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Characteristics and Potential of Placer Gold Deposit in Lakan Bilem Block, West Kutai District, East Kalimantan, Indonesia 印尼东加里曼丹西库台地区Lakan Bilem区块砂金矿特征及潜力
Pub Date : 2022-12-16 DOI: 10.25299/jgeet.2022.7.4.10772
A. Idrus, N. A. Raharjanti, Sufriadin
Kalimantan is recognized as one of Indonesian islands with huge prospect of minerals particularly gold both primary and secondary deposit styles. However, the publication of the gold resources is still restricted to be described in regional/district scale maps or exploration company internal reports, hence, a detailed study on deposit scale remains limited. This study is aimed to document the characteristics and the estimation of potential or resources of the secondary (placer) gold deposit in Lakan Bilem block, West Kutai district, East Kalimantan province, Indonesia. The study was done by field observation followed by microscopic analysis and simple resources estimation of the gold. Gold in the study area occur in the semi-consolidated paleo alluvial deposit as trace mineral. The gold morphologies show platy to angular form with coarse surface which indicates the process of gold deposition is predominantly controlled by hydrodynamic transportation at a relatively moderate regime. Estimation of the indicated resources of gold results a total of 4.96 tonnes of gold potentially occurred in the study area. Exploration drilling with 100 spacing grid is suggested to delineate lateral and vertical distribution of the gold deposit. The drilling also will upgrade confidence level of the resources from indicated to measured resources.
加里曼丹被认为是印度尼西亚的一个岛屿,拥有巨大的矿产资源前景,特别是金矿,包括初级和次级矿床类型。然而,黄金资源的公布仍然局限于区域/地区比例尺地图或勘探公司内部报告的描述,因此,对矿床规模的详细研究仍然有限。本文对印度尼西亚东加里曼丹省西库台地区Lakan Bilem区块次生(砂矿)金矿的特征及资源潜力进行了研究。采用野外观测、显微分析和简单资源估算的方法对金矿进行了研究。研究区金以微量元素形式赋存于半固结古冲积矿床中。金的形态呈板状至角状,表面粗糙,表明金的沉积过程主要受水动力输运控制,且相对温和。金矿指示资源量估算结果表明,研究区潜在金矿总储量为4.96吨。建议采用100格网勘探钻孔,以圈定金矿床的横向和纵向分布。钻井还将把资源的置信度从指示资源提升到测量资源。
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引用次数: 0
Control Structure On Damage Zone and Fault Plane to Geometry Of Quartz Veins and Calcite In Muaradua Ogan Komering Ulu Selatan, South Sumatra, Indonesia 印尼南苏门答腊Muaradua Ogan Komering Ulu Selatan石英脉和方解石几何构造的破坏带和断面控制构造
Pub Date : 2022-12-16 DOI: 10.25299/jgeet.2022.7.4.9411
B. Setiawan, Pratama Goestyananda
Geological mapping was carried out on the Gilas and Malau rivers in the Muaradua area, South Ogan Komering Ulu Regency, South Sumatra by observing the presence of joints, faults, and veins in the granite and phyllite rock outcrops of the Tarap Formation. Research on pattern geometry and vein type in the crushing zone is focused on measuring the direction (trend) of veins and joints. The measurement results are then analyzed to obtain a general pattern of quartz and calcite veins so that the orientation of their development can be known. The method used in this study is in the form of determining the orientation and geometry of the veins based on classifications that refer to several studies, then an analysis is carried out using DemNAS data to determine the general direction of the straightness pattern of the study area. The quartz veins that developed in the study area have an extensional fracture type with the geometry found in the form of isolated, abutting, cutting, mutually-cutting, and crosscutting. The veins that develop in the research area are relatively north-south and west-east and indicated the presence of a fault and traces of deformation that occurred in the study area. With the help of veins and joints found in the study area, it is possible to determine the structural control of the presence of a crushing zone in the fault plane.
