Pub Date : 2024-02-04DOI: 10.18502/jnfs.v9i1.14852
Seyedeh-Masomeh Derakhshandeh-Rishehri, Milad Rajabzadeh-dehkordi, S. Ghobadi, S. Faghih
Background: Oxidative stress is the leading cause of chronic disorders. The aim of the present study is to assess the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplements on oxidative stress biomarkers in adults. Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, ProQuest, Scopus, and Embase were searched up to December 2020. All clinical trials that evaluated the effect of CLA on malondialdehyde (MDA), GSH-peroxidase (GPX), and 8-IsoprostanesF2α (8-iso-PGF2α) were included. Results: Twelve eligible studies were included in the meta-analysis. A significant increase was observed in 8-iso-PGF2α level (SMD=1.48 nmol/mmol of creatinine; 95% CI: 1.11 to 1.85) with low heterogeneity level (I2= 31.5%, and P=0.199). This effect was also significant in both subgroups of healthy and metabolic disorder individuals. Moreover, after Hartung-Knapp adjustment, the results remained significant. No significant changes were found in MDA (SMD=-0.34 µmol/l; 95% CI: -0.82 to 0.14) and GPX (SMD=0.31 U/gHb; 95% CI: -0.03 to 0.66) levels. However, after Hartung-Knapp adjustment, the results became significant for GPX level (SMD=0.31, 95% CI: 0.04 to 0.59). Conclusion: CLA supplementation could significantly increase some markers of oxidative stress such as 8-iso-PGF2α level and GPX level, without any significant effect on MDA level.
{"title":"The Effects of Conjugated Linoleic Acid Supplements on Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Human Studies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Seyedeh-Masomeh Derakhshandeh-Rishehri, Milad Rajabzadeh-dehkordi, S. Ghobadi, S. Faghih","doi":"10.18502/jnfs.v9i1.14852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jnfs.v9i1.14852","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Oxidative stress is the leading cause of chronic disorders. The aim of the present study is to assess the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplements on oxidative stress biomarkers in adults. \u0000 Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, ProQuest, Scopus, and Embase were searched up to December 2020. All clinical trials that evaluated the effect of CLA on malondialdehyde (MDA), GSH-peroxidase (GPX), and 8-IsoprostanesF2α (8-iso-PGF2α) were included. \u0000Results: Twelve eligible studies were included in the meta-analysis. A significant increase was observed in 8-iso-PGF2α level (SMD=1.48 nmol/mmol of creatinine; 95% CI: 1.11 to 1.85) with low heterogeneity level (I2= 31.5%, and P=0.199). This effect was also significant in both subgroups of healthy and metabolic disorder individuals. Moreover, after Hartung-Knapp adjustment, the results remained significant. No significant changes were found in MDA (SMD=-0.34 µmol/l; 95% CI: -0.82 to 0.14) and GPX (SMD=0.31 U/gHb; 95% CI: -0.03 to 0.66) levels. However, after Hartung-Knapp adjustment, the results became significant for GPX level (SMD=0.31, 95% CI: 0.04 to 0.59). \u0000Conclusion: CLA supplementation could significantly increase some markers of oxidative stress such as 8-iso-PGF2α level and GPX level, without any significant effect on MDA level.","PeriodicalId":32114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Food Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139806832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-03DOI: 10.18502/jnfs.v9i1.14843
Jemal Abdulkerime Mohammed, Asegie Asrat Mulat
Background: In order to combat malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies, Nutrition Sensitive Agriculture (NSA) gives nutrient-dense foods, dietary diversity, and food fortification the highest priority. This micro-intervention project's goal is to increase home-gardening system's contribution to raising women's dietary diversity score (WDDS) by diversifying family farming practices. Methods: In Ethiopia's Boru-Meda Kebele, The authors applied the intervention to 40 specifically chosen female beneficiaries between the ages of 15 and 49. FAO's standardized questionnaire was used as a tool to conduct an initial and end-line dietary diversity survey by giving careful consideration to cultural and religious elements. The qualitative information was also gathered using case studies, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions. Results: The local population's diet was dominated by staple cereal crops, and women were less knowledgeable about home gardening and diverse diets. Before intervention, the average number of food groups produced and consumed was 2.63±1.00 and 3.68±1.16 respectively. The intervention enhanced the WDDS to 6.13±0.76, and the production diversity to 5.63±0.90. The intervention changed the community's consumption and production patterns, especially among women. Conclusion: Home-garden agriculture helps to increase WDDS. As a result, development partners must concentrate on farming system diversification by increasing the accessibility of vegetable seeds and educating local farmers about the contribution of diversified vegetable production and consumption. Strengthening the cooperation among stakeholders and maintaining monitoring of activities should also be given due emphasis.
