Pub Date : 2023-03-22DOI: 10.1163/27727882-bja00002
Stellan Vinthagen
This article advocates a system-critical approach to pacifism and nonviolence studies, one that affirms a liberation-oriented praxis that mobilizes revolutionary pacifism and nonviolence. Liberation from violence needs to be a multi-dimensional, multi-scalar and continuous process, at least based on three interconnected dimensions: (1) transdisciplinary knowledge-making through cooperation between different traditions of liberation, facilitating (2) creative combinations of self-transformation, constructive programs and resistance, and mobilizing through (3) translocal and intersectional network collaborations between communities. Such a Praxis of Emerging Liberations would be relevant for those most targeted by systemic violence and for ongoing struggles for a just peace and against a multitude of increasing threats including militarized nationalism, the proliferation of racism and whiteness, the acute climate crisis and ecocide, the imperialism of capital, neocolonialism, and weaponized heteropatriachy. This recommendation involves returning to the Gandhian roots of nonviolence, rejecting much of the mainstreaming of the academic field in recent decades.
{"title":"Praxis of Emerging Liberations: a Transdisciplinary Knowledge-Making of How to Liberate Within-Against-and-Beyond Systems of Violence","authors":"Stellan Vinthagen","doi":"10.1163/27727882-bja00002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/27727882-bja00002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article advocates a system-critical approach to pacifism and nonviolence studies, one that affirms a liberation-oriented praxis that mobilizes revolutionary pacifism and nonviolence. Liberation from violence needs to be a multi-dimensional, multi-scalar and continuous process, at least based on three interconnected dimensions: (1) transdisciplinary knowledge-making through cooperation between different traditions of liberation, facilitating (2) creative combinations of self-transformation, constructive programs and resistance, and mobilizing through (3) translocal and intersectional network collaborations between communities. Such a Praxis of Emerging Liberations would be relevant for those most targeted by systemic violence and for ongoing struggles for a just peace and against a multitude of increasing threats including militarized nationalism, the proliferation of racism and whiteness, the acute climate crisis and ecocide, the imperialism of capital, neocolonialism, and weaponized heteropatriachy. This recommendation involves returning to the Gandhian roots of nonviolence, rejecting much of the mainstreaming of the academic field in recent decades.","PeriodicalId":326032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pacifism and Nonviolence","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127152815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-22DOI: 10.1163/27727882-bja00005
D. Cady
Why is it time to take pacifism and nonviolence studies more seriously? I attempt to show that pacifism and nonviolence studies are not only helpful but are necessary to understand and root out a presumption about violence that has persisted throughout human history, a presumption through which the vast majority of humans on earth experience our world. I am referring to the seemingly universal human inclination to take violence for granted as a necessary – even moral – means for human thriving, safety, and progress. We are told that it is human nature to fight or flee danger. In what follows I explore the possibility that fighting and fleeing may not be natural but cultural, and that they may not exhaust human options in response to danger. I then discuss the presumption of violence and consider the role of pacifist and nonviolence studies in analyzing and even deconstructing it by exploring a reasonable alternative view.
{"title":"A Time – and a Project – for Pacifism and Nonviolence Studies","authors":"D. Cady","doi":"10.1163/27727882-bja00005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/27727882-bja00005","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Why is it time to take pacifism and nonviolence studies more seriously? I attempt to show that pacifism and nonviolence studies are not only helpful but are necessary to understand and root out a presumption about violence that has persisted throughout human history, a presumption through which the vast majority of humans on earth experience our world. I am referring to the seemingly universal human inclination to take violence for granted as a necessary – even moral – means for human thriving, safety, and progress. We are told that it is human nature to fight or flee danger. In what follows I explore the possibility that fighting and fleeing may not be natural but cultural, and that they may not exhaust human options in response to danger. I then discuss the presumption of violence and consider the role of pacifist and nonviolence studies in analyzing and even deconstructing it by exploring a reasonable alternative view.","PeriodicalId":326032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pacifism and Nonviolence","volume":"32 12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124537766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-22DOI: 10.1163/27727882-bja00003
T. Väyrynen
The shared materiality of all living entities on the planet and their connectivity becomes an invitation to rethink pacifism to explore new forms of being in the world. This paper asks how we can think about the environment, violence, and pacifism when the older conceptions of violence do not capture all of its complex and interrelational features in the Anthropocene. Feminist new materialism moves away from anthropocentrism and offers an alternative trajectory for thinking about the environment and practicing pacifism in light of environmental, slow, and epistemic violence. It emphasises that since we are always already part of the world and thereby ethically responsible for the intra-actions we share with all beings, we bear a ‘response-ability’ (Barad 2012, 206–207). As a radical theory and practice, feminist environmental pacifism makes visible the violent socio-political complexities of human – nature connections and suggests caring about earthly co-existence with all beings.
