Mohammed Samiullah, R. Khanum, Tanzim Khan, Mohaimin ul Kabir, Istiak Ibne Rouf, Sharmin Nahar Nipa
Climate change & nourishment security are closely related challenges with basic proposition for around the world common sense & human well-being. This comprehensive report investigates the complex relationship between climate alter & nourishment security, analyzing around the world plans & territorial contrasts. This paper synthesizes existing look at, exploratory information, & case considers supplying bits of data into the exuberant sagaciously between climate change, common adequacy, nourishment scrambling systems, & socio-economic weakness. This think looks at the reasonability of current modification techniques, evaluates the socio-economic & political components behind territorial unbalanced nature, & recognizes openings to make strides the adaptability of nourishment frameworks around the world. This think nearly gives a nuanced understanding of the challenges climate alter positions to around the world nourishment security by joining quantitative examination of nursery gas radiations & modification strategies with subjective bits of data from adjacent communities. The divulgences highlight the essential requirement for concerted activity at neighborhood, national & around the world levels to create climate-resilient & doable nourishment frameworks.
{"title":"The Nexus Between Climate Change & Food Security: A Comprehensive Review of Global Trends & Regional Disparities","authors":"Mohammed Samiullah, R. Khanum, Tanzim Khan, Mohaimin ul Kabir, Istiak Ibne Rouf, Sharmin Nahar Nipa","doi":"10.20849/jess.v7i1.1431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20849/jess.v7i1.1431","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change & nourishment security are closely related challenges with basic proposition for around the world common sense & human well-being. This comprehensive report investigates the complex relationship between climate alter & nourishment security, analyzing around the world plans & territorial contrasts. This paper synthesizes existing look at, exploratory information, & case considers supplying bits of data into the exuberant sagaciously between climate change, common adequacy, nourishment scrambling systems, & socio-economic weakness. This think looks at the reasonability of current modification techniques, evaluates the socio-economic & political components behind territorial unbalanced nature, & recognizes openings to make strides the adaptability of nourishment frameworks around the world. This think nearly gives a nuanced understanding of the challenges climate alter positions to around the world nourishment security by joining quantitative examination of nursery gas radiations & modification strategies with subjective bits of data from adjacent communities. The divulgences highlight the essential requirement for concerted activity at neighborhood, national & around the world levels to create climate-resilient & doable nourishment frameworks.","PeriodicalId":326567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science Studies","volume":"46 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141111021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Edjere, Efe Jeffery Isukuru, Nwafor Anwulika Chizoba, Usanga Idopiseabasi Edet, Nwachukwu Ubazuo Alfred
Phthalate esters (PAEs), a group of chemical compounds, are extensively used as additives in plastics. The objective of this study was to determine how much of a few target PAEs have leached into various samples of drinking water packaged in PET bottles in Effurun, Delta State, Nigeria as well as how ambient temperature, sunshine exposure, and cold storage conditions have affected the concentration of PAE. The concentrations of Di-ethyl-phthalate (DEP), di-butyl-phthalates (DBP), benzyl-butyl-phthalate (BBP), di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP), and Bis-(2-ethyl-hexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were determined in bottled water samples. The concentrations of PAEs were determined using a gas chromatography coupled with a mass sepctroscopy analyzer (GC-MS). Phthalate compound was observed to be in all bottled water placed under different storage conditions; cold storage (CW), ambient storage (AW), and sunlight storage (SLW) for a period of 2, 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks. However, the greatest leaching effect was observed in PET bottled water placed sunlight conditions for sixteen weeks with concentrations of; DEHP (2.1-11.2) µg/L, DEP (0.98-3.87) µg/L, DBP (2.98-13.8) µg/L. The results from this study indicated that, under various storage conditions, DEP, DBP and DEHP from PET bottles may leach more into the drinking water over a period of time under different storage conditions. The result additionally gave indication that DEHP; a known endocrine disruptor, with anti-androgenic and possible human carcinogen effects, exceeded the 6 µg/L USEPA Maximum Contamination Level (MCL) in drinking water, and also greater than 8 µg/L which is the indicated MCL by the World Health Organization (WHO).