通过观察Tarap组露头的花岗岩和千层岩中节理、断层和脉的存在,对南苏门答腊岛南Ogan Komering Ulu Regency Muaradua地区的Gilas和Malau河进行了地质测绘。对破碎区形态几何和脉型的研究主要集中在测量脉和节理的方向(走向)。然后对测量结果进行分析,以获得石英和方解石脉的一般模式,从而可以知道它们的发育方向。本研究采用的方法是在参考多项研究的基础上进行分类,确定矿脉的方向和几何形状,然后利用DemNAS数据进行分析,确定研究区直线度格局的大致方向。研究区发育的石英脉为张性裂缝型,几何形态为孤立、邻近、切割、互切和横切。研究区发育的脉体呈南北走向和西向东走向,表明研究区存在断层和变形痕迹。利用研究区发现的矿脉和节理,可以确定断面上破碎带存在的构造控制因素。
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引用次数: 0
Rock characteristics of post-caldera volcanoes in Dieng volcanic complex (DVC), Central Java, Indonesia 印度尼西亚中爪哇Dieng火山复合体(DVC)后破火山口火山岩石特征
Pub Date : 2022-12-15 DOI: 10.25299/jgeet.2022.7.4.10015
I. Suhendro, Muhammad Nadafa Isnain, Rizky Wahyudi
The Dieng volcanic complex (DVC) has one of the densest post-caldera volcanisms activity presents in Indonesia, yet its population density is considerably high. Therefore, it is important to identify the rock characteristics produced by the DVC post-caldera volcanoes to understand the risks and future hazards (i.e., eruption style). Based on lithology, we have classified DVC post-caldera volcanoes as (1) pyroclastic domain (PD; including Pagerkandang, Merdada, and Pangonan), and (2) lava domain (LD; including Prambanan, Kendil, Pakuwaja, Sikunir, Sikarim, and Seroja). PD is characterized by the domination of pyroclastic materials (mostly ash and lapilli) with oxidized scoria and volcanic lithics (fresh and/or altered) as the main components. The oxidized scoria clasts are moderately vesicular (27–41 % vesicularity; ) and phenocryst poor (<5 % phenocryst crystallinity, ), with plagioclase, pyroxene, and oxides as the main phenocryst phases. The LD is composed predominantly of lava. The observed lavas are typically dense (mostly <1 % , phenocryst rich (21–47 % ), and include plagioclase, pyroxene, biotite, amphibole, and oxides as the main phenocryst phases. Such differences in mineralogy and textures (i.e., vesicularity and crystallinity) suggest that PD and LD were likely sourced from different magmatic sources with different eruption styles (explosive and effusive styles, respectively). We have suggested that civilization settlements near PD are facing major threats from explosive magmatic, phreatomagmatic, and phreatic eruptions that could produce significant fallouts, ballistic materials, and highly destructive pyroclastic density currents. LDs pose a threat in the form of effusive magmatic eruptions such as lava flows and/or domes.
Dieng火山复合体(DVC)是印度尼西亚最密集的火山口后火山活动之一,但其人口密度相当高。因此,识别DVC后破火山口火山产生的岩石特征对于了解风险和未来的危害(即喷发方式)非常重要。根据岩性,我们将DVC后破火山口火山划分为:(1)火山碎屑区(PD);包括Pagerkandang, Merdada和Pangonan)和(2)熔岩域(LD);包括Prambanan、Kendil、Pakuwaja、Sikunir、Sikarim和serja)。PD的特点是以火山碎屑物质(主要是灰和石蕊)为主,主要成分为氧化矿渣和火山岩屑(新鲜和/或蚀变)。氧化渣碎屑呈中等泡状(泡状27 - 41%);而斑晶较差(< 5%的斑晶结晶度),以斜长石、辉石、氧化物为主要的斑晶相。LD主要由熔岩组成。所观察到的熔岩致密(多数< 1%),富斑晶(21 - 47%),主要斑晶相为斜长石、辉石、黑云母、角闪石和氧化物。这种矿物学和结构(即水泡性和结晶度)的差异表明,PD和LD可能来自不同的岩浆源,喷发类型不同(分别为爆发和喷涌)。我们已经提出,PD附近的文明定居点正面临着爆炸性岩浆,潜水岩浆和潜水火山喷发的主要威胁,这些火山喷发可能产生严重的放射性尘埃,弹道物质和高度破坏性的火山碎屑密度流。ld以岩浆喷发的形式构成威胁,如熔岩流和/或圆顶。
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引用次数: 0
Evolution Magmatism of Nagasari Volcano Dieng, Central Java, Indonesia 印度尼西亚中爪哇永萨里火山演化岩浆作用
