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Discovering co-located queries in geographic search logs 在地理搜索日志中发现同址查询
Pub Date : 2008-04-22 DOI: 10.1145/1367798.1367812
Xiangye Xiao, Longhao Wang, Xing Xie, Qiong Luo
A geographic search request contains a query consisting of one or more keywords, and a search-location that the user searches for. In this paper, we study the problem of discovering co-located queries, which are geographic search requests for nearby search-locations. One example co-located query pattern is {"shopping mall", "parking"}. This pattern indicates that people often search "shopping mall" and "parking" over locations close to one another. Co-located queries have many applications, such as query suggestion, location recommendation, and local advertisement. We formally define co-located query patterns and propose two approaches to mining the patterns. Our basic approach is based on an existing spatial mining algorithm. To find more specific co-located queries that only appear in specific regions, we propose a lattice based approach. It divides the geographic space into regions and mines patterns in each region. We also define a locality measure to categorize patterns into local and global. Experimental results show that the lattice based approach outperforms the basic approach in the number of patterns, the quality of patterns, and the proportion of local patterns.
地理搜索请求包含由一个或多个关键字组成的查询,以及用户要搜索的搜索位置。在本文中,我们研究了发现共定位查询的问题,即对附近搜索位置的地理搜索请求。一个同址查询模式的例子是{"shopping mall", "parking"}。这种模式表明,人们经常搜索“购物中心”和“停车场”,而不是彼此靠近的地点。同址查询有许多应用,如查询建议、位置推荐和本地广告。我们正式定义了同址查询模式,并提出了两种挖掘模式的方法。我们的基本方法是基于现有的空间挖掘算法。为了找到只出现在特定区域的更具体的共定位查询,我们提出了一种基于点阵的方法。它将地理空间划分为不同的区域,并在每个区域内划分出不同的矿型。我们还定义了一个局部性度量来将模式分为局部和全局。实验结果表明,基于格子的方法在图案数量、图案质量和局部图案比例上都优于基本方法。
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引用次数: 3
Discovering geographical-specific interests from web click data 从网络点击数据中发现地理上特定的兴趣
Pub Date : 2008-04-22 DOI: 10.1145/1367798.1367805
Chang Sheng, W. Hsu, M. Lee
As the Internet continues to play an important role in many business applications, it becomes vital to increase the competitive edge by offering geographically tailored contents that reflect the common interests of the geographical region of the web visitors. In this paper, we define the problem of mining geographical-specific interests patterns. We utilize the quadtree to model the influence distributions of different features, and design an algorithm called Flex-iPROBER to mine geographical-specific interests patterns that are significant in a local region. We further examine how these patterns can change over time and develop an algorithm called MineGIC to efficiently discover pattern changes. Experiment results demonstrate that the proposed algorithms are scalable and efficient. Patterns discovered from real world web click datasets reveal interesting patterns and show the evolution of the interests of people in those regions.
随着Internet在许多商业应用程序中继续发挥重要作用,通过提供反映web访问者地理区域共同兴趣的地理定制内容来增加竞争优势变得至关重要。在本文中,我们定义了挖掘地理特定利益模式的问题。我们利用四叉树对不同特征的影响分布进行建模,并设计了一种称为Flex-iPROBER的算法来挖掘在局部区域具有重要意义的地理特定兴趣模式。我们将进一步研究这些模式如何随时间变化,并开发一个名为MineGIC的算法来有效地发现模式变化。实验结果表明,该算法具有良好的可扩展性和有效性。从现实世界的网络点击数据集中发现的模式揭示了有趣的模式,并显示了这些地区人们兴趣的演变。
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引用次数: 8
LocalSavvy: aggregating local points of view about news issues LocalSavvy:聚合关于新闻问题的本地观点
Pub Date : 2008-04-22 DOI: 10.1145/1367798.1367804
Jiahui Liu, L. Birnbaum
The web has become an important medium for news delivery and consumption. Fresh content about a variety of topics, events, and places is constantly being created and published on the web by news agencies around the world. As intuitively understood by readers, and studied in journalism, news articles produced by different social groups present different attitudes towards and interpretations of the same news issues. In this paper, we propose a new paradigm for aggregating news articles according to the local news sources associated with the stakeholders of the news issues. This new paradigm provides users the capability to aggregate and browse various local points of view about the news issues in which they are interested. We implement this paradigm in a system called LocalSavvy. LocalSavvy analyzes the news articles provided by users, using knowledge about locations automatically acquired from the web. Based on the analysis of the news issue, the system finds and aggregates local news articles published by official and unofficial news sources associated with the stakeholders. Moreover, opinions from those local social groups are extracted from the retrieved results, presented in the summaries and highlighted in the news web pages. We evaluate LocalSavvy with a user study. The quantitative and qualitative analysis shows that news articles aggregated by LocalSavvy present relevant and distinct local opinions, which can be clearly perceived by the subjects.