{"title":"Concentration of Phthalate Esters in Bottled Water: A Case Study in Effurun, Delta State, Nigeria","authors":"O. Edjere, Efe Jeffery Isukuru, Nwafor Anwulika Chizoba, Usanga Idopiseabasi Edet, Nwachukwu Ubazuo Alfred","doi":"10.20849/jess.v6i2.1398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20849/jess.v6i2.1398","url":null,"abstract":"Phthalate esters (PAEs), a group of chemical compounds, are extensively used as additives in plastics. The objective of this study was to determine how much of a few target PAEs have leached into various samples of drinking water packaged in PET bottles in Effurun, Delta State, Nigeria as well as how ambient temperature, sunshine exposure, and cold storage conditions have affected the concentration of PAE. The concentrations of Di-ethyl-phthalate (DEP), di-butyl-phthalates (DBP), benzyl-butyl-phthalate (BBP), di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP), and Bis-(2-ethyl-hexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were determined in bottled water samples. The concentrations of PAEs were determined using a gas chromatography coupled with a mass sepctroscopy analyzer (GC-MS). Phthalate compound was observed to be in all bottled water placed under different storage conditions; cold storage (CW), ambient storage (AW), and sunlight storage (SLW) for a period of 2, 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks. However, the greatest leaching effect was observed in PET bottled water placed sunlight conditions for sixteen weeks with concentrations of; DEHP (2.1-11.2) µg/L, DEP (0.98-3.87) µg/L, DBP (2.98-13.8) µg/L. The results from this study indicated that, under various storage conditions, DEP, DBP and DEHP from PET bottles may leach more into the drinking water over a period of time under different storage conditions. The result additionally gave indication that DEHP; a known endocrine disruptor, with anti-androgenic and possible human carcinogen effects, exceeded the 6 µg/L USEPA Maximum Contamination Level (MCL) in drinking water, and also greater than 8 µg/L which is the indicated MCL by the World Health Organization (WHO).","PeriodicalId":326567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science Studies","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139354533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
During floods, driftwood is generated simultaneously with sediment runoff, may impinge and accumulate on bridge piers. In this case, the water level rises upstream of the bridge, flooding from the river, resulting in major damage, such as overtopping and collapse of houses and bridges. Further, a high velocity flow passing over the pier due to impact of the flow at the upstream face of the pier causes scouring of the river bottom around the pier. In this study, the installation of consecutively assembled boulders was proposed in order to protect against scouring around the pier. A trapezoidal elliptical shape pier was also proposed as a countermeasure to reduce driftwoods capturing. As a comparative study, revetment blocks, which are conventionally used as countermeasure works, were installed. The experimental results revealed that the proposed structure was effective in reducing driftwood deposition and preventing gravel bed scouring, based on analysis using flow velocity with time series variation, vector diagrams, and driftwood model.
