Pub Date : 2019-12-13DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.89264
Emily Karoline Bezerra Ribeiro, Bianca Dayse da Silva Nascimento, Marlon Madeiro Brasiliano, Gabriel Barreto Fernandes de Almeida Gomes, Danny Paollo Leite de Arruda, Wanessa Kelly Vieira Vasconcelos, José Fellipe Soares Maranhão, Eric de Lucena Barbosa, L. S. Leandro, Marcos Antônio de Araújo Leite Filho, Ramon Cuncha Montenegro, Carlos Renato Paz
Comparison of cognitive performance among elderly people practicing training with weights and sedentary lifestyle. Estudy descriptive, cross-sectional and comparative, composition for 24 elderly between 60 and 70 years, divided into 2 groups, (G1) submitted to weight training and sedentary (G2). The G1 was submitted to 32 training sessions with traditional weight. Both groups were submitted to CogState® computerized cognitive testing batteries. The data were not parametric, using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for the analysis of the dispersion curve and the Mann-Whitney test in the comparison of the cognitive performance variables. The results were performed with a significance level of 0.05 by the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS®), version 16.0. The best cognitive performance was observed among the elderly practicing resistance exercises, as well as significant differences in the TRS and TRE variables. Elderly people who exercise with weights when compared with cognitive performance demonstrate results of the paradigms when compared to the elderly. With this, he concludes that weight training is effective in improving cognitive performance.
{"title":"Comparison of Cognitive Performance between Elderly Training Practices with Weights and Sedentaria","authors":"Emily Karoline Bezerra Ribeiro, Bianca Dayse da Silva Nascimento, Marlon Madeiro Brasiliano, Gabriel Barreto Fernandes de Almeida Gomes, Danny Paollo Leite de Arruda, Wanessa Kelly Vieira Vasconcelos, José Fellipe Soares Maranhão, Eric de Lucena Barbosa, L. S. Leandro, Marcos Antônio de Araújo Leite Filho, Ramon Cuncha Montenegro, Carlos Renato Paz","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.89264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.89264","url":null,"abstract":"Comparison of cognitive performance among elderly people practicing training with weights and sedentary lifestyle. Estudy descriptive, cross-sectional and comparative, composition for 24 elderly between 60 and 70 years, divided into 2 groups, (G1) submitted to weight training and sedentary (G2). The G1 was submitted to 32 training sessions with traditional weight. Both groups were submitted to CogState® computerized cognitive testing batteries. The data were not parametric, using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for the analysis of the dispersion curve and the Mann-Whitney test in the comparison of the cognitive performance variables. The results were performed with a significance level of 0.05 by the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS®), version 16.0. The best cognitive performance was observed among the elderly practicing resistance exercises, as well as significant differences in the TRS and TRE variables. Elderly people who exercise with weights when compared with cognitive performance demonstrate results of the paradigms when compared to the elderly. With this, he concludes that weight training is effective in improving cognitive performance.","PeriodicalId":335198,"journal":{"name":"Cardiorespiratory Fitness","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126132462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-17DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.88309
R. Sampieri-Cabrera, Gustavo Lopez-Toledo, J. M. Aceves-Hernández, V. Inclán-Rubio
Since it was discovered, ischemic preconditioning (IPC) has motivated research groups around the world to develop preconditioning protocols capable of protecting tissues against prolonged insults. In 31 years of study, promising results have been obtained on the beneficial role of the CPI and the mechanisms involved in its regulation. Also, different preconditioning protocols that have obtained results similar to the classic CPI have been developed, among which is the exercise-induced preconditioning (EP), that has been proven to protect the heart against an insult, mitigate the atrophy of the heart muscle and increase physical performance in athletes and/or athletes.