Pub Date : 2022-12-15 DOI: 10.25299/jgeet.2022.7.4.10084
D. Yudiantoro, I. P. Haty, Setia Pambudi, Elisabet Magdalena, Armala Putri, I. Takashima, M. Abdurrachman
Nagasari Volcano, part of the Dieng volcanic complex, is one of the unique volcanoes in Central Java. Around this volcano grow eruption craters, volcanic cones, and pyroclastic flow ridges. There were several 14 eruption centers around Mount Nagasari, so it is necessary to know the development of magmatism evolution. The aims of the research to determine the evolutionary development of magmatism. The methodology used is geological mapping and petrographic analysis. The observations of rocks found in the study area include andesite lava, lapilli-tuff, fallen pyroclastic breccias, and flow pyroclastic breccias. Meanwhile, geological mapping and petrographic observations of volcanic rock samples show that the evolution of magmatism in the study area from the oldest to the youngest is basaltic magma that formed Prau Volcano in the pre-caldera period. On the other hand, magmatism in the post-caldera I period was of the type of pyroxene andesite forming the Gembol to Jimat Volcano group. In contrast, in the post-caldera II period, the hornblende-biotite andesite group formed the Dieng Kulon to Kendil group.
Nagasari火山是Dieng火山群的一部分,是中爪哇独特的火山之一。火山周围生长着火山口、火山锥和火山碎屑流脊。长崎火山周围有14个喷发中心,因此有必要了解岩浆活动演化的发展情况。研究的目的是确定岩浆活动的演化发展。所使用的方法是地质填图和岩石学分析。研究区发现的岩石观测包括安山岩熔岩、珠光凝灰岩、落屑角砾岩和流屑角砾岩。同时,火山岩样品的地质填图和岩石学观察表明,研究区岩浆活动从最古老到最年轻的演化过程为前破火山口时期形成Prau火山的玄武岩岩浆。另一方面,火山口后1期的岩浆活动为辉石安山岩类型,形成了Gembol - Jimat火山群。第二破火山口后,角闪岩-黑云母安山岩群形成了Dieng Kulon - Kendil群。
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引用次数: 0
The Role of Fractal Micro-Pore to Absorption of Methane Gas, Case Study: Coal of Tanjung Formation, Arang Alus Area, Banjar District, South Kalimantan, Indonesia 分形微孔对甲烷气体吸附的作用——以印度尼西亚南加里曼丹班贾尔地区Arang Alus地区Tanjung组煤为例
Pub Date : 2022-12-15 DOI: 10.25299/jgeet.2022.7.4.10565
S. Raharjo, B. Rahmad, Ketut Gunawan, B. Prayitno
The Tanjung Formation is one of the coal bearing formations in the Barito Basin, South Kalimantan. The coal seams in the Tanjung Formation in the Arang Alus area have 4 (four) seams,there are seam A, B, C, and D. The age of these coal seams are Eocene - Oligocene with a thickness between 0.5 - 2 meters. This study aims to determine the characteristics of micropore fractal and methane gas absorption from coal samples taken by channel sampling on exposed coal in the open pit. The method used is SEM analysis, vitrinite reflectance (Ro,max), adsorption isotherm, and fractal calculation. The four coal seams based on vitrinite reflectance values (0.52 %- 0.62 belong to the sub-bituminous rank. Based on the methane gas absorption capacity for coal seam C of 450 SCF/ton while coal seams A, B and D of 308 SCF/ton, 336 SCF/ton and 407 SCF/ton, the fractal pore dimension value in seam coal  C = 1.963  is higher than seam coal  A = 1.933, B = 1.940 , and D = 1.943. The small size of the fractal pore dimension value caused by the degree of regularity of the micropore distribution in each coal seam methane differences.
