Pub Date : 2020-03-07DOI: 10.3390/mol2net-05-06779
Pieter van 't Hof, S. S. Flores, Pamela Chanco, Ecson Daniel Obando Hernandez, V. C. D. Cunha, R. Mendes, A. Leon-Reyes, B. Oyserman, Víctor Carrión Bravo, J. Raaijmakers
Ancient societies first attempted to domesticate wild plants for food production, which gave rise to present-day agriculture. Nowadays, more than a third of agricultural production is lost due to abiotic or biotic stress, such as drought, salinity, pests and diseases. Current predictions indicating an expanding world population until the end of the century, one of humanity's greatest challenges should be how to feeding the world in a sustainable way, as future increases in crop yields should be achieved with fewer input of fertilizers and pesticides. These challenges have raised awareness of the importance of the plant root microbiome to improve agricultural and horticultural practices. Plant roots are colonized by a surprising number of microorganisms, revealing in most cases an intimate symbiotic relationship which facilitates nutrient uptake and provides the host plant with higher resistance against attackers. In this context, plants can be seen as "superorganisms" that depend on their root microbiome for important functions. But the impact of plant domestication on the functional diversity and beneficial activities of this root microbiome is still largely unknown. Recent studies showed taxonomic differences in the root microbiome between wild relatives and modern cultivars, mainly in root architecture and root exudation. This leads to the hypothesis that present-day cultivars might have lost traits to recruit and activate host-specific beneficial root microbiota. Our research project investigates tomato species and native soils in the Andes to explore the taxonomic and functional diversity of their root microbiomes. Next generation sequencing and ‘omics technologies, combined with classic microbiological techniques are being used to obtain insight in the diversity of root-associated microbial communities of tomatoes. We hypothesize that wild tomatoes grown in their native soils harbour unique and higher frequencies of beneficial root microbiota, compared to modern cultivars.
{"title":"Plant microbiomes and their benefit towards a more sustainable agriculture","authors":"Pieter van 't Hof, S. S. Flores, Pamela Chanco, Ecson Daniel Obando Hernandez, V. C. D. Cunha, R. Mendes, A. Leon-Reyes, B. Oyserman, Víctor Carrión Bravo, J. Raaijmakers","doi":"10.3390/mol2net-05-06779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mol2net-05-06779","url":null,"abstract":"Ancient societies first attempted to domesticate wild plants for food production, which gave rise to present-day agriculture. Nowadays, more than a third of agricultural production is lost due to abiotic or biotic stress, such as drought, salinity, pests and diseases. Current predictions indicating an expanding world population until the end of the century, one of humanity's greatest challenges should be how to feeding the world in a sustainable way, as future increases in crop yields should be achieved with fewer input of fertilizers and pesticides. These challenges have raised awareness of the importance of the plant root microbiome to improve agricultural and horticultural practices. \u0000Plant roots are colonized by a surprising number of microorganisms, revealing in most cases an intimate symbiotic relationship which facilitates nutrient uptake and provides the host plant with higher resistance against attackers. In this context, plants can be seen as \"superorganisms\" that depend on their root microbiome for important functions. But the impact of plant domestication on the functional diversity and beneficial activities of this root microbiome is still largely unknown. Recent studies showed taxonomic differences in the root microbiome between wild relatives and modern cultivars, mainly in root architecture and root exudation. This leads to the hypothesis that present-day cultivars might have lost traits to recruit and activate host-specific beneficial root microbiota. \u0000Our research project investigates tomato species and native soils in the Andes to explore the taxonomic and functional diversity of their root microbiomes. Next generation sequencing and ‘omics technologies, combined with classic microbiological techniques are being used to obtain insight in the diversity of root-associated microbial communities of tomatoes. We hypothesize that wild tomatoes grown in their native soils harbour unique and higher frequencies of beneficial root microbiota, compared to modern cultivars.","PeriodicalId":337320,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of MOL2NET 2019, International Conference on Multidisciplinary Sciences, 5th edition","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126770189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-10DOI: 10.3390/mol2net-05-06762
A. Monteiro, Érika Moura, N. Sousa, Allan J. S. Bezerra, E. Muratov, M. Scotti, L. Scotti
Malassezia furfur is a fungus classified as very common yeast, causing superficial infections and dandruff, its proliferation in the scalp can cause besides hair loss infection. The alopecia caused by this microorganism can be temporary or permanent, not only by M. furfur but also by M. globosa, reducing the quality of life of people, especially women who are affected. Malassezia can cause skin lesions. giving way to bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus. The aim of this study is an in silico analysis of citronella essential oil, aiming to identify possible constituents with fungicidal action against M. furfur. Initially the molecules were submitted to a biological activity prediction model developed in KNIME Analytics Platform 3.7, prediction of cytotoxicity risks by OSIRIS DataWarrior 5.0 software and molecular docking with Molegro Virtual Docker 6.0 (MVD). At the end of the research it was concluded that among the 15 components of the essential oil under study, only 1 constituent presented activity and no risk of cytotoxicity was verified, finally, presented better ligand-receptor interaction energy than the itraconazole and miconazole controls.
