Anas Maulan, Burhanudin Harahap, Sasmini, Fakultas Hukum, Sebelas Maret
Indonesia is one of the largest Islamic countries in the world. In 2021, Indonesia has officially formed Bank Syariah Indonesia combined with 3 private Islamic banks, namely Bank BRI Syariah, Bank Mandiri Syariah and BNI Syariah. The purpose of Bank Syariah Indonesia is to facilitate sharia-based services that avoid customers from transactions containing elements of usury, gharar, maisir, haram and Zalim which are commonly applied in conventional banking in general in the form of interest. Islamic banking in Indonesia takes advantage not from usury but from financing or buying and selling goods carried out by banks with customers according to customer wishes and needs. One of the financing that is usually in demand by customers is the murabahah financing contract and the musyarakah mutanaqisah financing contract. These two contracts are the same as taking advantage of buying and selling goods but murabahah is more dominant in financing without a down payment and goods that have been determined from the beginning of the contract while muyarakah mutanaqisah is more dominant in financing the needs desired by customers in the form of cash instead of goods.
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Murabahah Financing Agreement with Musyarakah Mutanaqisah Financing Agreement in Indonesia's Sharia Banking System","authors":"Anas Maulan, Burhanudin Harahap, Sasmini, Fakultas Hukum, Sebelas Maret","doi":"10.59683/ijls.v2i1.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59683/ijls.v2i1.31","url":null,"abstract":"Indonesia is one of the largest Islamic countries in the world. In 2021, Indonesia has officially formed Bank Syariah Indonesia combined with 3 private Islamic banks, namely Bank BRI Syariah, Bank Mandiri Syariah and BNI Syariah. The purpose of Bank Syariah Indonesia is to facilitate sharia-based services that avoid customers from transactions containing elements of usury, gharar, maisir, haram and Zalim which are commonly applied in conventional banking in general in the form of interest. Islamic banking in Indonesia takes advantage not from usury but from financing or buying and selling goods carried out by banks with customers according to customer wishes and needs. One of the financing that is usually in demand by customers is the murabahah financing contract and the musyarakah mutanaqisah financing contract. These two contracts are the same as taking advantage of buying and selling goods but murabahah is more dominant in financing without a down payment and goods that have been determined from the beginning of the contract while muyarakah mutanaqisah is more dominant in financing the needs desired by customers in the form of cash instead of goods.","PeriodicalId":337812,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Law and Society (IJLS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131363295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
People and cultures migrating from one location to another is thought to be a long-standing historical trend. This is essentially true during the formative stages of nation-states. Internal and external factors more frequently induced the movement of a diverse range of people in groups or trickled them to habitations deemed more favourable, secure, or conducive to farming, settlement, hunting, and so on. Wars, slave raids, hostile neighborhoods, or the search for resources like water, salt ponds, and so on, constituted the push and pull factors of early migrations of populations. This paper considers the migrations and settlement of Yalla-Nkum and Akparabong and their impact on intergroup relations in Ikom, middle Cross River Region, from 1815–2007. The raison d’être and the factors of contacts and relations in determining the politics of Ikom have all been considered. The empirical phenomenological approach used in this study. Checking data is based on information obtained from informed informants. Documented sources also complement the primary data obtained. Findings show that ownership and management of scarce resources attract envy, hostility, and even resource conflicts among pre-colonial groups, thereby setting the pattern of relationships during the colonial era.
