Pub Date : 2022-02-21DOI: 10.37723/jumdc.v13i1.658
Raja, Badil, Pawan Kumar, Sana Rehman, Gulsher
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Medication administration error (MAE) has been recognized as a serious health related issue that can lead to surge mortality and morbidity. In addition, it may rise hospitalization that, will increase the ratio of the patient. This study was accomplished to determine the missed dose error among nurses working at tertiary care hospitals in Karachi. METHODOLOGY: This analytical cross-sectional study was accomplished at Dr. Ruth K.M. Pfau Civil Hospital and Dow University Hospital, Karachi, for the period of six months from February to July 2018. The calculated sample was 204 nurses of both genders. Nurses having one year of working experience and licensed with Pakistan Nursing Council had been invited for the study. The participants were approached by a non-probability convenient consecutive sampling method. The adopted and validated questionnaire was utilized to gather the data. The data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 21.0. RESULTS: Out of 204 subjects, 106 (52%) were male. With respect to age, 168 (82.3%) of respondents had age below 35 years. The percentage of missed medication doses was reported to be 12.3%. In this study, nurses to patients ratio, and timing of medication administration were found statistically significant with missed dose errors p-value≤0.05. CONCLUSION: The study finding showed a small frequency of missed dose errors among nurses working in tertiary care public sector hospitals, Karachi. The majority of missed doses were recorded in the morning shift, and nurses who had more patients ratio.
{"title":"THE Missed dose error among nurses working at tertiary care Hospitals, Karachi","authors":"Raja, Badil, Pawan Kumar, Sana Rehman, Gulsher","doi":"10.37723/jumdc.v13i1.658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37723/jumdc.v13i1.658","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Medication administration error (MAE) has been recognized as a serious health related issue that can lead to surge mortality and morbidity. In addition, it may rise hospitalization that, will increase the ratio of the patient. This study was accomplished to determine the missed dose error among nurses working at tertiary care hospitals in Karachi. \u0000METHODOLOGY: This analytical cross-sectional study was accomplished at Dr. Ruth K.M. Pfau Civil Hospital and Dow University Hospital, Karachi, for the period of six months from February to July 2018. The calculated sample was 204 nurses of both genders. Nurses having one year of working experience and licensed with Pakistan Nursing Council had been invited for the study. The participants were approached by a non-probability convenient consecutive sampling method. The adopted and validated questionnaire was utilized to gather the data. The data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 21.0. \u0000RESULTS: Out of 204 subjects, 106 (52%) were male. With respect to age, 168 (82.3%) of respondents had age below 35 years. The percentage of missed medication doses was reported to be 12.3%. In this study, nurses to patients ratio, and timing of medication administration were found statistically significant with missed dose errors p-value≤0.05. \u0000CONCLUSION: The study finding showed a small frequency of missed dose errors among nurses working in tertiary care public sector hospitals, Karachi. The majority of missed doses were recorded in the morning shift, and nurses who had more patients ratio.","PeriodicalId":33713,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University Medical Dental College","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46254412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Urethral calculi are rare and represent 1-2% of all urinary stone diseases. Rarely, calculus grows to large size and are labeled as a "giant urethral calculus". A 75-year-old male came to the OPD of Madinah Teaching Hospital Faisalabad with a chief complaint of suprapubic pain, penile pain, and hard mass on the left side of the scrotum and anterior perineum. The patient had a significant history of undergoing debridement for Meleney's and Fournier's gangrene, along with suprapubic cystostomy done about 1.5 years back. Physical examination revealed a solid mass with dimensions 6x7 cm on the left side of the scrotum and anterior perineum (left periurethral area). Open surgery was performed. A huge stone, 6x6cm, was removed. Diverticulae were excised, and urethroplasty was performed. A catheter was removed on the 21st postoperative with a satisfactory urinary stream.