{"title":"Experimental Investigation on Countermeasures for Gravel Bed Scouring and Driftwood Deposition Around Pier","authors":"Youichi Yasuda, Toshiki Ishitsuka","doi":"10.20849/jess.v6i2.1395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20849/jess.v6i2.1395","url":null,"abstract":"During floods, driftwood is generated simultaneously with sediment runoff, may impinge and accumulate on bridge piers. In this case, the water level rises upstream of the bridge, flooding from the river, resulting in major damage, such as overtopping and collapse of houses and bridges. Further, a high velocity flow passing over the pier due to impact of the flow at the upstream face of the pier causes scouring of the river bottom around the pier. In this study, the installation of consecutively assembled boulders was proposed in order to protect against scouring around the pier. A trapezoidal elliptical shape pier was also proposed as a countermeasure to reduce driftwoods capturing. As a comparative study, revetment blocks, which are conventionally used as countermeasure works, were installed. The experimental results revealed that the proposed structure was effective in reducing driftwood deposition and preventing gravel bed scouring, based on analysis using flow velocity with time series variation, vector diagrams, and driftwood model.","PeriodicalId":326567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science Studies","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139354749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohamed Ahmed Ahmed, Sanaa M.s. Rasheed, Pashtiwan J. M. Zeebaree, Warhel N. A
The experiment was indicated in the field condition at protected cultivation Department/ in Zakho Technical Institute/Dohuk Polytechnic University, Kurdistan Region/Iraq, during the winter growing season (2021-2022), which aimed to investigate the effectiveness three levels of nano NPK (0, 1 and 2 g l-1) and three level of Zinc fertilizers (0, 2 and 4 g l-1) on growth and yield of two red Cabbage hybrids (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata rubra) plants. Results showed that the Zeina hybrid plants superior to Tropicana hybrid in all parameter weight of plants, number of Leaves per Head, Weight of head, head circumstances, head length and total yield. While the plants treated with and 1 g l-1 nano NPK fertilizers had significantly influenced on number of leaves per head, weight of plants, weight of head, head circumstance, total yield, when compared with control. Additionally, increased concentrations of nano NPK fertilizers sprayed on plants to 2 g l-1 caused a significantly increase of weight of head and stem diameters. Furthermore, the plants sprayed with 4 g l-1 Zinc fertilizers had significantly affected on number of leaves per head, weight of head, stem diameter and total yield. Whereas, head weight and length of head significantly increased when plants treated with 2 g l-1 Zinc fertilizers. Further research is needed to investigate whether the other cabbage cultivar and higher concentrations nano NPK and Zinc fertilizers than used in this research will give the better parameters.
本试验于冬季(2021-2022年)在伊拉克库尔德斯坦地区(Kurdistan Region) Zakho Technical Institute/Dohuk Polytechnic University的保护地栽培部/大田条件下进行，旨在研究纳米氮磷钾(0、1和2 g -1)和锌肥(0、2和4 g -1)对两种杂交红甘蓝(Brassica oleracea L. vara . capitata rubra)植株生长和产量的影响。结果表明，Zeina杂交种在株重、单株叶数、穗重、穗况、穗长和总产量等指标上均优于纯果乐杂交种。与对照相比，1 g -1纳米氮磷钾处理对单株叶片数、株重、穗重、穗况、总产量均有显著影响。此外，将纳米氮磷钾浓度增加到2 g l-1时，穗重和茎粗显著增加。此外，施用4 g l-1锌肥对植株的单株叶数、穗重、茎粗和总产量有显著影响。2 g l-1锌处理显著提高了植株的穗重和穗长。其他白菜品种和施用比本研究浓度更高的纳米氮磷钾和锌肥是否能提供更好的参数，还有待进一步研究。
{"title":"Responses of Two Red Cabbage Hybrids to Nano NPK and Zinc Fertilizers (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata rubra)","authors":"Mohamed Ahmed Ahmed, Sanaa M.s. Rasheed, Pashtiwan J. M. Zeebaree, Warhel N. A","doi":"10.20849/jess.v6i2.1364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20849/jess.v6i2.1364","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment was indicated in the field condition at protected cultivation Department/ in Zakho Technical Institute/Dohuk Polytechnic University, Kurdistan Region/Iraq, during the winter growing season (2021-2022), which aimed to investigate the effectiveness three levels of nano NPK (0, 1 and 2 g l-1) and three level of Zinc fertilizers (0, 2 and 4 g l-1) on growth and yield of two red Cabbage hybrids (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata rubra) plants. Results showed that the Zeina hybrid plants superior to Tropicana hybrid in all parameter weight of plants, number of Leaves per Head, Weight of head, head circumstances, head length and total yield. While the plants treated with and 1 g l-1 nano NPK fertilizers had significantly influenced on number of leaves per head, weight of plants, weight of head, head circumstance, total yield, when compared with control. Additionally, increased concentrations of nano NPK fertilizers sprayed on plants to 2 g l-1 caused a significantly increase of weight of head and stem diameters. Furthermore, the plants sprayed