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Respiratory tract infections – Always a trigger for developing dka in children with type 1 diabetes? 呼吸道感染——总是1型糖尿病儿童患dka的诱因?
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.37897/rjp.2023.1.4
Andrei Condrea, A. Grama, O. Grama
Respiratory tract infections are usually the most common infections in pediatric patients, including in those with diabetes. A low control on the glucose levels makes the diabetic patient more vulnerable to get an infectious disease and even to develop serious complications, such as diabetic ketoacidosis. We present you two clinical cases, showing, in parallel, children diagnosed with Type 1 Diabetes, who, facing the same stress factor -infection-, show a different response of their immune system. A conscientious maintenance of the disease, regular check-ups and a good knowledge of the risk factors are the key to avoid the occurrence of diabetic ketoacidosis.
呼吸道感染通常是儿科患者最常见的感染,包括糖尿病患者。对血糖水平的低控制使糖尿病患者更容易患上传染病,甚至出现严重并发症,如糖尿病酮症酸中毒。我们为您呈现两个临床病例,同时显示被诊断为1型糖尿病的儿童,他们面临相同的压力因素——感染——,表现出不同的免疫系统反应。认真维护疾病,定期检查并充分了解危险因素是避免糖尿病酮症酸中毒发生的关键。
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引用次数: 0
A study on prevalence of anemia in school going Yanadi tribal children of Nellore District, Andhra Pradesh, India 印度安得拉邦内洛尔地区亚纳迪部落儿童贫血患病率研究
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.37897/rjp.2023.1.7
Sarvepalli Vijaya Kumar, Skandha S. Harshita
Owing to the living condition, tribal community is at higher risk for diet-associated health disorders. The indigenous tribal populations like “The Yanadi”, residing in state of Andhra Pradesh in India. Being in the lower economic strata, they are deprived of proper food and access to basic health facilities is also constrained. Yanadi tribal children exhibit characteristic features of IDA, stunted growth, wasting and lower cognitive skills, which significantly affects their education. The study investigated the prevalence of anemia in 384 male Yanadi tribal schoolchildren aged 6-14 years and multiple approaches were adopted for survey-based data on social, economic and environment variables of the study-cohort was gathered along with anthropometric information. It was observed that huge majority of the tribal parents lacked primary school education and economic condition of such families is under dilapidating state, leading to consumption of improper food. Strikingly, 56% of the children exhibited the commonest symptom of anemia, pale conjunctiva. Overall analysis of the study participating children, following the WHO grading, close to 28% were found to be anemic and hemoglobin content (g/L) was observed to be close in both age groups, 11 to 14 years (11.889±1.123) and 7 to 10 years (11.734±1.309). Largely, the Yanadi tribal children projected cognitive impairment in the form of poor memory function (33%), down regulated cognitive functions (46%), and impaired attention functions (74.5%). It is somewhat relieving to see that anemia amongst Yanadi male children is not as severe as observed in children of other populations, as reported. However, the study projects out impaired cognitive and behavior skills amongst the participants, emphasizing the need of extending the study in a larger cohort.
由于生活条件,部落社区患与饮食有关的健康失调的风险较高。土著部落人口,如“雅纳迪人”,居住在印度安得拉邦。由于处于较低的经济阶层,他们被剥夺了适当的食物,获得基本保健设施的机会也受到限制。雅纳迪部落儿童表现出IDA的特征,发育迟缓,消瘦和认知能力低下,这严重影响了他们的教育。该研究调查了384名6-14岁男性雅纳迪族学童的贫血患病率,并采用多种方法收集了基于调查的研究队列的社会、经济和环境变量数据以及人体测量信息。据观察,绝大多数部落父母缺乏小学教育,这些家庭的经济状况处于破败状态,导致消费不当的食物。引人注目的是,56%的儿童表现出最常见的贫血症状,苍白的结膜。对参与研究的儿童进行总体分析,根据WHO分级,近28%的儿童发现贫血,血红蛋白含量(g/L)在11 ~ 14岁(11.889±1.123)和7 ~ 10岁(11.734±1.309)两个年龄组中均接近。在很大程度上,雅纳迪部落儿童的认知障碍表现为记忆功能差(33%),认知功能下降(46%)和注意力功能受损(74.5%)。令人欣慰的是,亚纳迪族男性儿童的贫血并不像报道中所述的其他人群儿童那样严重。然而,该研究在参与者中发现了认知和行为能力受损,强调需要将研究扩展到更大的队列中。
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引用次数: 0
Fertility issues among pediatric oncology patients – short communication 儿科肿瘤患者的生育问题——简短交流
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.37897/rjp.2023.1.5
Vlad Dima, R. Bohîlțea, A. Toma, R. Bors, V. Varlas, A. Davitoiu
Childhood cancer survival rates are constantly improving due to treatment. Fertility research has focused on adult cancer patients, but studies among childhood cancer survivors who reach reproductive age are rare and mainly based on small numbers of patients. This is surprising as childhood cancer survivors constitute a distinct, ever-growing population that may have temporarily or permanently impaired fertility due to cancer treatment. Thus, the basic scientific concern specific to the pediatric population has focused on improving protection techniques and cryopreserved tissue transfer. Research on preservation techniques confirms the safety of surgical retrieval of gonadal (ovarian and testicular) tissue for cryopreservation. Outcomes may improve, but it is clear that large registries of long-term follow-up of patients are needed. Current research efforts imply the need to develop a national strategy in each country to ensure the education and information of pediatric patients undergoing gonadotoxic regimens and their families about fertility options and subsequent outcomes and give them the opportunity to join such programs.
