A total of 384 randomly selected cattle were examined for the presence of gross lesions and cysts, according to standard inspection procedures for developing countries. Out of the total 384 male cattle presented for slaughter, 303 (79.3%) of the lungs of cattle had different gross lesions and cysts. Hydatid cyst (40.9%), emphysema (15.4%), congestion (12.2%) and calcification were the major gross lesions and cysts found in the lungs. Cattle with an older age (OR = 1.74; 95% CI = 1.10–2.78; p = 0.018) and a poor body condition score (OR = 6.10; 95% CI = 2.29–16.59; p = 0.001) were more likely to have hydatidosis and calcified cysts than cattle with a younger age and a good body condition score. Furthermore, emphysema and congestion were more common in crossbred cattle (OR = 2.57; 95%CI = 1.19–5.28; p = 0.012) and younger cattle (OR = 2.87; 95%CI = 1.40–5.83; p = 0.004), respectively. The hydatid cyst was the most common cyst and the cause of lung condemnation in the Asella municipal abattoir. Therefore, better meat inspection procedures, proper lung disposal systems, and preventing the entrance of stray dogs to the abattoir would reduce the prevalence and transmission of diseases to humans.
{"title":"Occurrence of Gross Lesions and Cysts on the Lungs of Cattle Slaughtered At the Asella Municipal Abattoir, Ethiopia","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jvhs.03.04.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jvhs.03.04.04","url":null,"abstract":"A total of 384 randomly selected cattle were examined for the presence of gross lesions and cysts, according to standard inspection procedures for developing countries. Out of the total 384 male cattle presented for slaughter, 303 (79.3%) of the lungs of cattle had different gross lesions and cysts. Hydatid cyst (40.9%), emphysema (15.4%), congestion (12.2%) and calcification were the major gross lesions and cysts found in the lungs. Cattle with an older age (OR = 1.74; 95% CI = 1.10–2.78; p = 0.018) and a poor body condition score (OR = 6.10; 95% CI = 2.29–16.59; p = 0.001) were more likely to have hydatidosis and calcified cysts than cattle with a younger age and a good body condition score. Furthermore, emphysema and congestion were more common in crossbred cattle (OR = 2.57; 95%CI = 1.19–5.28; p = 0.012) and younger cattle (OR = 2.87; 95%CI = 1.40–5.83; p = 0.004), respectively. The hydatid cyst was the most common cyst and the cause of lung condemnation in the Asella municipal abattoir. Therefore, better meat inspection procedures, proper lung disposal systems, and preventing the entrance of stray dogs to the abattoir would reduce the prevalence and transmission of diseases to humans.","PeriodicalId":319653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Health Science","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121400904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A cross-sectional survey was performed in the Kordofan region, from March to September 2011 was compared to Capripox Double Ag ELISA for multispecies. The estimated overall sero-prevalence of sheep pox in Kordofan region was 73.4% determined by virus neutralization and was prevalent in both South and North Kordofan states at 85% and 63.6% respectively. However, Seroprevalence for lumpy skin disease was 5% and 62% for sheep pox by using Capripox Double Ag ELISA. The serological information was used to identify potential risk factors associated with sheep pox outbreaks. The risk factors identified were the breed, age, sex, species, movement patterns, herd size and geographic region. In addition, a questionnaire explored producer’s knowledge about the disease in the Sudan. The results of the questionnaire were that both nomadic as well as fixed farmers were generally aware of sheep pox as a disease, but most did not have full knowledge about the disease. Greater than half of producers experienced the disease in the past 2 years and did not have their sheep vaccinated.
