulatory documents adopted by the member states of the integration associations in the mechanism of the inter-jurisdictional polysubject blockchain. The documents relate to the introduction and application of digital technologies of foreign economic activity, to the level of a single (identical) regulatory document for all participants by simultaneously registering it on the server of each of the foreign economic departments of the EAEU and BRICS as subjects of a distributed register. ","PeriodicalId":31893,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Administration Finance and Law","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76402200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.24833/2073-8420-2023-1-66-81-84
T. V. Isaeva
Book review: M. Lebedeva, E. Zinovieva. International Negotiations in the Digital Age. Moscow.: Aspekt Press Ltd., 2022. – 248 p.In recent years, the role and significance of digital diplomacy in international relations has been growing. Digital technologies are changing the diplomatic activities in all its diversity: from negotiating and preparing documents to performing representative functions and promoting the image of the country abroad. The book under review systematizes all current trends and prospects for the development of negotiations in the context of digital transformation.
书评:M. Lebedeva, E. Zinovieva。数字时代的国际谈判。莫斯科。:阿斯派克出版社，2022。近年来，数字外交在国际关系中的作用和意义日益突出。数字技术正在改变各种外交活动:从谈判和准备文件到履行代表职能和在国外宣传国家形象。这本书在审查系统的所有目前的趋势和前景，在数字化转型的背景下谈判的发展。
{"title":"Digital Transformation of Public Diplomacy","authors":"T. V. Isaeva","doi":"10.24833/2073-8420-2023-1-66-81-84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24833/2073-8420-2023-1-66-81-84","url":null,"abstract":"Book review: M. Lebedeva, E. Zinovieva. International Negotiations in the Digital Age. Moscow.: Aspekt Press Ltd., 2022. – 248 p.In recent years, the role and significance of digital diplomacy in international relations has been growing. Digital technologies are changing the diplomatic activities in all its diversity: from negotiating and preparing documents to performing representative functions and promoting the image of the country abroad. The book under review systematizes all current trends and prospects for the development of negotiations in the context of digital transformation. ","PeriodicalId":31893,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Administration Finance and Law","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81683410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.24833/2073-8420-2023-1-66-54-65
T. Litvinova, O. A. Kochetkova, D. V. Kaverin
Introduction. The article analyses the features of the socio-economic development of the republics of the North Caucasian Federal District in the conditions of external challenges that our country has been facing over the past three years, including the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as external sanctions pressure in 2022. The relevance of the study is due to the constant dependence of the budgets of the republics of the North Caucasian Federal District on revenues from the federal budget, tension in the labor market, and the need to improve the mechanisms of regional governance.Materials and methods. The concept of economic (budgetary federalism) developed by J. Stigler, W. Oates, L. Feld and F. Schneider serves as the theoretical and methodological basis of the study. Foreign theories of economic federalism offer two models of the budget process – decentralized and centralized. The Russian model of budgetary federalism, functioning as a centralized unitary state, was considered in the works of A. Avetisyan, I. Kharitonov, E. Mashchenko and many others. On the one hand, such a system makes it possible to accumulate federal budget funds for solving common problems. On the other hand, there are still regions with a strong economic dependence on gratuitous receipts from the budget of a higher level. This study is based on the analysis of socio-economic statistics and monitoring of regional media.Results. The Republics of the North Caucasian Federal District continue to demonstrate a high subsidized dependence of their budgets on gratuitous receipts from the federal budget. At the same time, in the post-pandemic period, there has been a slight growth in own budget revenues due to an increase of small and medium-sized businesses. Unemployment remains a serious systemic problem. The digitalization and the development of e-government play an important role in the optimization of management processes. During the pandemic, the number of citizens of the North Caucasian Federal District receiving public services in electronic form increased by 12%. The sanctions pressure after the start of the Special Military Operation in Ukraine did not have a significant impact on the economy of the republics of the North Caucasian Federal District due to their weak involvement in the international division of labor.Discussion and conclusion. The serious dependence of the budgets of the republics of the North Caucasian Federal District on subsidies from the federal center, on the one hand, makes the socio-economic situation in the republics free from external challenges. On the other hand, the entire burden of economic support and financing of the necessary social measures falls on the federal government, in particular, smoothing out inflationary risks for small businesses and families with children. The difference in the possibilities of regional budgets was also manifested in the provision of one-time financial assistance to the families of the mobiliz