儿童癌症的存活率由于治疗而不断提高。生育研究主要针对成年癌症患者,但对达到生育年龄的儿童癌症幸存者的研究很少,而且主要基于少数患者。这是令人惊讶的,因为癌症儿童幸存者构成了一个独特的、不断增长的群体,他们可能因癌症治疗而暂时或永久丧失生育能力。因此,儿科人群的基本科学关注点集中在改进保护技术和冷冻保存组织转移上。保存技术的研究证实了手术取出性腺(卵巢和睾丸)组织进行冷冻保存的安全性。结果可能会有所改善,但很明显,需要对患者进行大规模的长期随访。目前的研究工作意味着需要在每个国家制定一项国家战略,以确保接受性腺毒性治疗的儿科患者及其家人了解生育选择和后续结果的教育和信息,并让他们有机会加入这些项目。
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引用次数: 0
Patent Ductus Venosus in an early term infant with mild respiratory distress – Case report 轻度呼吸窘迫的早期婴儿静脉导管未闭——病例报告
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.37897/rjp.2023.1.3
Maria-Andreea Racean, L. Suciu, Cristina Blesneac, M. Pop, C. Mărginean
Patent ductus venosus is an extremely rare form of congenital portosystemic shunt that results in the diversion of portal blood into the systemic circulation, decreasing hepatic blood flow and increasing blood volume and toxic substances in the systemic circulation. We present a clinical case of a male infant born at 37 5/7 weeks gestational age with patent ductus venosus. Because very few cases of patent ductus venosus have been reported, the prudent approach it would be to perform serial Doppler studies and laboratory tests to follow the course of the ductus venosus until closure and to intervene if the infant becomes unstable and symptomatic. The medical team decided that the conservative management in this case was a better choice, since the infant remained stable with good growth.
静脉导管未闭是一种极为罕见的先天性门体分流术,会导致门静脉血转移到系统循环中,减少肝血流量,增加血容量和系统循环中的有毒物质。我们报告了一例临床病例,一名37 5/7周龄出生的男性婴儿患有静脉导管未闭。由于很少有静脉导管未闭的病例报告,因此谨慎的方法是进行一系列多普勒研究和实验室测试,以跟踪静脉导管的过程,直到闭合,并在婴儿变得不稳定和有症状时进行干预。医疗团队认为,在这种情况下,保守治疗是一个更好的选择,因为婴儿保持稳定,生长良好。
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引用次数: 0
Articles REVIEW – Romanian Journal of Pediatrics (RJP), 4th issue, 2018 文章综述-罗马尼亚儿科杂志(RJP) 2018年第4期
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-03-28 DOI: 10.37897/rjp.2018.5.4
Emma Constantinescu, Teodora Jescu, Cristian Carstoiu, Mihai Cristian Popescu
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引用次数: 0
Articles REVIEW – Romanian Journal of Pediatrics (RJP), 3rd issue, 2018 文章综述-罗马尼亚儿科杂志(RJP), 2018年第3期
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2023-03-28 DOI: 10.37897/rjp.2018.5.3
Teodora Jescu, Emma Constantinescu, Cristian Carstoiu, Mihai Cristian Popescu
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引用次数: 0
Diagnosis, prophylaxis and treatment of oral complications in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. A narrative review 儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病口腔并发症的诊断、预防和治疗。叙述性评论
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.37897/rjp.2022.4.5
L. Lazăr, C. Bică, Timea Dakó, M. Suciu, A. Lazar
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a malignant condition defined by the proliferation of immature hematopoietic bone marrow cells, which replace the normal bone marrow elements. Furthermore, immature cells will accumulate in various areas of the body. Chemotherapeutic drugs are cytotoxic and have unwanted effects on normal cells. This toxicity is acute, or it may be chronic. Approximately 60% of survivors of ALL will suffer from one or more health problems or adverse side effects of this treatment. Oral complications are a frequent consequence of oncology therapy in pediatric patients. Xerostomia, carious lesions, gingivitis, tumors of the oral cavity, bone deformities of the jaw, temporomandibular