网络已经成为新闻传递和消费的重要媒介。世界各地的新闻机构不断在网络上创造和发布关于各种主题、事件和地点的新鲜内容。从读者的直观理解和新闻学的研究来看,不同社会群体产生的新闻文章对同一新闻问题的态度和解释是不同的。在本文中,我们提出了一个新的范式,根据与新闻问题的利益相关者相关的本地新闻来源聚合新闻文章。这个新范例为用户提供了聚合和浏览关于他们感兴趣的新闻问题的各种本地观点的能力。我们在一个叫做LocalSavvy的系统中实现了这个范例。LocalSavvy利用从网络上自动获取的位置信息,分析用户提供的新闻文章。该系统通过对新闻事件的分析,发现并汇总与利益相关者相关的官方和非官方新闻来源发布的地方新闻文章。此外,从检索结果中提取当地社会群体的意见,在摘要中呈现,并在新闻网页中突出显示。我们通过用户研究来评估LocalSavvy。定量和定性分析表明,LocalSavvy聚合的新闻文章呈现出相关的、鲜明的地方观点,这些观点可以被主体清晰地感知。
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引用次数: 21
The locative web 定位网站
Pub Date : 2008-04-22 DOI: 10.1145/1367798.1367800
Erik Wilde, M. Kofahl
The concept of location has become very popular in many applications on the Web, in particular for those which aim at connecting the real world with resources on the Web. However, the Web as it is today has no overall location concept, which means that applications have to introduce their own location concepts and have done so in incompatible ways. By turning the Web into a location-aware Web, which we call the "Locative Web", location-oriented applications get better support for their location concepts on the Web, and the Web becomes an information system where location-related information can be more easily shared across different applications and application areas. We describe a location concept for the Web supporting different location types, its embedding into some of the Web's core technologies, and prototype implementations of these concepts in location-enabled Web components.
位置的概念在Web上的许多应用程序中变得非常流行,特别是那些旨在将现实世界与Web上的资源连接起来的应用程序。然而,今天的Web没有整体的位置概念,这意味着应用程序必须引入自己的位置概念,并且以不兼容的方式这样做。通过将Web转变为位置感知Web(我们称之为“位置Web”),面向位置的应用程序在Web上的位置概念得到了更好的支持,并且Web成为一个信息系统,其中与位置相关的信息可以更容易地在不同的应用程序和应用程序领域之间共享。我们描述了一个用于支持不同位置类型的Web的位置概念,它嵌入到一些Web的核心技术中,以及这些概念在支持位置的Web组件中的原型实现。
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引用次数: 19
Determining geographic representations for arbitrary concepts at query time 在查询时确定任意概念的地理表示
Pub Date : 2008-04-22 DOI: 10.1145/1367798.1367802
A. Henrich, Volker Lüdecke
In typical concept@location-queries, the location is sometimes given by terms that cannot be found in gazetteers or geographic databases. Such terms usually describe vague geographical regions, but might also include more general terms like mining or theme parks, in which case the corresponding geographic footprint is less obvious. In the present paper we describe our approach to deal with such vague location specifications in geographic queries. Roughly, we determine a geographic representation for these location specifications from toponyms found in the top documents resulting from a query using the terms describing the location. In this paper we describe an efficient process to derive the geographic representation for such situations at query time. Furthermore, we present experiments depicting the performance of our approach as well as the result quality. Our approach allows for an efficient execution of queries such as camping ground near theme park. It can also be used as a standalone-application giving a visual impression of the geographic footprint of arbitrary terms.
