Pub Date : 2020-12-21DOI: 10.13083/reveng.v29i1.8256
Rodrigo Lacerda Brito Neto, Cristiano Tagliaferre, O. L. Lemos, F. A. Rocha, A. D. Paula, Lorena Júlio Gonçalves
ABSTRACT The spatial analysis of watersheds, as well as the evaluation off the changes occurring in their catchment area along the time are essential for the qualification of environmental changes. This study aims to characterize morphometrically the Pardo river watershed, as well as to evaluate the changes in soil use and occupation occurring between 2001 and 2016. The morphometric analysis consisted of the determination of the geometric parameters, relief information and drainage network using Geographic Information Systems. The land use and occupation information was collected through data from the online mapping platform of the Brazilian Mapping and Land Use Mapping (MapBiomas). According to the results, morphometry indicated that the watershed has low propensity to flood occurrence and tendency to conservation; great part of its area is between 600 and 1000 m of altitude, with predominance of undulating and soft-undulating slopes. The analysis of land use and occupation showed that the area devoted to agricultural activities increased during the period evaluated and occupies most of the basin, while the area of ??forests was reduced, the second in size, and these two classes occupy more than 96 % of catchment area.
{"title":"MORPHOLOGY OF PARDO RIVER WATERSHED AT THE BORDER OF THE STATES OF BAHIA AND MINAS GERAIS","authors":"Rodrigo Lacerda Brito Neto, Cristiano Tagliaferre, O. L. Lemos, F. A. Rocha, A. D. Paula, Lorena Júlio Gonçalves","doi":"10.13083/reveng.v29i1.8256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13083/reveng.v29i1.8256","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000The spatial analysis of watersheds, as well as the evaluation off the changes occurring in their catchment area along the time are essential for the qualification of environmental changes. This study aims to characterize morphometrically the Pardo river watershed, as well as to evaluate the changes in soil use and occupation occurring between 2001 and 2016. The morphometric analysis consisted of the determination of the geometric parameters, relief information and drainage network using Geographic Information Systems. The land use and occupation information was collected through data from the online mapping platform of the Brazilian Mapping and Land Use Mapping (MapBiomas). According to the results, morphometry indicated that the watershed has low propensity to flood occurrence and tendency to conservation; great part of its area is between 600 and 1000 m of altitude, with predominance of undulating and soft-undulating slopes. The analysis of land use and occupation showed that the area devoted to agricultural activities increased during the period evaluated and occupies most of the basin, while the area of ??forests was reduced, the second in size, and these two classes occupy more than 96 % of catchment area.","PeriodicalId":33461,"journal":{"name":"Engenharia na Agricultura","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45754431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-18DOI: 10.13083/reveng.v29i1.7320
Gilmar Batista Grigolon, A. Diotto, C. G. Lima, J. Francisco, M. V. Folegatti
The soil hydro-physical characteristics are very important for studies about soil water dynamics. The soil water retention curve it is a soil characteristic sometimes expensive and time consuming to be done and could be a problem for farmers. The numbers of points and its tension evaluated are normally choose arbitrarily. This study aimed to define the fewest pairs of soil moisture and water soil potential points which result in a reliable water retention curve in two different soils (sandy and clay). Using different tensions by suction table and Richards’ pressure chamber, nine replications were adjusted by van Genuchten's equation. Curves with 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 13 points were studied and the curve with 13 points was adopted as standard. The obtained parameters for different pairs of soil moisture and their corresponding soil water potential were compared to the equivalent standard curve and submitted to analysis of variance (F test), and their values were compared by the Scott-Knott test (5% of probability). The curve with 7 points, using the tensions of 0; 40; 100; 300; 1,000; 5,000 e 15,000 hPa, was the lower number of points that did not showed statistical difference in any parameters of the model and the point with 15,000 hPa shown to be important and should be used on the combination of points to obtain a good adjustment.
