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Literacy in the Digital Age and Pakistani Youth 数字时代的扫盲与巴基斯坦青年
Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.54183/jssr.v2i4.85
A. Rehman, Maheen Hashim Khan Burki, Saima Khan
Digital and information technologies are being extensively used in education, and the market for ICT-enabled education is expanding. In the present study the impacts of digital technology on the general ability of students (15-24 years old) to perceive knowledge has been explored. The current generation is highly technologically literate. The expansion of technology in education has been facilitated by recent technical advancements and the rise in literacy. The present study focuses on research objectives; to access the impact of digital technology on literacy among Pakistani youth, to address the scope of digital expertise to improve the academic learning among students, to examine the obstacles being posed by excessive exposure to digital technology in the promotion of literacy. Purposive sampling was used to draw sample from the population. The population comprised the students of B.S & M.S/M.Phill. A sample of 110 students (n=110) was selected randomly from 5 Universities and in-depth interviews were conducted to structure results of the study. Results of the study revealed that digital tools have significant influence on the perceptive skills. It enhanced the confidence level in youth by developing communication and research skills. Academic performance of the students has improved to an extent but certain consequences are needed to be reconsider to acquire the significant impacts.
数字和信息技术在教育领域得到广泛应用,信息通信技术教育市场不断扩大。本研究探讨数位科技对15-24岁学生认知知识能力的影响。现在这一代人对技术非常精通。最近的技术进步和识字率的提高促进了技术在教育中的扩展。本研究的重点是研究目标;了解数字技术对巴基斯坦青年扫盲的影响,解决数字专业知识的范围,以改善学生的学术学习,研究过度使用数字技术在促进扫盲方面所造成的障碍。采用有目的抽样,从总体中抽取样本。这群人包括理学士和理科硕士/理科硕士的学生。从5所大学随机抽取110名学生(n=110)进行深度访谈,构建研究结果。研究结果表明,数字工具对感知技能有显著影响。它通过培养沟通和研究技能来增强青年的信心。学生的学习成绩在一定程度上得到了改善,但要获得显著的影响,需要重新考虑一定的后果。
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引用次数: 0
The Effects of Project Assessment, Safety Management Training, and Risk Assessment on Migrant Labor 项目评估、安全管理培训和风险评估对农民工的影响
Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.54183/jssr.v2i4.53
Muhammad Akbar Ali Ansari, Mehwish Shahid, A. Khan, M. S. E. Ali, Khawaja Asif Mehmood
Migrant laborer are workers or individuals that migrate within their home countries or to other states for the sake of work. The intention of these employees is not to live permanently in the region or country where they work. Migrant laborer faces many challenges, as well as some benefits. This study analyzed the impact of project assessment, safety management training, and risk assessment on migrant labor. The population of the study is made up of Pakistani food industry workers who have previously worked in various cities and countries. A total of 200 people were contacted, and 180 responses were included in the final analysis. The study is both quantitative and descriptive in nature. Data is collected through a questionnaire and administered on a 5-point Likert scale. Smart PLS is applied to the collected data. The findings demonstrated that project evaluation and risk assessment have a positive impact on migrant labor. Safety management training also has an impact on risk assessment and migrant labor. Moreover, risk assessment mediates the relationship between safety management training and migrant labor in the food industry in Pakistan. The management and policy makers of food industry should focus on project safety measures, and safety management training to protect their migrant labor.
移工是指为了工作而在本国或其他国家迁移的工人或个人。这些员工的目的不是在他们工作的地区或国家永久居住。农民工面临着许多挑战,也有一些好处。本研究分析专案评估、安全管理培训、风险评估对流动劳工的影响。该研究的人口由巴基斯坦食品工业工人组成,他们以前在各个城市和国家工作过。总共联系了200人,其中180人的回复被纳入最终分析。这项研究是定量的,也是描述性的。数据通过问卷收集,并以5分李克特量表进行管理。对采集到的数据应用智能PLS。研究结果表明,项目评估和风险评估对农民工有正向影响。安全管理培训对风险评估和外来务工人员也有影响。此外,风险评估在巴基斯坦食品行业的安全管理培训与移民劳动力之间起到中介作用。食品行业的管理者和决策者应该关注项目安全措施,以及安全管理培训,以保护他们的农民工。
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引用次数: 2
The Availability, Use, and Issues of Secondary Schools Teachers towards E-Learning 中学教师对电子学习的可用性、使用和问题
Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.54183/jssr.v2i4.60
Muzammila Akram, Hafiz Muhammad Usama Javed, Syeda Fatima Niaz, Waqas Mahmood
E-learning has transformed the whole education system and ensures no one is left behind in the educational system by providing accessible educational opportunities for all. ICT integration has emerged as a top priority for educational institutions. The basic purpose of the present study was to examine the availability, use and issues faced by secondary school teachers while using E-learning resources. A sequential explanatory mixed method was used for data collection from secondary school teachers from Ahmad Pur East, District Bahawalpur, Punjab, who were the intended population. Purposive sampling was used to reach out to 200 instructors from the entire population. SPSS 20 was used for quantitative data analysis after data collection. Based on the quantitative results, a semi-structured interview was conducted to explore the issues faced by teachers while teaching via E-learning. The qualitative data revealed the major issues encountered by teachers while using ICT were limited accessibility, lack of motivation, less technical support, poor sense of self-efficacy, technical difficulties, lack of motivation, lack of proper training, and a poor internet connection.