{"title":"Home-Garden Production and Women Dietary Diversity: An Experience from Success of Micro-Intervention in Boru Meda Kebele, Ethiopia","authors":"Jemal Abdulkerime Mohammed, Asegie Asrat Mulat","doi":"10.18502/jnfs.v9i1.14843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jnfs.v9i1.14843","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In order to combat malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies, Nutrition Sensitive Agriculture (NSA) gives nutrient-dense foods, dietary diversity, and food fortification the highest priority. This micro-intervention project's goal is to increase home-gardening system's contribution to raising women's dietary diversity score (WDDS) by diversifying family farming practices. Methods: In Ethiopia's Boru-Meda Kebele, The authors applied the intervention to 40 specifically chosen female beneficiaries between the ages of 15 and 49. FAO's standardized questionnaire was used as a tool to conduct an initial and end-line dietary diversity survey by giving careful consideration to cultural and religious elements. The qualitative information was also gathered using case studies, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions. Results: The local population's diet was dominated by staple cereal crops, and women were less knowledgeable about home gardening and diverse diets. Before intervention, the average number of food groups produced and consumed was 2.63±1.00 and 3.68±1.16 respectively. The intervention enhanced the WDDS to 6.13±0.76, and the production diversity to 5.63±0.90. The intervention changed the community's consumption and production patterns, especially among women. Conclusion: Home-garden agriculture helps to increase WDDS. As a result, development partners must concentrate on farming system diversification by increasing the accessibility of vegetable seeds and educating local farmers about the contribution of diversified vegetable production and consumption. Strengthening the cooperation among stakeholders and maintaining monitoring of activities should also be given due emphasis.","PeriodicalId":32114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Food Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139808284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-03DOI: 10.18502/jnfs.v9i1.14847
F. Toorang, Bahareh Sasanfar, Hamed Pouraram, Soheyl Eskandari
Background: There is a growing concern about the health-threatening effects of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables worldwide. This study systematically reviewed the published data on pesticide residues in Iranian fruits and vegetables to clarify the gap in this issue. Method: The authors systematically searched PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, SID, and Iran Medex to find published studies on pesticide residues in Iranian foods without time and language restrictions. The title and abstract of all articles were evaluated after removing duplicate articles (2289 articles) by two independent reviewers. Finally, 25 articles were found that reported pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables. There was a great variation in measurement methods and pesticides reported across studies, which precluded meta-analysis. Therefore, a summary of the included studies was only reported. Results: Twenty-four studies reporting pesticide residues in Iranian fruits and vegetables were included. The percentage of Iranian fruits and vegetables contaminated with pesticides exceeding the maximum residue limit (MRL) was less than 10% in most studies. Contaminated samples were collected mainly from cultivated areas such as fields, orchards, or greenhouses. Conclusion: Pesticide residues in food have not been systematically reported in Iran. It was found that only limited articles were published by academic societies on this issue. Considering the current scenario, there is an urgent need to facilitate reliable and continuous measurements of toxic residues in Iranian food.