with 4 g l-1 Zinc fertilizers had significantly affected on number of leaves per head, weight of head, stem diameter and total yield. Whereas, head weight and length of head significantly increased when plants treated with 2 g l-1 Zinc fertilizers. Further research is needed to investigate whether the other cabbage cultivar and higher concentrations nano NPK and Zinc fertilizers than used in this research will give the better parameters.","PeriodicalId":326567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science Studies","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124566999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In low-head hydraulic structures, the prevention against local scouring of the river bed downstream of concrete aprons must be required during flood stages. Generally, protection blocks are installed downstream of the apron, but they do not control the flow passing through the blocks to reduce the velocity near the bottom. In most of river fields, the installation of protection blocks may not help protect the river bed. In the case of low drop-structures, hydraulic jump occurs during flood stages just below the drop-structures. The main flow near the bottom continues far downstream, and a local scouring is formed. In the case of the movable weir, a local scouring occurs downstream of the weir during flood stages. There is little information on the countermeasure against the local scouring below the movable weir during flood stages. Recently, the authors proposed the installation of consecutively assembled boulders instead of protection blocks. This paper presents the effect of installing consecutively assembled boulders on the prevention of local scouring for both low drop-structures and movable weirs. The effect of seepage on reducing flow velocity near the bottom has been shown, the comparison between the installation of protection blocks and the installation of consecutively assembled boulders has been discussed. In the case of the movable weir, the flow velocity near the bottom below the protection blocks is always larger than that below the assembled boulders, in which the effect of the deflected flow formation by the support pier is not negligible.
{"title":"Prevention Due to Assembled Boulders Against Local Scouring in Low-head Hydraulic Structures","authors":"Youichi Yasuda, Shuntaro Suzuki","doi":"10.20849/jess.v6i2.1397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20849/jess.v6i2.1397","url":null,"abstract":"In low-head hydraulic structures, the prevention against local scouring of the river bed downstream of concrete aprons must be required during flood stages. Generally, protection blocks are installed downstream of the apron, but they do not control the flow passing through the blocks to reduce the velocity near the bottom. In most of river fields, the installation of protection blocks may not help protect the river bed. In the case of low drop-structures, hydraulic jump occurs during flood stages just below the drop-structures. The main flow near the bottom continues far downstream, and a local scouring is formed. In the case of the movable weir, a local scouring occurs downstream of the weir during flood stages. There is little information on the countermeasure against the local scouring below the movable weir during flood stages. Recently, the authors proposed the installation of consecutively assembled boulders instead of protection blocks. This paper presents the effect of installing consecutively assembled boulders on the prevention of local scouring for both low drop-structures and movable weirs. The effect of seepage on reducing flow velocity near the bottom has been shown, the comparison between the installation of protection blocks and the installation of consecutively assembled boulders has been discussed. In the case of the movable weir, the flow velocity near the bottom below the protection blocks is always larger than that below the assembled boulders, in which the effect of the deflected flow formation by the support pier is not negligible.","PeriodicalId":326567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science Studies","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139354520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There is little information on velocity field of seepage flows. The formation of seepage flow is significant for aquatic habitat including spawning of aquatic animals in river. To create spawning fields in river, the stability of a heaped-up gravels during floods is required for its artificial formation. The velocity measurement of seepage flows is also necessary. This paper presents velocity fields of seepage flows in a heaped-up gravels. The experimental study yields that the heaped-up gravels are stabilized by installing the consecutively assembled boulders on the gravels. Also, small mean velocity and standard deviation are recorded for different discharges. Spectrum analysis reveals that fluctuation velocity of seepage flows depends on the turbulent flow above the heaped-up gravels.