{"title":"Prediction of antifungal activity, cytotoxicity risks and molecular docking against Malassezia furfur of constituents of citronella essential oil (Cymbopogon winterianus)","authors":"A. Monteiro, Érika Moura, N. Sousa, Allan J. S. Bezerra, E. Muratov, M. Scotti, L. Scotti","doi":"10.3390/mol2net-05-06762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mol2net-05-06762","url":null,"abstract":"Malassezia furfur is a fungus classified as very common yeast, causing superficial infections and dandruff, its proliferation in the scalp can cause besides hair loss infection. The alopecia caused by this microorganism can be temporary or permanent, not only by M. furfur but also by M. globosa, reducing the quality of life of people, especially women who are affected. Malassezia can cause skin lesions. giving way to bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus. The aim of this study is an in silico analysis of citronella essential oil, aiming to identify possible constituents with fungicidal action against M. furfur. Initially the molecules were submitted to a biological activity prediction model developed in KNIME Analytics Platform 3.7, prediction of cytotoxicity risks by OSIRIS DataWarrior 5.0 software and molecular docking with Molegro Virtual Docker 6.0 (MVD). At the end of the research it was concluded that among the 15 components of the essential oil under study, only 1 constituent presented activity and no risk of cytotoxicity was verified, finally, presented better ligand-receptor interaction energy than the itraconazole and miconazole controls.","PeriodicalId":337320,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of MOL2NET 2019, International Conference on Multidisciplinary Sciences, 5th edition","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126647267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-05DOI: 10.3390/mol2net-05-06728
Srinivasulu Kanaparthi, S. Singh
Temperature programming is one of the techniques to achieve selectivity with metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) gas sensors. Here, we report a study on the response of ZnO nanostructures based H2S sensor at different temperatures. It was observed that the response didn’t exhibit the same behavior at all concentrations with increase in temperature. It can be attributed to adsorbed oxygen molecules, adsorption-desorption rate and number of surface charge carriers, which vary with temperature. This variation in sensor response with temperature for different concentration can be useful in developing single sensor based electronic nose to detect multiple gases selectively.
{"title":"Temperature dependent response of ZnO based H2S gas sensor","authors":"Srinivasulu Kanaparthi, S. Singh","doi":"10.3390/mol2net-05-06728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mol2net-05-06728","url":null,"abstract":"Temperature programming is one of the techniques to achieve selectivity with metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) gas sensors. Here, we report a study on the response of ZnO nanostructures based H2S sensor at different temperatures. It was observed that the response didn’t exhibit the same behavior at all concentrations with increase in temperature. It can be attributed to adsorbed oxygen molecules, adsorption-desorption rate and number of surface charge carriers, which vary with temperature. This variation in sensor response with temperature for different concentration can be useful in developing single sensor based electronic nose to detect multiple gases selectively.","PeriodicalId":337320,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of MOL2NET 2019, International Conference on Multidisciplinary Sciences, 5th edition","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124376047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-05DOI: 10.3390/mol2net-05-06729
Veronica L. Cordova-Juep, Elizabeth Vásquez-Cabrera, Michelle Dávila Sánchez, M. M. Solorzano, Edgar Chicaiza-Reizancho
The objective of this article is the literature review of the components of the study of Tardigrada or (water bear), followed by the analysis of the information to describe the main peculiarities of this organism, with the objective of determining the importance of the water bear to knowledge of new technological applications (such as a protein from Tardigrada protects human DNA from sunlight) and many other applications offered by this organism, which due to lack of information limits understanding as a fundamental source for future applicable research in the study of this organism. With a description of their cryptobiosis states. The research will also contain a sample of the Tardigrada species in the tourist hike of the Puyo River (Pastaza province), increasing the knowledge of its distribution, in which the abundance existing in the area will be measured. A sample of the tardigrade will be taken in three different parts of the place, with strata of tree bark and stone to continue observing them in a digital microscope, followed by the identification of the class with its respective taxonomic key.