{"title":"Feminist Ecological Pacifism and Care in the Anthropocene","authors":"T. Väyrynen","doi":"10.1163/27727882-bja00003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/27727882-bja00003","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The shared materiality of all living entities on the planet and their connectivity becomes an invitation to rethink pacifism to explore new forms of being in the world. This paper asks how we can think about the environment, violence, and pacifism when the older conceptions of violence do not capture all of its complex and interrelational features in the Anthropocene. Feminist new materialism moves away from anthropocentrism and offers an alternative trajectory for thinking about the environment and practicing pacifism in light of environmental, slow, and epistemic violence. It emphasises that since we are always already part of the world and thereby ethically responsible for the intra-actions we share with all beings, we bear a ‘response-ability’ (Barad 2012, 206–207). As a radical theory and practice, feminist environmental pacifism makes visible the violent socio-political complexities of human – nature connections and suggests caring about earthly co-existence with all beings.","PeriodicalId":326032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pacifism and Nonviolence","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122201103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-22DOI: 10.1163/27727882-bja00012
Neta C. Crawford
Pacifism and nonviolence are ethical, political, and practical policy/strategy arguments that articulate alternative visions of politics, security, and social relations. They bring different perspectives to the problem of aggression and resistance to it, such as in the Ukraine war, and to the longer term climate crisis. Because pacifism and the potential efficacy of nonviolent action challenge militarist assertions about the morality and effectiveness of military force, they provide tools for an effective critique of the war system, not only at the fringes where one is debating policy alternatives, but at the core. Research should explore the spectrum of pacifism and nonviolence—from peaceful societies to nonviolent direct action and defensive defense. The non-participation of US soldiers in the Sand Creek Massacre illustrates both the bravery and limits of non-participation and the potential importance of the philosophical links between pacifism and cognate movements in shaping the motivation to resist violence.
{"title":"The Critical Challenge of Pacifism and Nonviolent Resistance Then and Now: From Sand Creek, and Ukraine to Climate Change","authors":"Neta C. Crawford","doi":"10.1163/27727882-bja00012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/27727882-bja00012","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Pacifism and nonviolence are ethical, political, and practical policy/strategy arguments that articulate alternative visions of politics, security, and social relations. They bring different perspectives to the problem of aggression and resistance to it, such as in the Ukraine war, and to the longer term climate crisis. Because pacifism and the potential efficacy of nonviolent action challenge militarist assertions about the morality and effectiveness of military force, they provide tools for an effective critique of the war system, not only at the fringes where one is debating policy alternatives, but at the core. Research should explore the spectrum of pacifism and nonviolence—from peaceful societies to nonviolent direct action and defensive defense. The non-participation of US soldiers in the Sand Creek Massacre illustrates both the bravery and limits of non-participation and the potential importance of the philosophical links between pacifism and cognate movements in shaping the motivation to resist violence.","PeriodicalId":326032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pacifism and Nonviolence","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127564796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-22DOI: 10.1163/27727882-bja00007
Lee-Ann Chae
How should we talk to children about war? The basic story we tell them is that the world is split into good guys and bad guys, and that sometimes we have to kill the bad guys for the sake of justice. These stories of heroic killing teach children to train their attention on violence, and to interpret that violence as just or good. I show how this basic story – which also motivates much of our philosophical thinking about the morality of war and killing, mostly notably just war theory – makes it difficult for us to consider and evaluate pacific alternatives. If we are to give children the space to develop their imagination, so that they can more genuinely engage with the possibilities of nonviolence and peace, then we must learn to tell a different story.
{"title":"Talking to Children About War","authors":"Lee-Ann Chae","doi":"10.1163/27727882-bja00007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/27727882-bja00007","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000How should we talk to children about war? The basic story we tell them is that the world is split into good guys and bad guys, and that sometimes we have to kill the bad guys for the sake of justice. These stories of heroic killing teach children to train their attention on violence, and to interpret that violence as just or good. I show how this basic story – which also motivates much of our philosophical thinking about the morality of war and killing, mostly notably just war theory – makes it difficult for us to consider and evaluate pacific alternatives. If we are to give children the space to develop their imagination, so that they can more genuinely engage with the possibilities of nonviolence and peace, then we must learn to tell a different story.","PeriodicalId":326032,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pacifism and Nonviolence","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114332137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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