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2015 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO)最新文献

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Improvements of robot positioning accuracy and drilling perpendicularity for autonomous drilling robot system 自主钻孔机器人系统中机器人定位精度和钻孔垂直度的提高
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ROBIO.2015.7418980
Minqing Lin, Peijiang Yuan, H. Tan, Yuanwei Liu, Qiancheng Zhu, Yong Li
The low accuracy of Autonomous Drilling Robot System (ADRS) has precluded their usage in aircraft assembly. Aiming at improving the accuracy of ADRS, three efforts are made in this paper. Firstly, a novel surface normal measurement and attitude adjusting method are proposed to guarantee the perpendicularity of holes. Secondly, an improvement compensation method is made for absolute positioning accuracy of industrial robot by using Gauss-Newton method. Thirdly, during the calibration of tool center point(TCP), which is one of the key technologies of offline programming control system, two balls are used in this method to solve the problem of low accuracy and inefficiency of traditional method using pointed end. Finally, both simulations and experiments are conducted to test the effect of the improvements and the results prove the improvements are effective.
自主钻井机器人系统(ADRS)精度低,阻碍了其在飞机装配中的应用。为了提高adr的准确性,本文做了三方面的努力。首先,提出一种新的表面法向测量和姿态调整方法,以保证孔的垂直度;其次,采用高斯-牛顿法对工业机器人的绝对定位精度进行了改进补偿。再次,在离线编程控制系统的关键技术之一——刀具中心点标定中,该方法采用了两个球,解决了传统尖端标定方法精度低、效率低的问题。最后,通过仿真和实验验证了改进的效果,结果证明了改进的有效性。
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引用次数: 4
Using a weighted pseudo-inverse matrix to generate upper body motion for a humanoid robot doing household tasks 基于加权伪逆矩阵的类人机器人上肢运动生成方法
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ROBIO.2015.7418789
Satoki Tsuichihara, Akihiko Yamaguchi, J. Takamatsu, T. Ogasawara
With an an aging society, service robots are expected to help elderly people with self-support. Service robots working in daily live must handle modifications of the environment, which naturally happens and still finish tasks quickly to satisfy people. In this research, we described a dual arm inverse kinematics with visual feedback mechanism. We solve the issue in a certain quickness using a weighted pseudo inverse matrix and pipeline calculation originated from OpenRTM. The weight helps the stability in standing, while not paying much calculation time. We verified the effectiveness of the proposed method by evaluating stability from divergence of the ZMP.
随着老龄化社会的到来,服务机器人有望帮助老年人自力更生。在日常生活中工作的服务机器人必须处理自然发生的环境变化,并且仍然能够快速完成任务以满足人们的需求。在本研究中,我们描述了一种具有视觉反馈机制的双臂逆运动学。我们利用OpenRTM的加权伪逆矩阵和管道计算,以一定的速度解决了这个问题。重量有助于站立时的稳定性,同时不需要花费太多的计算时间。通过对ZMP散度的稳定性评价,验证了该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 3
An intent inference based dynamic obstacle avoidance method for intelligent vehicle in structured environment 结构化环境下基于意图推理的智能车辆动态避障方法
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ROBIO.2015.7418977
Rulin Huang, Huawei Liang, Jiajia Chen, Pan Zhao, Mingbo Du
In this paper, a novel intent inference based dynamic obstacle avoidance method is described that is effective for both normal moving obstacles and maneuvering obstacles, therefore taking advantages of information from different sensors and electronic map. Unlike many of the methods discussed in literature our approach is based on inferring the intent of moving obstacles. It avoids the prediction of accurate maneuvering trajectories which usually fails as the motion is nonlinear and difficult to be modeled. With this method, the performance of dynamic obstacle avoidance is improved which enables the intelligent vehicle to navigate autonomously among moving obstacles. A linear model is used when no maneuver intent is detected and, otherwise, the intent of changing lane is inferred by combing its dynamic features and the road structure when the obstacle is maneuvering. Then a potential collision point will be worked out and avoided to ensure the intelligent vehicle collision free. Experiments show that our method bears significant performance.