2011年3月至9月在科尔多凡地区进行了横断面调查，并与多种Capripox Double Ag ELISA进行了比较。通过病毒中和测定，科尔多凡州羊痘的血清总流行率估计为73.4%，在南科尔多凡州和北科尔多凡州的流行率分别为85%和63.6%。然而，用羊痘双抗原ELISA检测，绵羊痘的肿块性皮肤病血清阳性率为5%，羊痘为62%。血清学信息用于确定与羊痘暴发相关的潜在危险因素。确定的危险因素有品种、年龄、性别、种类、活动模式、畜群规模和地理区域。此外，还调查了苏丹生产者对该病的了解情况。问卷调查的结果表明，游牧和固定农民都普遍知道羊痘是一种疾病，但大多数人对这种疾病并不完全了解。超过一半的生产者在过去两年中经历了这种疾病，并且没有给他们的羊接种疫苗。
{"title":"Sero-Prevalence and Risk Factors for Sheep Pox and Its Comparison to Capri pox Double Antigen Multispecies Elisa in Kordofan States in Sudan","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jvhs.03.04.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jvhs.03.04.01","url":null,"abstract":"A cross-sectional survey was performed in the Kordofan region, from March to September 2011 was compared to Capripox Double Ag ELISA for multispecies. The estimated overall sero-prevalence of sheep pox in Kordofan region was 73.4% determined by virus neutralization and was prevalent in both South and North Kordofan states at 85% and 63.6% respectively. However, Seroprevalence for lumpy skin disease was 5% and 62% for sheep pox by using Capripox Double Ag ELISA. The serological information was used to identify potential risk factors associated with sheep pox outbreaks. The risk factors identified were the breed, age, sex, species, movement patterns, herd size and geographic region. In addition, a questionnaire explored producer’s knowledge about the disease in the Sudan. The results of the questionnaire were that both nomadic as well as fixed farmers were generally aware of sheep pox as a disease, but most did not have full knowledge about the disease. Greater than half of producers experienced the disease in the past 2 years and did not have their sheep vaccinated.","PeriodicalId":319653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Health Science","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124709654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The understanding of the structure of free-roaming and owning dog population’s estimation is of extreme importance for the planning and monitoring of dog population control strategies, animal welfare and health. The methods used to estimate the abundance of this group of dogs are more complex than the ones used with domiciled owned dogs. We point to enhancements necessary for the implementation of the studies and to potential updates and revisions to the recommendations of the World Health Organization with respect to the estimation of free-ranging and owning dog populations. Rabies is a fatal viral disease of animals and people. People usually infected via bites from an infected animal (e.g. dog). Post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) has to initiate immediately after bite wounds of suspected rabid animals in order to avoid fatalities. The situation of rabies poorly known in Ethiopia. Questionnaire survey was conducted in selected blocks in Dukem, Bishoftu and Modjo towns in order to capture information on dog population size estimates using mark-re sight surveys has provided useful baseline data for understanding the population dynamics of dogs at the study sites. Mark-re sight surveys provide useful information for designing and managing the logistics of dog vaccination or assessing vaccination coverage and for evaluating the impact of neutering programs on the size and structure of dogs’ populations over time. As part of a dog born zoonosis disease risk assessment project, surveys conducted to estimate the size of the dog population and to describe dog management practices of households belonging to different ethnic groups. A marked-recapture method employed and the number of unowned dogs estimated. A total of 599 dog owning households and 276 non-dog household interviewed from at selected 19 blocks at study sites. Owned dogs were more likely male, local breed and for the purpose of used to guard. These households kept their dogs either fully restricted, semi and free roaming but full restriction have reported only at the higher percentage of the total dog households. By counted method, study the ownerless dogs higher than owning and semi-restricted dogs.