{"title":"Akparabong and Yalla-Nkum Relations in the Middle Cross River Region, Nigeria","authors":"Frank N. Enor, Kenneth Obem Etta","doi":"10.59683/ijls.v2i1.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59683/ijls.v2i1.36","url":null,"abstract":"People and cultures migrating from one location to another is thought to be a long-standing historical trend. This is essentially true during the formative stages of nation-states. Internal and external factors more frequently induced the movement of a diverse range of people in groups or trickled them to habitations deemed more favourable, secure, or conducive to farming, settlement, hunting, and so on. Wars, slave raids, hostile neighborhoods, or the search for resources like water, salt ponds, and so on, constituted the push and pull factors of early migrations of populations. This paper considers the migrations and settlement of Yalla-Nkum and Akparabong and their impact on intergroup relations in Ikom, middle Cross River Region, from 1815–2007. The raison d’être and the factors of contacts and relations in determining the politics of Ikom have all been considered. The empirical phenomenological approach used in this study. Checking data is based on information obtained from informed informants. Documented sources also complement the primary data obtained. Findings show that ownership and management of scarce resources attract envy, hostility, and even resource conflicts among pre-colonial groups, thereby setting the pattern of relationships during the colonial era.","PeriodicalId":337812,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Law and Society (IJLS)","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132784777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article seeks to examine the effects of the Land Use Act of 1978 on the customary system of land holding in Nigeria. Since the birth of the Act, the problem facing our courts, ordinary people and lawyers is determining the actual position of customary tenants under the system of property rights introduced by the Law. The empirical legal research method used in this study is a type of qualitative research. This method focuses on cases in the community using legal studies, while the scope of this research is the Land Use Act 1978 against the customary land tenure system in Nigeria. The results of the discussion made it clear that the Laws on Land Use and Customary Land Owners have much in common. As such, the controversies generated by these issues continue to defy consensus among our academic "egg heads" as well as learned judges in our courts. Indeed, many court decisions appear to indicate that the courts have not settled the controversy on this issue. As a result, the judicial confusion for Nigerian means of conveyance continues to this day.
{"title":"The Status of Customary Tenants in Relation to Land Held by Him: An Overview of Customary Law","authors":"M. Otu, Joe Edet","doi":"10.59683/ijls.v2i1.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59683/ijls.v2i1.34","url":null,"abstract":"The article seeks to examine the effects of the Land Use Act of 1978 on the customary system of land holding in Nigeria. Since the birth of the Act, the problem facing our courts, ordinary people and lawyers is determining the actual position of customary tenants under the system of property rights introduced by the Law. The empirical legal research method used in this study is a type of qualitative research. This method focuses on cases in the community using legal studies, while the scope of this research is the Land Use Act 1978 against the customary land tenure system in Nigeria. The results of the discussion made it clear that the Laws on Land Use and Customary Land Owners have much in common. As such, the controversies generated by these issues continue to defy consensus among our academic \"egg heads\" as well as learned judges in our courts. Indeed, many court decisions appear to indicate that the courts have not settled the controversy on this issue. As a result, the judicial confusion for Nigerian means of conveyance continues to this day.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":337812,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Law and Society (IJLS)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117028314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Public service is an activity in which there is fulfillment of service needs in accordance with applicable regulations, because there are laws that regulate it, the community or residents have rights to goods or services and other administrative services that have been provided by public service providers. The purpose of this research is to be able to find out how the implementation of statutory regulations regarding the implementation of public service standards and what are the obstacles faced in public services. This writing uses the type of empirical legal research. This research is carried out by looking at the facts in the field where the contents of the research include understanding and studying how to apply the law directly to the subject of the field. The results and conclusions of this study are that the implementation of laws and regulations regarding the application of public service standards for the Population and Civil Registration Office of Magetan Regency has implemented the law well marked by the absence of problems with the community, although in conclusion it cannot be fully stated that the Magetan Population and Civil Registration Agency has universally implemented law but in one subject this can be said as a public service provider is already a very good thing.