本文利用不同传感器和电子地图的信息,提出了一种基于意图推理的动态避障方法,该方法对正常移动障碍物和机动障碍物都有效。与文献中讨论的许多方法不同,我们的方法是基于推断移动障碍物的意图。它避免了由于运动非线性和难以建模而无法准确预测机动轨迹的问题。该方法提高了智能车辆的动态避障性能,实现了智能车辆在移动障碍物之间的自主导航。当检测不到机动意图时,采用线性模型;当检测不到机动意图时,结合障碍物的动态特征和道路结构推断障碍物的变道意图。然后计算出潜在的碰撞点并避免碰撞,以保证智能汽车的无碰撞。实验表明,该方法具有良好的性能。
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引用次数: 5
Research on a novel inspection robot mechanism for power transmission lines 一种新型输电线路巡检机器人机构研究
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ROBIO.2015.7419102
Xiang Yue, Hongguang Wang, Yong Jiang, N. Xi, J. Xu
A novel mechanism for power transmission line inspection robot is presented according to the requirements of inspection tasks and characteristics of obstacles on power lines. Its configuration is introduced, and the kinematics equations and statics model are established. Then, the motion sequences for crossing the strain clamp are planned. Furthermore, the simulation of the navigation of the strain clamp has been carried out. The simulation results demonstrate that the mechanism has such characteristics as good motion stability, strong loading capacity and excellent obstacle negotiation capability.
根据巡检任务的要求和电力线上障碍物的特点,提出了一种新型的输电线路巡检机器人机构。介绍了其结构,建立了运动学方程和静力学模型。然后,规划了跨应变夹的运动序列。在此基础上,对应变夹的导航进行了仿真。仿真结果表明,该机构具有运动稳定性好、承载能力强、越障能力强等特点。
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引用次数: 6
Design analysis of a 3-DOF cable-driven variable-stiffness joint module 一种三自由度缆索驱动变刚度关节模块的设计分析
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ROBIO.2015.7418822
Kaisheng Yang, Guilin Yang, Jun Wang, Tianjiang Zheng, Wei Yang
Variable-stiffness manipulators can produce intrinsically-safe motions, which are essential for next generation service robots. In this paper, the design analysis of a 3-DOF cable-driven joint module with variable stiffness is proposed. To achieve significant change of the stiffness, a flexure-based variable-stiffness device is serially connected to each of the cables. Due to the existence of redundant actuation, the stiffness of the joint module is controlled by regulating the cable tensions. To this end, the relationship between the stiffness matrix of the joint module and the cable tensions has been formulated and analyzed. Simulation examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed stiffness evaluation algorithm.
变刚度机械臂可以产生本质安全的运动,这对下一代服务机器人是必不可少的。本文提出了一种三自由度变刚度索驱动关节模块的设计分析方法。为了实现刚度的显著变化,将基于挠曲的变刚度装置串联到每根电缆上。由于冗余作动的存在,通过调节索张力来控制连接模块的刚度。为此,推导并分析了节点模组刚度矩阵与索张力之间的关系。仿真算例说明了所提出的刚度评估算法的有效性。
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引用次数: 10
Evolving hidden Markov model based human intention learning and inference 基于人类意图学习和推理的隐马尔可夫模型
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ROBIO.2015.7418768
Tingting Liu, Jiaole Wang, M. Meng
To effectively facilitate human robot cooperation, human intention should be recognized by robot accurately and effectively. Teaching the robot human intentions in advance could be well suitable for a static environment with limited tasks. Nevertheless, in an dynamic environment that requires task update, the pre-teaching approach cannot satisfy the evolving knowledge of human intention. The unknown human intentions which have not been taught in advance, will not be understood by robot. This problem limits the human robot cooperation in a real dynamic environment. In this paper, we proposed a human intention learning and inference method to improve the intuitive cooperative capability of the robot. An evolving hidden Markov model (EHMM) approach has been developed to learn and infer human intentions according to the observation. Assembly tasks with ten different configurations have been designed and simulation experiments were carried out. Four assembly configurations have been used for known human intention recognition experiment and six configurations have been used for unknown human intention learning and inference experiment. The accurate and robust results obtained from the experiments have shown the feasibility of the proposed EHMM for human intention learning and inference.
