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22nd International Conference on Data Engineering Workshops (ICDEW'06)最新文献

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Access-Private Outsourcing of Markov Chain and RandomWalk based Data Analysis Applications 基于马尔可夫链和随机漫步的私有外包数据分析应用
Pub Date : 2006-04-03 DOI: 10.1109/ICDEW.2006.25
Ping-Min Lin, K. Candan
Random walk graph and Markov chain based models are used heavily in many data and system analysis domains, including web, bioinformatics, and queueing. These models enable the description and analysis of various behaviors of stochastic systems. If the system being modelled has certain properties, such as if it is irreducible and aperiodic, close form formulations corresponding to its stationary behavior can be used to analyze its behavior. However, if the system does not have these properties or if the user is not interested in the stationary behavior, then an iterative approach needs to be used to determine potential outcomes based on the initial probability distribution inputs to the model. In this paper, we focus on access-privacy enabled outsourced Markov chain based data analysis applications, where a non-trusted service provider takes (hidden) user queries that are described in terms of initial state distributions, and evaluates them iteratively in an oblivious manner. We show that this iterative process can leak information regarding the possible values of the hidden input if the server has a priori knowledge about the underlying Markovian process. Hence as opposed to simple obfuscation mechanisms, we develop an algorithm based on methodical addition of extra states, which guarantees unbounded feasible regions for the inputs, thus preventing a malicious host from having an informed guess regarding the inputs.
基于随机漫步图和马尔可夫链的模型被广泛应用于许多数据和系统分析领域,包括网络、生物信息学和排队。这些模型使描述和分析随机系统的各种行为成为可能。如果被建模的系统具有某些性质,例如不可约和非周期,则可以使用与其平稳行为相对应的封闭形式公式来分析其行为。然而,如果系统不具有这些属性,或者用户对平稳行为不感兴趣,则需要使用迭代方法来根据模型的初始概率分布输入来确定潜在的结果。在本文中,我们专注于基于访问隐私的外包马尔可夫链数据分析应用程序,其中不受信任的服务提供商接受(隐藏的)用户查询,这些查询以初始状态分布描述,并以遗忘的方式迭代地评估它们。我们表明,如果服务器具有关于底层马尔可夫过程的先验知识,则该迭代过程可以泄漏有关隐藏输入的可能值的信息。因此,与简单的混淆机制相反,我们开发了一种基于有条理地添加额外状态的算法,该算法保证了输入的无界可行区域,从而防止恶意主机对输入进行知情猜测。
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引用次数: 6
Validating Quicksand: Schema Versioning in tauXSchema 验证流沙:在tauXSchema中的模式版本控制
Pub Date : 2006-04-03 DOI: 10.1109/ICDEW.2006.161
C. Dyreson, R. Snodgrass, Faiz Currim, Sabah Currim, Shailesh Joshi
The W3C XML Schema recommendation defines the structure and data types for XML documents, but lacks explicit support for time-varying XML documents or for a time-varying schema. In previous work we introduced tauXSchema which is an infrastructure and suite of tools to support the creation and validation of time-varying documents, without requiring any changes to XML Schema. In this paper we extend tauXSchema to support versioning of the schema itself. We introduce the concept of a bundle, which is an XML document that references a base (nontemporal) schema, temporal annotations describing how the document can change, and physical annotations describing where timestamps are placed. When the schema is versioned, the base schema and temporal and physical schemas can themselves be time-varying documents, each with their own (possibly versioned) schemas. We describe how the validator can be extended to validate documents in this seeming precarious situation of data that changes over time, while its schema and even its representation are also changing.
W3C XML Schema建议定义了XML文档的结构和数据类型,但缺乏对时变XML文档或时变模式的显式支持。在之前的工作中,我们介绍了tauXSchema,它是一个基础设施和工具套件,用于支持时变文档的创建和验证,而不需要对XML Schema进行任何更改。在本文中,我们扩展了tauXSchema以支持模式本身的版本控制。我们引入了包的概念,它是一个XML文档,引用基本(非时态)模式、描述文档如何更改的时态注释和描述时间戳放置位置的物理注释。当模式被版本化时,基本模式、临时模式和物理模式本身可以是随时间变化的文档,每个都有自己的(可能是版本化的)模式。我们描述了如何扩展验证器,以便在这种随着时间而变化的数据看起来不稳定的情况下验证文档,而它的模式甚至它的表示也在变化。
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引用次数: 28
Creation of an Electronic Chronicle for a Ubiquitous Home: Sensing, Analysis and Evaluation 为无所不在的家庭创建电子编年史:感知、分析和评估
Pub Date : 2006-04-03 DOI: 10.1109/ICDEW.2006.44
G. C. D. Silva, T. Yamasaki, K. Aizawa
A system for continuous capture and retrieval of multimedia data from a home-like ubiquitous environment is presented. A large number of cameras and microphones are used for video and audio acquisition. Pressure based sensors mounted on the house floor are used to capture footsteps as context data. Both context and content are analyzed to create indices for efficient retrieval and summarization of the video and audio data. The system can be queried based on date and time, location, persons, sounds and basic activity in terms of footsteps. Key frame extraction adaptive to the activity of a person can be used to summarize the video. The system was evaluated by means of a real-life experiment where a family lived in the house and later used the system to retrieve experiences that they had during their stay. The results of this experiment are reported and discussed. The paper concludes with suggestions for possible future directions.