土壤水物理特性对研究土壤水分动力学具有重要意义。土壤水分保持曲线这是一种土壤特性，有时需要花费大量时间，对农民来说可能是个问题。评估的点数及其张力通常是任意选择的。本研究旨在确定在两种不同土壤（沙质和粘土）中产生可靠保水曲线的土壤水分和水土势点对最少。利用抽吸台和Richards压力室的不同张力，用van Genuchten方程调整了9个重复。对4点、5点、7点、8点、9点、10点和13点的曲线进行了研究，并采用13点曲线作为标准。将获得的不同土壤水分对的参数及其相应的土壤水势与等效标准曲线进行比较，并提交方差分析（F检验），并通过Scott Knott检验（5%的概率）对其值进行比较。曲线有7个点，使用张力为0；40；100；300；1000；5000 e 15000 hPa是在模型的任何参数中都没有显示出统计差异的较低点数，并且15000 hPa的点被证明是重要的，并且应该用于点的组合以获得良好的调整。
{"title":"MINIMUM NUMBER OF POINTS FOR A RELIABLE SOIL WATER RETENTION CURVE USING RICHARDS’ PRESSURE CHAMBER","authors":"Gilmar Batista Grigolon, A. Diotto, C. G. Lima, J. Francisco, M. V. Folegatti","doi":"10.13083/reveng.v29i1.7320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13083/reveng.v29i1.7320","url":null,"abstract":"The soil hydro-physical characteristics are very important for studies about soil water dynamics. The soil water retention curve it is a soil characteristic sometimes expensive and time consuming to be done and could be a problem for farmers. The numbers of points and its tension evaluated are normally choose arbitrarily. This study aimed to define the fewest pairs of soil moisture and water soil potential points which result in a reliable water retention curve in two different soils (sandy and clay). Using different tensions by suction table and Richards’ pressure chamber, nine replications were adjusted by van Genuchten's equation. Curves with 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 13 points were studied and the curve with 13 points was adopted as standard. The obtained parameters for different pairs of soil moisture and their corresponding soil water potential were compared to the equivalent standard curve and submitted to analysis of variance (F test), and their values were compared by the Scott-Knott test (5% of probability). The curve with 7 points, using the tensions of 0; 40; 100; 300; 1,000; 5,000 e 15,000 hPa, was the lower number of points that did not showed statistical difference in any parameters of the model and the point with 15,000 hPa shown to be important and should be used on the combination of points to obtain a good adjustment.","PeriodicalId":33461,"journal":{"name":"Engenharia na Agricultura","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45840209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-15DOI: 10.13083/reveng.v29i1.8217
R. Moreira, J. Corrêa, E. T. Andrade, R. A. Rocha
The mathematical modelling is fundamental for the understanding of the related processes the drying, that influences the quality of the coffee drink. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different relative humidity of the drying air after partial drying on drying kinetics of peeled coffees. Coffee fruits were harvested in the cherry stage and processed by wet, resulting in the portion of peeled coffee. Eleven treatments of drying were accomplished, being nine results of the combination of three dry bulb temperatures and three dew point temperatures, more two treatments without the control of the dew point temperatures. The control of the relative humidity by the dew point temperature was made after the grains reached the partial drying. Among the studied models, those of Diffusion Approximation and Modified Midilli were the most adequate for describing the drying process of the first and second part of drying respectively. The effective diffusivity coefficient of water in coffee grains ranged from 0.81 x 10-11 to 1.84 x 10-11 m² .s-1 during the first part of the drying and ranged from 1.49 x 10-11 to 3.29 x 10-11 m² .s-1 during the second part of the drying, increasing significantly with the reduction of the dew point temperature and increase of the dry bulb temperature.