{"title":"Experimental Investigation on Velocity Fields of Seepage Flow Inside Gravel Mount","authors":"Youichi Yasuda, Megumi Uemura","doi":"10.20849/jess.v6i2.1373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20849/jess.v6i2.1373","url":null,"abstract":"There is little information on velocity field of seepage flows. The formation of seepage flow is significant for aquatic habitat including spawning of aquatic animals in river. To create spawning fields in river, the stability of a heaped-up gravels during floods is required for its artificial formation. The velocity measurement of seepage flows is also necessary. This paper presents velocity fields of seepage flows in a heaped-up gravels. The experimental study yields that the heaped-up gravels are stabilized by installing the consecutively assembled boulders on the gravels. Also, small mean velocity and standard deviation are recorded for different discharges. Spectrum analysis reveals that fluctuation velocity of seepage flows depends on the turbulent flow above the heaped-up gravels.","PeriodicalId":326567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science Studies","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139354870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Toan, Nguyen Vo Linh, Truong Quang Quy, Vu Quang Lan, Ngo Thi Be, Nguyen Vo Kien
The proposed area for establishment of Phu Yen Geopark is limited to 6 districts, towns and cities, including: Tuy Hoa City, Dong Hoa provincial town, Tuy An district, Song Cau provincial town and 3 communes, 1 town in Phu Hoa district town, 3 communes in Son Hoa district with an area of 1,575 km2. Distributed in the central coastal line, the area's topography is quite diverse, including mountains, hills, plains and coastal areas, divided into 6 main origin types: 1) Terrain tectonics, volcanoes, architectural erosion, include: The tectonic and cavitation flanks of Pliocene - Quaternary age; Highland ridge, Neogene - highland Quaternary; Surface of the volcanic plateau has an elevation of less than 250 m; Surface of volcanic plateau is 300-400 m high; Cone ridge of Quaternary age crater; Structural eroded slope; Slope erodes edge of dome of the intrusive blocks, quartz fracture zones; 2) Terrain formed by erosion – cavitation, include: Pediple leveled surface, Miocene age 750 - 1100m high; Pediple leveled surface, early Pliocene age 450 - 600 m high; Pediple leveled surface, late Pliocene age 300 – 400 m high; Pediment leveled surface, Late Pliocene - Early Pleistocene age 150 - 250m high; Early - middle Pleistocene pedimen surface, 50 - 120 m high; Cavitation flank; Cavitation flanks of crevices and ditches of Quaternary age; Cavitation – erosion flanks; Collapsed erosion flank in Neogene - Quaternary age; Synthetic erosion flank Neogene - Quaternary age; Abrasion flank Quaternary age; 3) Terrain formed by rivers, include: River shelf level II, late Pleistocene age; River shelf level I, middle Holocene age; River accumulation delta, late Holocene age, early age; River bed and low alluvial ground along the riverbed, late Holocene age, late age; 4) Terrain formed by the sea, include: Abrasion – marine accumulation surface, Early – Middle Pleistocene age; Abrasive seashelf – accumulation level III, late Pleistocene age, early age; Abrasive seashelf – accumulation level II, late Pleistocene age, late age; Sea shelf level I, middle Holocene age, 5-10 m high; Surface of the sand dyke connecting the island, late Holocene age, early age; Modern beaches are flooded with frequent tides; 5) Terrain include:formed by the mixed impact of rivers and sea, include: The river-sea delta (shelf) of the Late Pleistocene age, Late and Middle Holocene age; Modern sea-swamp plain; Modern river-swamp plain; 6) Terrain formed by wind, include: Terrain type of sand dunes with elevation of 15-25 m; The terrain is sandy hill with an altitude of 105 m. Each terrain type is associated with diverse geological heritages: paleontological heritage; geomorphological heritage; stone heritage…
{"title":"Geomorphological Features of the Area to Be Established as a UNESCO Global Geopark in Phu Yen","authors":"N. Toan, Nguyen Vo Linh, Truong Quang Quy, Vu Quang Lan, Ngo Thi Be, Nguyen Vo Kien","doi":"10.20849/jess.v6i1.1354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20849/jess.v6i1.1354","url":null,"abstract":"The proposed area for establishment of Phu Yen Geopark is limited to 6 districts, towns and cities, including: Tuy Hoa City, Dong Hoa provincial town, Tuy An district, Song Cau provincial town and 3 communes, 1 town in Phu Hoa district town, 3 communes in Son Hoa district with an area of 1,575 km2. Distributed in the central coastal line, the area's topography is quite diverse, including mountains, hills, plains and coastal areas, divided into 6 main origin types: 1) Terrain tectonics, volcanoes, architectural erosion, include: The tectonic and cavitation flanks of Pliocene - Quaternary age; Highland ridge, Neogene - highland Quaternary; Surface of the volcanic plateau has an elevation of less than 250 m; Surface of volcanic plateau is 300-400 m high; Cone ridge of Quaternary