{"title":"Pesticide Residue in Iranian Fruits and Vegetables: A Systematic Review","authors":"F. Toorang, Bahareh Sasanfar, Hamed Pouraram, Soheyl Eskandari","doi":"10.18502/jnfs.v9i1.14847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jnfs.v9i1.14847","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There is a growing concern about the health-threatening effects of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables worldwide. This study systematically reviewed the published data on pesticide residues in Iranian fruits and vegetables to clarify the gap in this issue. Method: The authors systematically searched PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, SID, and Iran Medex to find published studies on pesticide residues in Iranian foods without time and language restrictions. The title and abstract of all articles were evaluated after removing duplicate articles (2289 articles) by two independent reviewers. Finally, 25 articles were found that reported pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables. There was a great variation in measurement methods and pesticides reported across studies, which precluded meta-analysis. Therefore, a summary of the included studies was only reported. Results: Twenty-four studies reporting pesticide residues in Iranian fruits and vegetables were included. The percentage of Iranian fruits and vegetables contaminated with pesticides exceeding the maximum residue limit (MRL) was less than 10% in most studies. Contaminated samples were collected mainly from cultivated areas such as fields, orchards, or greenhouses. Conclusion: Pesticide residues in food have not been systematically reported in Iran. It was found that only limited articles were published by academic societies on this issue. Considering the current scenario, there is an urgent need to facilitate reliable and continuous measurements of toxic residues in Iranian food.","PeriodicalId":32114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Food Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139867995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-03DOI: 10.18502/jnfs.v9i1.14848
M. Shirdeli, Fatemeh Yaghoubi, Fateme Sadeghi-Nodoushan, A. Marzban
Background: Fasting during Ramadan is an obligatory duty for all Muslims in the world. One of the most common side effects of fasting is constipation if fasted people do not follow a proper diet. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to review the effect of synbiotic foods on reducing and treating constipation in fasted people during Ramadan. Methods: Search engines including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Science Direct, Google scholar, Magiran, and scientific information database (SID) were applied with keywords such as Fasting, Synbiotics, Constipation, Ramadan, Digestive System, Probiotics and Prebiotics to find related articles published up to 2022. Finally, 45 articles were included in the review. Results: Synbiotics are actually oral supplements and a mixture of probiotics and prebiotics. The use of these compounds, in addition to reducing the complication of constipation, has other benefits that can be a step towards reducing the use of drugs and changing lifestyle not only this month but also at other times. Conclusion: The use of fiber-containing compounds, beneficial for the activity of the gastrointestinal tract, both microbial and to improve its peristalsis, is especially necessary in the elderly, whose peristalsis has decreased due to aging. The placement of synbiotic foods such as synbiotic dairy products will help to control this complication due to the presence of prebiotics and beneficial probiotics.
{"title":"A Review of the Effect of Synbiotic Foods on Reducing and Treating Constipation in Fasted People during the Month of Ramadan","authors":"M. Shirdeli, Fatemeh Yaghoubi, Fateme Sadeghi-Nodoushan, A. Marzban","doi":"10.18502/jnfs.v9i1.14848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jnfs.v9i1.14848","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Fasting during Ramadan is an obligatory duty for all Muslims in the world. One of the most common side effects of fasting is constipation if fasted people do not follow a proper diet. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to review the effect of synbiotic foods on reducing and treating constipation in fasted people during Ramadan. Methods: Search engines including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Science Direct, Google scholar, Magiran, and scientific information database (SID) were applied with keywords such as Fasting, Synbiotics, Constipation, Ramadan, Digestive System, Probiotics and Prebiotics to find related articles published up to 2022. Finally, 45 articles were included in the review. Results: Synbiotics are actually oral supplements and a mixture of probiotics and prebiotics. The use of these compounds, in addition to reducing the complication of constipation, has other benefits that can be a step towards reducing the use of drugs and changing lifestyle not only this month but also at other times. Conclusion: The use of fiber-containing compounds, beneficial for the activity of the gastrointestinal tract, both microbial and to improve its peristalsis, is especially necessary in the elderly, whose peristalsis has decreased due to aging. The placement of synbiotic foods such as synbiotic dairy products will help to control this complication due to the presence of prebiotics and beneficial probiotics.","PeriodicalId":32114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Food Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139868039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-03DOI: 10.18502/jnfs.v9i1.14843
Jemal Abdulkerime Mohammed, Asegie Asrat Mulat
Background: In order to combat malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies, Nutrition Sensitive Agriculture (NSA) gives nutrient-dense foods, dietary diversity, and food fortification the highest priority. This micro-intervention project's goal is to increase home-gardening system's contribution to raising women's dietary diversity score (WDDS) by diversifying family farming practices. Methods: In Ethiopia's Boru-Meda Kebele, The authors applied the intervention to 40 specifically chosen female beneficiaries between the ages of 15 and 49. FAO's standardized questionnaire was used as a tool to conduct an initial and end-line dietary diversity survey by giving careful consideration to cultural and religious elements. The qualitative information was also gathered using case studies, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions. Results: The local population's diet was dominated by staple cereal crops, and women were less knowledgeable about home gardening and diverse diets. Before intervention, the average number of food groups produced and consumed was 2.63±1.00 and 3.68±1.16 respectively. The intervention enhanced the WDDS to 6.13±0.76, and the production diversity to 5.63±0.90. The intervention changed the community's consumption and production patterns, especially among women. Conclusion: Home-garden agriculture helps to increase WDDS. As a result, development partners must concentrate on farming system diversification by increasing the accessibility of vegetable seeds and educating local farmers about the contribution of diversified vegetable production and consumption. Strengthening the cooperation among stakeholders and maintaining monitoring of activities should also be given due emphasis.