{"title":"Juridical Analysis of Implementation of Public Service Standards in the Service of Population and Civil Registration in Magetan District","authors":"Enny Fransiskawati, Saiful Anwar, M. Fadhli","doi":"10.59683/ijls.v2i1.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59683/ijls.v2i1.28","url":null,"abstract":"Public service is an activity in which there is fulfillment of service needs in accordance with applicable regulations, because there are laws that regulate it, the community or residents have rights to goods or services and other administrative services that have been provided by public service providers. The purpose of this research is to be able to find out how the implementation of statutory regulations regarding the implementation of public service standards and what are the obstacles faced in public services. This writing uses the type of empirical legal research. This research is carried out by looking at the facts in the field where the contents of the research include understanding and studying how to apply the law directly to the subject of the field. The results and conclusions of this study are that the implementation of laws and regulations regarding the application of public service standards for the Population and Civil Registration Office of Magetan Regency has implemented the law well marked by the absence of problems with the community, although in conclusion it cannot be fully stated that the Magetan Population and Civil Registration Agency has universally implemented law but in one subject this can be said as a public service provider is already a very good thing.","PeriodicalId":337812,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Law and Society (IJLS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115280499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The provisions in the Qur'an and al-Hadith bind Islamic Contract Law. From the Islamic perspective, contracts are better known by the word Akad. The most significant factor in the increase in profit power in Islamic contract law is obtained from financing agreements. Indonesia and Malaysia, as Muslim-majority countries, provide different arrangements regarding istishna's financing agreement'. Therefore, this legal research aims to compare Islamic legal systems in applying the istishna' agreement in Indonesia and Malaysia based on the DSN MUI Fatwa and the SAC BNM Fatwa. The research method is a doctrinal legal research method with a comparative approach. The results showed that in the application of the istishna' contract in Indonesia and Malaysia, there was no significant difference. The development of istishna' agreements between the two countries from year to year has fluctuated. The number of istishna' financing agreements in Indonesia is higher than in Malaysia.
{"title":"Comparative Study of Islamic Legal Systems in the Application of the Istishna' Agreement in Indonesia and Malaysia","authors":"Khansa Tazkiya, Burhanudin Harahap, H. Purwadi","doi":"10.59683/ijls.v1i3.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59683/ijls.v1i3.26","url":null,"abstract":"The provisions in the Qur'an and al-Hadith bind Islamic Contract Law. From the Islamic perspective, contracts are better known by the word Akad. The most significant factor in the increase in profit power in Islamic contract law is obtained from financing agreements. Indonesia and Malaysia, as Muslim-majority countries, provide different arrangements regarding istishna's financing agreement'. Therefore, this legal research aims to compare Islamic legal systems in applying the istishna' agreement in Indonesia and Malaysia based on the DSN MUI Fatwa and the SAC BNM Fatwa. The research method is a doctrinal legal research method with a comparative approach. The results showed that in the application of the istishna' contract in Indonesia and Malaysia, there was no significant difference. The development of istishna' agreements between the two countries from year to year has fluctuated. The number of istishna' financing agreements in Indonesia is higher than in Malaysia.","PeriodicalId":337812,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Law and Society (IJLS)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134421491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nur M. T Takdir, M. F. Abdullah, Muhammad Tahmid Nur, Muhammad Farhan Abdullah
The purpose of this study is to discuss the implications of establishing a marriage dispensation for divorce cases at the Sengkang Religious Court. This type of research is qualitative field research with a normative juridical approach. A strategic solution to minimizing marital dispensation is to educate children that underage marriages have a high risk, including when giving birth later, the Regional Government must also play an active role by issuing regulations in the form of laws regarding dispensation of marriage and the prohibition of underage marriages. The implication of dispensation for underage marriage is a cause of conflict in the household which leads to divorce, besides that the cause of death of mothers or babies born is due to the lack of physical maturity on the part of the woman.