{"title":"Estimation of Owned and Street Dog Population by Quesionniresurveyand Mark-Recapture Method in Three Urban Areas Bishoftu, Dukem and Modjo Towns","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jvhs.03.04.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jvhs.03.04.03","url":null,"abstract":"The understanding of the structure of free-roaming and owning dog population’s estimation is of extreme importance for the planning and monitoring of dog population control strategies, animal welfare and health. The methods used to estimate the abundance of this group of dogs are more complex than the ones used with domiciled owned dogs. We point to enhancements necessary for the implementation of the studies and to potential updates and revisions to the recommendations of the World Health Organization with respect to the estimation of free-ranging and owning dog populations. Rabies is a fatal viral disease of animals and people. People usually infected via bites from an infected animal (e.g. dog). Post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) has to initiate immediately after bite wounds of suspected rabid animals in order to avoid fatalities. The situation of rabies poorly known in Ethiopia. Questionnaire survey was conducted in selected blocks in Dukem, Bishoftu and Modjo towns in order to capture information on dog population size estimates using mark-re sight surveys has provided useful baseline data for understanding the population dynamics of dogs at the study sites. Mark-re sight surveys provide useful information for designing and managing the logistics of dog vaccination or assessing vaccination coverage and for evaluating the impact of neutering programs on the size and structure of dogs’ populations over time. As part of a dog born zoonosis disease risk assessment project, surveys conducted to estimate the size of the dog population and to describe dog management practices of households belonging to different ethnic groups. A marked-recapture method employed and the number of unowned dogs estimated. A total of 599 dog owning households and 276 non-dog household interviewed from at selected 19 blocks at study sites. Owned dogs were more likely male, local breed and for the purpose of used to guard. These households kept their dogs either fully restricted, semi and free roaming but full restriction have reported only at the higher percentage of the total dog households. By counted method, study the ownerless dogs higher than owning and semi-restricted dogs.","PeriodicalId":319653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Health Science","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134096823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Multidrug resistant (MDR) enterobacteriaceae like extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) and metallo-beta lactamase (MBL) are being encountered as the causative agents of blood stream infection. To overcome this, accurate diagnosis of MDR pattern with appropriate antibiotics is required. Tigecycline is a broad spectrum antibiotic which exhibit strong activity against MDR enterobacteriaceae. This study is aimed to find out resistance pattern like ESBL and MBL with invitro activity of tigecycline against enterobacteriaceae. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, from 1st September 2014 to 31st August 2015. Confirmation for ESBL was done as recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) and MBL production was detected by double disk synergy test. Antibiotic sensitivity test against tigecycline was done by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Results: 192 (1.70%) enterobacteriaceae were isolated throughout the study. Among them, 94 (49%) were ESBL, 51 (26.5%) were carbapenemase and 22 (11.5%) were MBL producers. A total of 64 (33.4%) isolates were found to be MDR. None of the isolates was resistant against tigecycline. Conclusion: Tigecycline is found to have excellent invitro activity against MDR enterobacteriaceae from BSI.
{"title":"Invitro Activity of Tigecycline against Multidrug-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae from Blood Stream Infection in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Nepal","authors":"Ajay Yadav, B. Khanal, A. K. Patel, Alina Karna","doi":"10.33140/jvhs.03.04.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jvhs.03.04.02","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Multidrug resistant (MDR) enterobacteriaceae like extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) and metallo-beta lactamase (MBL) are being encountered as the causative agents of blood stream infection. To overcome this, accurate diagnosis of MDR pattern with appropriate antibiotics is required. Tigecycline is a broad spectrum antibiotic which exhibit strong activity against MDR enterobacteriaceae. This study is aimed to find out resistance pattern like ESBL and MBL with invitro activity of tigecycline against enterobacteriaceae. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, from 1st September 2014 to 31st August 2015. Confirmation for ESBL was done as recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) and MBL production was detected by double disk synergy test. Antibiotic sensitivity test against tigecycline was done by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Results: 192 (1.70%) enterobacteriaceae were isolated throughout the study. Among them, 94 (49%) were ESBL, 51 (26.5%) were carbapenemase and 22 (11.5%) were MBL producers. A total of 64 (33.4%) isolates were found to be MDR. None of the isolates was resistant against tigecycline. Conclusion: Tigecycline is found to have excellent invitro activity against MDR enterobacteriaceae from BSI.","PeriodicalId":319653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Health Science","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116627672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Multidimensional measures provide an alternative lens through which poverty may be viewed and understood deeply. It is argued that monetary variables (such as income or expenditure) are unable to truly evaluate human well-being. It is an emerging phenomenon in the South Asian countries where 49% of people are multidimensional poor. The dimension wise breakdown shows the cooking fuel; flooring, nutrition, electricity, child mortality and schooling have major contributors among overall multidimensional poverty. Across 107 developing countries, 1.3 billion people are suffering from acute income poverty with a certain disparity in magnitude. While the dilemma of poverty has become a leading challenge in the history of the developing world, due to its extensive impact on the developmental process. Analysis of Multidimensional poverty in the coastal region of Sindh; Thatta and Badin. To identify the impact of multidimensional poverty on socioeconomics conditions in the coastal region. To analyze the Multidimensional poverty in districts Thatta and Badin and examine the key factor influencing the multidimensional poverty in the study area. Primary data was collected to achieve targets and meet the objectives of the study. A random sampling technique used for the data collection procedure, total sample size of the respondents was 100. Data entered and arranged in a coding system, analyzed through SPSS software and MS Office. The Alkire and Foster method was used for the poverty analysis. We observed that Badin is more derivate as compare to the district Thatta in almost all indicator set by OPHI. Basic facilities needed for improvement through public private partnerships, daily earning source should be increase, and water availability should be improved specially in tail area of Badin district.