丹戎组是南加里曼丹巴里托盆地的含煤组之一。Arang Alus地区坦绒组煤层共4(4)层,煤层有A、B、C、d层,煤层年龄为始新世—渐新世,煤层厚度在0.5 ~ 2 m之间。通过对露天矿暴露煤进行通道取样,研究其微孔分形特征及甲烷气体吸收特征。采用扫描电镜分析、镜质组反射率(Ro,max)、吸附等温线和分形计算。镜质体反射率值(0.52% ~ 0.62)为亚烟煤级。根据煤层C的甲烷气体吸收量为450 SCF/t,煤层A、B、D的甲烷气体吸收量为308 SCF/t、336 SCF/t、407 SCF/t计算,煤层C = 1.963的分形孔隙维数值高于煤层A = 1.933、B = 1.940、D = 1.943。分形孔维值的小尺寸造成了各煤层甲烷微孔分布的规律性程度存在差异。
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引用次数: 0
Identification of Potential Geotourism Destination in the River Subayang areas of Kampar, Riau, Indonesia 印尼廖内省坎帕苏巴扬河地区潜在地质旅游目的地的确定
Pub Date : 2022-12-15 DOI: 10.25299/jgeet.2022.7.4.10394
Dwita Martania, Miranda Tanjung, A. Suryadi
The readiness of an area to be able to develop tourism potential as geotourism is seen from various aspects, including the existing geological heritage, as well as the enthusiasm of the local community which is the main focus in creating good geotourism, while the government acts as the main mover. In Kampar Regency, Riau Province, to be precise in the Sushadow River area, the Rimbang Balling area located in the Kampar Kiri Hulu sub-district, there are natural attractions that the Subayang river passes through, in addition to the river being so clear, upstream we can find a stone wall waterfall, possibly having a waterfall. This paper, shows the potential of geotourism froum various aspects of geomorphology and community life, such as economic, social, cultural and infrastructure and discusses the role of society and sectors as tourism actors in subayang river using the RAP-fish method. Geotourism studies can be drawn from various integrations of existing theories, conceptual analyzes and practices of nature-based tourism and closer collaboration with relevant social sciences so that they can play a role in the promotion of tourism among the public and professionals.
从各个方面来看,一个地区是否准备好能够开发地质旅游的旅游潜力,包括现有的地质遗产,以及当地社区的热情,这是创造良好地质旅游的主要焦点,而政府则是主要的推动者。在廖内省的Kampar Regency,准确地说,在Sushadow河地区,位于Kampar Kiri Hulu街道的Rimbang Balling地区,有苏巴阳河经过的自然景点,除了河流如此清澈之外,上游我们可以找到一个石墙瀑布,可能有一个瀑布。本文从地理地貌和社区生活的各个方面,如经济、社会、文化和基础设施,展示了地质旅游的潜力,并利用rapp -fish方法讨论了社会和部门作为旅游参与者在苏阳江中的作用。地理旅游研究可以综合现有的自然旅游理论、概念分析和实践,并与相关社会科学密切合作,从而在公众和专业人士中推广旅游。
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引用次数: 1
Estimation of density log and sonic log using artificial intelligence: an example from the Perth Basin, Australia 利用人工智能估计密度测井和声波测井:以澳大利亚珀斯盆地为例
Pub Date : 2022-12-15 DOI: 10.25299/jgeet.2022.7.4.10050
Muhammad Ridha Adhari, Muhammad Yusuf Kardawi
It is well understood that with  a large number of data, an excellent interpretation of the subsurface condition can be produced, and also our understandings of the subsurface conditions can be improved significantly. However, having abundant subsurface geological and petrophysical data sometimes may not be possible, mainly due to budget issues. This situation can generate issues during hydrocarbon exploration and/or development activities. In this paper, the authors tried to apply artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to estimate outcomes values of particular wireline log data, using available petrophysic data. Two types of AI were selected and these are artificial neural network (ANN), and multiple linear regression (MLR). This research aims to advance our understanding of AI and its application in geology. There are three objectives of this study: (1) to estimate sonic log (DT) and density log (RhoB) using different types of AI (ANN and MLR); (2) to assess the best AI technique that can be used to estimate certain wireline log data; and (3) to compare the estimated wireline log values with the real, recorded values from the subsurface. Findings from this study show that ANN consistently provided a better accuracy percentage compared to MLR when estimating density log (RhoB). While using different set of data and technique, estimation of sonic log (DT) produced different accuracy level. Moreover, crossplot validation of the results show that the results from ANN analysis produced higher trendline reliability (R2) and correlation coefficient (R) than the results from MLR analysis. Comparison of the estimated RhoB and DT log data with the original recorded data shows minor mismatch. This is evident that AI technique can be a reliable solution to estimate particular outcomes of wireline log data, due to limited availability of the original recorded subsurface petrophysic data. It is expected that these findings would provide new insights into the application of AI in geology, and encourage the readers to explore and expand the many possibilities of the application of AI in geology.
