Technology allows us to experience situations from a different perspective. This project investigated many parts and techniques for better VR experiences. Aerial photography: Aerial photography provides a broad view of the changes in a landscape. However, aerial photography cannot offer a microscopic perspective of the changes with novel panoramas and landscape photos. A parallax compensation algorithm for stitching videos enables the user to reduce the time required to fix stitching issues in post-production. The experiment results indicated that the optimum camera height was 500 m, slightly higher than the clouds. An appropriate number of spatial samples were selected during photography to obtain high-quality images. The researchers avoided restricted flight areas and designed the image acquisition method according to the selected flight path, which were then combined in the post-processing step. Those 360-degree-aerial-images trigger young people's environmental awareness, which enhances the creator's sense of environmental protection.
{"title":"Implementation of Aerial Panoramic Photography for Environmental Studies Through VR Experiences","authors":"W. Feng","doi":"10.20849/jess.v4i1.926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20849/jess.v4i1.926","url":null,"abstract":"Technology allows us to experience situations from a different perspective. This project investigated many parts and techniques for better VR experiences. Aerial photography: Aerial photography provides a broad view of the changes in a landscape. However, aerial photography cannot offer a microscopic perspective of the changes with novel panoramas and landscape photos. A parallax compensation algorithm for stitching videos enables the user to reduce the time required to fix stitching issues in post-production. The experiment results indicated that the optimum camera height was 500 m, slightly higher than the clouds. An appropriate number of spatial samples were selected during photography to obtain high-quality images. The researchers avoided restricted flight areas and designed the image acquisition method according to the selected flight path, which were then combined in the post-processing step. Those 360-degree-aerial-images trigger young people's environmental awareness, which enhances the creator's sense of environmental protection.","PeriodicalId":326567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132446564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dalia M. M. Yacout, P. Sirirote, M. Yacout, Dusanee Thanaboripat
In view of the up-scaling energy crises worldwide, efforts have been focusing on reducing energy consumption and replacing fossil fuels usage with renewable energy sources. Thailand is one of the developing countries that have been facing an increase in energy demand associated to its economic expansion. The development in the educational sector is one of the sectors causing an increasing energy demand.Purpose: This study aims to quantify energy usage and understand its environmental impacts in one of the educational facilities in Thailand in order to identify energy saving opportunities and improvement options related to energy consumption in this sector. Materials and Methods: The investigation included a historical energy analysis for energy utilization of the facility, an onsite energy audit and an environmental impacts assessment. A number of potential energy saving opportunities was identified; related cost savings and CO2 reduction were calculated. Additionally, the environmental impacts of energy utilization were simulated using the life cycle assessment technique. Special attention was given to potential impacts on global warming due to its direct association to fossil fuels combustion.Results and discussion: the pattern of energy utilization was identified and it clarified that the major contributor to energy utilization was energy consumption practices by students and staff of the faculty. Consequently, awareness raising of energy saving opportunities and people involvement was the major area of improvement. Results show that increasing people involvement in energy saving practices could lead to a cost saving of 46,000-120,000 USD/Year with low cost investment and a 100-240 ton CO2 reduction. Other potential savings were using motion sensors which save 30-40% of energy costs in offices and utilizing renewable solar energy as a source for electricity. This will save 13,300-33,300 USD/Year with a 7.5 years payback and 35-50 years lifetime.When assessing the associated environmental impacts to electricity production, five main categories were found to be impacted: fossil fuels depletion, respiratory inorganics formation potential, global worming potential, acidification potential and eutrophication potential. The application of the suggested energy saving opportunities will reduce the electricity consumption, lower generated air emissions from fossil fuels combustion, consequently minimize all associated impacts specially global worming potential.In Conclusion: assessing energy utilization of educational facilities is essential to reduce energy demand in an up-scaling economy. Energy analysis and onsite energy audits are efficient methods for recognizing energy utilization patterns and identifying energy saving opportunities. The implemented investigation in this study can be applied in different educational facilities.