{"title":"Multidimensional Poverty Analysis in Coastal Region of Sindh Province, Pakistan; a Case Study of Thatta and Badin Districts","authors":"Ghulam Nabi Dahri","doi":"10.33140/jvhs.03.03.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jvhs.03.03.06","url":null,"abstract":"Multidimensional measures provide an alternative lens through which poverty may be viewed and understood deeply. It is argued that monetary variables (such as income or expenditure) are unable to truly evaluate human well-being. It is an emerging phenomenon in the South Asian countries where 49% of people are multidimensional poor. The dimension wise breakdown shows the cooking fuel; flooring, nutrition, electricity, child mortality and schooling have major contributors among overall multidimensional poverty. Across 107 developing countries, 1.3 billion people are suffering from acute income poverty with a certain disparity in magnitude. While the dilemma of poverty has become a leading challenge in the history of the developing world, due to its extensive impact on the developmental process. Analysis of Multidimensional poverty in the coastal region of Sindh; Thatta and Badin. To identify the impact of multidimensional poverty on socioeconomics conditions in the coastal region. To analyze the Multidimensional poverty in districts Thatta and Badin and examine the key factor influencing the multidimensional poverty in the study area. Primary data was collected to achieve targets and meet the objectives of the study. A random sampling technique used for the data collection procedure, total sample size of the respondents was 100. Data entered and arranged in a coding system, analyzed through SPSS software and MS Office. The Alkire and Foster method was used for the poverty analysis. We observed that Badin is more derivate as compare to the district Thatta in almost all indicator set by OPHI. Basic facilities needed for improvement through public private partnerships, daily earning source should be increase, and water availability should be improved specially in tail area of Badin district.","PeriodicalId":319653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Health Science","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121565502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The survey was conducted from April to July 2021 to assess the ethnoveterinary medicinal plants in Aleta-Chuko district of Sidama reginal state, Ethiopia. Study population ware traditional animal healers and elders. Data were collected using pre-tested structured questionnaires. Ethical clearance ware obtained from Hawassa University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and using SPSS software version 21. A total of 31 well-known traditional animal healers, Males 16(51.6%) and females 15 (48.5%) were interviewed and 38 medicinal plants ware identified with their local name, parts used, preparation method, disease type treated, rout of administration, forms, and availability of the plant were documented. As the traditional healer responded Gidincho and Hengedicho are most used medicinal plants, followed by Reejje, Duwancho and Noole respectively. The study revealed that the part of the plant which is highly used for the preparation of the remedies were leaves (65%) followed by bark (16%). Majority animal healer ware elder farmers who work on animal healing for 20 years and above. They adopted their knowledge from their family member especial 64.5% from their fathers. The overall study reviled that the traditional healers have rich knowledge on ethno-veterinary medicines to manage their livestock through indigenous knowledge, to protect the health and increase productivity. However, this traditional knowledge is still transferred orally. Therefore, attention should be given on the documentation, plant cultivation and conservation practice. Further studies should be conducted to determine safety, toxicity and dose of the medicinal plants identified in this study.