{"title":"Home-Garden Production and Women Dietary Diversity: An Experience from Success of Micro-Intervention in Boru Meda Kebele, Ethiopia","authors":"Jemal Abdulkerime Mohammed, Asegie Asrat Mulat","doi":"10.18502/jnfs.v9i1.14843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jnfs.v9i1.14843","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In order to combat malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies, Nutrition Sensitive Agriculture (NSA) gives nutrient-dense foods, dietary diversity, and food fortification the highest priority. This micro-intervention project's goal is to increase home-gardening system's contribution to raising women's dietary diversity score (WDDS) by diversifying family farming practices. Methods: In Ethiopia's Boru-Meda Kebele, The authors applied the intervention to 40 specifically chosen female beneficiaries between the ages of 15 and 49. FAO's standardized questionnaire was used as a tool to conduct an initial and end-line dietary diversity survey by giving careful consideration to cultural and religious elements. The qualitative information was also gathered using case studies, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions. Results: The local population's diet was dominated by staple cereal crops, and women were less knowledgeable about home gardening and diverse diets. Before intervention, the average number of food groups produced and consumed was 2.63±1.00 and 3.68±1.16 respectively. The intervention enhanced the WDDS to 6.13±0.76, and the production diversity to 5.63±0.90. The intervention changed the community's consumption and production patterns, especially among women. Conclusion: Home-garden agriculture helps to increase WDDS. As a result, development partners must concentrate on farming system diversification by increasing the accessibility of vegetable seeds and educating local farmers about the contribution of diversified vegetable production and consumption. Strengthening the cooperation among stakeholders and maintaining monitoring of activities should also be given due emphasis.","PeriodicalId":32114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Food Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139868198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-03DOI: 10.18502/jnfs.v9i1.14841
Marzieh Dehghani, N. Omidvar, Azam Doustmohammadian, Z. Tork, Ayoub Arvand
Background: Formal education in any society should foster all aspects of students' growth. However, studying the curriculum of the country academic period indicates null food and nutrition. Nutrition, as an essential factor in the health of students, can play an effective role in their academic progress. This study aimed to analyze the content of school textbooks concerning food and nutrition literacy (FNLIT) concept and its components in Iran. Methods: This study is a content analysis of school textbooks during 2020-2021 academic year. All school textbooks published in 2020 for elementary (grades 1st to 6th), junior high school (grades 7th to 9th), as well as high schools (grades 10th to 12th) were included. Content analysis of the textbooks was conducted based on Krippendorf framework using FNLIT component checklist. The reliability assessment using Holsti method was 85.29% for elementary school textbooks and 84.78% for junior high school and high school textbooks. Results: The cognitive domain of FNLIT had the highest frequency (92%) within the text, images, and practice questions of the elementary school textbooks, followed by very few references regarding the skill domain (7%). The value-attitude domain was largely unnoticed (1%). In junior high school textbooks, the total number of FNLIT components was 439, of which the cognitive domain of 308 (70.16%) had the highest frequency, followed by the skill domain with 96 units (21.86%), while only 35 units were identified regarding the value-attitude domain (7.97%). In high school textbooks, 342 units of analysis were identified, 82.16% of which were related to cognition, 14.03% value-attitude domain, and only 3.80% were related to the skill domain. Conclusion: Meager attention is given to FNLIT and its components in school textbooks in Iran, especially concerning skill and value-attitude domains.