{"title":"Giant urethral stone with diverticulum; a case report","authors":"Asad Ramzan, Adeen Akram, Suaiba Saif, Farhan Jamshed, Nauman Khalid","doi":"10.37723/jumdc.v12i4.664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37723/jumdc.v12i4.664","url":null,"abstract":"Urethral calculi are rare and represent 1-2% of all urinary stone diseases. Rarely, calculus grows to large size and are labeled as a \"giant urethral calculus\". A 75-year-old male came to the OPD of Madinah Teaching Hospital Faisalabad with a chief complaint of suprapubic pain, penile pain, and hard mass on the left side of the scrotum and anterior perineum. The patient had a significant history of undergoing debridement for Meleney's and Fournier's gangrene, along with suprapubic cystostomy done about 1.5 years back. Physical examination revealed a solid mass with dimensions 6x7 cm on the left side of the scrotum and anterior perineum (left periurethral area). Open surgery was performed. A huge stone, 6x6cm, was removed. Diverticulae were excised, and urethroplasty was performed. A catheter was removed on the 21st postoperative with a satisfactory urinary stream.","PeriodicalId":33713,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University Medical Dental College","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44064516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Dental hygiene reflects the overall health and impacts the quality of life. The present study was designed to assess knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding oral hygiene among medical and dental undergraduate students and to compare the oral hygiene habits among male and female students METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was conducted among medical and dental students of Bahria University Medical and Dental College, Karachi (BUMDC) from December 2018 to January 2019. Ethical approval was taken from the ERC committee of Bahria University Medical and Dental College (ERC/2/2018). Students (n= 332) of MBBS and BDS from first to final year were enrolled by non-probability convenience sampling technique. A self-structured questionnaire was used to obtain data. Percentages were determined for each response. The Chi-Square test was used to check the association of oral hygiene outcomes with respect to gender. RESULTS: The study comprised 332 male and female students, out of which 189 (56.9%) were dental and 143(43.1%) were medical. The majority of students (71.4%) were female. The mean age of participants was 20.8± 1.3 years, 44.6% used toothbrushes, 33.7% used toothbrush and floss, and 21.4% used toothbrush and miswak, 61.4% of respondents have brushed their teeth twice a day, 5.1% of respondents were reported bad smell from their teeth, 58.1% were complaining sore jaws. Dental hygiene was significantly associated with gender (p≤ 0.05). Females have better practices and a positive attitude toward oral hygiene. CONCLUSION: Female students had better oral hygiene knowledge and practices with more positive attitude as compared to male counterparts.
{"title":"Self-disclosed oral hygiene habits from students of Bahria University Medical and Dental College, Karachi campus","authors":"Rabiya Ali, Nadia Khalid, Fareeha, Shireen Jawed, Naila Masood, Fatima Syed","doi":"10.37723/jumdc.v12i4.548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37723/jumdc.v12i4.548","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Dental hygiene reflects the overall health and impacts the quality of life. The present study was designed to assess knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding oral hygiene among medical and dental undergraduate students and to compare the oral hygiene habits among male and female students \u0000METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was conducted among medical and dental students of Bahria University Medical and Dental College, Karachi (BUMDC) from December 2018 to January 2019. Ethical approval was taken from the ERC committee of Bahria University Medical and Dental College (ERC/2/2018). Students (n= 332) of MBBS and BDS from first to final year were enrolled by non-probability convenience sampling technique. A self-structured questionnaire was used to obtain data. Percentages were determined for each response. The Chi-Square test was used to check the association of oral hygiene outcomes with respect to gender. \u0000RESULTS: The study comprised 332 male and female students, out of which 189 (56.9%) were dental and 143(43.1%) were medical. The majority of students (71.4%) were female. The mean age of participants was 20.8± 1.3 years, 44.6% used toothbrushes, 33.7% used toothbrush and floss, and 21.4% used toothbrush and miswak, 61.4% of respondents have brushed their teeth twice a day, 5.1% of respondents were reported bad smell from their teeth, 58.1% were complaining sore jaws. Dental hygiene was significantly associated with gender (p≤ 0.05). Females have better practices and a positive attitude toward oral hygiene. \u0000CONCLUSION: Female students had better oral hygiene knowledge and practices with more positive attitude as compared to male counterparts.","PeriodicalId":33713,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University Medical Dental College","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44440331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-24DOI: 10.37723/jumdc.v12i4.696
Saba Tariq, Sundus Tariq, Akram Malik
The sirens and lights of the ambulance are not a good sign to see. It indicates that someone's life is in danger and requires immediate medical attention. No one can comprehend the anguish and sorrow that a person's relative is experiencing at that time. Therefore, it is important to analyze various factors related to delay in emergency care from an ambulance as its own, and factors related to delay in providing treatment because of heavy traffic and ignorance of the people to give way to the ambulance.