{"title":"Ethnoveterinary Survey on Medicinal Plants in Aleta-Chuko District of Sidama Reginal State, Ethiopia","authors":"Elias Bogale, Sultan Abda Neja","doi":"10.33140/jvhs.03.02.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jvhs.03.02.01","url":null,"abstract":"The survey was conducted from April to July 2021 to assess the ethnoveterinary medicinal plants in Aleta-Chuko district of Sidama reginal state, Ethiopia. Study population ware traditional animal healers and elders. Data were collected using pre-tested structured questionnaires. Ethical clearance ware obtained from Hawassa University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and using SPSS software version 21. A total of 31 well-known traditional animal healers, Males 16(51.6%) and females 15 (48.5%) were interviewed and 38 medicinal plants ware identified with their local name, parts used, preparation method, disease type treated, rout of administration, forms, and availability of the plant were documented. As the traditional healer responded Gidincho and Hengedicho are most used medicinal plants, followed by Reejje, Duwancho and Noole respectively. The study revealed that the part of the plant which is highly used for the preparation of the remedies were leaves (65%) followed by bark (16%). Majority animal healer ware elder farmers who work on animal healing for 20 years and above. They adopted their knowledge from their family member especial 64.5% from their fathers. The overall study reviled that the traditional healers have rich knowledge on ethno-veterinary medicines to manage their livestock through indigenous knowledge, to protect the health and increase productivity. However, this traditional knowledge is still transferred orally. Therefore, attention should be given on the documentation, plant cultivation and conservation practice. Further studies should be conducted to determine safety, toxicity and dose of the medicinal plants identified in this study.","PeriodicalId":319653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Health Science","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125937943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-20DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-395609/v1
Marina Rangel, Nelson Da Silva Júnior
In order to promote research and conservation of species, zoos tend to promote the modernization of this system, such as the insertion of larger and adequate enclosures, environmental enrichments, and above all the conservation of species. The main objectives of this work were: to promote environmental food and cognitive enrichment for big cats, in addition to discussing the validity of this enrichment model. The study animals were 12 animals: four tigers (Panthera tigris), three puma (Puma concolor), three jaguars (Panthera onca) and two lions (Panthera leo). We used a basic ethogram for the analysis of behaviors, in which there was an analysis of specific behavior: rhythm and inactivity. With the focal animal observation method, and using the “surprise box” enrichment method, which consisted of pieces of meat inside cardboard boxes, the statistical results obtained indicated that enrichment increased social, rest and physiological behavior, and slowed down and downtime. Each species reacted in a specific way to enrichments, with better results being noticed with the Panthera onca group, followed by the Panthera leo, Panthera tigris and Puma concolor group, respectively. The theory of the use of environmental enrichment was proven and compared with other works similar to this one.
{"title":"Environmental food and cognitive enrichment: a study of well-being for large captive felids at the Zoo of Goiânia","authors":"Marina Rangel, Nelson Da Silva Júnior","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-395609/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-395609/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In order to promote research and conservation of species, zoos tend to promote the modernization of this system, such as the insertion of larger and adequate enclosures, environmental enrichments, and above all the conservation of species. The main objectives of this work were: to promote environmental food and cognitive enrichment for big cats, in addition to discussing the validity of this enrichment model. The study animals were 12 animals: four tigers (Panthera tigris), three puma (Puma concolor), three jaguars (Panthera onca) and two lions (Panthera leo). We used a basic ethogram for the analysis of behaviors, in which there was an analysis of specific behavior: rhythm and inactivity. With the focal animal observation method, and using the “surprise box” enrichment method, which consisted of pieces of meat inside cardboard boxes, the statistical results obtained indicated that enrichment increased social, rest and physiological behavior, and slowed down and downtime. Each species reacted in a specific way to enrichments, with better results being noticed with the Panthera onca group, followed by the Panthera leo, Panthera tigris and Puma concolor group, respectively. The theory of the use of environmental enrichment was proven and compared with other works similar to this one.","PeriodicalId":319653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Health Science","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115337376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A cross sectional study was conducted from April 2019 to June 2019 to investigate ascaris in chickens in and around Bahir Dar Zuria District, Northwest Ethiopia. A total of 351 chickens comprising of 168 exotic and 182 local were examined for ascaris infections. Out of these, 55 (15.67%) were found to be infected with ascaris. There was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) in the prevalence between breeds of chickens in which higher infection rate was observed in local breed chickens (22.53%) than exotic breeds (8.88%). In addition, there was higher statistically significant difference (p<0.05) in the prevalence between body condition of chicken. Among this group poor body conditions chicken was higher (50%) than good body condition (4.56%). In addition, there was a statistically significant association (p<0.05) in prevalence between the different management systems where there was higher infection rate was recorded in extensive farming system (21.46%) compared to semi intensive (6.82%). There was also higher statistically significant difference among hygienic practice of chicken house in which the prevalence of the infection was 39.05% and 6.12% in poor and good hygiene. There was also high statistically significant difference among availability of dewormer, in which the prevalence of infection was 15.76% and 0% in non-available and available of dewormers. In conclusion the management system should be improved especially the housing and hygienic practice. Veterinarian think about deworming of parasites when supervise poultry farms to enhance productivity in addition to antibiotics. Since there are lack of access for dewormer for smallholder farmers veterinarian should be search alternate; easily accessible and affordable drug for poultry internal parasite.