{"title":"Food and Nutrition Literacy through Formal Education in Iran: A Content Analysis of School Textbooks","authors":"Marzieh Dehghani, N. Omidvar, Azam Doustmohammadian, Z. Tork, Ayoub Arvand","doi":"10.18502/jnfs.v9i1.14841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jnfs.v9i1.14841","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Formal education in any society should foster all aspects of students' growth. However, studying the curriculum of the country academic period indicates null food and nutrition. Nutrition, as an essential factor in the health of students, can play an effective role in their academic progress. This study aimed to analyze the content of school textbooks concerning food and nutrition literacy (FNLIT) concept and its components in Iran. Methods: This study is a content analysis of school textbooks during 2020-2021 academic year. All school textbooks published in 2020 for elementary (grades 1st to 6th), junior high school (grades 7th to 9th), as well as high schools (grades 10th to 12th) were included. Content analysis of the textbooks was conducted based on Krippendorf framework using FNLIT component checklist. The reliability assessment using Holsti method was 85.29% for elementary school textbooks and 84.78% for junior high school and high school textbooks. Results: The cognitive domain of FNLIT had the highest frequency (92%) within the text, images, and practice questions of the elementary school textbooks, followed by very few references regarding the skill domain (7%). The value-attitude domain was largely unnoticed (1%). In junior high school textbooks, the total number of FNLIT components was 439, of which the cognitive domain of 308 (70.16%) had the highest frequency, followed by the skill domain with 96 units (21.86%), while only 35 units were identified regarding the value-attitude domain (7.97%). In high school textbooks, 342 units of analysis were identified, 82.16% of which were related to cognition, 14.03% value-attitude domain, and only 3.80% were related to the skill domain. Conclusion: Meager attention is given to FNLIT and its components in school textbooks in Iran, especially concerning skill and value-attitude domains.","PeriodicalId":32114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Food Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139807757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-03DOI: 10.18502/jnfs.v9i1.14841
Marzieh Dehghani, N. Omidvar, Azam Doustmohammadian, Z. Tork, Ayoub Arvand
Background: Formal education in any society should foster all aspects of students' growth. However, studying the curriculum of the country academic period indicates null food and nutrition. Nutrition, as an essential factor in the health of students, can play an effective role in their academic progress. This study aimed to analyze the content of school textbooks concerning food and nutrition literacy (FNLIT) concept and its components in Iran. Methods: This study is a content analysis of school textbooks during 2020-2021 academic year. All school textbooks published in 2020 for elementary (grades 1st to 6th), junior high school (grades 7th to 9th), as well as high schools (grades 10th to 12th) were included. Content analysis of the textbooks was conducted based on Krippendorf framework using FNLIT component checklist. The reliability assessment using Holsti method was 85.29% for elementary school textbooks and 84.78% for junior high school and high school textbooks. Results: The cognitive domain of FNLIT had the highest frequency (92%) within the text, images, and practice questions of the elementary school textbooks, followed by very few references regarding the skill domain (7%). The value-attitude domain was largely unnoticed (1%). In junior high school textbooks, the total number of FNLIT components was 439, of which the cognitive domain of 308 (70.16%) had the highest frequency, followed by the skill domain with 96 units (21.86%), while only 35 units were identified regarding the value-attitude domain (7.97%). In high school textbooks, 342 units of analysis were identified, 82.16% of which were related to cognition, 14.03% value-attitude domain, and only 3.80% were related to the skill domain. Conclusion: Meager attention is given to FNLIT and its components in school textbooks in Iran, especially concerning skill and value-attitude domains.
{"title":"Food and Nutrition Literacy through Formal Education in Iran: A Content Analysis of School Textbooks","authors":"Marzieh Dehghani, N. Omidvar, Azam Doustmohammadian, Z. Tork, Ayoub Arvand","doi":"10.18502/jnfs.v9i1.14841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jnfs.v9i1.14841","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Formal education in any society should foster all aspects of students' growth. However, studying the curriculum of the country academic period indicates null food and nutrition. Nutrition, as an essential factor in the health of students, can play an effective role in their academic progress. This study aimed to analyze the content of school textbooks concerning food and nutrition literacy (FNLIT) concept and its components in Iran. Methods: This study is a content analysis of school textbooks during 2020-2021 academic year. All school textbooks published in 2020 for elementary (grades 1st to 6th), junior high school (grades 7th to 9th), as well as high schools (grades 10th to 12th) were included. Content analysis of the textbooks was conducted based on Krippendorf framework using FNLIT component checklist. The reliability assessment using Holsti method was 85.29% for elementary school textbooks and 84.78% for junior high school and high school textbooks. Results: The cognitive domain of FNLIT had the highest frequency (92%) within the text, images, and practice questions of the elementary