介绍。本文分析了在我国过去三年中面临的外部挑战(包括2019冠状病毒病大流行的后果以及2022年的外部制裁压力)的情况下，北高加索联邦区各共和国的社会经济发展特点。该研究的相关性是由于北高加索联邦区各共和国的预算对联邦预算收入的持续依赖，劳动力市场的紧张局势以及改善区域治理机制的必要性。材料和方法。J. Stigler、W. Oates、L. Feld和F. Schneider提出的经济(预算联邦主义)概念是本研究的理论和方法基础。国外的经济联邦制理论提供了预算过程的两种模式——分散的和集中的。a . Avetisyan, I. Kharitonov, E. Mashchenko和许多其他人的作品中都考虑到了俄罗斯预算联邦主义模式，即中央集权的单一国家。一方面，这样的制度使得为解决共同问题积累联邦预算资金成为可能。另一方面，仍有一些区域在经济上强烈依赖来自更高一级预算的无偿收入。本研究基于对社会经济统计数据的分析和对区域媒体的监测结果。北高加索联邦区各共和国继续表现出其预算高度依赖于来自联邦预算的无偿收入。与此同时，在大流行后时期，由于中小型企业的增加，自身预算收入略有增长。失业仍然是一个严重的系统性问题。数字化和电子政务的发展对优化管理流程起着重要的作用。在疫情期间，北高加索联邦区接受电子形式公共服务的公民人数增加了12%。乌克兰特别军事行动开始后的制裁压力没有对北高加索联邦区各共和国的经济产生重大影响，因为它们很少参与国际分工。讨论与结论。一方面，北高加索联邦区各共和国的预算严重依赖于联邦中心的补贴，这使得各共和国的社会经济状况不受外部挑战。另一方面，为必要的社会措施提供经济支持和融资的全部负担落在了联邦政府身上，特别是要为小企业和有孩子的家庭消除通胀风险。区域预算可能性的差异还表现在向被动员人员的家庭提供一次性财政援助方面。由于纳税企业数量的增加，这再次提出了增加地区预算收入方面的需要。
{"title":"Socio-Economic Development of the Republic of the North Caucasian Federal District in the Conditions of External Challenges","authors":"T. Litvinova, O. A. Kochetkova, D. V. Kaverin","doi":"10.24833/2073-8420-2023-1-66-54-65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24833/2073-8420-2023-1-66-54-65","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The article analyses the features of the socio-economic development of the republics of the North Caucasian Federal District in the conditions of external challenges that our country has been facing over the past three years, including the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as external sanctions pressure in 2022. The relevance of the study is due to the constant dependence of the budgets of the republics of the North Caucasian Federal District on revenues from the federal budget, tension in the labor market, and the need to improve the mechanisms of regional governance.Materials and methods. The concept of economic (budgetary federalism) developed by J. Stigler, W. Oates, L. Feld and F. Schneider serves as the theoretical and methodological basis of the study. Foreign theories of economic federalism offer two models of the budget process – decentralized and centralized. The Russian model of budgetary federalism, functioning as a centralized unitary state, was considered in the works of A. Avetisyan, I. Kharitonov, E. Mashchenko and many others. On the one hand, such a system makes it possible to accumulate federal budget funds for solving common problems. On the other hand, there are still regions with a strong economic dependence on gratuitous receipts from the budget of a higher level. This study is based on the analysis of socio-economic statistics and monitoring of regional media.Results. The Republics of the North Caucasian Federal District continue to demonstrate a high subsidized dependence of their budgets on gratuitous receipts from the federal budget. At the same time, in the post-pandemic period, there has been a slight growth in own budget revenues due to an increase of small and medium-sized businesses. Unemployment remains a serious systemic problem. The digitalization and the development of e-government play an important role in the optimization of management processes. During the pandemic, the number of citizens of the North Caucasian Federal District receiving public services in electronic form increased by 12%. The sanctions pressure after the start of the Special Military Operation in Ukraine did not have a significant impact on the economy of the republics of the North Caucasian Federal District due to their weak involvement in the international division of labor.Discussion and conclusion. The serious dependence of the budgets of the republics of the North Caucasian Federal District on subsidies from the federal center, on the one hand, makes the socio-economic situation in the republics free from external challenges. On the other hand, the entire burden of economic support and financing of the necessary social measures falls on the federal government, in particular, smoothing out inflationary risks for small businesses and families with children. The difference in the possibilities of regional budgets was also manifested in the provision of one-time financial assistance to the families of the mobiliz","PeriodicalId":31893,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Administration Finance and Law","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74739776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-26DOI: 10.24833/2073-8420-2023-1-66-3-14
G. V. Sofronov, R. N. Kholstinin
Introduction. The article presents an attempt for the first time, on the basis of philosophical and legal understanding, to use the concept of “reputation”, which is new for legal scientific circulation. Legal terms, including criminal procedural ones, arise as generic terms. That is, concepts are brought under a common genus, and then specific differences are distinguished. Philosophical categories, due to their universality, cannot be summed up under the genus, and, as a rule, act as a dialectical pair of opposites the thesis and antithesis. Such, for example, are the concepts of essence and phenomenon, necessity and chance, content and form. The complexity of introducing a new concept of reputation into scientific circulation lies in the fact that it does not have its own dialectical antithesis. A bad reputation is also a reputation. At a stretch, reputation can be opposed to discredit, but discredit is an action aimed at undermining reputation, and this is a transition to another kind. Concepts of this kind can be meaningful by analogy. As such, the authors chose the dialectical pair icon image, like foreign-language tracing papers from the Russian word image, which in the legal sense are reduced to reputation. Both that and another (both an icon and an image) are an image, but how different and even opposite are the meanings of these words. Moreover, initially the intentions of the authors were precisely linguistic (and not religious or marketing), and only then the words themselves designated the cultural area of their application.Materials and methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was the hermeneutical approach to the analysis of the concept of "reputation". Methods of