{"title":"Implications of the Determination of Marriage Dispensation on Divorce Case","authors":"Nur M. T Takdir, M. F. Abdullah, Muhammad Tahmid Nur, Muhammad Farhan Abdullah","doi":"10.59683/ijls.v1i3.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59683/ijls.v1i3.18","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to discuss the implications of establishing a marriage dispensation for divorce cases at the Sengkang Religious Court. This type of research is qualitative field research with a normative juridical approach. A strategic solution to minimizing marital dispensation is to educate children that underage marriages have a high risk, including when giving birth later, the Regional Government must also play an active role by issuing regulations in the form of laws regarding dispensation of marriage and the prohibition of underage marriages. The implication of dispensation for underage marriage is a cause of conflict in the household which leads to divorce, besides that the cause of death of mothers or babies born is due to the lack of physical maturity on the part of the woman.","PeriodicalId":337812,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Law and Society (IJLS)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116243786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Tanbirul Islam, Md. Fokhrul Islam, Juairiya Sawda
The e-commerce growth scenario is forging a new dynamism in business and does not offer time-bound, cost-effective and hassle-free buying and selling. Following the changing approach, security management in e-commerce (cyber security) is now a focus. This research is a qualitative research that uses a case study method to analyze risks and vulnerabilities in the field. People in Bangladesh are primarily unaware of the risks related to using computing and digital devices and online platforms. This article articulates the risk factors associated with the growing reliance on digital technologies and devices. Then, some policy guidelines are prescribed for the national level and individual level, including leading social campaigns, new chapters in the school curriculum, advancing technological aptitudes of law enforcers, strengthening security systems in e-commerce, embanking sites, bringing frauds to justice, initiating law to define cybercrimes, fortifying institutional management of cyber securities.
{"title":"E-Commerce and Cyber Vulnerabilities in Bangladesh","authors":"Muhammad Tanbirul Islam, Md. Fokhrul Islam, Juairiya Sawda","doi":"10.59683/ijls.v1i3.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59683/ijls.v1i3.24","url":null,"abstract":"The e-commerce growth scenario is forging a new dynamism in business and does not offer time-bound, cost-effective and hassle-free buying and selling. Following the changing approach, security management in e-commerce (cyber security) is now a focus. This research is a qualitative research that uses a case study method to analyze risks and vulnerabilities in the field. People in Bangladesh are primarily unaware of the risks related to using computing and digital devices and online platforms. This article articulates the risk factors associated with the growing reliance on digital technologies and devices. Then, some policy guidelines are prescribed for the national level and individual level, including leading social campaigns, new chapters in the school curriculum, advancing technological aptitudes of law enforcers, strengthening security systems in e-commerce, embanking sites, bringing frauds to justice, initiating law to define cybercrimes, fortifying institutional management of cyber securities.","PeriodicalId":337812,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Law and Society (IJLS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129594487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Uplifting human moral values, social commitment and integrated personality is the core aim of education in addition to prepare graduates with professional skills and disciplinary knowledge. On that focus, the study developed the Integrated Political Science Curriculum Framework (IPSC) followed by mainly three approaches of educational research: philosophical, historical, and curriculum criticism. The IPSC model accommodated the courses on core disciplinary and faculty required courses, revealed knowledge, and generic skills. The proposed model was in response to growing scholastic debate on educational dualism and crisis of western education, devoid of moral and religious essence. The study mainly adopts library research and document analysis: previous curriculum models and university education frameworks, official documents, etc. In this article, the successful application of IPSC in the IIUM political science curriculum is rightly exemplified and indicates the relevancy of this in the multicultural society like Malaysia, Indonesia and Bangladesh.
{"title":"Undergraduate Political Science Curriculum of International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM)","authors":"M. A. Aziz","doi":"10.59683/ijls.v1i3.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59683/ijls.v1i3.20","url":null,"abstract":"Uplifting human moral values, social commitment and integrated personality is the core aim of education in addition to prepare graduates with professional skills and disciplinary knowledge. On that focus, the study developed the Integrated Political Science Curriculum Framework (IPSC) followed by mainly three approaches of educational research: philosophical, historical, and curriculum criticism. The IPSC model accommodated the courses on core disciplinary and faculty required courses, revealed knowledge, and generic skills. The proposed model was in response to growing scholastic debate on educational dualism and crisis of western education, devoid of moral and religious essence. The study mainly adopts library research and document analysis: previous curriculum models and university education frameworks, official documents, etc. In this article, the successful application of IPSC in the IIUM political science curriculum is rightly exemplified and indicates the relevancy of this in the multicultural society like Malaysia, Indonesia and Bangladesh.","PeriodicalId":337812,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Law and Society (IJLS)","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115930966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study discusses whether the Covid-19 pandemic can be classified as a force majeure (overmatch) in a credit agreement. This study uses a normative juridical method by conducting a literature study on legal materials obtained from laws, literature, and other books related to this writing. From the results of the research that has been done, the policies implemented during the Covid-19 pandemic could have gone better. This is marked by the continued decline in the community's economy, so the achievements in the agreements still need to be fulfilled. Many parties, one of which is a debtor in a credit agreement, have failed to pay by using force majeure (overmatch) to avoid responsibility for compensation. The Covid-19 pandemic can indeed be classified as a force majeure (overmacht) as long as the debtor can prove the reasons he stated to the creditor in several ways, namely 1) An unexpected event occurred, 2) An event that occurred beyond his control/fault, and 3) some events prevent the debtor from fulfilling his achievements.