提出了一种从家庭般无处不在的环境中连续捕获和检索多媒体数据的系统。大量的摄像头和麦克风用于视频和音频采集。安装在房屋地板上的压力传感器用于捕捉脚步声作为背景数据。对上下文和内容进行分析,以创建索引,以便有效地检索和总结视频和音频数据。系统可以根据日期、时间、地点、人物、声音和基本活动(以脚步为单位)进行查询。关键帧提取与人的活动相适应,可以对视频进行总结。该系统是通过一个真实的实验来评估的,一个家庭住在房子里,然后用这个系统来检索他们在住宿期间的经历。对实验结果进行了报道和讨论。文章最后对未来可能的发展方向提出了建议。
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引用次数: 3
On Querying and Exploring Activities on a User’s Desktop 关于查询和探索用户桌面上的活动
Pub Date : 2006-04-03 DOI: 10.1109/ICDEW.2006.103
Sibel Adali, S. Pearce, M. Sapino
Many desktop query and management systems offer an object oriented view of a computer, where the emphasis is on describing the information relevant to an object. However, objects may be related to each other in different ways and in different contexts. In this paper, we argue that users create and modify data as a function of activities they are involved in. We develop methods to explore objects on a desktop through activities. Our methods integrate discovered relationships between data objects based on their participation in different activities as well as other properties. Our activity model is well suited to support a query language that is able to alter the context and the definition of an activity to easily visualize complex relationships in data. We show that this new organization makes many new interesting desktop functionalities a reality.
许多桌面查询和管理系统提供面向对象的计算机视图,其重点是描述与对象相关的信息。然而,对象之间可能以不同的方式和在不同的上下文中相互关联。在本文中,我们认为用户创建和修改数据是他们所参与的活动的函数。我们开发了通过活动来探索桌面对象的方法。我们的方法基于数据对象参与不同的活动以及其他属性,集成了数据对象之间发现的关系。我们的活动模型非常适合支持能够改变上下文和活动定义的查询语言,以便轻松地可视化数据中的复杂关系。我们展示了这个新的组织使许多新的有趣的桌面功能成为现实。
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引用次数: 4
Implementing a Bioinformatics Pipeline (BIP) on a Mediator Platform: Comparing Cost and Quality of Alternate Choices 在中介平台上实现生物信息学管道(BIP):比较替代选择的成本和质量
Pub Date : 2006-04-03 DOI: 10.1109/ICDEW.2006.66
B. Eckman, T. Gaasterland, Z. Lacroix, L. Raschid, Ben Snyder, Maria-Esther Vidal
We address the challenges of supporting scientific workflow design for a bioinformatics pipeline (BIP) to detect alternative splicing of an organism’s genes. Scientific workflows depend significantly on the selection of the resources (data sources and applications) selected for their implementation. In addition, each implementation of a workflow may offer different costs and benefits. We present the details of a hard-coded BIP and then discuss the process of implementing a BIP on a database management system (DBMS) enabled mediator platform. Such a solution supports biologists as they customize the pipeline, choosing relevant resources and implementations for operators and applications. We discuss cost and benefit metrics to compare these alternative BIP choices.