{"title":"DRYING KINETICS OF PEELED COFFEE SUBMITTED TO DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES AND RELATIVE HUMIDITY OF THE AIR OF DRYING AFTER PARTIAL DRYING","authors":"R. Moreira, J. Corrêa, E. T. Andrade, R. A. Rocha","doi":"10.13083/reveng.v29i1.8217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13083/reveng.v29i1.8217","url":null,"abstract":"The mathematical modelling is fundamental for the understanding of the related processes the drying, that influences the quality of the coffee drink. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different relative humidity of the drying air after partial drying on drying kinetics of peeled coffees. Coffee fruits were harvested in the cherry stage and processed by wet, resulting in the portion of peeled coffee. Eleven treatments of drying were accomplished, being nine results of the combination of three dry bulb temperatures and three dew point temperatures, more two treatments without the control of the dew point temperatures. The control of the relative humidity by the dew point temperature was made after the grains reached the partial drying. Among the studied models, those of Diffusion Approximation and Modified Midilli were the most adequate for describing the drying process of the first and second part of drying respectively. The effective diffusivity coefficient of water in coffee grains ranged from 0.81 x 10-11 to 1.84 x 10-11 m² .s-1 during the first part of the drying and ranged from 1.49 x 10-11 to 3.29 x 10-11 m² .s-1 during the second part of the drying, increasing significantly with the reduction of the dew point temperature and increase of the dry bulb temperature.","PeriodicalId":33461,"journal":{"name":"Engenharia na Agricultura","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44149539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-14DOI: 10.13083/reveng.v29i1.8851
M. S. Campos, E. F. Coelho, Bruno Laecio Silva Pereira, D. Melo, Alisson Jadavi Pereira da Silva, W. L. Simões
The adequate fertigation use bases on the application of nutrients by water according to crop needs throughout its cycle. The evaluation of nutrients in the soil solution may be faster if based upon soil electric conductivity and moisture by using parametric models. The objective of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity of two parametric models for estimating nitrate and potassium concentration in the soil solution under changes of ion concentration during a crop cycle. One model was that from Vogeler et al. (1996) in which ion concentration is a function of soil moisture and electrical conductivity; the other was the potential in which the concentration is a function of the electrical conductivity of the soil solution. The potential model presented a better performance compared to that of adapted from Vogeler, as for estimation of ion concentrations as for the sensitivity of this model to changes in concentration of this ion in the soil solution. The models showed greater sensitivity when fitted to data corresponding to all possible occurrences in the soil during the crop cycle. The model should consider a range of concentrations with the possible values of the soil solution along crop cycle.
{"title":"MODELS FOR ESTIMATING POTASSIUM AND NITRATE TO CHANGES OF ION CONCENTRATION IN SOIL SOLUTION","authors":"M. S. Campos, E. F. Coelho, Bruno Laecio Silva Pereira, D. Melo, Alisson Jadavi Pereira da Silva, W. L. Simões","doi":"10.13083/reveng.v29i1.8851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13083/reveng.v29i1.8851","url":null,"abstract":"The adequate fertigation use bases on the application of nutrients by water according to crop needs throughout its cycle. The evaluation of nutrients in the soil solution may be faster if based upon soil electric conductivity and moisture by using parametric models. The objective of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity of two parametric models for estimating nitrate and potassium concentration in the soil solution under changes of ion concentration during a crop cycle. One model was that from Vogeler et al. (1996) in which ion concentration is a function of soil moisture and electrical conductivity; the other was the potential in which the concentration is a function of the electrical conductivity of the soil solution. The potential model presented a better performance compared to that of adapted from Vogeler, as for estimation of ion concentrations as for the sensitivity of this model to changes in concentration of this ion in the soil solution. The models showed greater sensitivity when fitted to data corresponding to all possible occurrences in the soil during the crop cycle. The model should consider a range of concentrations with the possible values of the soil solution along crop cycle.","PeriodicalId":33461,"journal":{"name":"Engenharia na Agricultura","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42974410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.13083/reveng.v29i1.8201
W. B. Rosa, J. B. Duarte Júnior, G. Tomm, A. C. T. D. Costa, Samara Brandão Queiroz
Providing nutrients in quantities and at the right time is of paramount importance to obtain high yields in canola culture. The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic performance of the Hyola 433 hybrid, submitted to potassium fertilization during flowering, during the 2016/2017 harvest. A randomized block design with four repetitions was used, in a 2x5 factorial scheme, with two canola phenological stages (F1 and F2) and five potassium doses in coverage (0, 15, 30, 60 and 120 kg ha-1). The following phenometric variables were evaluated: emergence at the beginning of flowering (EIF), flowering duration (DFL), maturation duration (DFL) and cycle; as well as agronomic variables: number of silicas per plant (NSP), number of grains per silicas (NGS), plant height (ESP), mass of a thousand grains (MMG), productivity (PRO) and oil content. There was no interaction between application times and potassium doses for MMG, PRO and oil content. The dose of 60 kg ha-1 increased the DFL and the cycle. The maximum number of 309 silicas per plant was obtained with the dose of 120 kg ha-1 of K2O. The increase of potassium concentrations reduced calcium concentration in plant tissue. In general, potassium fertilization during flowering increases the expression of variables related to canola phenology and agronomic performance.