在典型的concept@location-queries中,位置有时是由在地名词典或地理数据库中找不到的术语给出的。这些术语通常描述模糊的地理区域,但也可能包括更一般的术语,如采矿或主题公园,在这种情况下,相应的地理足迹不太明显。在本文中,我们描述了在地理查询中处理这种模糊位置规范的方法。粗略地说,我们根据使用描述位置的术语进行查询所得到的顶级文档中的地名来确定这些位置规范的地理表示。在本文中,我们描述了一个在查询时导出此类情况的地理表示的有效过程。此外,我们还提供了描述我们的方法的性能以及结果质量的实验。我们的方法允许高效执行查询,例如主题公园附近的露营地。它还可以作为一个独立的应用程序使用,提供任意术语的地理足迹的视觉印象。
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引用次数: 9
Acquisition of a vernacular gazetteer from web sources 从网络资源中获取白话文地名辞典
Pub Date : 2008-04-22 DOI: 10.1145/1367798.1367808
Florian A. Twaroch, Christopher B. Jones, A. Abdelmoty
Vernacular place names are names that are commonly in use to refer to geographical places. For purposes of effective information retrieval, the spatial extent associated with these names should be able to reflect people's perception of the place, even though this may differ sometimes from the administrative definition of the same place name. Due to their informal nature, vernacular place names are hard to capture, but methods to acquire and define vernacular place names are of great benefit to search engines and all kind of information services that deal with geographic data. This paper discusses the acquisition of vernacular use of place names from web sources and their representation as surface models derived by kernel density estimators.
白话地名是通常用来指地理位置的名称。为了有效的信息检索,与这些地名相关的空间范围应该能够反映人们对该地名的感知,即使这有时可能与同一地名的行政定义不同。由于其非正式性,白话地名很难被捕获,但获取和定义白话地名的方法对搜索引擎和处理地理数据的各种信息服务都有很大的好处。本文讨论了从网络资源中获取地名的方言用法,并利用核密度估计器将其表示为表面模型。
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引用次数: 45
Analysis of geographic queries in a search engine log 对搜索引擎日志中的地理查询进行分析
Pub Date : 2008-04-22 DOI: 10.1145/1367798.1367806
Qingqing Gan, Josh Attenberg, Alexander Markowetz, Torsten Suel
Geography is becoming increasingly important in web search. Search engines can often return better results to users by analyzing features such as user location or geographic terms in web pages and user queries. This is also of great commercial value as it enables location specific advertising and improved search for local businesses. As a result, major search companies have invested significant resources into geographic search technologies, also often called local search. This paper studies geographic search queries, i.e., text queries such as "hotel new york" that employ geographical terms in an attempt to restrict results to a particular region or location. Our main motivation is to identify opportunities for improving geographical search and related technologies, and we perform an analysis of 36 million queries of the recently released AOL query trace. First, we identify typical properties of geographic search (geo) queries based on a manual examination of several thousand queries. Based on these observations, we build a classifier that separates the trace into geo and non-geo queries. We then investigate the properties of geo queries in more detail, and relate them to web sites and users associated with such queries. We also propose a new taxonomy for geographic search queries.
地理位置在网络搜索中变得越来越重要。搜索引擎通常可以通过分析网页中的用户位置或地理术语以及用户查询等特征,为用户返回更好的结果。这也具有很大的商业价值,因为它可以实现特定位置的广告,并改进对当地企业的搜索。因此,各大搜索公司在地理搜索技术上投入了大量资源,通常也被称为本地搜索。本文研究地理搜索查询,即使用地理术语试图将结果限制在特定区域或位置的文本查询,如“hotel new york”。我们的主要动机是确定改进地理搜索和相关技术的机会,我们对最近发布的AOL查询跟踪的3600万个查询进行了分析。首先,我们基于对数千个查询的人工检查确定地理搜索(geo)查询的典型属性。基于这些观察,我们构建了一个分类器,将跟踪分为地理查询和非地理查询。然后,我们更详细地研究地理查询的属性,并将它们与与此类查询相关的网站和用户联系起来。我们还提出了一种新的地理搜索查询分类法。
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引用次数: 155
Annotating and visualizing location data in geospatial web applications 在地理空间web应用程序中标注和可视化位置数据
Pub Date : 2008-04-22 DOI: 10.1145/1367798.1367809
A. Scharl, Hermann Stern, A. Weichselbraun
This paper presents the IDIOM Media Watch on Climate Change (www.ecoresearch.net/climate), a prototypical implementation of an environmental portal that emphasizes the importance of location data for advanced Web applications. The introductory section outlines the process of retrofitting existing knowledge repositories with geographical context information, a process also referred to as geotagging. The paper then describes the portal's functionality, which aggregates, annotates and visualizes environmental articles from 150 Anglo-American news media sites. From 300,000 news media articles gathered in weekly intervals, the system selects about 10,000 focusing on environmental issues. The crawled data is indexed and stored in a central repository. Geographic location represents a central aspect of the application, but not the only dimension used to organize and filter content. Applying the concepts of location and topography to semantic similarity, the paper concludes with discussing information landscapes as alternative interface metaphor for accessing large Web repositories.