{"title":"Give way to the ambulance; What we all need to do to facilitate ambulance in traffic?","authors":"Saba Tariq, Sundus Tariq, Akram Malik","doi":"10.37723/jumdc.v12i4.696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37723/jumdc.v12i4.696","url":null,"abstract":"The sirens and lights of the ambulance are not a good sign to see. It indicates that someone's life is in danger and requires immediate medical attention. No one can comprehend the anguish and sorrow that a person's relative is experiencing at that time. Therefore, it is important to analyze various factors related to delay in emergency care from an ambulance as its own, and factors related to delay in providing treatment because of heavy traffic and ignorance of the people to give way to the ambulance.","PeriodicalId":33713,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University Medical Dental College","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44046822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-24DOI: 10.37723/jumdc.v12i3.579
Rida Khan, Hafiz Muhamamd Waseem, Sadia Nazir, Shumaila Doggar, Mohsin Ali Cheema, Khalid Parvez Lone
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease, showing the exaggerated response of airways to any injurious stimulus. It is no longer considered as the disease of men as it is becoming increasingly prevalent in females. Evidence suggests that gender affects the clinical presentation of the disease. The objectives of the study is to compare spirometry data between male and female smokers with COPD and to study the association of cough, sputum, and dyspnea with gender in smokers with COPD. METHODOLOGY: This descriptive study was conducted at the University of Health Sciences Lahore. The study sample included 41 COPD patients with a history of smoking. After taking written informed consent, patients were recruited from the outpatient departments of tertiary care hospitals of Lahore by convenience sampling technique. A complete history was taken, and spirometry was done on each subject. The subjects were divided into male and female groups, followed by the comparison of Spirometry data between the groups and association of symptoms with gender using appropriate statistical techniques. RESULTS: The results of this study demonstrated females were significantly younger and exhibited a greater decline of lung functions with similar pack-years history compared to male smokers with COPD. The most common presentation of females was breathlessness compared to male patients, who had sputum production as the most common presentation. CONCLUSION: Significant differences were seen in spirometry and clinical presentation of the disease in male and female COPD groups, showing the onset and symptomology of the disease.
{"title":"COMPARISON OF SPIROMETRY DATA AND SYMPTOMS BETWEEN MALE AND FEMALE SMOKERS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE","authors":"Rida Khan, Hafiz Muhamamd Waseem, Sadia Nazir, Shumaila Doggar, Mohsin Ali Cheema, Khalid Parvez Lone","doi":"10.37723/jumdc.v12i3.579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37723/jumdc.v12i3.579","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease, showing the exaggerated response of airways to any injurious stimulus. It is no longer considered as the disease of men as it is becoming increasingly prevalent in females. Evidence suggests that gender affects the clinical presentation of the disease. The objectives of the study is to compare spirometry data between male and female smokers with COPD and to study the association of cough, sputum, and dyspnea with gender in smokers with COPD. \u0000METHODOLOGY: This descriptive study was conducted at the University of Health Sciences Lahore. The study sample included 41 COPD patients with a history of smoking. After taking written informed consent, patients were recruited from the outpatient departments of tertiary care hospitals of Lahore by convenience sampling technique. A complete history was taken, and spirometry was done on each subject. The subjects were divided into male and female groups, followed by the comparison of Spirometry data between the groups and association of symptoms with gender using appropriate statistical techniques. \u0000RESULTS: The results of this study demonstrated females were significantly younger and exhibited a greater decline of lung functions with similar pack-years history compared to male smokers with COPD. The most common presentation of females was breathlessness compared to male patients, who had sputum production as the most common presentation. \u0000CONCLUSION: Significant differences were seen in spirometry and clinical presentation of the disease in male and female COPD groups, showing the onset and symptomology of the disease.","PeriodicalId":33713,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University Medical Dental College","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44625890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-13DOI: 10.37723/jumdc.v12i4.582
Badder Hina Afnan, Sadaf Ahmed Asim, Mehreen Amer, Sahar Soomro, Areesha Khan, Rabiya khan, Meeraal Kaikaus
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: The pathology of acne is vaguely understood to date, current epidemiologic evidence in Eastern populations indicates that consumption of chocolate, milk intake, fatty products, and glycemic load may be involved. Previously little research has been conducted highlighting the possible relationship between diet and acne among patients in Pakistan. The objective of this study was to identify the association of acne vulgaris and dietary intake patterns. METHODOLOGY: An observational study enrolled 246 participants, both genders, 16 to 40 years of age, diagnosed with Acne Vulgaris recruited from a tertiary-care hospital out-patient clinic in Karachi. The structured questionnaire consisted of various methods for assessing nutritional parameters. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS, the association of Acne was tested with dietary habits using Pearson-Chi Square test. Food items with a p-value less than 0.05 in the Chi Square test were considered in Binary logistic regression for estimating the risk for Acne with a 95% confidence interval (C.I.). RESULTS: Fifty-two percent of participants were found with mild acne, use of yogurt, ice cream butter, margarine, French fries, chocolate, bakery chips, white bread, vegetable, fruits, cake dates, and pickles give a significant association with severity of acne using Fisher's Exact test p<0.05. Logistic regression showed that butter gave more risk for acne with an odds ratio of 1.11 and 95% C.I. (1.0, 9.2). CONCLUSION: It can be stated that dairy products, high glycemic index, and fatty foods are associated with acne aggravation in our population. As patients are always concerned about dietary advice, suggesting that they reduce these products would help them maintain their skin.