{"title":"Evaluation of the diversity of the Tardigrada (water bear) on the tourist route of the Puyo River of Pastaza province as a imput on its importance for further research on the benefits it offers.","authors":"Veronica L. Cordova-Juep, Elizabeth Vásquez-Cabrera, Michelle Dávila Sánchez, M. M. Solorzano, Edgar Chicaiza-Reizancho","doi":"10.3390/mol2net-05-06729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mol2net-05-06729","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this article is the literature review of the components of the study of Tardigrada or (water bear), followed by the analysis of the information to describe the main peculiarities of this organism, with the objective of determining the importance of the water bear to knowledge of new technological applications (such as a protein from Tardigrada protects human DNA from sunlight) and many other applications offered by this organism, which due to lack of information limits understanding as a fundamental source for future applicable research in the study of this organism. With a description of their cryptobiosis states. The research will also contain a sample of the Tardigrada species in the tourist hike of the Puyo River (Pastaza province), increasing the knowledge of its distribution, in which the abundance existing in the area will be measured. A sample of the tardigrade will be taken in three different parts of the place, with strata of tree bark and stone to continue observing them in a digital microscope, followed by the identification of the class with its respective taxonomic key.","PeriodicalId":337320,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of MOL2NET 2019, International Conference on Multidisciplinary Sciences, 5th edition","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115301223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-02DOI: 10.3390/mol2net-05-06721
Srinivasulu Kanaparthi, S. Singh
Certain gas sensing applications such as breath analyzers and food spoilage detection sensors require rapid step response to the target gases. However, the response time of semiconductor gas sensors is in a few to several minutes. In order to reduce the response time, we implemented an approach of early prediction in which the initial response data (first 30 seconds data) was compared with pre-defined output at different concentrations. Finally, the concentration corresponding to the pre-defined output which has less deviation with initial response data was determined as the concentration of the exposed gas. Though this method cannot predict the concentration of the target gas exactly, it can be used to identify the range of concentrations with much accuracy. By measuring the response of the sensor to exposure of combination of different gases, this technique can be utilized in identifying the multiple gases in the environment simultaneously with reasonable accuracy that is sufficient for many practical applications.
{"title":"Rapid detection of target gases with an early prediction approach","authors":"Srinivasulu Kanaparthi, S. Singh","doi":"10.3390/mol2net-05-06721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mol2net-05-06721","url":null,"abstract":"Certain gas sensing applications such as breath analyzers and food spoilage detection sensors require rapid step response to the target gases. However, the response time of semiconductor gas sensors is in a few to several minutes. In order to reduce the response time, we implemented an approach of early prediction in which the initial response data (first 30 seconds data) was compared with pre-defined output at different concentrations. Finally, the concentration corresponding to the pre-defined output which has less deviation with initial response data was determined as the concentration of the exposed gas. Though this method cannot predict the concentration of the target gas exactly, it can be used to identify the range of concentrations with much accuracy. By measuring the response of the sensor to exposure of combination of different gases, this technique can be utilized in identifying the multiple gases in the environment simultaneously with reasonable accuracy that is sufficient for many practical applications.","PeriodicalId":337320,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of MOL2NET 2019, International Conference on Multidisciplinary Sciences, 5th edition","volume":"9 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134411349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-30DOI: 10.3390/mol2net-05-06720
S. Valle, W. Caicedo
The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficacy of four native isolates of Metarhizium spp., in the control of adults of Metamasius hemipterus in laboratory conditions. A completely randomized design with seven treatments and five repetitions was used. The treatments were the four native isolates (TI6301, TS6304, PS5002, PS5003; at a concentration of 1 x108 conidia.mL-1), Chemical (Engeo at a dose of 1mL.L-1 water), a commercial biological (Micosplag at a dose of 0.5 g.L-1 of water) and a control treatment with sterile distilled water. The treatments were applied by immersion. Mortality assessment was recorded at 5, 10, and 15 days after treatment application. Abbott's formula was used for the correction of mortality. To determine the confirmed mortality, dead adults were conditioned in humid chambers to verify the presence of mycelium on dead insects. The data was processed by ANOVA, the comparison of means was made with the Tukey test (P <0.05). The chemical treatment showed an immediate response in adults of M. hemipterus with a 100% mortality efficiency before the first 24 hours, while the native isolates began to reflect mortalities from the second day. The native isolates of Metarhizium spp. TI6301, TS6304 and PS5002 caused accumulated and corrected mortalities above 70%, and Micosplag treatment reached an efficiency of 4.17%. Confirmed mortalities were between 72.4 and 76% with native isolates TS6304 and TI6301, respectively on adults of M. hemipterus.