{"title":"Ischemic Preconditioning in Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle Induced by Exercise","authors":"R. Sampieri-Cabrera, Gustavo Lopez-Toledo, J. M. Aceves-Hernández, V. Inclán-Rubio","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.88309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.88309","url":null,"abstract":"Since it was discovered, ischemic preconditioning (IPC) has motivated research groups around the world to develop preconditioning protocols capable of protecting tissues against prolonged insults. In 31 years of study, promising results have been obtained on the beneficial role of the CPI and the mechanisms involved in its regulation. Also, different preconditioning protocols that have obtained results similar to the classic CPI have been developed, among which is the exercise-induced preconditioning (EP), that has been proven to protect the heart against an insult, mitigate the atrophy of the heart muscle and increase physical performance in athletes and/or athletes.","PeriodicalId":335198,"journal":{"name":"Cardiorespiratory Fitness","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115707266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-10DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.83586
Ćopić Nemanja, Đorđević Marina, R. Slađana, Maksimović Miloš, Dopsaj Milivoj
The aim of this study is to determine if certain lifestyle and habits influence the characteristics of body composition among young females in Serbia. The research included 248 randomly chosen females between 18 and 29 years of age. Data about physical activity were collected via validated questionnaire. In determining body composition, we relied on the instrument InBody 720, which enabled us to define the variables: body height (BH), body weight (BW), body fat mass percentage (BFM%), skeletal muscle mass percentage (SMM%), and visceral fat (VFA). In addition, we determined variables indexed for body height (BMI, FFMI, and FMI). On the basis of the results of regression analysis, we selected a mathematical model with the highest degree of prediction for body composition (BSC) = (cid:1) 64.554 + (0.092 (cid:3) BW) + ( (cid:1) 0.107 (cid:3) BMI) + ( (cid:1) 1.001 (cid:3) FMI) + (1.353 (cid:3) SMM%) + ( (cid:1) 0.626 (cid:3) BFM%) + ( (cid:1) 0.079 (cid:3) VFA) + (4.894 (cid:3) FFMI). Our correspondents had normal BMI, above average % BFM, VFA — 50.8 cm 2 , FFMI in the range of normal and high and normal FMI. The score of physical activity (LSS) stood at the moderate level (9.29 (cid:4) 3.72). LSS statistically correlated significantly with all tested variables of body composition, except with BW. The highest degree of correlation has been between LSS in relation to BFM% and SMM% ( (cid:1) 0.408 and 0.461, respectively).
{"title":"Relation between Lifestyle and Body Composition among Young Females in Serbia of 18–29 Years of Age","authors":"Ćopić Nemanja, Đorđević Marina, R. Slađana, Maksimović Miloš, Dopsaj Milivoj","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.83586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.83586","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to determine if certain lifestyle and habits influence the characteristics of body composition among young females in Serbia. The research included 248 randomly chosen females between 18 and 29 years of age. Data about physical activity were collected via validated questionnaire. In determining body composition, we relied on the instrument InBody 720, which enabled us to define the variables: body height (BH), body weight (BW), body fat mass percentage (BFM%), skeletal muscle mass percentage (SMM%), and visceral fat (VFA). In addition, we determined variables indexed for body height (BMI, FFMI, and FMI). On the basis of the results of regression analysis, we selected a mathematical model with the highest degree of prediction for body composition (BSC) = (cid:1) 64.554 + (0.092 (cid:3) BW) + ( (cid:1) 0.107 (cid:3) BMI) + ( (cid:1) 1.001 (cid:3) FMI) + (1.353 (cid:3) SMM%) + ( (cid:1) 0.626 (cid:3) BFM%) + ( (cid:1) 0.079 (cid:3) VFA) + (4.894 (cid:3) FFMI). Our correspondents had normal BMI, above average % BFM, VFA — 50.8 cm 2 , FFMI in the range of normal and high and normal FMI. The score of physical activity (LSS) stood at the moderate level (9.29 (cid:4) 3.72). LSS statistically correlated significantly with all tested variables of body composition, except with BW. The highest degree of correlation has been between LSS in relation to BFM% and SMM% ( (cid:1) 0.408 and 0.461, respectively).","PeriodicalId":335198,"journal":{"name":"Cardiorespiratory Fitness","volume":"51 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124534224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-06DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.84218
H. Kilani, Abdulsalam Al-Za’abi, Areej Kilani, Laila Kilani
Information on the health status in modern society and developed countries depicts an increase in noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as diabetes, overweight, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. An examination of factors related to this increase shows that there is a shift in the daily practices of the people, and especially children in all ages, as they grow older toward a more sedentary lifestyle. This chapter concentrated on the term used to describe lifelong changes in function that follow a particular event in an earlier period of the life span, which is called programming. These include the lifestyle in the fetus, pregnant woman, and parents; all of which affect pronounce metabolic syndrome in later life of adult. Therefore, regular physical activity and living systematic healthy lifestyle in the prenatal stages are of importance to genetic modification of inheritance for future generations.