{"title":"Significance of Diet in Acne Vulgaris patients attending Dermatology clinic at Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi","authors":"Badder Hina Afnan, Sadaf Ahmed Asim, Mehreen Amer, Sahar Soomro, Areesha Khan, Rabiya khan, Meeraal Kaikaus","doi":"10.37723/jumdc.v12i4.582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37723/jumdc.v12i4.582","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: The pathology of acne is vaguely understood to date, current epidemiologic evidence in Eastern populations indicates that consumption of chocolate, milk intake, fatty products, and glycemic load may be involved. Previously little research has been conducted highlighting the possible relationship between diet and acne among patients in Pakistan. The objective of this study was to identify the association of acne vulgaris and dietary intake patterns. \u0000METHODOLOGY: An observational study enrolled 246 participants, both genders, 16 to 40 years of age, diagnosed with Acne Vulgaris recruited from a tertiary-care hospital out-patient clinic in Karachi. The structured questionnaire consisted of various methods for assessing nutritional parameters. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS, the association of Acne was tested with dietary habits using Pearson-Chi Square test. Food items with a p-value less than 0.05 in the Chi Square test were considered in Binary logistic regression for estimating the risk for Acne with a 95% confidence interval (C.I.). \u0000RESULTS: Fifty-two percent of participants were found with mild acne, use of yogurt, ice cream butter, margarine, French fries, chocolate, bakery chips, white bread, vegetable, fruits, cake dates, and pickles give a significant association with severity of acne using Fisher's Exact test p<0.05. Logistic regression showed that butter gave more risk for acne with an odds ratio of 1.11 and 95% C.I. (1.0, 9.2). \u0000CONCLUSION: It can be stated that dairy products, high glycemic index, and fatty foods are associated with acne aggravation in our population. As patients are always concerned about dietary advice, suggesting that they reduce these products would help them maintain their skin.","PeriodicalId":33713,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University Medical Dental College","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42898897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-13DOI: 10.37723/jumdc.v12i4.612
Naveed Irfan, Agha Taymoor Ali, Suneel Kumar Punjabi, Mowaffaq Abdullmomen Al Absi, Talha Asad Khan, Arsalan Ahmed
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Knowledge regarding oral hygiene and routine practices of maintaining that hygiene contributes to good oral and overall health of a person. The objective of the study was to evaluate the oral hygiene perception and practices among patients belonging to rural and urban areas visiting a public dental institute. METHODOLOGY: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the dental outpatient department (OPD) of the Institute of Dentistry Liaquat University Jamshoro Sindh from June-December 2019. All patients who reported the dental OPD during the duration of the study belonging to either gender and age 18-70 years were included in the study. While those who reported in emergency with painful conditions and chronic diseases like diabetes mellitus, hypertension, etc., were excluded. A written questionnaire was used to collect participant’s information including socio-demographic details and information related to oral hygiene perceptions and practices. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 24.0. RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 28.94±9.84 years, with an age range of 19-58 years. There was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between female and male participants regarding knowledge and perception of the role of oral cleaning in decay prevention, different methods of preventing dental problems, and the role of remnants of sweet food in damaging teeth. While statistically significant difference (p<0.05) in the type of toothbrush used, brushing technique, and frequency of changing toothbrush was demonstrated between participants belonging to rural and urban regions. CONCLUSION: Knowledge and routine practices regarding oral hygiene are much lower in residents of the rural region compared with the urban region.