joint disorders, trismus, and infections due to abundant microbial flora are common in these children. The risk of dental anomalies (dental or root agenesis, root malformations, enamel defects, dental hypoplasia) is higher in those who started treatment before permanent teeth erupt. All children are at risk of developing oral lesions due to poor hygiene, but children who have survived cancer are at even higher risk. The survival rate of children diagnosed with ALL has significantly increased thanks to remarkable advances in chemotherapy. Therefore, it is important that these patients are constantly monitored by the dentist to treat complications arising from the treatments in a timely manner. In children diagnosed with ALL, oral health is of great importance as the oral environment changes as a side effect of hematological disorders and their treatments. Treatment of carious lesions, periodontal problems and lesions of the oral mucosa must be done before starting chemotherapy by cleaning the oral cavity to eliminate any possible risk of infection. The participation of the dentist is important in improving the preventive protocols and oral examination of the pathological processes that occur in children with ALL. Interdisciplinary collaboration between physicians is essential during the treatment of pediatric cancer patients.
急性淋巴细胞白血病(Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, ALL)是一种恶性疾病,其特征是未成熟的造血骨髓细胞增生,取代了正常的骨髓元素。此外,未成熟的细胞会积聚在身体的各个部位。化疗药物具有细胞毒性,对正常细胞有不良影响。这种毒性是急性的,也可能是慢性的。大约60%的ALL幸存者将遭受一种或多种健康问题或这种治疗的不良副作用。口腔并发症是儿科患者肿瘤治疗的常见后果。口腔干燥、龋齿、牙龈炎、口腔肿瘤、颚骨畸形、颞下颌关节紊乱、牙关紧闭以及由大量微生物菌群引起的感染在这些儿童中很常见。在恒牙长出之前就开始治疗的患者患牙畸形(牙或牙根发育不全、牙根畸形、牙釉质缺损、牙发育不全)的风险较高。由于卫生条件差,所有儿童都有患口腔病变的风险,但癌症幸存者的风险更高。由于化疗的显著进步,被诊断患有ALL的儿童的存活率显著提高。因此,这些病人必须由牙医持续监测,以及时处理治疗过程中出现的并发症。在被诊断为ALL的儿童中,口腔健康是非常重要的,因为口腔环境的改变是血液系统疾病及其治疗的副作用。治疗龋齿、牙周问题和口腔黏膜损伤必须在化疗开始前进行,清洁口腔以消除任何可能的感染风险。牙医的参与是重要的,以改善预防方案和口腔检查的病理过程,发生在儿童ALL。在儿科癌症患者的治疗过程中,医生之间的跨学科合作是必不可少的。
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引用次数: 0
Lung ultrasound in neonatal intensive care unit, an alternative to the chest X Ray 新生儿重症监护病房的肺部超声检查,是胸部X光检查的替代选择
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.37897/rjp.2022.4.4
Diana Iulia Vasilescu, Cristina Elena Chiriac, M. Mihai, Vlad Dima, A. Dan
Introduction. Chest X-ray (CXR) has been for decades the most practiced diagnostic tool in respiratory pathology, an available and sometimes life-saving investigation, but we must admit that it has also long-term risks. X-rays can destroy living tissues, affecting DNA and producing genetic mutations Objective. Reducing the exposure of the newborn to ionizing radiation. Material and method. We have analyzed the diagnostic correlation between CXR and lung ultrasound (LUS) for newborns with respiratory pathology admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Emergency University Hospital Bucharest. They required a chest X-ray, and we correlated the ultrasound appearance with the radiological one. Results. Acknowledging the normal appearance of LUS, multiple neonatal pathologies can be identified and monitored by pulmonary ultrasound, avoiding chest X-ray. Conclusions. Lung ultrasound proved to be a very useful tool, always handy, easy to perform, reproducible, provides the image promptly, and is immediately integrated clinically into the medical thinking at the patient’s bedside, therefore it should become standard of care.