电子学习改变了整个教育系统,通过为所有人提供无障碍的教育机会,确保没有人在教育系统中掉队。信息和通信技术一体化已成为教育机构的重中之重。本研究的基本目的是调查中学教师在使用电子学习资源时的可得性、使用情况和面临的问题。采用顺序解释混合方法收集旁遮普省巴哈瓦尔布尔区Ahmad Pur East中学教师的数据,他们是预期人群。有目的的抽样从整个人群中抽取了200名教师。收集数据后,采用SPSS 20进行定量数据分析。基于定量结果,我们进行了半结构化访谈,以探讨教师在通过电子学习进行教学时所面临的问题。定性数据显示,教师在使用信息通信技术时遇到的主要问题是可及性有限、缺乏动力、缺乏技术支持、自我效能感差、技术困难、缺乏动力、缺乏适当的培训和互联网连接不良。
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引用次数: 1
Pre-service Teachers’ Cognitive or Non-Cognitive Preferences: Variance in the Learning Strategies from the Lenses of Gender Category in Balochistan, Pakistan 巴基斯坦俾路支省职前教师的认知或非认知偏好:性别范畴视角下的学习策略差异
Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.54183/jssr.v2i4.66
Tanzeela Arooj, Iqra Ameer, Muhammad Kamran
Male and female students’ choices always matter when it comes to the selection of any profession or any kind of strategy that is why our study is of supreme importance. This study was conducted to make sure that male students select different learning strategies for their lecture than female students and vice versa. The study was conducted in the Department of Education at the University of Loralai in Balochistan. It was a descriptive (a type of quantitative) research design for which participants were randomly selected through a simple random selection technique. For gender-wise comparison, 101 were male while 56 were female students who filled out and returned the questionnaires. The scale adopted by us from Jimenez et al. (2018) had 17 items in total which were spread in three dimensions i.e., micro-learning strategy (MLS; 05 items; α=0.83), keys for memory and metacognition learning strategy (KMMLS; 05 items; α= 0.65) and emotional social support learning strategy (ESSLS; 07 items; α= 0.61). The total Cronbach α of the scale was also in a highly acceptable range (α=0.84) achieved through running a pilot study of 09 respondents. For validation of the scale, we relied on factor analysis run in previous studies (e.g., Jimenez et al. 2018). The results proved that the students had to use always all three types of learning strategies when they have to learn their lectures. Upon testing of hypotheses, significant differences were found only in the keys for memory and metacognition learning strategy, and overall learning strategies, which further revealed that males had higher mean scores than female students. It then concludes that male students prefer cognitive learning strategies for lecture learning. The results were discussed in the views of current and past literature and suggestions were given based on the results.