{"title":"Comparative evaluation of oral hygiene knowledge and practices among patients visiting a public Dental Institute","authors":"Naveed Irfan, Agha Taymoor Ali, Suneel Kumar Punjabi, Mowaffaq Abdullmomen Al Absi, Talha Asad Khan, Arsalan Ahmed","doi":"10.37723/jumdc.v12i4.612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37723/jumdc.v12i4.612","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: \u0000Knowledge regarding oral hygiene and routine practices of maintaining that hygiene contributes to good oral and overall health of a person. The objective of the study was to evaluate the oral hygiene perception and practices among patients belonging to rural and urban areas visiting a public dental institute. \u0000METHODOLOGY: \u0000A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the dental outpatient department (OPD) of the Institute of Dentistry Liaquat University Jamshoro Sindh from June-December 2019. All patients who reported the dental OPD during the duration of the study belonging to either gender and age 18-70 years were included in the study. While those who reported in emergency with painful conditions and chronic diseases like diabetes mellitus, hypertension, etc., were excluded. A written questionnaire was used to collect participant’s information including socio-demographic details and information related to oral hygiene perceptions and practices. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 24.0. \u0000RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 28.94±9.84 years, with an age range of 19-58 years. There was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between female and male participants regarding knowledge and perception of the role of oral cleaning in decay prevention, different methods of preventing dental problems, and the role of remnants of sweet food in damaging teeth. While statistically significant difference (p<0.05) in the type of toothbrush used, brushing technique, and frequency of changing toothbrush was demonstrated between participants belonging to rural and urban regions. \u0000CONCLUSION: Knowledge and routine practices regarding oral hygiene are much lower in residents of the rural region compared with the urban region.","PeriodicalId":33713,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University Medical Dental College","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49201748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-13DOI: 10.37723/jumdc.v12i4.531
Syed Atif Hussain, Majed Saeed, Atta Ur Rehman Rana, Khizar Hayat Gondala, Ali Shandar Durrani, Muhammad Raheem Sajjad
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: In Pakistan, urinary bladder cancer is one of the top ten malignancies. The most important concern after its treatment is tumor recurrence. Recent literature claimed that pre-operative pyuria in patients undergoing transurethral resection of bladder tumor was associated with significantly higher frequency of recurrence. However, there was controversy in existing literature and no such local published material was available which necessitated the present study. To determine the frequency of pre-operative pyuria in patients undergoing transurethral resection of bladder tumor for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) with post-operative instillation of Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) and to compare the frequency of tumor recurrence in patients with and without pre-operative pyuria. METHODOLOGY: It was a comparative study. This study involved 280 patients of both genders aged between 20-80 years. Pre-operative pyuria was diagnosed if early morning midstream urine specimen showed ≥10 white blood cells/HPF. Outcome variable was frequency of recurrence after 12 weeks of treatment on check cystoscopy. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 57.1±8.5 years. There were 236 (84.3%) male and 44 (15.7%) female patients in the study. 155 (55.4%) patients were tobacco smoker. Pre-operative pyuria was diagnosed in 127 (45.4%) patients while tumor recurrence was observed in 183 (65.4%) patients. The frequency of tumor recurrence was significantly higher in patients with pre-operative pyuria (85.8% vs. 48.4%; p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Pre-operative pyuria was a frequent finding in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder tumor and was associated with higher frequency of tumor recurrence which warrants routine screening of such patients for pyuria and increased frequency of tumor recurrence.