在适当的时间提供大量的营养对于在油菜籽培养中获得高产至关重要。这项工作的目的是评估Hyola 433杂交种在2016/2017年收获期间开花期间施用钾肥的农艺性能。在2x5析因方案中，使用了四次重复的随机区组设计，两个油菜籽酚期（F1和F2）和五个钾剂量（0、15、30、60和120 kg ha-1）。对以下现象变量进行了评价：开花初期出苗（EIF）、开花持续时间（DFL）、成熟持续时间（DFL）和周期；以及农艺变量：单株二氧化硅数量（NSP）、单株二氧化硅粒数（NGS）、株高（ESP）、千粒质量（MMG）、生产力（PRO）和含油量。MMG、PRO和油含量的施用时间和钾剂量之间没有相互作用。60 kg ha-1的剂量增加了DFL和周期。当K2O的剂量为120 kg ha-1时，每株植物获得309个二氧化硅的最大数量。钾浓度的增加降低了植物组织中钙的浓度。一般来说，开花期间施钾会增加与油菜酚系和农艺性状相关的变量的表达。
{"title":"OPTIMIZATION OF CANOLA AGRONOMIC YIELD SUBMITTED TO DIFFERENT DOSES OF POTASSIUM IN FLOWERING","authors":"W. B. Rosa, J. B. Duarte Júnior, G. Tomm, A. C. T. D. Costa, Samara Brandão Queiroz","doi":"10.13083/reveng.v29i1.8201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13083/reveng.v29i1.8201","url":null,"abstract":"Providing nutrients in quantities and at the right time is of paramount importance to obtain high yields in canola culture. The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic performance of the Hyola 433 hybrid, submitted to potassium fertilization during flowering, during the 2016/2017 harvest. A randomized block design with four repetitions was used, in a 2x5 factorial scheme, with two canola phenological stages (F1 and F2) and five potassium doses in coverage (0, 15, 30, 60 and 120 kg ha-1). The following phenometric variables were evaluated: emergence at the beginning of flowering (EIF), flowering duration (DFL), maturation duration (DFL) and cycle; as well as agronomic variables: number of silicas per plant (NSP), number of grains per silicas (NGS), plant height (ESP), mass of a thousand grains (MMG), productivity (PRO) and oil content. There was no interaction between application times and potassium doses for MMG, PRO and oil content. The dose of 60 kg ha-1 increased the DFL and the cycle. The maximum number of 309 silicas per plant was obtained with the dose of 120 kg ha-1 of K2O. The increase of potassium concentrations reduced calcium concentration in plant tissue. In general, potassium fertilization during flowering increases the expression of variables related to canola phenology and agronomic performance.","PeriodicalId":33461,"journal":{"name":"Engenharia na Agricultura","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44535072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-09DOI: 10.13083/reveng.v29i1.8930
Thais Palumbo Silva, S. Nachtigall, M. C. Nunes, Cláudia Liane Rodrigues Lima, Ana Paula Knapp
The intense use of farming land has caused many consequences to the environment, among them, water erosion. The scale study of river basins through modeling allows the identification and estimation of soil losses, aiming at the conservationist planning of the site. The objective of this work was to predict soil loss in the Micaela sub-basin, with an area of ??37 km2 located in the municipality of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul. For the prediction of soil loss, the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) was used. Erosivity was obtained from data from the literature and erodibility was estimated by means of the inherent soil attributes and the topographic factor calculated according to the accumulated flow and declivity in each pixel. For the cover factor, data from the literature were used, according to use recommendation and existing soil cover. The study area shows a strong erosivity, which ranged from 8,045 to 8,833 MJ mm ha-1 h-1 year-1. The Argissolos occupy 81.31% of the sub-basin and present high erodibility, varying from 0.0369 to 0.0422 Mg ha h ha-1 MJ-1 mm -1. The sites with the largest vegetation cover were those with the lowest soil losses. However, in more than 36% of the area, the soil losses are above the tolerable therehsold, indicating that they are more prone to degradation and, therefore, the systems of land use and adopted management should be reviewed.
