{"title":"Self-Directed Learning Readiness of Students in Bridging Nursing Programs in Saudi Arabia -A Descriptive Study","authors":"Ocimum Scientific Publishers Pty Ltd","doi":"10.33513/mpns/2001-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33513/mpns/2001-07","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":331917,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil and Plant Biology","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115254954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many veterinary antibiotic classes are shared by agriculture and human medicine. When manure from treated animals is land applied, antibiotics can accumulate in soils, as well as livestock forage and human food. Veterinary antibiotic use, high excretion levels, and plant antibiotic uptake have raised concerns regarding antibiotic resistance. This massively parallel sequencing study was designed to determine if the presence of antibiotics in dairy manure can affect plant and soil microbial communities. This was tested in a greenhouse study involving soil and untreated manure or manure spiked with monensin or oxytetracycline. Tifton 85, a forage Bermuda grass, was grown for 6 weeks in these various treatment groups. The soil and harvested plant leaf or root microbial profiles were compared with and without manure as well as in the presence or absence of monensin or oxytetracycline. Results of the study showed that the addition of both antibiotics affected plant prokaryotic community composition, and soil microbial communities were affected by the presence of Tifton 85, both antibiotics, or manure. The influences of manure addition were different if the manure was just applied to the surface or if it was mixed throughout. This study summarizes the considerations that must be addressed prior to using animal manure for land application, especially if those animals were treated with antibiotics.
{"title":"Changes in Soil and Plant Microbial Community Populations Following Administration of Manure Containing Oxytetracycline or Monensin","authors":"Ocimum Scientific Publishers Pty Ltd","doi":"10.33513/jspb/1901-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33513/jspb/1901-10","url":null,"abstract":"Many veterinary antibiotic classes are shared by agriculture and human medicine. When manure from treated animals is land applied, antibiotics can accumulate in soils, as well as livestock forage and human food. Veterinary antibiotic use, high excretion levels, and plant antibiotic uptake have raised concerns regarding antibiotic resistance. This massively parallel sequencing study was designed to determine if the presence of antibiotics in dairy manure can affect plant and soil microbial communities. This was tested in a greenhouse study involving soil and untreated manure or manure spiked with monensin or oxytetracycline. Tifton 85, a forage Bermuda grass, was grown for 6 weeks in these various treatment groups. The soil and harvested plant leaf or root microbial profiles were compared with and without manure as well as in the presence or absence of monensin or oxytetracycline. Results of the study showed that the addition of both antibiotics affected plant prokaryotic community composition, and soil microbial communities were affected by the presence of Tifton 85, both antibiotics, or manure. The influences of manure addition were different if the manure was just applied to the surface or if it was mixed throughout. This study summarizes the considerations that must be addressed prior to using animal manure for land application, especially if those animals were treated with antibiotics.","PeriodicalId":331917,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil and Plant Biology","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124934769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Efficiency of Different Amendments for the Mitigation of Cadmium Toxicity in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)","authors":"Ocimum Scientific Publishers Pty Ltd","doi":"10.33513/JSPB/1901-08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33513/JSPB/1901-08","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":331917,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil and Plant Biology","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127448171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fungistatic Effect of a Chicken Manure-Based Organic Fertilizer for Suppression of a Soilborne Pathogen Rhizoctonia Solani Kühn","authors":"Ocimum Scientific Publishers Pty Ltd","doi":"10.33513/JSPB/1901-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33513/JSPB/1901-07","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":331917,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil and Plant Biology","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131480253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. M. M. Alves, L. Pereira, Lima da Cruz, Rebecca De, Freitas, Ana Maria Sousa Costa, Julia Evelyn, Oliveira Lima, Roberta Lillyan Rodrigues Reis, L. Véras, Fernando Aecio de, A. Carvalho
Leishmaniasis makes up a group of infectious diseases caused by different species of the genus Leishmania. The visceral form as reponsible for the hight number of deaths. The treatment is still quite limited by some factors such as long duration, adverse effects, toxicity, high costs, which reinforces the importance of the discovery of new drugs for the disease. Pilocarpus microphyllus Stapf. popularly known as Jaborandi, is used for various medicinal purposes. Its leaves contain important imidazole alkaloids; some with functions already well known. The objective of this work was to evaluate the antileishmania activity of the essential oil of Pilocarpus microphyllus Stapf. against promastigotes forms of Leishmania infantum . Promastigotes forms L. infantum in log phase of growth were plated in the amount of 1x10 6 per well, in a 96-well plate containing essential oil obtained from the leaves of Pilocarpus microphyllus in eight serial dilutions, at concentrations of 800 to 6.25 μg/mL. The plate was then incubated in (BOD) oven at 26°C for 48 hours, remaining 6 hours 20 μL Resazurin 10 mol/L per well was added. At the end, the plate reading was performed on plate reader at 550 nm. The minimum concentration (IC50) was obtained by calculating probit regression. The essential oil of P . microphyllus Stapf. demonstrated activity on promastigote forms of L. infantum , with activity dependent on concentration, presented an IC50 of 6.343 μg/mL. In the literature some activities of the constituents of P . microphyllus are already reported. The essential oil of P. Microphyllus Stapf. was shown to be very promising against promastigote forms of L. infantum . Future studies will be conducted to investigate their cytotoxicity on host cells, elucidate their mechanism of action, and evaluate their in vivo activity in the treatment of disease in experimental models.