{"title":"Efficacy of native isolates of Metarhizium spp. in the control of the weevil (Metamasius hemipterus) of sugarcane in laboratory conditions","authors":"S. Valle, W. Caicedo","doi":"10.3390/mol2net-05-06720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mol2net-05-06720","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficacy of four native isolates of Metarhizium spp., in the control of adults of Metamasius hemipterus in laboratory conditions. A completely randomized design with seven treatments and five repetitions was used. The treatments were the four native isolates (TI6301, TS6304, PS5002, PS5003; at a concentration of 1 x108 conidia.mL-1), Chemical (Engeo at a dose of 1mL.L-1 water), a commercial biological (Micosplag at a dose of 0.5 g.L-1 of water) and a control treatment with sterile distilled water. The treatments were applied by immersion. Mortality assessment was recorded at 5, 10, and 15 days after treatment application. Abbott's formula was used for the correction of mortality. To determine the confirmed mortality, dead adults were conditioned in humid chambers to verify the presence of mycelium on dead insects. The data was processed by ANOVA, the comparison of means was made with the Tukey test (P <0.05). The chemical treatment showed an immediate response in adults of M. hemipterus with a 100% mortality efficiency before the first 24 hours, while the native isolates began to reflect mortalities from the second day. The native isolates of Metarhizium spp. TI6301, TS6304 and PS5002 caused accumulated and corrected mortalities above 70%, and Micosplag treatment reached an efficiency of 4.17%. Confirmed mortalities were between 72.4 and 76% with native isolates TS6304 and TI6301, respectively on adults of M. hemipterus.","PeriodicalId":337320,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of MOL2NET 2019, International Conference on Multidisciplinary Sciences, 5th edition","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114613205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-27DOI: 10.3390/mol2net-05-06716
Mónica Prieto-Guerrero, D. Robalino, L. Sarduy-Pereira, Billy Coronel Espinoza, K. Diéguez-Santana
Waste cooking oil from the food industry, restaurants/food service establishments, and households is a major environmental and ecological problem. The present work analyzed the technical and economic viability of three strategies for the use of waste cooking oil (WCO) in the gastronomic establishments of the “Obrero-Puyo” neighborhood, Province of Pastaza. The strategies analyzed were collection and sale to authorized managers, soaps and candles manufacture as possible alternatives for the WCO use. According to the economic evaluation results, candle making is the most economically profitable option with a current value of $447530.01, a return rate of 106% and a recovery period of 0.7 years. Finally, it is recommended that this analysis be extended to other neighborhoods and sectors of the Puyo city, in order to know the generation of the city and integrate the other economic units in a project of greater scope.