耕地的大量使用对环境造成了许多后果，其中包括水土流失。通过建模对河流流域进行规模研究，可以识别和估计土壤损失，旨在进行场地的自然保护主义规划。这项工作的目的是预测米凯拉次盆地的土壤损失，面积为？？37平方公里，位于南里奥格兰德州佩洛塔斯市。对于土壤损失的预测，使用了修正的通用土壤损失方程（RUSLE）。侵蚀性是从文献数据中获得的，侵蚀性是通过固有的土壤属性和根据每个像素的累积流量和坡度计算的地形因子来估计的。对于覆盖系数，根据使用建议和现有土壤覆盖，使用了文献中的数据。研究区域显示出强烈的侵蚀性，其范围为8045至8833 MJ mm ha-1 h-1年-1。Argissolos占子盆地的81.31%，具有较高的可蚀性，变化范围为0.0369至0.0422 Mg ha h ha-1 MJ-1 mm-1。植被覆盖率最高的地区是土壤损失最低的地区。然而，在超过36%的地区，土壤损失超过了可容忍的水平，这表明它们更容易退化，因此，应该审查土地利用和采用的管理制度。
{"title":"MODELING OF WATER EROSION IN A SUB-BASIN IN RIO GRANDE DO SUL USING THE RUSLE MODEL","authors":"Thais Palumbo Silva, S. Nachtigall, M. C. Nunes, Cláudia Liane Rodrigues Lima, Ana Paula Knapp","doi":"10.13083/reveng.v29i1.8930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13083/reveng.v29i1.8930","url":null,"abstract":"The intense use of farming land has caused many consequences to the environment, among them, water erosion. The scale study of river basins through modeling allows the identification and estimation of soil losses, aiming at the conservationist planning of the site. The objective of this work was to predict soil loss in the Micaela sub-basin, with an area of ??37 km2 located in the municipality of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul. For the prediction of soil loss, the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) was used. Erosivity was obtained from data from the literature and erodibility was estimated by means of the inherent soil attributes and the topographic factor calculated according to the accumulated flow and declivity in each pixel. For the cover factor, data from the literature were used, according to use recommendation and existing soil cover. The study area shows a strong erosivity, which ranged from 8,045 to 8,833 MJ mm ha-1 h-1 year-1. The Argissolos occupy 81.31% of the sub-basin and present high erodibility, varying from 0.0369 to 0.0422 Mg ha h ha-1 MJ-1 mm -1. The sites with the largest vegetation cover were those with the lowest soil losses. However, in more than 36% of the area, the soil losses are above the tolerable therehsold, indicating that they are more prone to degradation and, therefore, the systems of land use and adopted management should be reviewed.","PeriodicalId":33461,"journal":{"name":"Engenharia na Agricultura","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45019831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-27DOI: 10.13083/reveng.v29i1.8752
C. V. Leite, D. Casaroli, M. R. Vicente, Raphael Cessa Maia Aveiro, J. A. Junior
This study evaluated the Hargreaves model (HG) with seasonal adjustments of the calibration coefficient (Krs) of the radiation equation to estimate the reference evapotranspiration (ETo) in 23 weather stations in Goiás State, Brazil, in comparison to the Penman-Monteith FAO (PM-FAO) standard method. The models were evaluated using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, Willmott’s agreement index, relative error, absolute mean error and root mean square error. The Krs values ranged from 0.146 to 0.189 ° C-0.5, while ETo PM-FAO ranged from 3.68 to 4.79 mm d-1; ETo HG from 3.99 to 5.16 mm d-1 and ETo HG-Krs from 4.15 to 5.02 mm d-1 in the annual period. Seasonal adjustments resulted in values of 0.144 to 0.205 ° C-0.5 for the dry period, from April to September, and 0.144 to 0.146 ° C-0.5 for the rainy period, from October to March. The first quarter (summer), presented Krs values from 0.150 to 0.175 ° C-0.5; the second quarter (autumn), from 0.154 to 0.218 ° C-0.5; the third quarter (winter), from 0.139 to 0.206 ° C-0.5; and, finally, the fourth quarter (spring) of 0.141 to 0.166 ° C-0.5. Thus, the use of the seasonally adjusted model proved to be viable for the estimation of ETo, in view of the simplicity and its good adherence to the standard method.