介绍。几十年来,胸部x光(CXR)一直是呼吸系统病理学中最常用的诊断工具,是一种可用的、有时可以挽救生命的检查,但我们必须承认,它也有长期风险。x射线能破坏活组织,影响DNA并产生基因突变。减少新生儿接触电离辐射。材料和方法。我们分析了在布加勒斯特急救大学医院新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)就诊的新生儿中,CXR和肺超声(LUS)的诊断相关性。他们需要进行胸部x光检查,我们将超声检查结果与放射检查结果联系起来。结果。承认LUS的正常外观,可以通过肺部超声识别和监测多种新生儿病理,避免胸部x线检查。结论。肺部超声被证明是一种非常有用的工具,总是方便,易于执行,可重复性,提供图像及时,并立即融入临床的医学思维在病人的床边,因此它应该成为标准的护理。
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引用次数: 0
Diagnosis and management of congenital chylothorax 先天性乳糜胸的诊断与治疗
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.37897/rjp.2022.4.1
V. Varlas, Vlad Dima, R. Bors
Congenital chylothorax, the accumulation of lymph in the pleural space, is a rare and serious condition that can appear alone or accompany congenital anomalies. Ultrasonography and pleural fluid analysis can diagnose it early from the fetal period. Both prenatal and postnatal therapeutic interventions improve the fetal prognosis and decrease the rate of complications.
先天性乳糜胸是一种罕见而严重的疾病,可单独出现或伴随先天性异常。超声检查和胸腔积液分析可在胎儿期早期诊断。产前和产后治疗干预均可改善胎儿预后,降低并发症发生率。
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引用次数: 0
Cerebral palsy in Morocco: state of affairs and challenges 摩洛哥的脑瘫:事态和挑战
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.37897/rjp.2022.4.7
N. Kissani, Reine Joephane Bikouta Ouadika, H. Arabi, S. Khalfaoui, Y. Abdelfettah
Cerebral palsy (CP) constitutes a major public health problem in Morocco; there is a lack of prevalence and incidence studies. Objectives. The aim of our work is to study and analyze the epidemiological profile of disability, list the challenges and pitfalls concerning the management of CP in Morocco and developing countries, and highlight practical recommendations for health policymakers in terms of CP in particular and disability in general. Material and methods. Authors performed a literature search using MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCIENCE DIRECT, and Google scholar, but also searched in international and local journals to identify articles that examined CP in Morocco. Combination of keywords, such as “Cerebral Palsy” “disability” and “nervous system”, and matching it with “Morocco”, or other developing countries. Outcomes. There are an unsatisfactory number of specialists in physical medicine, lack of good collaboration between specialists involved in CP management and physiotherapists. This situation is more pronounced in small cities and rural areas. However, in Morocco compared to other developing countries, as in Sub-Saharan Africa, the situation is much better. Conclusion. CP is becoming a priority of Moroccan ministry of health and ministry of social affairs and huge improvements are made, mainly in university hospitals, the use of new techniques and reducing the management gap of regional hospitals, and rural areas with the recent use of tele rehabilitation.
在摩洛哥,脑瘫是一个重大的公共卫生问题;缺乏患病率和发病率的研究。目标。我们的工作目的是研究和分析残疾的流行病学概况,列出摩洛哥和发展中国家关于CP管理的挑战和陷阱,并强调卫生政策制定者在CP和一般残疾方面的实用建议。材料和方法。作者使用MEDLINE、EMBASE、SCIENCE DIRECT和谷歌scholar进行了文献检索,但也检索了国际和当地期刊,以确定关于摩洛哥CP的文章。组合关键词,如“脑瘫”、“残疾”、“神经系统”,并将其与“摩洛哥”或其他发展中国家相匹配。结果。物理医学专家数量不足,CP管理专家与物理治疗师之间缺乏良好的合作。这种情况在小城市和农村地区更为明显。然而,与撒哈拉以南非洲的其他发展中国家相比,摩洛哥的情况要好得多。结论。CP正在成为摩洛哥卫生部和社会事务部的一个优先事项,并取得了巨大的改善,主要是在大学医院,使用新技术和缩小区域医院的管理差距,以及农村地区最近使用远程康复。
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引用次数: 0
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Revista Romana de Pediatrie
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