{"title":"Management strategies for used cooking oils. Case study Barrio Obrero, Puyo, Ecuador","authors":"Mónica Prieto-Guerrero, D. Robalino, L. Sarduy-Pereira, Billy Coronel Espinoza, K. Diéguez-Santana","doi":"10.3390/mol2net-05-06716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mol2net-05-06716","url":null,"abstract":"Waste cooking oil from the food industry, restaurants/food service establishments, and households is a major environmental and ecological problem. The present work analyzed the technical and economic viability of three strategies for the use of waste cooking oil (WCO) in the gastronomic establishments of the “Obrero-Puyo” neighborhood, Province of Pastaza. The strategies analyzed were collection and sale to authorized managers, soaps and candles manufacture as possible alternatives for the WCO use. According to the economic evaluation results, candle making is the most economically profitable option with a current value of $447530.01, a return rate of 106% and a recovery period of 0.7 years. Finally, it is recommended that this analysis be extended to other neighborhoods and sectors of the Puyo city, in order to know the generation of the city and integrate the other economic units in a project of greater scope.","PeriodicalId":337320,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of MOL2NET 2019, International Conference on Multidisciplinary Sciences, 5th edition","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127350900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-18DOI: 10.3390/mol2net-05-06701
E. Rieger, S. Juliá, Mari Ángeles Navarro Moreno, M. L. M. Sancho
Athletes of all levels, from professionals to amateurs, are looking for ways to improve both performance and health. These not only involves training tasks, but also those aspects that can influence both performance improvement and injury prevention. These aspects are known as invisible training. Invisible training will improve the recovery between sessions, reduce the risk of injury and better assimilate the training. The assumption of these basic measures, together with mental and physical training, will be decisive for sports performance. For example, in endurance sports, training load, nutrient intake and sleep are key factors that modulate immune function, positively or negatively. Regular physical activity as well as a balanced diet and sufficient sleep are associated with improved immune function. On the other hand, prolonged or too intense exercise, energy deficit and lack of sleep decrease the function of the immune system and increase the probability of suffering from infections and pathologies. Therefore, psychological training, rest, nutritional and hydration habits and social aspects will be a necessary activity for the technical managers of a sport, if they wish to achieve medium or long-term physical objectives.
{"title":"Invisible training: how to improve your sports performance","authors":"E. Rieger, S. Juliá, Mari Ángeles Navarro Moreno, M. L. M. Sancho","doi":"10.3390/mol2net-05-06701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mol2net-05-06701","url":null,"abstract":"Athletes of all levels, from professionals to amateurs, are looking for ways to improve both performance and health. These not only involves training tasks, but also those aspects that can influence both performance improvement and injury prevention. These aspects are known as invisible training. Invisible training will improve the recovery between sessions, reduce the risk of injury and better assimilate the training. The assumption of these basic measures, together with mental and physical training, will be decisive for sports performance. For example, in endurance sports, training load, nutrient intake and sleep are key factors that modulate immune function, positively or negatively. Regular physical activity as well as a balanced diet and sufficient sleep are associated with improved immune function. On the other hand, prolonged or too intense exercise, energy deficit and lack of sleep decrease the function of the immune system and increase the probability of suffering from infections and pathologies. Therefore, psychological training, rest, nutritional and hydration habits and social aspects will be a necessary activity for the technical managers of a sport, if they wish to achieve medium or long-term physical objectives.","PeriodicalId":337320,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of MOL2NET 2019, International Conference on Multidisciplinary Sciences, 5th edition","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128927789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-18DOI: 10.3390/mol2net-05-06702
E. Rieger, M. B. Abadía, M. L. M. Sancho, S. Juliá, Mari Ángeles Navarro Moreno
Scientific evidence shows the importance of nutrition in muscle hypertrophy, especially with the aim of achieving a positive energy balance between food intake and energy consumption, if there is always a suitable protein intake. Several studies show that the combination of exercise against resistance with excessive energy consumption produces gains in lean body mass. However, the exact amount of all macronutrients is not clear. 10 men with more than 2 years of experience in systematic strength training were divided into 2 groups of 5 subjects, one group submitted to a ketogenic diet and the other to a diet with a high percentage of carbohydrates, both groups for 8 weeks. Both diets produced a significant increase in muscle mass % and 1MR bench press and squat. This increase was more prominent in the carbohydrate-rich diet. In addition, the ketogenic diet stood out for the significant decrease in fat % and fat weight. Therefore, both diets would be indicated for people who want to improve their muscle mass and strength by performing hypertrophy training. However, if the aim is fitness purpose, the ketogenic diet could provide more results and if the goal is strength improvement, a diet rich in carbohydrates would be more suitable.