当涉及到任何职业或任何一种策略的选择时,男女学生的选择总是很重要,这就是为什么我们的研究是至关重要的。本研究是为了确定男学生选择不同的学习策略与女学生,反之亦然。这项研究是在俾路支省的罗拉莱大学教育系进行的。这是一个描述性(一种定量)的研究设计,参与者是通过简单的随机选择技术随机选择的。在性别方面,101名男生和56名女生填写并上交了调查问卷。Jimenez et al.(2018)采用的量表共有17个项目,分布在三个维度上,即微学习策略(MLS;05年项目;α=0.83),记忆键和元认知学习策略(KMMLS;05年项目;α= 0.65)和情绪社会支持学习策略(ESSLS;07年项目;α= 0.61)。量表的总Cronbach α也在一个高度可接受的范围内(α=0.84),通过对09名受访者进行初步研究实现。为了验证量表,我们依赖于先前研究中运行的因子分析(例如,Jimenez et al. 2018)。结果证明,当学生必须学习讲课时,他们必须使用所有三种学习策略。在假设检验中,仅在记忆和元认知学习策略关键项和整体学习策略方面存在显著差异,进一步揭示了男生的平均分高于女生。结果表明,男生在课堂学习中更倾向于采用认知学习策略。对研究结果进行了综述,并提出了相应的建议。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of Non-linear Analysis of Crude Oil Prices on Domestic Inflation in Pakistan 原油价格非线性分析对巴基斯坦国内通货膨胀的影响
Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.54183/jssr.v2i4.83
Muhammad Yasin Abid, Abdul Ghafoor, M. Javed, M. Amjad
Post-COVID-19 outbreaks and the Russian-Ukraine war seriously disturb the energy supply chain, which causes massive inflation worldwide. This inflation badly affected developing countries because of the poor population living in these countries. This study explores the different determinants of inflation in Pakistan by considering the global crude oil prices (COP) energy prices by using the annual time series data from 1980 to 2020. This study measured inflation by using CPI as the dependent variable, while COP was the key independent variable by controlling the exchange rate, GDP, and remittances. The empirical results are estimated by using the non-linear ARDL econometric approach. The study proposes the U-shaped relationship of COP with CPI. Furthermore, foreign remittance and GDP per capita also contribute to domestic inflation. The present study suggests that government should take steps to decrease dependence on imported energy resources to make Pakistan prosperous.
新冠肺炎疫情和俄乌战争严重扰乱了能源供应链,导致全球范围内出现大规模通货膨胀。这种通货膨胀严重影响了发展中国家,因为这些国家的贫困人口。本研究利用1980年至2020年的年度时间序列数据,通过考虑全球原油价格(COP)能源价格,探讨了巴基斯坦通货膨胀的不同决定因素。本研究使用CPI作为因变量来衡量通货膨胀,而COP是通过控制汇率、GDP和汇款来衡量通货膨胀的关键自变量。采用非线性ARDL计量方法对实证结果进行了估计。研究提出COP与CPI呈u型关系。此外,外国汇款和人均国内生产总值也有助于国内通货膨胀。目前的研究表明,政府应该采取措施减少对进口能源的依赖,以使巴基斯坦繁荣。
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引用次数: 3
Role of Economic Instability, Political Instability, and Foreign Job Opportunities on Brain Drain: Perception of Business Students 经济不稳定、政治不稳定和外国工作机会对人才流失的作用:商科学生的看法
Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.54183/jssr.v2i4.72
D. Malokani, Khawaja Asif Mehmood, Farzana Munir
Brain drains are a major reason for worry for migrant-sending countries. The current study will examine the impact of economic instability, political instability and foreign job opportunities on the brain drain in a developing country like Pakistan. The primary data was collected for this study through the adopted questionnaire with the help of Google Forms. The non-probability sampling strategies, i.e., convenience and snowball sampling used due to the large population of major cities in Pakistan. A total of 250 recent business graduates were requested to complete the questionnaire, and for the data analysis, Smart PLS version 3 was used. The findings of the study revealed that all three independent variables, including economic instability, political instability and foreign job opportunities, have a positive and significant impact on the brain drain of the business graduates of Pakistan. This study revealed that three key variables are important and the major cause of brain drain. The country’s top management should take practical steps to address that issue in future policies and encourage the youth of Pakistan to serve the country immediately after completion of education. Our study contributes to save human capital for the betterment of nation specially in developing countries.