{"title":"Assessing the Impacts of Electricity Utilization in Educational Faculties: A Thailand Case Study","authors":"Dalia M. M. Yacout, P. Sirirote, M. Yacout, Dusanee Thanaboripat","doi":"10.20849/jess.v1i1.416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20849/jess.v1i1.416","url":null,"abstract":"In view of the up-scaling energy crises worldwide, efforts have been focusing on reducing energy consumption and replacing fossil fuels usage with renewable energy sources. Thailand is one of the developing countries that have been facing an increase in energy demand associated to its economic expansion. The development in the educational sector is one of the sectors causing an increasing energy demand.Purpose: This study aims to quantify energy usage and understand its environmental impacts in one of the educational facilities in Thailand in order to identify energy saving opportunities and improvement options related to energy consumption in this sector. Materials and Methods: The investigation included a historical energy analysis for energy utilization of the facility, an onsite energy audit and an environmental impacts assessment. A number of potential energy saving opportunities was identified; related cost savings and CO2 reduction were calculated. Additionally, the environmental impacts of energy utilization were simulated using the life cycle assessment technique. Special attention was given to potential impacts on global warming due to its direct association to fossil fuels combustion.Results and discussion: the pattern of energy utilization was identified and it clarified that the major contributor to energy utilization was energy consumption practices by students and staff of the faculty. Consequently, awareness raising of energy saving opportunities and people involvement was the major area of improvement. Results show that increasing people involvement in energy saving practices could lead to a cost saving of 46,000-120,000 USD/Year with low cost investment and a 100-240 ton CO2 reduction. Other potential savings were using motion sensors which save 30-40% of energy costs in offices and utilizing renewable solar energy as a source for electricity. This will save 13,300-33,300 USD/Year with a 7.5 years payback and 35-50 years lifetime.When assessing the associated environmental impacts to electricity production, five main categories were found to be impacted: fossil fuels depletion, respiratory inorganics formation potential, global worming potential, acidification potential and eutrophication potential. The application of the suggested energy saving opportunities will reduce the electricity consumption, lower generated air emissions from fossil fuels combustion, consequently minimize all associated impacts specially global worming potential.In Conclusion: assessing energy utilization of educational facilities is essential to reduce energy demand in an up-scaling economy. Energy analysis and onsite energy audits are efficient methods for recognizing energy utilization patterns and identifying energy saving opportunities. The implemented investigation in this study can be applied in different educational facilities. ","PeriodicalId":326567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science Studies","volume":"220 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121097120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mining activities have several impacts on the environment. In our study, emphasis was given to assess biodiversity in one of the leading iron ore mining sites of Bailadila-Kirandul Iron Ore Mines (KIOM) of Dantewada District, South Bastar of Chhattisgarh. Habitat fragmentation, loss and deforestation are highly prevalent in the area. However, the study reveals high species richness of 110 and 253 plant species in core and buffer zone respectively. Canopy cover was found to be within 10 to 40% and in places in the buffer zone canopy cover with > 40% was recorded. Species diversity index indicates the instability of vegetation structure in the area with indices of 1.44 in core and 1.88 in buffer zone. Although species richness is high, about 10 floral species (7 herbs, 3 trees) are recorded under REET (Rare Endangered Extinct Threatened) species while locally endangered floral species are 6 and locally critically endangered are 4. Similarly, 208 faunal species belong to 10 faunal groups was recorded out of which 34 species are listed in different Schedules of Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. Therefore, it is an urgent need for planning to undertake appropriate management strategies to conserve biodiversity in the area.