age crater; Structural eroded slope; Slope erodes edge of dome of the intrusive blocks, quartz fracture zones; 2) Terrain formed by erosion – cavitation, include: Pediple leveled surface, Miocene age 750 - 1100m high; Pediple leveled surface, early Pliocene age 450 - 600 m high; Pediple leveled surface, late Pliocene age 300 – 400 m high; Pediment leveled surface, Late Pliocene - Early Pleistocene age 150 - 250m high; Early - middle Pleistocene pedimen surface, 50 - 120 m high; Cavitation flank; Cavitation flanks of crevices and ditches of Quaternary age; Cavitation – erosion flanks; Collapsed erosion flank in Neogene - Quaternary age; Synthetic erosion flank Neogene - Quaternary age; Abrasion flank Quaternary age; 3) Terrain formed by rivers, include: River shelf level II, late Pleistocene age; River shelf level I, middle Holocene age; River accumulation delta, late Holocene age, early age; River bed and low alluvial ground along the riverbed, late Holocene age, late age; 4) Terrain formed by the sea, include: Abrasion – marine accumulation surface, Early – Middle Pleistocene age; Abrasive seashelf – accumulation level III, late Pleistocene age, early age; Abrasive seashelf – accumulation level II, late Pleistocene age, late age; Sea shelf level I, middle Holocene age, 5-10 m high; Surface of the sand dyke connecting the island, late Holocene age, early age; Modern beaches are flooded with frequent tides; 5) Terrain include:formed by the mixed impact of rivers and sea, include: The river-sea delta (shelf) of the Late Pleistocene age, Late and Middle Holocene age; Modern sea-swamp plain; Modern river-swamp plain; 6) Terrain formed by wind, include: Terrain type of sand dunes with elevation of 15-25 m; The terrain is sandy hill with an altitude of 105 m. Each terrain type is associated with diverse geological heritages: paleontological heritage; geomorphological heritage; stone heritage…","PeriodicalId":326567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science Studies","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131063312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One of the main causes of issues about the today’s situation of technology comes from a big mismatch between the new technology based on quantum mechanics (laws in the micro world) and the old perspective (mechanistic viewpoint in the macro world) for more than a half century. I explain this circumstance and show how to settle this problem by solving the so-called measurement problem of quantum mechanics. These give us a new perspective which unify the laws of macro and micro worlds and bring the current technology into order. To go this way would be to enter by the narrow gate.
{"title":"Enter by the Narrow Gate, for Getting New Perspective to Bring Modern Technology Into Order","authors":"K. Awaya","doi":"10.20849/jess.v6i1.1347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20849/jess.v6i1.1347","url":null,"abstract":"One of the main causes of issues about the today’s situation of technology comes from a big mismatch between the new technology based on quantum mechanics (laws in the micro world) and the old perspective (mechanistic viewpoint in the macro world) for more than a half century. I explain this circumstance and show how to settle this problem by solving the so-called measurement problem of quantum mechanics. These give us a new perspective which unify the laws of macro and micro worlds and bring the current technology into order. To go this way would be to enter by the narrow gate.","PeriodicalId":326567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science Studies","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131664355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Air pollution may contribute to climate change in Indonesia, and it has the potential to undermine national economy over the long term due to the high expenses of dealing with environmental damage. The study's goal was to investigate and assess the impact of the industrial sector's GDRB, the mining sector's GDRB, the agricultural sector's GRDB, the level of education, the level of poverty, the quantity of trash generated, and the rate of deforestation on air quality in Indonesia. Secondary data types include time series and cross section (panel data) covering 34 provinces in Indonesia from 2016 to 2019. Descriptive statistical research approach using a step-by-step panel data regression model (fixed or random effect) with Chow test, Hausman test, and Lagrange multiplier method. Then, partly and concurrently, the classical assumption test and the statistical test (t-test and F-test). This research found that GRDB growth in the industrial sector has a positive significantly effect on air quality, GRDB growth in the mining sector has a negative significantly effect on air quality, GRDB growth in the agricultural sector has a negative significantly effect on air quality, and education level has a positive effect. Poverty level has no effect on air quality, waste generation has no effect positive on air quality, and deforestation rate has a negative significantly effect on air quality in Indonesia.