利什曼病是由不同种类的利什曼原虫引起的一组传染病。内脏形式是造成大量死亡的原因。治疗仍然受到一些因素的限制，如持续时间长、副作用大、毒性大、费用高，这加强了发现治疗该疾病的新药的重要性。小叶毛果通常被称为Jaborandi，用于各种医疗目的。它的叶子含有重要的咪唑类生物碱;有些函数已经很有名了。研究了小叶毛果精油的抗利什曼原虫活性。对抗幼利什曼原虫的原鞭毛菌。以每孔1 × 10 6个的剂量，将生长在对数期的Promastigotes forms L. infantum接种于96孔板中，该板中含有从小叶毛果(Pilocarpus microphyllus)叶中提取的精油，浓度为800 ~ 6.25 μg/mL，连续稀释8次。在(BOD)箱中26℃孵育48 h，每孔加入10 mol/L Resazurin 20 μL，剩余6 h。最后，在550nm处的平板阅读器上进行平板读取。通过概率回归计算得到最小浓度(IC50)。P .精油。microphyllus Stapf。对婴儿乳杆菌原毛菌有一定的抑制作用，其IC50值为6.343 μg/mL。在文献中，一些活性成分的P。小叶虫已经被报道过。小叶桐挥发油的研究。被证明对婴儿乳杆菌的promastigote形式很有希望。未来的研究将进一步探讨其对宿主细胞的细胞毒性，阐明其作用机制，并在实验模型中评估其体内治疗疾病的活性。
{"title":"Essential Oil of Pilocarpus Microphyllus Stapf. Against Promastigotes Forms of Leishmania Infantum","authors":"M. M. M. Alves, L. Pereira, Lima da Cruz, Rebecca De, Freitas, Ana Maria Sousa Costa, Julia Evelyn, Oliveira Lima, Roberta Lillyan Rodrigues Reis, L. Véras, Fernando Aecio de, A. Carvalho","doi":"10.33513/jspb/1801-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33513/jspb/1801-06","url":null,"abstract":"Leishmaniasis makes up a group of infectious diseases caused by different species of the genus Leishmania. The visceral form as reponsible for the hight number of deaths. The treatment is still quite limited by some factors such as long duration, adverse effects, toxicity, high costs, which reinforces the importance of the discovery of new drugs for the disease. Pilocarpus microphyllus Stapf. popularly known as Jaborandi, is used for various medicinal purposes. Its leaves contain important imidazole alkaloids; some with functions already well known. The objective of this work was to evaluate the antileishmania activity of the essential oil of Pilocarpus microphyllus Stapf. against promastigotes forms of Leishmania infantum . Promastigotes forms L. infantum in log phase of growth were plated in the amount of 1x10 6 per well, in a 96-well plate containing essential oil obtained from the leaves of Pilocarpus microphyllus in eight serial dilutions, at concentrations of 800 to 6.25 μg/mL. The plate was then incubated in (BOD) oven at 26°C for 48 hours, remaining 6 hours 20 μL Resazurin 10 mol/L per well was added. At the end, the plate reading was performed on plate reader at 550 nm. The minimum concentration (IC50) was obtained by calculating probit regression. The essential oil of P . microphyllus Stapf. demonstrated activity on promastigote forms of L. infantum , with activity dependent on concentration, presented an IC50 of 6.343 μg/mL. In the literature some activities of the constituents of P . microphyllus are already reported. The essential oil of P. Microphyllus Stapf. was shown to be very promising against promastigote forms of L. infantum . Future studies will be conducted to investigate their cytotoxicity on host cells, elucidate their mechanism of action, and evaluate their in vivo activity in the treatment of disease in experimental models.","PeriodicalId":331917,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil and Plant Biology","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127179253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Bendif, M. Miara, Mohamed Harir, K. Merabti, Nabila, Souilah, Salima Guerroudj, Roumaissa Labza
The population of the west of Bordj Bou Arréridj (communes of the Daïra of El Mansourah) uses large-scale medicinal plant resources. This area is very rich and has many species of undeniable medicinal interest. The valorisation of this natural heritage requires an ethnobotany study which allows to describe the different uses of medicinal plants by the local population and to establish the catalogue of medicinal plants and their therapeutic uses. Our survey, conducted in MarchMay 2015, using 200 questionnaires, we identified 78 medicinal plants used in traditional medicine of the region studied. Which are divided into 40 families, of which six are the most dominant, including Lamiaceae (10 species), Asteraceae (9 species), Apiaceae (5 species), Poaceae (4 species), Fabaceae (3 species), and Chenopodiaceae (3 species). Leaves are the most used part. The majority of the remedies are prepared in the form of infusion. The almost exclusive use of the local