人才流失是移民输出国担心的主要原因。目前的研究将研究经济不稳定、政治不稳定和外国就业机会对巴基斯坦等发展中国家人才流失的影响。本研究的主要数据是通过采用问卷调查的方式收集的,并借助于Google Forms。由于巴基斯坦主要城市人口众多,使用了非概率抽样策略,即便利性和滚雪球抽样。本研究以250名商科应届毕业生为对象,采用Smart PLS第3版进行数据分析。研究结果表明,经济不稳定、政治不稳定和外国就业机会这三个自变量对巴基斯坦商科毕业生的人才流失都有积极而显著的影响。该研究揭示了三个关键变量是重要的,也是导致人才流失的主要原因。巴基斯坦最高管理层应采取实际步骤,在今后的政策中解决这一问题,并鼓励巴基斯坦青年在完成教育后立即为国家服务。我们的研究有助于节省人力资本以改善国家,特别是发展中国家的状况。
{"title":"Role of Economic Instability, Political Instability, and Foreign Job Opportunities on Brain Drain: Perception of Business Students","authors":"D. Malokani, Khawaja Asif Mehmood, Farzana Munir","doi":"10.54183/jssr.v2i4.72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54183/jssr.v2i4.72","url":null,"abstract":"Brain drains are a major reason for worry for migrant-sending countries. The current study will examine the impact of economic instability, political instability and foreign job opportunities on the brain drain in a developing country like Pakistan. The primary data was collected for this study through the adopted questionnaire with the help of Google Forms. The non-probability sampling strategies, i.e., convenience and snowball sampling used due to the large population of major cities in Pakistan. A total of 250 recent business graduates were requested to complete the questionnaire, and for the data analysis, Smart PLS version 3 was used. The findings of the study revealed that all three independent variables, including economic instability, political instability and foreign job opportunities, have a positive and significant impact on the brain drain of the business graduates of Pakistan. This study revealed that three key variables are important and the major cause of brain drain. The country’s top management should take practical steps to address that issue in future policies and encourage the youth of Pakistan to serve the country immediately after completion of education. Our study contributes to save human capital for the betterment of nation specially in developing countries.","PeriodicalId":320360,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social Sciences Review","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115458952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
International Donor Agencies Funded Judicial Reforms Endeavors in Pakistan: Old Wine in New Bottle 国际捐助机构资助巴基斯坦司法改革:新瓶装旧酒
Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.54183/jssr.v2i4.57
Shah Nawaz, M. Jan, R. Naz
Many governments and international organizations in Pakistan have introduced various reforms to promote the justice system in the country, but their efforts have ended in vain. The justice system in Pakistan has not been able to provide justice to common citizens. The reforms were aimed at decreasing the time span trials usually take in Pakistan and minimizing the cost of litigation; however, the basic purpose of the justice system, that is, the dispensation of justice, has remained unfulfilled. The reforms strengthened judicial hierarchy, improved infrastructures, and amended certain procedural laws but did nothing to address the real issues that were hindering the deliverance of justice to the common people. The legal fraternity and international donor agencies, who were the forces behind these reforms, have been the defenders of the formal justice system in Pakistan for reasons that are many.
巴基斯坦的许多政府和国际组织都进行了各种改革,以促进该国的司法制度,但他们的努力都白费了。巴基斯坦的司法系统无法为普通公民伸张正义。改革的目的是缩短巴基斯坦审理案件的时间,并尽量减少诉讼费用;然而,司法制度的基本目的,即司法分配,仍然没有实现。这些改革加强了司法等级制度,改善了基础设施,修改了某些程序法,但没有解决阻碍普通民众获得正义的实际问题。作为这些改革背后的力量,法律界和国际捐助机构一直是巴基斯坦正式司法制度的捍卫者,原因有很多。
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引用次数: 0
Implementing Fuzzy Reasoning – Based Emotive Intellect Agenda for Assessing Influence of Emotional Literacy on Career Development 运用基于模糊推理的情绪智力议程评估情绪素养对职业发展的影响
Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.54183/jssr.v2i4.47
Kainat Malik, Samrina Zamir, Z. Ghouri, Fizza Mansoor, Atif Aziz
Emotional Intelligence has become a problematic issue across the world, due to which both employers and employees are suffering. Rapid changes are occurring, which affects the employees' E.I. Despite these changes, it is difficult to predict the factors that help employees' career development. The findings of this research paper address the gap in the existing literature by screening Emotional Intelligence and its impact on Employee's career development. Due to its significance, Cartwright & Salloway’s (1997) model has been extended to formulate the research model. Moreover, the proposed research is built on fuzzy logic-based emotional intelligence. The fuzzy Logic Toolbox in Mat lab can be used for numerous systems. The membership standards are allocated easily. The application developed is proficient and implemented in a portion second. The fuzzification and the defuzzification procedure are achieved using command line functions and the GUI. The user can get the production in any essential form. In this regard, the impact of “Self-Awareness, Self-management, Social-awareness, and relationship management” has been monitored. The sample size drawn for this study was 390, with a 94% response rate. The data was collected through a questionnaire adapted from earlier studies. This study was limited to the banking sector of Karachi. Future studies may be carried out in other cities and sectors of Pakistan and other countries.