与Penman-Monteith FAO（PM-FAO）标准方法相比，本研究评估了哈格里夫斯模型（HG），并对辐射方程的校准系数（Krs）进行了季节性调整，以估计巴西戈亚斯州23个气象站的参考蒸散量（ETo）。使用Pearson相关系数、Willmott一致性指数、相对误差、绝对平均误差和均方根误差对模型进行评估。Krs值范围为0.146至0.189°C-0.5，而ETo PM-FAO范围为3.68至4.79 mm d-1；ETo HG为3.99至5.16 mm d-1，ETo HG Krs为4.15至5.02 mm d-1。季节性调整导致干旱期（4月至9月）的数值为0.144至0.205°C-0.5，雨季（10月至3月）的值为0.144～0.146°C-0.5。第一季度（夏季），Krs值为0.150至0.175°C-0.5；第二季度（秋季），从0.154°C-0.5到0.218°C-0.5；第三季度（冬季），从0.139°C-0.5到0.206°C-0.5；最后是0.141至0.166°C-0.5的第四个四分之一（弹簧）。因此，考虑到ETo的简单性及其与标准方法的良好一致性，使用季节性调整模型被证明是可行的。
{"title":"REFERENCE EVAPOTRANSPIRATION THROUGH HARGREAVES METHOD USING THE SOLAR RADIATION ESTIMATION FOR GOIÁS STATE, BRAZIL","authors":"C. V. Leite, D. Casaroli, M. R. Vicente, Raphael Cessa Maia Aveiro, J. A. Junior","doi":"10.13083/reveng.v29i1.8752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13083/reveng.v29i1.8752","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the Hargreaves model (HG) with seasonal adjustments of the calibration coefficient (Krs) of the radiation equation to estimate the reference evapotranspiration (ETo) in 23 weather stations in Goiás State, Brazil, in comparison to the Penman-Monteith FAO (PM-FAO) standard method. The models were evaluated using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, Willmott’s agreement index, relative error, absolute mean error and root mean square error. The Krs values ranged from 0.146 to 0.189 ° C-0.5, while ETo PM-FAO ranged from 3.68 to 4.79 mm d-1; ETo HG from 3.99 to 5.16 mm d-1 and ETo HG-Krs from 4.15 to 5.02 mm d-1 in the annual period. Seasonal adjustments resulted in values of 0.144 to 0.205 ° C-0.5 for the dry period, from April to September, and 0.144 to 0.146 ° C-0.5 for the rainy period, from October to March. The first quarter (summer), presented Krs values from 0.150 to 0.175 ° C-0.5; the second quarter (autumn), from 0.154 to 0.218 ° C-0.5; the third quarter (winter), from 0.139 to 0.206 ° C-0.5; and, finally, the fourth quarter (spring) of 0.141 to 0.166 ° C-0.5. Thus, the use of the seasonally adjusted model proved to be viable for the estimation of ETo, in view of the simplicity and its good adherence to the standard method.","PeriodicalId":33461,"journal":{"name":"Engenharia na Agricultura","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49093615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-23DOI: 10.13083/reveng.v29i1.8733
S. M. Almeida, A. Matos, G. Puiatti, R. T. Barros
Iron ore tailings has acid pH and high content of metals, such as iron, aluminum and manganese. Regarding the environment, these metals poses a risk of contaminating the soil and underground water. Yet, construction residues usually have high pH and because of this, they can be used to neutralize soil acidity and to reduce metal availability in mining tailing piles. The objective of this study was to evaluate the aplicabilith of CW to promote neutralization of the acidity in iron ore tailings aiming at decreasing the solubility and mobilith of metal found in them. Thus, a sample of construction waste was collected and characterized which was later incorporated at different doses into a sample of iron mining tailing collected in the Iron Quadrangle (Minas Gerais – Brazil). The construction waste raised the pH of the tailing sample from 5.58 to 8.22. Moreover, the incorporation of the waste incorporation decreased the manganese solubility in at least 80%. Despite the lack of national legislations and policies on the use of construction waste for this purpose, the results show that it is a promising technological alternative.