{"title":"Implications of the Covid-19 Pandemi as Forcing Circumstances (Overmacht) in Credit Agreements","authors":"Haadi Arrosyiid, F. Febriansyah","doi":"10.59683/ijls.v1i3.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59683/ijls.v1i3.25","url":null,"abstract":"This study discusses whether the Covid-19 pandemic can be classified as a force majeure (overmatch) in a credit agreement. This study uses a normative juridical method by conducting a literature study on legal materials obtained from laws, literature, and other books related to this writing. From the results of the research that has been done, the policies implemented during the Covid-19 pandemic could have gone better. This is marked by the continued decline in the community's economy, so the achievements in the agreements still need to be fulfilled. Many parties, one of which is a debtor in a credit agreement, have failed to pay by using force majeure (overmatch) to avoid responsibility for compensation. The Covid-19 pandemic can indeed be classified as a force majeure (overmacht) as long as the debtor can prove the reasons he stated to the creditor in several ways, namely 1) An unexpected event occurred, 2) An event that occurred beyond his control/fault, and 3) some events prevent the debtor from fulfilling his achievements.","PeriodicalId":337812,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Law and Society (IJLS)","volume":"46 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125702510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Henry Clark, the first US ambassador to Uzbekistan, recalled how the country spent its days with coupons and economic hardships when it was hard to boil the pot. Political scientist Ainura Akmatalieva stated, “In US policy in Central Asia, the desire to strengthen relations with Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan will prevail over regional dialogue”. It was noted that the US is focusing on Uzbekistan because of Afghanistan and stability. In this paper, I will analyze why the relationship between Uzbekistan and the United States is more robust than that of other Central Asian countries. A phenomenological approach is used in this study and is supported by a literature review based on open sources (articles, reports, news), accompanied by applying International Relations theory. In the last section, I try to conclude by recommending policies to the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Shavkat Mirziyoyev. In conclusion, I recommend maintaining strong and beneficial relations for both sides in many sectors. Still, neutrality should remain the basic concept of Uzbekistan when it comes to other industries, such as foreign policy, military agreements, and interference in any issues between Afghanistan and the Taliban.
{"title":"Strong Relations Uzbekistan Plays an Important Role in Central Asia (US perspective)","authors":"Bobur Bakhrom ugli Toshbekov","doi":"10.59683/ijls.v1i2.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59683/ijls.v1i2.22","url":null,"abstract":"Henry Clark, the first US ambassador to Uzbekistan, recalled how the country spent its days with coupons and economic hardships when it was hard to boil the pot. Political scientist Ainura Akmatalieva stated, “In US policy in Central Asia, the desire to strengthen relations with Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan will prevail over regional dialogue”. It was noted that the US is focusing on Uzbekistan because of Afghanistan and stability. In this paper, I will analyze why the relationship between Uzbekistan and the United States is more robust than that of other Central Asian countries. A phenomenological approach is used in this study and is supported by a literature review based on open sources (articles, reports, news), accompanied by applying International Relations theory. In the last section, I try to conclude by recommending policies to the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Shavkat Mirziyoyev. In conclusion, I recommend maintaining strong and beneficial relations for both sides in many sectors. Still, neutrality should remain the basic concept of Uzbekistan when it comes to other industries, such as foreign policy, military agreements, and interference in any issues between Afghanistan and the Taliban.","PeriodicalId":337812,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Law and Society (IJLS)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122333503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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