systematic, comparative legal analysis, special philosophical and legal research tools were used. The authors used examples from various areas of law criminal procedure, criminal, civil.Research results. Based on the results of the analysis, the question of trust is raised in relation to the procedural status of participants in criminal proceedings. The introduction of the concept of "reputation" as a legal category into legal circulation is proposed.Discussion and conclusion. In the form of a legislative novel, the presumption of good faith of a participant in criminal proceedings is formulated.Presumption of good faith:Everyone is considered conscientious and reasonable, until otherwise is proved in the manner prescribed by this Code and established by a judicial act that has entered into legal force.Everyone is not obliged to prove their conscientiousness and reasonableness. The burden of proving dishonesty, unreasonableness, abuse of right lies with the person who claims the opposite.All doubts about the good faith and reasonableness of a person that cannot be eliminated in the manner prescribed by this Code shall be interpreted in favor of the person whose reputation is questioned.Any procedural actions and (or) decisions of a state body or an o
{"title":"Philosophical and Legal Understanding of the Concepts: Image, Icon, Image, Honesty, Reputation, Their Manifestations in Criminal Procedural Law","authors":"G. V. Sofronov, R. N. Kholstinin","doi":"10.24833/2073-8420-2023-1-66-3-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24833/2073-8420-2023-1-66-3-14","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The article presents an attempt for the first time, on the basis of philosophical and legal understanding, to use the concept of “reputation”, which is new for legal scientific circulation. Legal terms, including criminal procedural ones, arise as generic terms. That is, concepts are brought under a common genus, and then specific differences are distinguished. Philosophical categories, due to their universality, cannot be summed up under the genus, and, as a rule, act as a dialectical pair of opposites the thesis and antithesis. Such, for example, are the concepts of essence and phenomenon, necessity and chance, content and form. The complexity of introducing a new concept of reputation into scientific circulation lies in the fact that it does not have its own dialectical antithesis. A bad reputation is also a reputation. At a stretch, reputation can be opposed to discredit, but discredit is an action aimed at undermining reputation, and this is a transition to another kind. Concepts of this kind can be meaningful by analogy. As such, the authors chose the dialectical pair icon image, like foreign-language tracing papers from the Russian word image, which in the legal sense are reduced to reputation. Both that and another (both an icon and an image) are an image, but how different and even opposite are the meanings of these words. Moreover, initially the intentions of the authors were precisely linguistic (and not religious or marketing), and only then the words themselves designated the cultural area of their application.Materials and methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was the hermeneutical approach to the analysis of the concept of \"reputation\". Methods of systematic, comparative legal analysis, special philosophical and legal research tools were used. The authors used examples from various areas of law criminal procedure, criminal, civil.Research results. Based on the results of the analysis, the question of trust is raised in relation to the procedural status of participants in criminal proceedings. The introduction of the concept of \"reputation\" as a legal category into legal circulation is proposed.Discussion and conclusion. In the form of a legislative novel, the presumption of good faith of a participant in criminal proceedings is formulated.Presumption of good faith:Everyone is considered conscientious and reasonable, until otherwise is proved in the manner prescribed by this Code and established by a judicial act that has entered into legal force.Everyone is not obliged to prove their conscientiousness and reasonableness. The burden of proving dishonesty, unreasonableness, abuse of right lies with the person who claims the opposite.All doubts about the good faith and reasonableness of a person that cannot be eliminated in the manner prescribed by this Code shall be interpreted in favor of the person whose reputation is questioned.Any procedural actions and (or) decisions of a state body or an o","PeriodicalId":31893,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Administration Finance and Law","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73070979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"THEORETICAL AND LEGAL CHARACTERISTICS OF LABOR MIGRATION PROCESSES IN UKRAINE","authors":"O. Drozd","doi":"10.32840/pdu.2023.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32840/pdu.2023.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":31893,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Administration Finance and Law","volume":"122 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72370718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.47743/jopafl-2023-27-16
Andy JIA-YUH YEH
{"title":"IS INTERNATIONAL DIVERGENCE FROM WIDE STOCK OWNERSHIP DISPERSION AN OPTIMAL CORPORATE OUTCOME?","authors":"Andy JIA-YUH YEH","doi":"10.47743/jopafl-2023-27-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47743/jopafl-2023-27-16","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":31893,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Administration Finance and Law","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70908284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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