population for medicinal plant species in its daily care and the opening of a more or less organized market of these plants will only accentuate the pressure on these medicinal resources which can lead to the disappearance of some of the most vulnerable species. It is therefore urgent to adopt a sustainable management approach for the safeguarding and preservation of medicinal plants in these regions. The results obtained are a very valuable source of information for the region studied and for the national medicinal flora. They could be a database for further research in the fields of phytochemistry and pharmacology and for the purpose of searching for new natural substances.
{"title":"An Ethnobotanical Survey of Medicinal Plants in El Mansourah (West of Bordj Bou Arreridj, Algeria)","authors":"H. Bendif, M. Miara, Mohamed Harir, K. Merabti, Nabila, Souilah, Salima Guerroudj, Roumaissa Labza","doi":"10.33513/jspb/1801.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33513/jspb/1801.05","url":null,"abstract":"The population of the west of Bordj Bou Arréridj (communes of the Daïra of El Mansourah) uses large-scale medicinal plant resources. This area is very rich and has many species of undeniable medicinal interest. The valorisation of this natural heritage requires an ethnobotany study which allows to describe the different uses of medicinal plants by the local population and to establish the catalogue of medicinal plants and their therapeutic uses. Our survey, conducted in MarchMay 2015, using 200 questionnaires, we identified 78 medicinal plants used in traditional medicine of the region studied. Which are divided into 40 families, of which six are the most dominant, including Lamiaceae (10 species), Asteraceae (9 species), Apiaceae (5 species), Poaceae (4 species), Fabaceae (3 species), and Chenopodiaceae (3 species). Leaves are the most used part. The majority of the remedies are prepared in the form of infusion. The almost exclusive use of the local population for medicinal plant species in its daily care and the opening of a more or less organized market of these plants will only accentuate the pressure on these medicinal resources which can lead to the disappearance of some of the most vulnerable species. It is therefore urgent to adopt a sustainable management approach for the safeguarding and preservation of medicinal plants in these regions. The results obtained are a very valuable source of information for the region studied and for the national medicinal flora. They could be a database for further research in the fields of phytochemistry and pharmacology and for the purpose of searching for new natural substances.","PeriodicalId":331917,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil and Plant Biology","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129075608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aphloia theiformis (Vahl.) Benn. is an evergreen medicinal plant possessing multiple therapeutic virtues. Traditional use of the plant among folk populations of Madagascar, Comoros Island, Mascarenes Islands, Seychelles Archipelago, and tropical Africa was geared towards the management of dysentery, fever, rheumatism, ulcers, jaundice, gastrointestinal infections, skin infections, cataract, and diabetes mellitus. Multiple lines of evidence from the literature appraise the biological activities of Aphloia theiformis. Recent in vitro studies support the inhibitory action of Aphloia theiformis methanol leaves extract on key enzymes related to diabetes, obesity, hypertension, Alzheimer’s disease, and kidney stone formation. Such findings have led to the identification of mangiferin. Aphloia theiformis was also reported to possess anti-malaria, anti-Chikungunya, and “anti-aging” properties. The present monograph tries to comprehensively establish the ethnopharmacological uses, biological activities, as well as the botanical description of Aphloia theiformis. It is expected that this comprehensive monograph will support further scientific studies in order to validate other traditional use of Aphloia theiformis, hence opening avenues for the development of novel therapeutic entities.