{"title":"Pre-operative pyuria predicts tumor recurrence in patients undergoing transurethral resection of bladder tumor with post-operative instillation of BCG","authors":"Syed Atif Hussain, Majed Saeed, Atta Ur Rehman Rana, Khizar Hayat Gondala, Ali Shandar Durrani, Muhammad Raheem Sajjad","doi":"10.37723/jumdc.v12i4.531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37723/jumdc.v12i4.531","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: In Pakistan, urinary bladder cancer is one of the top ten malignancies. The most important concern after its treatment is tumor recurrence. Recent literature claimed that pre-operative pyuria in patients undergoing transurethral resection of bladder tumor was associated with significantly higher frequency of recurrence. However, there was controversy in existing literature and no such local published material was available which necessitated the present study. To determine the frequency of pre-operative pyuria in patients undergoing transurethral resection of bladder tumor for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) with post-operative instillation of Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) and to compare the frequency of tumor recurrence in patients with and without pre-operative pyuria. \u0000METHODOLOGY: It was a comparative study. This study involved 280 patients of both genders aged between 20-80 years. Pre-operative pyuria was diagnosed if early morning midstream urine specimen showed ≥10 white blood cells/HPF. Outcome variable was frequency of recurrence after 12 weeks of treatment on check cystoscopy. \u0000RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 57.1±8.5 years. There were 236 (84.3%) male and 44 (15.7%) female patients in the study. 155 (55.4%) patients were tobacco smoker. Pre-operative pyuria was diagnosed in 127 (45.4%) patients while tumor recurrence was observed in 183 (65.4%) patients. The frequency of tumor recurrence was significantly higher in patients with pre-operative pyuria (85.8% vs. 48.4%; p<0.001). \u0000CONCLUSION: Pre-operative pyuria was a frequent finding in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder tumor and was associated with higher frequency of tumor recurrence which warrants routine screening of such patients for pyuria and increased frequency of tumor recurrence.","PeriodicalId":33713,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University Medical Dental College","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46467245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-13DOI: 10.37723/jumdc.v12i4.516
Rabia Tabassum, Nazish Amjad, Faiza Malik
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Different dental and skeletal abnormalities interact with each other to cause multiple malocclusions of various areas of the dentofacial region. Association of the mandible and cranial base influence the malocclusions in anteroposterior and vertical dimensions that influences the evaluation of the skeletal components of a particular patient, so the relationship of glenoid fossa to adjacent craniofacial components must be taken into account. This research is conducted for the comparison of glenoid fossa position in subjects presenting with class II skeletal malocclusion due to retrognathic mandible and class I skeletal malocclusion. METHODOLOGY: Standardized lateral cephalograms of 130 patients were selected according to inclusion criteria from the orthodontic department. These radiographs were traced, and different angular and linear measurements were recorded. Then the position of glenoid fossa was compared in subjects of class II malocclusion with retrognathic mandible and class I malocclusion. SPSS version 17 was used for data analysis. Cephalometric measurements were analyzed, and glenoid fossa position was compared in both groups by using student’s t-test. Statistical level of significance using student t test was p< 0.05 RESULTS: Position of glenoid fossa in subjects with class II malocclusion is more distal and posterior as compared to the subjects with class I malocclusion. The effective parameters for the measurements of glenoid fossa are GF-S on FH, GF-Ptm on FH, and GF-FMN with p value 0.0001. CONCLUSION: A distally and posteriorly placed glenoid fossa is an important diagnostic feature of Class II skeletal malocclusion with the retrognathic mandible.