{"title":"The Effects of Air Quality on Economic Activity in Indonesia","authors":"P. Sasmita, A. Yani, Restiatun Restiatun","doi":"10.20849/jess.v6i1.1348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20849/jess.v6i1.1348","url":null,"abstract":"Air pollution may contribute to climate change in Indonesia, and it has the potential to undermine national economy over the long term due to the high expenses of dealing with environmental damage. The study's goal was to investigate and assess the impact of the industrial sector's GDRB, the mining sector's GDRB, the agricultural sector's GRDB, the level of education, the level of poverty, the quantity of trash generated, and the rate of deforestation on air quality in Indonesia. Secondary data types include time series and cross section (panel data) covering 34 provinces in Indonesia from 2016 to 2019. Descriptive statistical research approach using a step-by-step panel data regression model (fixed or random effect) with Chow test, Hausman test, and Lagrange multiplier method. Then, partly and concurrently, the classical assumption test and the statistical test (t-test and F-test). This research found that GRDB growth in the industrial sector has a positive significantly effect on air quality, GRDB growth in the mining sector has a negative significantly effect on air quality, GRDB growth in the agricultural sector has a negative significantly effect on air quality, and education level has a positive effect. Poverty level has no effect on air quality, waste generation has no effect positive on air quality, and deforestation rate has a negative significantly effect on air quality in Indonesia.","PeriodicalId":326567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science Studies","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116685377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Of late, geotourism has become a viable part of global tourism; however, it is still a little-known tourism activity in many parts of the world. Geologists and volcanologists have been studying active volcanoes for years, but it is just in the past several decades that geotourism has become popular with those seeking an interesting and adventurous tourism experience. In the authors’ country of residence, Japan, volcanoes are part of the fabric of society in that many people live and work directly around active volcanoes, which have generated keen tourism interest there. Kyushu, where the authors live, contains four active volcanoes that are geo-related tourism destinations; several of them have been given UNESCO Global Geopark (UGGP) status. However, very little research has been conducted among these volcanoes, and, as such, the volcanoes receive little attention globally. To fill this gap, the authors decided to conduct observational investigations of each of the volcanoes to determine the potential for tourism activities. Findings show that all sites had potential to be interesting and informative destinations that offer interesting geo experiences with opportunities for environmental learning.
{"title":"Geotourism Observational Investigation From the Tourist Perspective: A Case Study of Kyushu Area Volcanoes, Japan","authors":"J. Morrow, Ruth Kai","doi":"10.20849/jess.v6i1.1353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20849/jess.v6i1.1353","url":null,"abstract":"Of late, geotourism has become a viable part of global tourism; however, it is still a little-known tourism activity in many parts of the world. Geologists and volcanologists have been studying active volcanoes for years, but it is just in the past several decades that geotourism has become popular with those seeking an interesting and adventurous tourism experience. In the authors’ country of residence, Japan, volcanoes are part of the fabric of society in that many people live and work directly around active volcanoes, which have generated keen tourism interest there. Kyushu, where the authors live, contains four active volcanoes that are geo-related tourism destinations; several of them have been given UNESCO Global Geopark (UGGP) status. However, very little research has been conducted among these volcanoes, and, as such, the volcanoes receive little attention globally. To fill this gap, the authors decided to conduct observational investigations of each of the volcanoes to determine the potential for tourism activities. Findings show that all sites had potential to be interesting and informative destinations that offer interesting geo experiences with opportunities for environmental learning.","PeriodicalId":326567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science Studies","volume":"308 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134053918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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