{"title":"Aphloia Theiformis (Vahl.) Benn.: A Plant with Various Therapeutic Properties","authors":"","doi":"10.33513/jspb/1801-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33513/jspb/1801-02","url":null,"abstract":"Aphloia theiformis (Vahl.) Benn. is an evergreen medicinal plant possessing multiple therapeutic virtues. Traditional use of the plant among folk populations of Madagascar, Comoros Island, Mascarenes Islands, Seychelles Archipelago, and tropical Africa was geared towards the management of dysentery, fever, rheumatism, ulcers, jaundice, gastrointestinal infections, skin infections, cataract, and diabetes mellitus. Multiple lines of evidence from the literature appraise the biological activities of Aphloia theiformis. Recent in vitro studies support the inhibitory action of Aphloia theiformis methanol leaves extract on key enzymes related to diabetes, obesity, hypertension, Alzheimer’s disease, and kidney stone formation. Such findings have led to the identification of mangiferin. Aphloia theiformis was also reported to possess anti-malaria, anti-Chikungunya, and “anti-aging” properties. The present monograph tries to comprehensively establish the ethnopharmacological uses, biological activities, as well as the botanical description of Aphloia theiformis. It is expected that this comprehensive monograph will support further scientific studies in order to validate other traditional use of Aphloia theiformis, hence opening avenues for the development of novel therapeutic entities.","PeriodicalId":331917,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil and Plant Biology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130625036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Floodplains are among the most endangered ecosystems in the modern landscape. Due to changes in land-use and river regulations, about 10 % of their global original area has left. The increasing magnitude and frequency of river flash floods caused by global climatic changes represent a further and significant disturbance factor that affects the remaining riverine ecosystems. However, floodplains play important beneficial socio-economic and ecological functions in the landscape and they deserve protection and restoration. This contribution provides a short review of our knowledge about river floodplains, their distribution, and structure and ecosystem services. Special attention is given to the negative impacts of river regulation on the biodiversity, structure and functions of river floodplain ecosystems. The effects of inundation stress and flood disturbances on riverine floodplains at various structural and functional ecosystem levels, such as vegetation, plant metapopulations and plant physiology and properties of floodplain sediments, their pollution loads and soil microbial activities are also shortly summarized. The contamination of floodplain sediments by conventional and modern types of pollutants represents a serious threat not only for edaphon and animal compartment of riverside ecosystems but also for sustainable utilisation of the floodplains by local riverine human populations. A better understanding of floodplains in the context of current environmental conditions can be utilised to develop new protection and rescue programmes to enhance the ecological stability of landscapes and mitigate and adapt to the effects of climate change.
{"title":"The Impact of Floods on the Structure and Functional Processes of Floodplain Ecosystems","authors":"Silva Tarouca","doi":"10.33513/jspb/1801-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33513/jspb/1801-03","url":null,"abstract":"Floodplains are among the most endangered ecosystems in the modern landscape. Due to changes in land-use and river regulations, about 10 % of their global original area has left. The increasing magnitude and frequency of river flash floods caused by global climatic changes represent a further and significant disturbance factor that affects the remaining riverine ecosystems. However, floodplains play important beneficial socio-economic and ecological functions in the landscape and they deserve protection and restoration. This contribution provides a short review of our knowledge about river floodplains, their distribution, and structure and ecosystem services. Special attention is given to the negative impacts of river regulation on the biodiversity, structure and functions of river floodplain ecosystems. The effects of inundation stress and flood disturbances on riverine floodplains at various structural and functional ecosystem levels, such as vegetation, plant metapopulations and plant physiology and properties of floodplain sediments, their pollution loads and soil microbial activities are also shortly summarized. The contamination of floodplain sediments by conventional and modern types of pollutants represents a serious threat not only for edaphon and animal compartment of riverside ecosystems but also for sustainable utilisation of the floodplains by local riverine human populations. A better understanding of floodplains in the context of current environmental conditions can be utilised to develop new protection and rescue programmes to enhance the ecological stability of landscapes and mitigate and adapt to the effects of climate change.","PeriodicalId":331917,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soil and Plant Biology","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134323118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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