{"title":"Comparison of the effects on muscle mass and strength when applying a high carbohydrate diet and a ketogenic diet","authors":"E. Rieger, M. B. Abadía, M. L. M. Sancho, S. Juliá, Mari Ángeles Navarro Moreno","doi":"10.3390/mol2net-05-06702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mol2net-05-06702","url":null,"abstract":"Scientific evidence shows the importance of nutrition in muscle hypertrophy, especially with the aim of achieving a positive energy balance between food intake and energy consumption, if there is always a suitable protein intake. Several studies show that the combination of exercise against resistance with excessive energy consumption produces gains in lean body mass. However, the exact amount of all macronutrients is not clear. 10 men with more than 2 years of experience in systematic strength training were divided into 2 groups of 5 subjects, one group submitted to a ketogenic diet and the other to a diet with a high percentage of carbohydrates, both groups for 8 weeks. Both diets produced a significant increase in muscle mass % and 1MR bench press and squat. This increase was more prominent in the carbohydrate-rich diet. In addition, the ketogenic diet stood out for the significant decrease in fat % and fat weight. Therefore, both diets would be indicated for people who want to improve their muscle mass and strength by performing hypertrophy training. However, if the aim is fitness purpose, the ketogenic diet could provide more results and if the goal is strength improvement, a diet rich in carbohydrates would be more suitable.","PeriodicalId":337320,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of MOL2NET 2019, International Conference on Multidisciplinary Sciences, 5th edition","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125118027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-14DOI: 10.3390/mol2net-05-06622
L. Torres, J. Polo, T. Luong, L. Machin
The distribution coefficient (log P) is an important molecular characteristic that allows us to estimate the lipophilicity of chemical compounds and predict how a drug will behave, fundamentally against the processes of absorption and excretion. The experimental determination of this and other properties of interest has several limitations, such as the high time invested and the consumption of considerable amounts of sample. In recent years, the development of new drugs has been supported by computational tools that allow a theoretical prediction of their properties from the information collected by their molecular descriptors, their design being much faster and cheaper. This paper shows the results of a structure-property relationship (QSPR) study aimed at finding a predictive mathematical model of the distribution coefficient of organic compounds of pharmaceutical interest. Through the computer programs ACDLabs (simplified molecular representations and calculation of log P) and MODESLAB (calculation of molecular descriptors) a training series consisting of 200 compounds classified in ten pharmacological groups was formed. Using the BuildQSAR computer program, an optimal prediction model of log P was obtained, considering the five molecular descriptors that best correlated with this property as independent variables. The model obtained showed a percentage of adjustment to the experimental data of 85%, as well as a standard error of the estimate lower than the logarithmic unit. Its internal validation showed an adjustment percentage of 80%.
{"title":"A QSPR model for the prediction of the partition coefficient of organic compounds of pharmaceutical interest","authors":"L. Torres, J. Polo, T. Luong, L. Machin","doi":"10.3390/mol2net-05-06622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mol2net-05-06622","url":null,"abstract":"The distribution coefficient (log P) is an important molecular characteristic that allows us to estimate the lipophilicity of chemical compounds and predict how a drug will behave, fundamentally against the processes of absorption and excretion. The experimental determination of this and other properties of interest has several limitations, such as the high time invested and the consumption of considerable amounts of sample. In recent years, the development of new drugs has been supported by computational tools that allow a theoretical prediction of their properties from the information collected by their molecular descriptors, their design being much faster and cheaper. This paper shows the results of a structure-property relationship (QSPR) study aimed at finding a predictive mathematical model of the distribution coefficient of organic compounds of pharmaceutical interest. Through the computer programs ACDLabs (simplified molecular representations and calculation of log P) and MODESLAB (calculation of molecular descriptors) a training series consisting of 200 compounds classified in ten pharmacological groups was formed. Using the BuildQSAR computer program, an optimal prediction model of log P was obtained, considering the five molecular descriptors that best correlated with this property as independent variables. The model obtained showed a percentage of adjustment to the experimental data of 85%, as well as a standard error of the estimate lower than the logarithmic unit. Its internal validation showed an adjustment percentage of 80%.","PeriodicalId":337320,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of MOL2NET 2019, International Conference on Multidisciplinary Sciences, 5th edition","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131353403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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