{"title":"Impact of Mining on Forests and Its Biological Diversity at Kirandul Iron Ore Mines, Dantewada, South Bastar, Chhattisgarh: A Case Study","authors":"S. Biswas, A. Biswas","doi":"10.20849/jess.v1i1.420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20849/jess.v1i1.420","url":null,"abstract":"Mining activities have several impacts on the environment. In our study, emphasis was given to assess biodiversity in one of the leading iron ore mining sites of Bailadila-Kirandul Iron Ore Mines (KIOM) of Dantewada District, South Bastar of Chhattisgarh. Habitat fragmentation, loss and deforestation are highly prevalent in the area. However, the study reveals high species richness of 110 and 253 plant species in core and buffer zone respectively. Canopy cover was found to be within 10 to 40% and in places in the buffer zone canopy cover with > 40% was recorded. Species diversity index indicates the instability of vegetation structure in the area with indices of 1.44 in core and 1.88 in buffer zone. Although species richness is high, about 10 floral species (7 herbs, 3 trees) are recorded under REET (Rare Endangered Extinct Threatened) species while locally endangered floral species are 6 and locally critically endangered are 4. Similarly, 208 faunal species belong to 10 faunal groups was recorded out of which 34 species are listed in different Schedules of Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972. Therefore, it is an urgent need for planning to undertake appropriate management strategies to conserve biodiversity in the area.","PeriodicalId":326567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129575544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present work was carried out to study the air quality of Srinagar city and the samples were collected from five different sites which includes commercial area (site-I), industrial area (site-II), residential area (site-III), ecologically sensitive site (site-IV) and sensitive area (site-V). During the study samples were taken on monthly basis and were analyzed for nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulphur dioxide (SO2) and repairable particulate matter (PM10). Significant variation was recordedwithin and among the sites in NO2 (F3 = 3.82; F4 = 115, P < 0.05), whereas among the sites in SO2 and PM10 (F4 = 167, P < 0.05) and (F4 = 72.55, P < 0.05) respectively. The study revealed higher concentration of NO2 at Lal chowk which is commercial area and vehicular emission could be the one of the reason for higher value of NO2. SO2 exhibited high concentration at industrial area and could be attributed to burning of fossil fuels in industries and use of generator sets. PM10 was also found higher in industrial area due to presence of cement industries in addition to burning of coal as fuel. The overall concentration of NO2 and SO2 were found within the permissible limits for all sites as per National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) except for PM10 at site-I and site II. The overall air quality index of site-I and site-II falls within “Moderate” category and for site-III, IV and V falls within “Good” category.
目前的工作是为了研究斯利那加市的空气质量，样本是从五个不同的地点收集的，包括商业区(场地i)、工业区(场地ii)、住宅区(场地iii)、生态敏感区(场地iv)和敏感区(场地v)。在研究期间，每月采集样本并分析二氧化氮(NO2)，二氧化硫(SO2)和可修复颗粒物(PM10)。NO2在各位点内和位点间存在显著差异(F3 = 3.82;F4 = 115, P < 0.05)，而SO2和PM10位点F4 = 167, P < 0.05, F4 = 72.55, P < 0.05。研究结果表明，拉尔洲地区NO2浓度较高，机动车排放可能是造成该地区NO2浓度较高的原因之一。SO2在工业区域浓度较高，可归因于工业燃烧化石燃料和发电机组的使用。工业地区的PM10也较高，除了燃烧煤炭作为燃料外，还有水泥工业的存在。除一号和二号站点的PM10外，所有站点的NO2和SO2总体浓度均在国家环境空气质量标准(NAAQS)允许范围内。第i和第ii地盘的整体空气质素指数属“中等”范畴，而第iii、第IV和第V地盘的空气质素指数则属“良好”范畴。
{"title":"Preliminary Study on Air Quality of Srinagar, (J&K), India","authors":"Mehvish Sheikh, I. A. Najar","doi":"10.20849/jess.v1i1.421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20849/jess.v1i1.421","url":null,"abstract":"The present work was carried out to study the air quality of Srinagar city and the samples were collected from five different sites which includes commercial area (site-I), industrial area (site-II), residential area (site-III), ecologically sensitive site (site-IV) and sensitive area (site-V). During the study samples were taken on monthly basis and were analyzed for nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulphur dioxide (SO2) and repairable particulate matter (PM10). Significant variation was recordedwithin and among the sites in NO2 (F3 = 3.82; F4 = 115, P < 0.05), whereas among the sites in SO2 and PM10 (F4 = 167, P < 0.05) and (F4 = 72.55, P < 0.05) respectively. The study revealed higher concentration of NO2 at Lal chowk which is commercial area and vehicular emission could be the one of the reason for higher value of NO2. SO2 exhibited high concentration at industrial area and could be attributed to burning of fossil fuels in industries and use of generator sets. PM10 was also found higher in industrial area due to presence of cement industries in addition to burning of coal as fuel. The overall concentration of NO2 and SO2 were found within the permissible limits for all sites as per National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) except