{"title":"APPLICATION OF THE CONSTRUCTION WASTE AS A REDUCING AGENT IN THE SOLUBILITY OF IRON TAILING METALS","authors":"S. M. Almeida, A. Matos, G. Puiatti, R. T. Barros","doi":"10.13083/reveng.v29i1.8733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13083/reveng.v29i1.8733","url":null,"abstract":"Iron ore tailings has acid pH and high content of metals, such as iron, aluminum and manganese. Regarding the environment, these metals poses a risk of contaminating the soil and underground water. Yet, construction residues usually have high pH and because of this, they can be used to neutralize soil acidity and to reduce metal availability in mining tailing piles. The objective of this study was to evaluate the aplicabilith of CW to promote neutralization of the acidity in iron ore tailings aiming at decreasing the solubility and mobilith of metal found in them. Thus, a sample of construction waste was collected and characterized which was later incorporated at different doses into a sample of iron mining tailing collected in the Iron Quadrangle (Minas Gerais – Brazil). The construction waste raised the pH of the tailing sample from 5.58 to 8.22. Moreover, the incorporation of the waste incorporation decreased the manganese solubility in at least 80%. Despite the lack of national legislations and policies on the use of construction waste for this purpose, the results show that it is a promising technological alternative.","PeriodicalId":33461,"journal":{"name":"Engenharia na Agricultura","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45354123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-06DOI: 10.13083/reveng.v28i.8520
V. R. Castro, L. J. Costa, Wilton Ribeiro de Almeida Filho
The objective of this work was to identify, diagnose and characterize the sawmills in four municipalities in the State of Minas Gerais (Divinésia, Senador Firmino, Brás Pires and Dores do Turvo) that provide lumber for the industries in the Furniture Hub in Ubá, State of Minas Gerais. A semi-structured questionnaire with open questions, answered in loco and accompanied by a responsible person (interviewer), with information on the identification of the potentialities and fragilities of the local lumber sector as well as to know the raw material (logs), the wood split processes, the internal management, the qualification of the employees, the machinery, products, market and prospects of the sector in these municipalities. It was found that Eucalyptus wood is the most used. The diameter of the logs is shown as the factor that affects the yield in 100% of the analyzed sawmills, where cracking and variability of the logs are the main difficulties of working with the raw material. The lumber sector in the analyzed municipalities needs a greater qualification, both managerial and technical, to improve the activity. In addition, it is necessary to better organize the companies related to the lumber sector through associations and support from local entities and greater exposure of the products to the local consumers.