2019年4月至2019年6月进行了一项横断面研究，以调查埃塞俄比亚西北部Bahir Dar Zuria地区及其周边地区的鸡体内的蛔虫。共对351只鸡进行蛔虫感染检查，其中168只为外来鸡，182只为本地鸡。其中55例(15.67%)感染蛔虫。不同种鸡的感染率差异有统计学意义(p<0.05)，其中本地种鸡感染率(22.53%)高于外来种鸡(8.88%)。此外，鸡体况之间的患病率差异有统计学意义(p<0.05)。体况差的鸡占50%，体况好的鸡占4.56%。不同经营方式的感染率差异有统计学意义(p<0.05)，粗放型经营方式的感染率为21.46%，半集约型经营方式的感染率为6.82%。鸡舍卫生习惯差异有统计学意义，卫生习惯差的鸡舍感染率为39.05%，卫生习惯好的鸡舍感染率为6.12%。驱虫剂的可得性差异也有很高的统计学意义，无驱虫剂和可得驱虫剂的感染率分别为15.76%和0%。总之，管理制度特别是住房和卫生实践有待完善。兽医在监管家禽养殖场时，除了使用抗生素外，还会考虑驱虫以提高生产力。由于小农缺乏驱虫剂，兽医应寻找替代方法;容易获得和负担得起的家禽体内寄生虫药物。
{"title":"Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Ascaris in Poultry in and Around Bahir Dar Zuria District; Northwest Ethiopia","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jvhs.03.02.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jvhs.03.02.06","url":null,"abstract":"A cross sectional study was conducted from April 2019 to June 2019 to investigate ascaris in chickens in and around Bahir Dar Zuria District, Northwest Ethiopia. A total of 351 chickens comprising of 168 exotic and 182 local were examined for ascaris infections. Out of these, 55 (15.67%) were found to be infected with ascaris. There was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) in the prevalence between breeds of chickens in which higher infection rate was observed in local breed chickens (22.53%) than exotic breeds (8.88%). In addition, there was higher statistically significant difference (p<0.05) in the prevalence between body condition of chicken. Among this group poor body conditions chicken was higher (50%) than good body condition (4.56%). In addition, there was a statistically significant association (p<0.05) in prevalence between the different management systems where there was higher infection rate was recorded in extensive farming system (21.46%) compared to semi intensive (6.82%). There was also higher statistically significant difference among hygienic practice of chicken house in which the prevalence of the infection was 39.05% and 6.12% in poor and good hygiene. There was also high statistically significant difference among availability of dewormer, in which the prevalence of infection was 15.76% and 0% in non-available and available of dewormers. In conclusion the management system should be improved especially the housing and hygienic practice. Veterinarian think about deworming of parasites when supervise poultry farms to enhance productivity in addition to antibiotics. Since there are lack of access for dewormer for smallholder farmers veterinarian should be search alternate; easily accessible and affordable drug for poultry internal parasite.","PeriodicalId":319653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Health Science","volume":"7 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114134440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Simvastatin is a lipophilic statin used to prevent and treat hypercholesterolemia. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of simvastatin on the appearance specifications of the DG region Hippocampus. Method: For the experiment, 36 male Wistar rats with an average weight of 300-250 g were divided into six groups (each group comprised six heads). Groups: 1): Control group, 2): Vitamin D dose 5 µg/kg, 3): Simvastatin group dose 1 mg/kg, 4): Simvastatin group dose 10 mg/kg, 5): Simvastatin group dose 1 mg/kg + vitamin D dose 5 µg/kg, 6): Simvastatin group dose 10 mg/kg + vitamin D dose 5 µg/kg. The duration of drug use was 28 days. At the end of the drug administration period, the animals were slaughtered, and then the brain tissue of the animals was extracted to prepare microscopic sections. Results: Microscopic studies show a negative effect of 10 mg/kg simvastatin on DG neurons. Conclusion: The microscopic studies in the present study indicate that high doses of simvastatin cause degeneration of neurons in the DG region of the hippocampus.