school textbooks, followed by very few references regarding the skill domain (7%). The value-attitude domain was largely unnoticed (1%). In junior high school textbooks, the total number of FNLIT components was 439, of which the cognitive domain of 308 (70.16%) had the highest frequency, followed by the skill domain with 96 units (21.86%), while only 35 units were identified regarding the value-attitude domain (7.97%). In high school textbooks, 342 units of analysis were identified, 82.16% of which were related to cognition, 14.03% value-attitude domain, and only 3.80% were related to the skill domain. Conclusion: Meager attention is given to FNLIT and its components in school textbooks in Iran, especially concerning skill and value-attitude domains.","PeriodicalId":32114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Food Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139867613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Evidence suggests that dietary micronutrients may be associated with depression. The role of selenium as a risk or protective factor for depression was contradictory. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between serum selenium concentrations and depression. Methods: This case-control study was conducted from 2018 to 2020 in Shahrekord, Iran. The case and control groups included patients with or without depression, respectively. Seventy-two participants were selected using the conventional method. In addition to recording demographic variables, the blood selenium concentration of the participants was measured. Results: There was no difference between case and control groups in terms of mean levels of blood selenium (P>0.05). Results showed that there was no statistically significant interaction between the effects of gender and group (P=0.51), age and group (P=0.13), Body mass index (BMI) and group (P=0.52) on blood selenium concentrations. However, females had significantly more selenium concentrations than males in both groups (P=0.005). Conclusion: Despite some confirming evidence for the association of depression and blood selenium concentration, this study did not show such a relationship. However, blood selenium concentration was higher in women than men in both groups.
{"title":"Selenium Concentrations in Patients with Depression: A Case-Control Study","authors":"Elham Zarean, Pardis Sadeghi, Tina Jafari, Afsaneh Malekpour Tehrani, Samaneh Torkian","doi":"10.18502/jnfs.v9i1.14840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jnfs.v9i1.14840","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Evidence suggests that dietary micronutrients may be associated with depression. The role of selenium as a risk or protective factor for depression was contradictory. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between serum selenium concentrations and depression. Methods: This case-control study was conducted from 2018 to 2020 in Shahrekord, Iran. The case and control groups included patients with or without depression, respectively. Seventy-two participants were selected using the conventional method. In addition to recording demographic variables, the blood selenium concentration of the participants was measured. Results: There was no difference between case and control groups in terms of mean levels of blood selenium (P>0.05). Results showed that there was no statistically significant interaction between the effects of gender and group (P=0.51), age and group (P=0.13), Body mass index (BMI) and group (P=0.52) on blood selenium concentrations. However, females had significantly more selenium concentrations than males in both groups (P=0.005). Conclusion: Despite some confirming evidence for the association of depression and blood selenium concentration, this study did not show such a relationship. However, blood selenium concentration was higher in women than men in both groups.","PeriodicalId":32114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Food Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139868152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-03DOI: 10.18502/jnfs.v9i1.14838
Reza Rahimirigi, Masoud Fehresti-Sani, Ahmad Fatahi, Mohammadreza Pakravan
Background: Food security and productivity are very important variables that affect social welfare and production level. Since a large proportion of employees in Semirom are engaged in apple gardening, this study aims to investigate the effect of increasing the productivity of all factors of apple production in improving the level of food security in Semirom city. Methods: In order to answer the research questions, using Cochran's formula, 139 gardeners were selected and the required data were collected through interviews and completing a questionnaire by cluster sampling in 2020. First, the productivity of all factors of production and the level of food security of the surveyed households were measured using the Household Food Insecurity Access (HFIA) index. Results: The results of this analysis showed that gardeners are not in a good food security situation. Then, using Shazam software and estimating the coefficients of the variables in the logit model, the relationship between productivity and food security was investigated. The results showed that productivity had a positive and significant effect on food security of the studied farmers. Based on the final effect, the variables of productivity, income, and savings had the greatest effect on food security of the farmers. In order to create more employment and increase income for gardeners and their families, apple-related processing industries should be established. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that apple gardeners of Semirom do not have good food security. It is recommended that younger people be educated by experienced farmers in the region.