我们解决了支持生物信息学管道(BIP)科学工作流程设计的挑战,以检测生物体基因的替代剪接。科学工作流在很大程度上依赖于为实现它们而选择的资源(数据源和应用程序)的选择。此外,工作流的每个实现可能提供不同的成本和收益。我们将介绍硬编码BIP的细节,然后讨论在支持数据库管理系统(DBMS)的中介平台上实现BIP的过程。这样的解决方案支持生物学家定制管道,为操作员和应用程序选择相关资源和实现。我们讨论成本和效益指标来比较这些备选的BIP选择。
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引用次数: 10
{rm E} - A Generic Event Model for Event-Centric Multimedia Data Management in eChronicle Applications {rm E} -基于事件中心的多媒体数据管理的通用事件模型
Pub Date : 2006-04-03 DOI: 10.1109/ICDEW.2006.1
U. Westermann, R. Jain
eChronicle applications are inherently event-centric, enabling users to find and explore important events in an application domain and providing unified access to any media that document them. Today’s multimedia data management components such as multimedia databases, however, are largely media-centric, considering events - if at all - just as one of many pieces of media metadata. Obfuscating event exploration and event-driven access to media, they are only of limited use for the implementation of eChronicle applications. Using a concrete eChronicle application in the defense domain, this paper motivates the need for event-centric multimedia data management components. As a foundation, the paper proposes the multimedia event model and discusses essential design considerations for the development of that model. {rm E}’s genericity and profound adaptability to varying application needs make the model a suitable foundation for reusable multimedia data management components that are useful not only for eChronicle applications, but for any multimedia application where event-driven access to content is of interest.
历史记录应用程序本质上是以事件为中心的,允许用户查找和探索应用程序域中的重要事件,并提供对记录这些事件的任何媒体的统一访问。然而,今天的多媒体数据管理组件(如多媒体数据库)在很大程度上是以媒体为中心的,将事件(如果有的话)视为众多媒体元数据中的一个。由于混淆了事件探索和事件驱动的媒体访问,它们对于实现ecronicle应用程序的用途有限。本文以国防领域的一个具体应用为例,提出了以事件为中心的多媒体数据管理组件的需求。在此基础上,本文提出了多媒体事件模型,并讨论了该模型开发的基本设计考虑。{rm E}的通用性和对不同应用程序需求的深刻适应性使该模型成为可重用多媒体数据管理组件的合适基础,这些组件不仅对历史应用程序有用,而且对任何需要事件驱动访问内容的多媒体应用程序都有用。
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引用次数: 34
A Stochastic Approach for Trust Management 一种随机信任管理方法
Pub Date : 2006-04-03 DOI: 10.1109/ICDEW.2006.20
J. Haller
Business collaborations in Virtual Organisations (VOs) demand sound security infrastructures to achieve acceptance from industry. It becomes apparent that in dynamic environments requiring swift decisions as well as quickly adapted and connected applications, traditional hard security e.g. based on static access control is no longer able to cope with security alone to meet the collaboration objective. Soft security based on trust management, e.g. provided by a reputation system, is able to address those requirements dealing with previously unknown entities and hereby complement, but not replace, established static hard security. This paper introduces a novel approach and proposed architecture for a trust management system providing reputation, rooting trust in a collaborating entity’s inherently characterizing trust parameters. Those parameters are stochastically modelled aiming at capturing the real parameter’s behaviour and aggregated with stochastic system theory. This approach is believed to retain the quality of a model with implicit semantic behaviour of trust parameters from the root of trust, the observed parameters, to the aggregated reputation provided as decision support to applications.
虚拟组织(VOs)中的业务协作需要健全的安全基础设施才能获得业界的认可。很明显,在需要快速决策以及快速适应和连接应用程序的动态环境中,传统的硬安全(例如基于静态访问控制)不再能够单独处理安全以满足协作目标。基于信任管理的软安全,例如由信誉系统提供,能够解决那些处理先前未知实体的需求,从而补充而不是取代已建立的静态硬安全。本文介绍了一种新的信任管理系统的方法和架构,该系统提供了基于协作实体固有特征的信任参数的声誉和信任。这些参数是随机建模的,目的是捕捉真实参数的行为,并用随机系统理论进行聚合。这种方法被认为保留了模型的质量,从信任的根源,观察到的参数,到作为应用程序决策支持的聚合声誉,信任参数的隐含语义行为。
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引用次数: 13
Develop a Computational Trust Prototype for the Semantic Web 为语义网开发一个计算信任原型
Pub Date : 2006-04-03 DOI: 10.1109/ICDEW.2006.48
Yu Zhang, Huajun Chen, Zhaohui Wu, Xiaoqing Zheng
Nowadays, more and more research has focused on the trust management of the Semantic Web. Some mature technologies from many fields such as multiagent systems, social network analysis and artificial intelligence have been introduced to this field. However, some unique characteristics of the Semantic Web are more or less ignored. In this paper, we try to explore the semantic aspects of the trust management. We present DartTrust, a trust prototype for the semantic web in the application context of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). We introduce RCSW - a Reputation-Chain trust model for the Semantic Web, which incorporates pairwise trust factor and reliable factor and constructs an edge-weighted graph to calculate trust ratings. We define a small trust ontology to illustrate the trust relationships. The trust ontology is described in OWL that can be understood and processed by machines. Therefore, DartTrust can provide reasoning functions and facilitate trust management with little human effort. As a demonstration of the prototype, we present its implementation on Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) at the end of this paper.