{"title":"Degeneration of Granule Neurons In The Dentate Gyrus (Dg) Area In The Hippocampus In Male Rats Under The Influence of Simvastatin","authors":"M. Ranaiy, F. Farokhi, Farrin Babaei-Balderlou","doi":"10.33140/jvhs.03.02.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jvhs.03.02.05","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Simvastatin is a lipophilic statin used to prevent and treat hypercholesterolemia. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of simvastatin on the appearance specifications of the DG region Hippocampus. Method: For the experiment, 36 male Wistar rats with an average weight of 300-250 g were divided into six groups (each group comprised six heads). Groups: 1): Control group, 2): Vitamin D dose 5 µg/kg, 3): Simvastatin group dose 1 mg/kg, 4): Simvastatin group dose 10 mg/kg, 5): Simvastatin group dose 1 mg/kg + vitamin D dose 5 µg/kg, 6): Simvastatin group dose 10 mg/kg + vitamin D dose 5 µg/kg. The duration of drug use was 28 days. At the end of the drug administration period, the animals were slaughtered, and then the brain tissue of the animals was extracted to prepare microscopic sections. Results: Microscopic studies show a negative effect of 10 mg/kg simvastatin on DG neurons. Conclusion: The microscopic studies in the present study indicate that high doses of simvastatin cause degeneration of neurons in the DG region of the hippocampus.","PeriodicalId":319653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Health Science","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125275521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Before implementing any development plan, it is critical to understand traditional goat management practices, which allow breeders to create long-term genetic improvement, while preserving indigenous goat production. This study aimed to describe the goat husbandry system in two districts of Sidama zone of southern Ethiopia using two production systems. A semi-structured questionnaire was employed to gather information regarding the management activities, purpose of keeping goats, and farmer’s selection criteria for breeding animals. A total of 240 households were interviewed to collect relevant information for the study. Data collected was statistically analyzed and summarized into descriptive statistics. Indexes were calculated to clarify rankings by using indexes formula. The number goat population was more in Loka Abaya than Aroresa. The primary purpose of keeping goats in the study area is mainly for their milk, meat and income generation. Broad shoulders, compact frame, and short and thick necks of the bucks were considered as the most important characteristics for selection. Communal grazing and crop aftermath were the most common feed sources reported by farmers in the study area. River was the major water source for goats in the study districts. The major factors limiting the productivity of goats are feed shortage, diseases, and labour shortage. The management and husbandry practices are nearly equivalent to the rest of the country with the same agroecology. Planning and implementing of goat development and extension services on management, improvement, disease control, and suitable forage production strategies helps farmers in increasing goat production and therefore improving their livelihood.
{"title":"Traditional Husbandry Practices and Selection Criteria of Goats in Selected Districts of Sidama Zone, Southern Ethiopia","authors":"Amsale Hankamo, Tariku Woldeyohannes","doi":"10.33140/jvhs.03.02.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jvhs.03.02.02","url":null,"abstract":"Before implementing any development plan, it is critical to understand traditional goat management practices, which allow breeders to create long-term genetic improvement, while preserving indigenous goat production. This study aimed to describe the goat husbandry system in two districts of Sidama zone of southern Ethiopia using two production systems. A semi-structured questionnaire was employed to gather information regarding the management activities, purpose of keeping goats, and farmer’s selection criteria for breeding animals. A total of 240 households were interviewed to collect relevant information for the study. Data collected was statistically analyzed and summarized into descriptive statistics. Indexes were calculated to clarify rankings by using indexes formula. The number goat population was more in Loka Abaya than Aroresa. The primary purpose of keeping goats in the study area is mainly for their milk, meat and income generation. Broad shoulders, compact frame, and short and thick necks of the bucks were considered as the most important characteristics for selection. Communal grazing and crop aftermath were the most common feed sources reported by farmers in the study area. River was the major water source for goats in the study districts. The major factors limiting the productivity of goats are feed shortage, diseases, and labour shortage. The management and husbandry practices are nearly equivalent to the rest of the country with the same agroecology. Planning and implementing of goat development and extension services on management, improvement, disease control, and suitable forage production strategies helps farmers in increasing goat production and therefore improving their livelihood.","PeriodicalId":319653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Health Science","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131025133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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