为了有效地促进人与机器人的合作,机器人需要准确有效地识别人的意图。提前告诉机器人人类的意图可能非常适合于任务有限的静态环境。然而,在一个需要任务更新的动态环境中,教学前的方法不能满足不断变化的人类意图知识。人类的未知意图,如果没有事先被告知,机器人是无法理解的。这一问题限制了人与机器人在真实动态环境中的合作。在本文中,我们提出了一种人类意图学习和推理方法来提高机器人的直觉合作能力。一种不断发展的隐马尔可夫模型(EHMM)方法可以根据观察来学习和推断人类的意图。设计了十种不同构型的装配任务,并进行了仿真实验。已知的人类意图识别实验使用了四种装配构型,未知的人类意图学习和推理实验使用了六种装配构型。实验结果的准确性和鲁棒性证明了所提出的EHMM用于人类意图学习和推理的可行性。
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引用次数: 4
A novel extrinsic calibration method for robotic systems with structured light sensors 结构光传感器机器人系统的一种新的外部标定方法
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ROBIO.2015.7419109
Zhichao Cui, Yuehu Liu, Xinzhao Li
The extrinsic calibration for robotic systems with structured light sensor is fundamental to accomplish the tasks of 3D measurement, reverse engineering and quality inspection. In this paper, we proposed a cuboid calibration target with nicks on the surfaces which is easy to extract the control points. In the calibration process, both least square method and the nonlinear optimization based on maximum likelihood criterion are utilized. The degenerate configuration is discussed for non-singularity solution. Both simulation and real data are utilized for robustness test of the algorithm and the experiment shows that the proposed method has 0.6 mm RMS errors of control points. Compared to the existed methods, the proposed method has the advantages of small error, simple operation and high flexibility.
结构光传感器机器人系统的外部标定是完成三维测量、逆向工程和质量检测任务的基础。本文提出了一种易于提取控制点的带有刻痕的长方体标定目标。在标定过程中,采用了最小二乘法和基于极大似然准则的非线性优化方法。讨论了非奇异解的简并构型。利用仿真和实际数据对算法进行鲁棒性检验,实验表明,该方法控制点的均方根误差为0.6 mm。与现有方法相比,该方法具有误差小、操作简单、灵活性高等优点。
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引用次数: 0
Kinematic visual servoing based regulation of quadrotors on a predefined marker 基于运动视觉伺服的四旋翼在预定义标记上的调节
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ROBIO.2015.7418950
Kai Wang, Penghong Lin
The visual servoing based regulation of quadrotors has been an attractive topic over the past decade, and a lot of controllers are proposed for this challenging problem. The regulation controller proposed in this paper follows the Position Based Visual Servoing (PBVS) paradigm. Most of the PBVS controllers, if not all, are implemented assuming the position of the quadrotor with reference to the marker has been accurately recovered with an independent observer/estimator. Therefore the rigorous regulation stability cannot be promised due to the separation principle does not hold for the general nonlinear systems. Accordingly, a new PBVS controller is proposed in this paper for the regulation of quadrotors by embedding a novel adaptive estimator into this new controller to estimate the position of the quadrotor online. It is proved by Lyapunov theory that the proposed adaptive PBVS controller gives rise to the asymptotic regulation and the convergence of the estimated position to the actual one. An experiment is conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed controller.