这项工作的目的是确定、诊断和描述米纳斯吉拉斯州四个城市的锯木厂(divin、Senador Firmino、Brás Pires和Dores do Turvo)，这些锯木厂为米纳斯吉拉斯州乌布家具中心的工业提供木材。一份带有开放式问题的半结构化问卷，由一名负责人(采访者)现场回答，并提供有关当地木材部门潜力和脆弱性的信息，以及了解这些城市的原材料(原木)、木材劈裂过程、内部管理、员工资格、机械、产品、市场和该部门前景的信息。研究发现，桉树是最常用的木材。在分析的锯木厂中，原木的直径是100%影响产量的因素，在锯木厂中，原木的开裂和变化是处理原材料的主要困难。所分析的城市的木材部门需要更高的管理和技术资格，以改善活动。此外，有必要通过协会和当地实体的支持，更好地组织与木材部门有关的公司，并向当地消费者更多地展示产品。
{"title":"PROFILE OF SAWMILLS IN THE UBÁ FURNITURE HUB IN THE STATE OF MINAS GERAIS","authors":"V. R. Castro, L. J. Costa, Wilton Ribeiro de Almeida Filho","doi":"10.13083/reveng.v28i.8520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13083/reveng.v28i.8520","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this work was to identify, diagnose and characterize the sawmills in four municipalities in the State of Minas Gerais (Divinésia, Senador Firmino, Brás Pires and Dores do Turvo) that provide lumber for the industries in the Furniture Hub in Ubá, State of Minas Gerais. A semi-structured questionnaire with open questions, answered in loco and accompanied by a responsible person (interviewer), with information on the identification of the potentialities and fragilities of the local lumber sector as well as to know the raw material (logs), the wood split processes, the internal management, the qualification of the employees, the machinery, products, market and prospects of the sector in these municipalities. It was found that Eucalyptus wood is the most used. The diameter of the logs is shown as the factor that affects the yield in 100% of the analyzed sawmills, where cracking and variability of the logs are the main difficulties of working with the raw material. The lumber sector in the analyzed municipalities needs a greater qualification, both managerial and technical, to improve the activity. In addition, it is necessary to better organize the companies related to the lumber sector through associations and support from local entities and greater exposure of the products to the local consumers.","PeriodicalId":33461,"journal":{"name":"Engenharia na Agricultura","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42121020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-23DOI: 10.13083/REVENG.V28I.8034
Luis H. B. Ben, M. X. Peiter, A. D. Robaina, R. R. Torres, J. H. Kirchner
The costs involved in the implementation and operation of irrigation systems are of paramount importance for the economic planning of irrigated agriculture. Therefore, the objective of this work was to determine the implantation, fixed and annual variables costs, and the occurrence of economies of scale for a fixed conventional sprinkler irrigation system for different area sizes and slope in the impulsion line. Thus, irrigation projects were developed for areas of 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 ha and slopes in the pumping pipe of 7 and 15%. Also, this work evaluated the implementation, annual fixed and variable costs and their components and the occurrence of economy of scale. The implementation, fixed and variable costs increased as the size of the area increased, but for the fixed and implementation costs, an increase was observed due to the exponential cost of the pipes and their greater participation in the total cost and the variable cost was because the maintenance follows the implementation cost. Therefore, the cost with the pipelines has greater participation in the implementation of the system. The cost of implementation and the total fixed and variable costs raised with the increases in the size of the irrigated area. The variable cost of energy is constant as area size is increased and the raise is by approximately 5.2%, as the slope increases from 7 to 15%. The increasing in the size of the irrigated area provides diseconomies of scale.
{"title":"FIXED CONVENTIONAL SPRINKLER IRRIGATION SYSTEM: COMPONENTS OF COST AND ECONOMY OF SCALE","authors":"Luis H. B. Ben, M. X. Peiter, A. D. Robaina, R. R. Torres, J. H. Kirchner","doi":"10.13083/REVENG.V28I.8034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13083/REVENG.V28I.8034","url":null,"abstract":"The costs involved in the implementation and operation of irrigation systems are of paramount importance for the economic planning of irrigated agriculture. Therefore, the objective of this work was to determine the implantation, fixed and annual variables costs, and the occurrence of economies of scale for a fixed conventional sprinkler irrigation system for different area sizes and slope in the impulsion line. Thus, irrigation projects were developed for areas of 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 ha and slopes in the pumping pipe of 7 and 15%. Also, this work evaluated the implementation, annual fixed and variable costs and their components and the occurrence of economy of scale. The implementation, fixed and variable costs increased as the size of the area increased, but for the fixed and implementation costs, an increase was observed due to the exponential cost of the pipes and their greater participation in the total cost and the variable cost was because the maintenance follows the implementation cost. Therefore, the cost with the pipelines has greater participation in the implementation of the system. The cost of implementation and the total fixed and variable costs raised with the increases in the size of the irrigated area. The variable cost of energy is constant as area size is increased and the raise is by approximately 5.2%, as the slope increases from 7 to 15%. The increasing in the size of the irrigated area provides diseconomies of scale.","PeriodicalId":33461,"journal":{"name":"Engenharia na Agricultura","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41455031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：