本文介绍了关于气候变化的IDIOM媒体观察(www.ecoresearch.net/climate),这是一个环境门户的原型实现,它强调了位置数据对高级Web应用程序的重要性。引言部分概述了用地理上下文信息改造现有知识库的过程,这个过程也称为地理标记。论文随后描述了门户网站的功能,它可以聚合、注释和可视化来自150个英美新闻媒体网站的环境文章。该系统从每周收集的30万篇新闻媒体文章中,选择大约1万篇关注环境问题的文章。抓取的数据被索引并存储在中央存储库中。地理位置表示应用程序的一个中心方面,但不是用于组织和过滤内容的唯一维度。本文将位置和地形的概念应用于语义相似性,最后讨论了信息景观作为访问大型Web存储库的替代接口隐喻。
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引用次数: 9
A differential notion of place for local search 用于局部搜索的位置的微分概念
Pub Date : 2008-04-22 DOI: 10.1145/1367798.1367801
Vlad Tanasescu, J. Domingue
For extracting the characteristics a specific geographic entity, and notably a place, we propose to use dynamic Extreme Tagging Systems in combination with the classic approach of static KR models like ontologies, thesauri and gazetteers. Indeed, we argue that in local search, the what that is queried is implicitly about places. However existing knowledge representation (KR) models, such as ontologies based on logical theories, conceptual spaces, affordance or other, cannot capture in isolation all aspects of the meaning of a place. Therefore we propose to use a combination of them based on the underlying notion of differences, linked elements of meaning without commitment to any KR model. Mapping to elements of different KR models can be made later to follow the requirements of a given task, supported by a KR representation of the elements that support this task. We show the usefulness of the approach for local search by applying it to the notion of place defined as a location that supports a homogeneous affordance field, i.e. the spatial area which allows me the do a particular thing, while allowing the homogeneity of movement, meaning that the previous field is not interrupted by any boundaries.
为了提取特定地理实体的特征,特别是一个地方,我们建议使用动态极限标记系统与静态KR模型的经典方法相结合,如本体、词典和地名词典。事实上,我们认为,在本地搜索中,所查询的内容隐含地与地点有关。然而,现有的知识表示(KR)模型,如基于逻辑理论、概念空间、功能或其他的本体论,不能孤立地捕捉一个地方意义的所有方面。因此,我们建议基于潜在的差异概念使用它们的组合,在不承诺任何KR模型的情况下,将意义元素联系起来。稍后可以根据给定任务的需求对不同KR模型的元素进行映射,由支持该任务的元素的KR表示来支持。我们通过将该方法应用于定义为支持同质功能场的位置的地方的概念,即允许我做特定事情的空间区域,同时允许运动的同质性,这意味着之前的场不被任何边界打断,从而展示了该方法在局部搜索中的实用性。
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引用次数: 8
Urban web crawling 城市网络爬行
Pub Date : 2008-04-22 DOI: 10.1145/1367798.1367803
Dirk Ahlers, Susanne CJ Boll
Local search is increasingly becoming a major focus point of research interest. It is a widely-recognized speciality search with a large application area. Its data is usually aggregated from a variety of sources. One as yet largely untapped source of location data is the WWW. Today, the Web does not explicitly reveal its location-relation; rather this information is hidden somewhere within pages' contents. To exploit such location information, we need to find, extract and geo-spatially index relevant Web pages. For an effective retrieval of such content, this paper examines the application of focused Web crawling to the geospatial domain. We describe our approach for a geo-aware focused crawling of urban areas and other regions with a high building density. We present our experimental results that give us insight into spatial Web information such as location density and link distance between topical pages. Our crawls and evaluations back our hypothesis that geospatially focused crawling is suitable for the urban geospatial topic.
本地搜索正日益成为研究兴趣的主要焦点。它是一个被广泛认可的专业搜索,具有广泛的应用领域。它的数据通常来自不同的来源。一个尚未开发的位置数据来源是WWW。今天,网络并没有明确地揭示它的位置关系;相反,这些信息隐藏在页面内容的某个地方。为了利用这些位置信息,我们需要查找、提取相关的Web页面并在地理空间上建立索引。为了有效地检索这些内容,本文研究了聚焦网络爬行在地理空间领域的应用。我们描述了我们的方法,用于城市地区和其他建筑密度高的地区的地理感知集中爬行。我们展示了我们的实验结果,让我们深入了解空间网络信息,如位置密度和主题页面之间的链接距离。我们的爬行和评估支持了我们的假设,即地理空间聚焦爬行适用于城市地理空间主题。
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引用次数: 15
期刊
International Workshop on Location and the Web
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