近十年来,基于视觉伺服的四旋翼飞行器控制一直是一个很有吸引力的研究课题,针对这一具有挑战性的问题,提出了许多控制器。本文提出的调节控制器遵循基于位置的视觉伺服(PBVS)范式。大多数PBVS控制器,如果不是全部,都是假设参考标记的四旋翼飞行器的位置已经用独立的观测器/估计器准确地恢复。由于分离原理对一般非线性系统不成立,因此不能保证系统具有严格的调节稳定性。因此,本文提出了一种新的PBVS控制器,通过在该控制器中嵌入一种新的自适应估计器来在线估计四旋翼飞行器的位置。通过Lyapunov理论证明了所提出的自适应PBVS控制器具有渐近调节和估计位置收敛于实际位置的特性。通过实验验证了所提控制器的有效性。
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引用次数: 2
Data glove control of robot hand with force telepresence 力临场感机械手的数据手套控制
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ROBIO.2015.7418786
Yixin Wang, Wenzeng Zhang
Force and touch telepresence has an important effect on robot hand controlling. When controlling humanoid robotic hand has data glove, the movement of robot hand appeared to be rigid because of the lack of touch telepresence. The movement of humanoid robot hand would be more flexible if tactile equipment was installed on data glove. There are two important requirements in tactile equipment of data glove, that is to say the structure of equipment must be compact. Too much complexity would lower the reliability of data glove, on the other hand, and the equipment must simulate the touch telepresence as actual as possible, which would influence the realness of the operation directly. In order to balance the structure of the data glove and the realness of tactile simulation, a new system that could build tactile telepresence between robot hand and human hand has been designed and manufactured, including a data glove and a humanoid robot hand. The data glove has 12 attitude transducers on the back and 14 groups of silica gel electrodes to irritate human hand by electrical pulses and simulate the touch telepresence. The humanoid robot hand use cord to transmit the motion which has 13 servo to control the movement of each joint accurately and 14 accurate pressure sensor to assess the grab situation.
力和触觉临场感对机器人手部控制有重要影响。当使用数据手套控制人形机械手时,由于缺乏触觉临场呈现,机械手的运动显得僵硬。如果在数据手套上安装触觉设备,仿人机械手的运动将更加灵活。数据手套的触觉设备有两个重要的要求,即设备的结构必须紧凑。另一方面,过于复杂会降低数据手套的可靠性,设备必须尽可能真实地模拟触控临场感,这将直接影响操作的真实感。为了平衡数据手套的结构和触觉模拟的真实感,设计并制造了一种新的机器人手和人的手之间的触觉远程呈现系统,包括数据手套和仿人机器人手。数据手套背面有12个姿态传感器和14组硅胶电极,通过电脉冲刺激人手,模拟触感远程呈现。仿人机械手用绳传递运动,有13个伺服器精确控制每个关节的运动,有14个精确的压力传感器评估抓取情况。
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引用次数: 6
An independent life support robot for the lower-limb handicapped and elderly: Task-intention-identification and assistive-motion-planning algorithms 一种用于下肢残疾人和老年人的独立生命维持机器人:任务意图识别和辅助运动规划算法
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/ROBIO.2015.7418930
Bo Shen, Shuoyu Wang
To provide support for the lower-limb handicapped and elderly with lower-limb weakness, an Independent Life Support Robot (ILSR) has been under development in our laboratory. In this study, we first introduce the kinematics model of the ILSR. Second, we provide a brief introduction to Activities of Daily Life (ADLs) that require support for lower limb handicapped and elderly. Third, we propose an ILSR identification method for task intention in daily life and an assistive-motion-planning ILSR method to provide complementary mobility functions for the lower-limb handicapped and elderly. Finally, we discuss the effectiveness of our proposed method as demonstrated in experiments in which a series of cleaning tasks were performed.
为了为下肢残疾和下肢无力的老年人提供支持,我们实验室正在开发一种独立生命支持机器人(ILSR)。在本研究中,我们首先介绍了ILSR的运动学模型。其次,我们简要介绍了日常生活活动(ADLs)需要支持的下肢残疾人和老年人。第三,我们提出了一种日常生活任务意图的ILSR识别方法和一种辅助运动规划的ILSR方法,为下肢残疾人和老年人提供补充的行动功能。最后,我们讨论了我们提出的方法的有效性,并在实验中证明了一系列的清洁任务。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
2015 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO)
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