众所周知,有了大量的数据,就可以很好地解释地下状况,也可以大大提高我们对地下状况的认识。然而,由于预算问题,有时可能无法获得丰富的地下地质和岩石物理数据。这种情况可能会在油气勘探和/或开发活动中产生问题。在本文中,作者尝试应用人工智能(AI)技术,利用现有的岩石物理数据来估计特定电缆测井数据的结果值。本文选择了人工神经网络(ANN)和多元线性回归(MLR)两种类型的人工智能。本研究旨在加深我们对人工智能及其在地质学中的应用的认识。本研究有三个目标:(1)使用不同类型的人工智能(ANN和MLR)估计声波对数(DT)和密度对数(RhoB);(2)评估可用于估算某些电缆测井数据的最佳人工智能技术;(3)将估计的电缆测井值与地下的实际记录值进行比较。本研究结果表明,在估计密度对数(RhoB)时,与MLR相比,ANN始终提供更好的准确率。采用不同的数据和技术,声波测井估计的精度水平也不同。此外,交叉图验证结果表明,人工神经网络分析结果的趋势线信度(R2)和相关系数(R)高于MLR分析结果。估计的RhoB和DT测井数据与原始记录数据的比较显示出轻微的不匹配。显然,由于原始记录的地下岩石物理数据的可用性有限,人工智能技术可以作为一种可靠的解决方案来估计电缆测井数据的特定结果。期望这些发现能够为人工智能在地质学中的应用提供新的见解,并鼓励读者探索和拓展人工智能在地质学中的应用的多种可能性。
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of Table Bearing Capacity for Different Types of Foundation Soils / Rocks 不同地基土/岩的表承载力比较
Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.35180/gse-2022-0074
David Neuman, Erik Sombathy, Jindřich Vlček, Barbara Matuszková
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引用次数: 0
Underground Mining Method Selection with the Application of TOPSIS Method 应用TOPSIS方法进行地下采矿方法选择
Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.35180/gse-2022-0075
Stojanče Mijalkovski, Omer Faruk Efe, Z. Despodov, D. Mirakovski, Daniela Mijalkovska
Multi-criteria decision-making methods are widely used to solve various problems in the industry, as well as to support the planning and designing industrial processes. Mining is a very complex and responsible activity, so when making a major decision, it is necessary to take into account several parameters and perform their detailed analysis. Due to the importance of proper decision making, multi-criteria optimization methods have a very wide application in mining. One of the most complex and important things in mining is the choice of mining method for underground exploitation, where the application of multi-criteria decision-making methods can help a lot in making the right decision. This paper will present the choice of the method of mining excavation by the TOPSIS method, according to which it was obtained that the Sublevel Caving is optimal for a given case.
多准则决策方法被广泛用于解决工业中的各种问题,并支持工业流程的规划和设计。采矿是一项非常复杂和负责任的活动,因此在做出重大决定时,有必要考虑几个参数并进行详细分析。由于合理决策的重要性,多准则优化方法在采矿中有着非常广泛的应用。地下开采采矿方法的选择是采矿过程中最复杂也是最重要的问题之一,多准则决策方法的应用可以帮助采矿企业做出正确的决策。本文将采用TOPSIS法对采矿开挖方法进行选择,根据TOPSIS法得出分段崩落法在给定情况下是最优的。
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引用次数: 0
The Efficiency of Mechanized Mineral Processing Techniques to Recover Tin and Tantalum Ores. Case Study: Nyamatete Concession, Rwanda 机械化选矿技术回收锡钽矿石的效率。案例研究:卢旺达Nyamatete租界
Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.35180/gse-2022-0081
J. Uwizeyimana, Digne Edmond Rwabuhungu Rwatangabo, Esperance Imanirafasha, Vincent Barayagwiza, F. Hategekimana
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引用次数: 0
期刊
JGEET Journal of Geoscience Engineering Environment and Technology
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