for PM10 at site-I and site II. The overall air quality index of site-I and site-II falls within “Moderate” category and for site-III, IV and V falls within “Good” category.","PeriodicalId":326567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science Studies","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114885037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To produce biodiesel from waste oil and use it as an alternative fuel in compression ignition (CI) engines is an efficient way to eliminate this harmful compound. In this experimental study, the effects of biodiesel derived from waste oil on emission and performance characteristics of CI engine were investigated. The production of biodiesel was realized at the condition: 9wt% acid catalyst amount, 9:1 molar ratio, 60oC reaction temperature and 120min reaction time. Biodiesel and diesel were mixed with different volumetric ratios and the properties of each blend were analyzed. Each blend was tested with a direct injection CI engine to see the effect of biodiesel on performance and emission characteristics. In conclusion, blends showed similar results in terms of performance comparing to diesel. The use of biodiesel derived from waste oil led to decrease in hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO) emissions and smoke opacity up to 81.25%, 55.02% and 40.48% respectively while led to slight increase in nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions in general.
{"title":"The Effect of Biodiesel Derived from Waste Oil on Engine Performance and Emission Characteristics","authors":"I. Resitoglu, A. Keski̇n","doi":"10.20849/JESS.V1I1.432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20849/JESS.V1I1.432","url":null,"abstract":"To produce biodiesel from waste oil and use it as an alternative fuel in compression ignition (CI) engines is an efficient way to eliminate this harmful compound. In this experimental study, the effects of biodiesel derived from waste oil on emission and performance characteristics of CI engine were investigated. The production of biodiesel was realized at the condition: 9wt% acid catalyst amount, 9:1 molar ratio, 60oC reaction temperature and 120min reaction time. Biodiesel and diesel were mixed with different volumetric ratios and the properties of each blend were analyzed. Each blend was tested with a direct injection CI engine to see the effect of biodiesel on performance and emission characteristics. In conclusion, blends showed similar results in terms of performance comparing to diesel. The use of biodiesel derived from waste oil led to decrease in hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO) emissions and smoke opacity up to 81.25%, 55.02% and 40.48% respectively while led to slight increase in nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions in general.","PeriodicalId":326567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129811439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The quality of water used for domestic purposes from three boreholes in Wudil Local Government (KUST Wudil, Unguwar Danya and Unguwar Fulani) was analyzed and assessed for a period of five weeks using standard methods of sampling and laboratory analysis. Parameters tested include pH dissolved oxygen (DO), five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), nitrate ion (NO3), conductivity, hardness, temperature total dissolved solids (TDS) and turbidity. Results showed that there are significant differences between the different wards. However, a one way ANOVA conducted reveals significant difference (p < 0.05) between the different sites and physicochemical parameters. It is therefore recommended that government should be more effective in controlling the point source of pollution in the area.
{"title":"Assessment of Borehole Water Quality for Domestic Use in Three Selected Wards in Wudil Local Government Area, Kano State","authors":"B. U. Getso, A. Mustapha, M. Abubakar, A. Tijjani","doi":"10.20849/JESS.V1I1.394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20849/JESS.V1I1.394","url":null,"abstract":"The quality of water used for domestic purposes from three boreholes in Wudil Local Government (KUST Wudil, Unguwar Danya and Unguwar Fulani) was analyzed and assessed for a period of five weeks using standard methods of sampling and laboratory analysis. Parameters tested include pH dissolved oxygen (DO), five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), nitrate ion (NO3), conductivity, hardness, temperature total dissolved solids (TDS) and turbidity. Results showed that there are significant differences between the different wards. However, a one way ANOVA conducted reveals significant difference (p < 0.05) between the different sites and physicochemical parameters. It is therefore recommended that government should be more effective in controlling the point source of pollution in the area.","PeriodicalId":326567,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Science Studies","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132165634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：