背景与目的:不同的牙齿和骨骼异常相互作用导致牙面不同区域的多发错颌。下颌骨与颅底的关联会影响前后和垂直尺寸的错颌，从而影响对特定患者骨骼成分的评估，因此必须考虑关节盂窝与邻近颅面成分的关系。本研究的目的是比较下颌后突型骨骼错颌II类和骨骼错颌I类患者的关节窝位置。方法:根据纳入标准，选取正畸科130例患者的标准化侧位脑电图。这些x光片被追踪，不同的角度和线性测量被记录下来。比较下颌后颌II类错颌与I类错颌的关节窝位置。使用SPSS version 17进行数据分析。分析头侧测量数据，并采用学生t检验比较两组的关节窝位置。结果:与ⅰ类错颌患者相比，ⅱ类错颌患者的盂窝位置偏远、偏后。关节窝测量的有效参数为FH上GF-S、FH上GF-Ptm、GF-FMN, p值为0.0001。结论:关节盂窝的远端和后端位置是诊断下颌后突II类骨骼错颌畸形的重要特征。
{"title":"Glenoid fossa position in skeletal class-II malocclusion due to retrognathic mandible and skeletal class-I malocclusion in Pakistani population","authors":"Rabia Tabassum, Nazish Amjad, Faiza Malik","doi":"10.37723/jumdc.v12i4.516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37723/jumdc.v12i4.516","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Different dental and skeletal abnormalities interact with each other to cause multiple malocclusions of various areas of the dentofacial region. Association of the mandible and cranial base influence the malocclusions in anteroposterior and vertical dimensions that influences the evaluation of the skeletal components of a particular patient, so the relationship of glenoid fossa to adjacent craniofacial components must be taken into account. This research is conducted for the comparison of glenoid fossa position in subjects presenting with class II skeletal malocclusion due to retrognathic mandible and class I skeletal malocclusion. \u0000METHODOLOGY: Standardized lateral cephalograms of 130 patients were selected according to inclusion criteria from the orthodontic department. These radiographs were traced, and different angular and linear measurements were recorded. Then the position of glenoid fossa was compared in subjects of class II malocclusion with retrognathic mandible and class I malocclusion. SPSS version 17 was used for data analysis. Cephalometric measurements were analyzed, and glenoid fossa position was compared in both groups by using student’s t-test. Statistical level of significance using student t test was p< 0.05 \u0000RESULTS: Position of glenoid fossa in subjects with class II malocclusion is more distal and posterior as compared to the subjects with class I malocclusion. The effective parameters for the measurements of glenoid fossa are GF-S on FH, GF-Ptm on FH, and GF-FMN with p value 0.0001. \u0000CONCLUSION: A distally and posteriorly placed glenoid fossa is an important diagnostic feature of Class II skeletal malocclusion with the retrognathic mandible. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":33713,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University Medical Dental College","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46328413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Thyrotoxicosis is a disease in which thyroid hormones are raised, and we have seen multiple patients suffering from this ailment in Pakistan. Methimazole is an anti-thyroid drug for thyrotoxicosis. Hepatotoxicity and liver ailments were common with methimazole prescribed for hypothyroid patients. Hypothyroidism, a common side effect of this drug, has been seen in a majority of patients, but liver toxicity remained unaddressed. So, in this study, we have observed histological changes in the liver after methimazole administration. METHODOLOGY: The pilot study was carried out in the University of Health Sciences (UHS), Lahore, and was ended in twenty-one days. We divided animals in 2 groups. Each group comprises 12 animals. Group-I was negative control, and water was given through the oral route for 21 days. Group-II was administered methimazole orally 60mg/kg/day for twenty-one days. At the end;S animals were dissected, and livers were removed for histological examination. RESULTS: The histological picture of the liver showed 75% severe disruption in liver architecture, inflammation, and fatty change in group 2, indicating liver damage. CONCLUSION: Methimazole, hepatotoxic with discernable damage to its architecture, epithelium, and inflammatory changes.
{"title":"Morphological changes in liver of methimazole treated rats, a pilot study","authors":"Maira Bhatti, Waqas Iqbal Butt, Shahnaz Fatima, Fouzia Perveen, Sabeen Arjumand, Amna Iqbal Butt","doi":"10.37723/jumdc.v12i4.537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37723/jumdc.v12i4.537","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Thyrotoxicosis is a disease in which thyroid hormones are raised, and we have seen multiple patients suffering from this ailment in Pakistan. Methimazole is an anti-thyroid drug for thyrotoxicosis. Hepatotoxicity and liver ailments were common with methimazole prescribed for hypothyroid patients. Hypothyroidism, a common side effect of this drug, has been seen in a majority of patients, but liver toxicity remained unaddressed. So, in this study, we have observed histological changes in the liver after methimazole administration. \u0000METHODOLOGY: The pilot study was carried out in the University of Health Sciences (UHS), Lahore, and was ended in twenty-one days. We divided animals in 2 groups. Each group comprises 12 animals. Group-I was negative control, and water was given through the oral route for 21 days. Group-II was administered methimazole orally 60mg/kg/day for twenty-one days. At the end;S animals were dissected, and livers were removed for histological examination. \u0000RESULTS: The histological picture of the liver showed 75% severe disruption in liver architecture, inflammation, and fatty change in group 2, indicating liver damage. \u0000CONCLUSION: Methimazole, hepatotoxic with discernable damage to its architecture, epithelium, and inflammatory changes.","PeriodicalId":33713,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University Medical Dental College","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43182494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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