情商已经成为世界范围内的一个问题,因此雇主和雇员都很痛苦。快速的变化会影响员工的情商。尽管这些变化,但很难预测哪些因素有助于员工的职业发展。本研究通过筛选情绪智力及其对员工职业发展的影响,弥补了现有文献的空白。由于其重要意义,我们对Cartwright & Salloway(1997)的模型进行了扩展,形成了本研究模型。此外,本文提出的研究是建立在基于模糊逻辑的情商基础上的。Mat lab的模糊逻辑工具箱可用于多种系统。成员标准很容易分配。所开发的应用程序精通并在几分之一秒内实现。利用命令行函数和GUI实现了模糊化和去模糊化过程。用户可以得到任何必要形式的产品。在这方面,监测了“自我意识、自我管理、社会意识和关系管理”的影响。本研究的样本量为390人,回复率为94%。数据是通过一份改编自早期研究的问卷收集的。这项研究仅限于卡拉奇的银行部门。今后的研究可在巴基斯坦和其他国家的其他城市和部门进行。
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引用次数: 0
Narratological Analysis of English as a Second Language Students’ Success Stories 英语作为第二语言学生成功故事的叙事学分析
Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.54183/jssr.v2i4.49
Adeel Khalid, Fauzia Janjua, A. Ajmal
This article attempted to analyze the success stories of students at the tertiary level in an ESL context during the COVID-19 remote learning mode. This paper provided a meta-analysis of the narrative analysis using Polanyi’s framework (Polanyi, 1981). I argued that these success stories provided data to evaluate the conversational narrative framework on structural components and this meta-analysis highlighted the problems as well as the potentials of Polanyi’s conversational narrative model of analysis in the field of narratology. Data revealed that such evaluation of a conversational narrative’s non-Story world clauses offered critical insights as Polanyi delineated in her model.
本文试图分析在新型冠状病毒远程学习模式下,高等院校学生在ESL背景下的成功案例。本文运用波兰尼的框架(Polanyi, 1981)对叙事分析进行了元分析。我认为,这些成功的故事为从结构成分上评价对话叙事框架提供了数据,这一荟萃分析突出了波兰尼的对话叙事分析模型在叙事学领域的问题和潜力。数据显示,这种对会话叙事的非故事世界条款的评估提供了波兰尼在她的模型中描述的关键见解。
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引用次数: 0
Bibliometric Analysis of the Digitalized Economy: A Systematic Review 数字化经济的文献计量分析:系统回顾
Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.54183/jssr.v2i4.111
Iftikhar Ahmad, Tayyab Khan, Salim Khan, Muhammad Naeem Sharif, Muhammad Waqar
The digital economy has gained excellent research attention in both practices and academia. Various organizations in the world are using digital technology. Recently, there has been much interest in topics like the Blockchain, sharing economy, and others, leading to apparent changes in several fields. At the same time, interest in the digital business economy is expanding. The bibliometrics analysis on the subject is a great way to address and discuss the possibilities and risks of the digital revolution. This study retrieved 10258 articles from the web of sciences database between 2015 and 2022. The analysis's findings revealed that since 2015, publications have significantly increased in several disciplines, including management, business, economics, library and information science, business economics, and others. In addition, research institutions in Spain, the USA, and the UK have excelled in the field of the digital economy. The authors used the VOS viewers software to examine what occurred and generate a keyword map showing the connection between the topic and the cooccurrence network generated by keyword data. As a result, researchers, funding organizations, policymakers, and business professionals interested in developing the digital economy can use this paper as a resource.
数字经济在实践和学术界都得到了很好的研究关注。世界上许多组织都在使用数字技术。最近,人们对区块链、共享经济等话题很感兴趣,导致几个领域发生了明显的变化。与此同时,人们对数字商业经济的兴趣正在扩大。对这一主题的文献计量学分析是解决和讨论数字革命的可能性和风险的好方法。该研究从2015年至2022年的web of sciences数据库中检索了10258篇文章。分析结果显示,自2015年以来,管理学、商学、经济学、图书馆与信息科学、商业经济学等多个学科的出版物显著增加。此外,西班牙、美国和英国的研究机构在数字经济领域也表现出色。作者使用VOS查看器软件来检查发生了什么,并生成一个关键词地图,显示主题与关键词数据生成的协同网络之间的联系。因此,对发展数字经济感兴趣的研究人员、资助机构、政策制定者和商业专业人士可以将本文作为一种资源。
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引用次数: 0
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