{"title":"Fetal-Neonatal Lifestyle Basis of the Adult Metabolic Syndrome Patients","authors":"H. Kilani, Abdulsalam Al-Za’abi, Areej Kilani, Laila Kilani","doi":"10.5772/intechopen.84218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.84218","url":null,"abstract":"Information on the health status in modern society and developed countries depicts an increase in noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as diabetes, overweight, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. An examination of factors related to this increase shows that there is a shift in the daily practices of the people, and especially children in all ages, as they grow older toward a more sedentary lifestyle. This chapter concentrated on the term used to describe lifelong changes in function that follow a particular event in an earlier period of the life span, which is called programming. These include the lifestyle in the fetus, pregnant woman, and parents; all of which affect pronounce metabolic syndrome in later life of adult. Therefore, regular physical activity and living systematic healthy lifestyle in the prenatal stages are of importance to genetic modification of inheritance for future generations.","PeriodicalId":335198,"journal":{"name":"Cardiorespiratory Fitness","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133173036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-26DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.86824
V. Grün, M. Gimunová, H. Válková
This study discusses the heart rate (HR) in people with intellectual disability (ID) comparing the resting HR and HR after 2 minutes of exercise of athletes participating in Special Olympics (SO) in table tennis (TT) and cross-country (XC) skiing (XC skiing, 50 m, 1 km, and 3 km). The results showed a similar increase between the resting HR and HR after 2 minutes of exercise for TT players and XC skiers competing in 3 km race. Changes in HR in XC skiers competing in 50 m and 1 km races between the rest and exercise were noticeably higher indicating their lower fitness. Future studies focused on the relationship of HR variables, and training quality will provide a more detailed knowledge of the cardiorespiratory fitness and ID relationship.
{"title":"Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Intellectual Disability","authors":"V. Grün, M. Gimunová, H. Válková","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.86824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.86824","url":null,"abstract":"This study discusses the heart rate (HR) in people with intellectual disability (ID) comparing the resting HR and HR after 2 minutes of exercise of athletes participating in Special Olympics (SO) in table tennis (TT) and cross-country (XC) skiing (XC skiing, 50 m, 1 km, and 3 km). The results showed a similar increase between the resting HR and HR after 2 minutes of exercise for TT players and XC skiers competing in 3 km race. Changes in HR in XC skiers competing in 50 m and 1 km races between the rest and exercise were noticeably higher indicating their lower fitness. Future studies focused on the relationship of HR variables, and training quality will provide a more detailed knowledge of the cardiorespiratory fitness and ID relationship.","PeriodicalId":335198,"journal":{"name":"Cardiorespiratory Fitness","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130454150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-05DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.81742
Ankur Girdhar, P. Agarwal, Amita Singh
With an ever-expanding understanding about chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), it has been realized that it is a respiratory disease with systemic manifestations. Systemic effects of COPD lead to cardiovascular co-morbidities, muscle wasting and osteoporosis that in turn lead to inactivity and physical deconditioning. This development has a direct impact on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients suffering from this respiratory disease. Pharmacological therapy leads to improvement in shortness of breath and has limited effect on the physical deconditioning. Latest research has shown an additive effect of pulmonary rehabilitation on improving the inactivity and overall HRQoL in COPD patients. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is a comprehensive multimodality program that includes strength and endurance training, nutritional education and psychosocial support. This leads to a holistic approach to management of COPD which results in symptom improvement in patients and decreased utilization of heath care resources. There are several barriers to widespread adoption of pulmonary rehabilitation as a standard treatment. This includes availability, insurance coverage and patient compliance. With inclusion of pulmonary rehabilitation in respiratory society guidelines, there has been a renewed interest among both pulmonary specialist and community physicians. This chapter aims to provide exhaustive evidence based knowledge regarding pulmonary rehabilitation and its beneficial effect on COPD patients.
{"title":"Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease","authors":"Ankur Girdhar, P. Agarwal, Amita Singh","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.81742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.81742","url":null,"abstract":"With an ever-expanding understanding about chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), it has been realized that it is a respiratory disease with systemic manifestations. Systemic effects of COPD lead to cardiovascular co-morbidities, muscle wasting and osteoporosis that in turn lead to inactivity and physical deconditioning. This development has a direct impact on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients suffering from this respiratory disease. Pharmacological therapy leads to improvement in shortness of breath and has limited effect on the physical deconditioning. Latest research has shown an additive effect of pulmonary rehabilitation on improving the inactivity and overall HRQoL in COPD patients. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is a comprehensive multimodality program that includes strength and endurance training, nutritional education and psychosocial support. This leads to a holistic approach to management of COPD which results in symptom improvement in patients and decreased utilization of heath care resources. There are several barriers to widespread adoption of pulmonary rehabilitation as a standard treatment. This includes availability, insurance coverage and patient compliance. With inclusion of pulmonary rehabilitation in respiratory society guidelines, there has been a renewed interest among both pulmonary specialist and community physicians. This chapter aims to provide exhaustive evidence based knowledge regarding pulmonary rehabilitation and its beneficial effect on COPD patients.","PeriodicalId":335198,"journal":{"name":"Cardiorespiratory Fitness","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126766214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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