目前,越来越多的研究集中在语义Web的信任管理上。多智能体系统、社会网络分析、人工智能等领域的成熟技术已被引入该领域。然而,语义网的一些独特的特性或多或少被忽视了。在本文中,我们试图探讨信任管理的语义方面。本文提出了一种基于语义网的信任原型——DartTrust。引入语义网声誉链信任模型RCSW,该模型将信任因子和可靠因子两两结合,构建边加权图计算信任等级。我们定义了一个小型的信任本体来说明信任关系。信任本体用OWL描述,机器可以理解和处理。因此,DartTrust可以提供推理功能,并简化信任管理,而无需人工干预。作为原型的演示,我们在本文的最后给出了其在中医(TCM)上的实现。
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引用次数: 3
Efficient Image Classification on Vertically Decomposed Data 垂直分解数据的高效图像分类
Pub Date : 2006-04-03 DOI: 10.1109/ICDEW.2006.52
T. Abidin, Aijuan Dong, Honglin Li, W. Perrizo
Organizing digital images into semantic categories is imperative for effective browsing and retrieval. In large image collections, efficient algorithms are crucial to quickly categorize new images. In this paper, we study a nearest neighbor based algorithm in image classification from a different perspective. The proposed algorithm vertically decomposes image features into separate bit vectors, one for each bit position of the values in the features, and approximates a number of candidates of nearest neighbors by examining the absolute difference of total variation between the images in the repositories and the unclassified image. Once the candidate set is obtained, the k-nearest neighbors are then searched from the set. We use a combination of global color histogram in HSV (6x3x3) color space and Gabor texture for the image features. Our experiments on Corel dataset show that our algorithm is fast and scalable for image classification even when image repositories are very large. In addition, the classification accuracy is comparable to the accuracy of the classical KNN algorithm.
将数字图像组织成语义类别是有效浏览和检索的必要条件。在大型图像集合中,高效的算法是快速分类新图像的关键。本文从不同的角度研究了一种基于最近邻的图像分类算法。该算法将图像特征垂直分解为单独的位向量,每个位向量代表特征中值的位置,并通过检查库中图像与未分类图像之间总变化的绝对差值来近似一些最近邻候选。一旦获得候选集,然后从该集合中搜索k个最近的邻居。我们使用HSV (6x3x3)颜色空间中的全局颜色直方图和Gabor纹理的组合作为图像特征。我们在Corel数据集上的实验表明,即使在图像库非常大的情况下,我们的算法也具有快速和可扩展性。此外,分类精度与经典KNN算法的精度相当。
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引用次数: 5
A Conceptual Service Discovery Architecture for Semantic Web Services in Dynamic Environments 动态环境下语义Web服务的概念服务发现体系结构
Pub Date : 2006-04-03 DOI: 10.1109/ICDEW.2006.6
Tommy Gagnes, T. Plagemann, E. Munthe-Kaas
Web Services technology is being used for increasingly different environments than it was designed for. To facilitate discovery of Web Services in dynamic environments, both service description and distribution of descriptions must be improved. Several research efforts target semantic description of services. However, Semantic Web Service discovery in peer-to-peer-like, dynamic environments where services and registries are transient cannot be based on current mechanisms for distribution of Web Service descriptions. Based on a set of generic requirements, we introduce a conceptual architecture that aims to solve many of the problems related to Semantic Web Service discovery in dynamic environments. The architecture is based on a distributed multi-registry topology and aliveness information. We present several research problems we have identified during our initial work on this architecture.
Web服务技术被用于越来越不同的环境,而不是它的设计目标。为了便于在动态环境中发现Web服务,必须改进服务描述和描述的分发。一些研究的目标是服务的语义描述。然而,在类似点对点的动态环境中(其中服务和注册中心是暂时的),语义Web服务发现不能基于当前的Web服务描述分发机制。基于一组通用需求,我们引入了一个概念性架构,旨在解决动态环境中与语义Web服务发现相关的许多问题。该体系结构基于分布式多注册中心拓扑和活动信息。我们提出了我们在这个体系结构的初始工作中发现的几个研究问题。
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引用次数: 23
期刊
22nd International Conference on Data Engineering Workshops (ICDEW'06)
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