{"title":"The Relationship between Food Security and Total Factor Productivity in Apple Producers in Semirom","authors":"Reza Rahimirigi, Masoud Fehresti-Sani, Ahmad Fatahi, Mohammadreza Pakravan","doi":"10.18502/jnfs.v9i1.14838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jnfs.v9i1.14838","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Food security and productivity are very important variables that affect social welfare and production level. Since a large proportion of employees in Semirom are engaged in apple gardening, this study aims to investigate the effect of increasing the productivity of all factors of apple production in improving the level of food security in Semirom city. Methods: In order to answer the research questions, using Cochran's formula, 139 gardeners were selected and the required data were collected through interviews and completing a questionnaire by cluster sampling in 2020. First, the productivity of all factors of production and the level of food security of the surveyed households were measured using the Household Food Insecurity Access (HFIA) index. Results: The results of this analysis showed that gardeners are not in a good food security situation. Then, using Shazam software and estimating the coefficients of the variables in the logit model, the relationship between productivity and food security was investigated. The results showed that productivity had a positive and significant effect on food security of the studied farmers. Based on the final effect, the variables of productivity, income, and savings had the greatest effect on food security of the farmers. In order to create more employment and increase income for gardeners and their families, apple-related processing industries should be established. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that apple gardeners of Semirom do not have good food security. It is recommended that younger people be educated by experienced farmers in the region.","PeriodicalId":32114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Food Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139868460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-03DOI: 10.18502/jnfs.v9i1.14844
Zahra Veysi, Azadeh Dehghani, Mahnaz Sanjari, Z. Maghbooli, K. Mirzaei
Background: There is a high prevalence of perceived stress among nurses. Recent studies have shown that omega-3 fatty acids and genetic variants contribute to perceived stress. This study aimed to examine interactions between vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene FokI polymorphism and omega-3 fatty acids on perceived stress score and serum cortisol levels in nurses. Methods: A total of 268 Iranian nurses (248 women; 20 men) participated in this cross-sectional study. Omega-3 fatty acids and perceived stress score of participants were evaluated using a 3-day food record and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)-10, respectively. Serum cortisol concentrations were evaluated by ELISA. VDR FokI polymorphism was genotyped using the restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Results: No significant relationship was found between omega-3 fatty acids with perceived stress score or cortisol level in FF genotype carriers, but lower intake of PUFA was related to higher cortisol level (P=0.04) in Ff carriers. Significant interactions were observed between VDR FOKI polymorphism and intakes of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (P Interaction=0.06), linoleic acid (P Interaction=0.06), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (P Interaction=0.06) on serum cortisol, so that lower intake of EPA, linoleic acid, and DHA was associated with an increase in cortisol levels in individuals with ff genotype. Moreover, in carriers of ff genotype, lower intake of EPA was related to the elevated perceived stress score (P Interaction=0.06). Conclusion: FokI polymorphism interacts with omega-3 fatty acids (EPA, linoleic acid, and DHA) to increase cortisol level and with EPA to increase perceived stress score in nurses.
{"title":"Interaction of Vitamin D Receptor Gene FokI Variants and Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Perceived Stress Score and Serum Cortisol Levels in Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Zahra Veysi, Azadeh Dehghani, Mahnaz Sanjari, Z. Maghbooli, K. Mirzaei","doi":"10.18502/jnfs.v9i1.14844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jnfs.v9i1.14844","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There is a high prevalence of perceived stress among nurses. Recent studies have shown that omega-3 fatty acids and genetic variants contribute to perceived stress. This study aimed to examine interactions between vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene FokI polymorphism and omega-3 fatty acids on perceived stress score and serum cortisol levels in nurses. Methods: A total of 268 Iranian nurses (248 women; 20 men) participated in this cross-sectional study. Omega-3 fatty acids and perceived stress score of participants were evaluated using a 3-day food record and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)-10, respectively. Serum cortisol concentrations were evaluated by ELISA. VDR FokI polymorphism was genotyped using the restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Results: No significant relationship was found between omega-3 fatty acids with perceived stress score or cortisol level in FF genotype carriers, but lower intake of PUFA was related to higher cortisol level (P=0.04) in Ff carriers. Significant interactions were observed between VDR FOKI polymorphism and intakes of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (P Interaction=0.06), linoleic acid (P Interaction=0.06), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (P Interaction=0.06) on serum cortisol, so that lower intake of EPA, linoleic acid, and DHA was associated with an increase in cortisol levels in individuals with ff genotype. Moreover, in carriers of ff genotype, lower intake of EPA was related to the elevated perceived stress score (P Interaction=0.06). Conclusion: FokI polymorphism interacts with omega-3 fatty acids (EPA, linoleic acid, and DHA) to increase cortisol level and with EPA to increase perceived stress score in nurses.","PeriodicalId":32114,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nutrition and Food Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139867940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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