Pub Date : 2019-05-10DOI: 10.1039/9781788016292-00037
A. R. M. Bustos, J. Pettibone, K. Murphy
Over the past two decades, the unique properties of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) have placed them at the centre of revolutionary advancements in many sectors of science, technology and commerce. Multi-technique and multi-disciplinary analytical approaches are required to identify, quantify, and characterize the chemical composition, size and size distribution, surface properties and the number and concentration of NPs. In this chapter, an overview of the recent advances in the characterization of NPs will be presented.
{"title":"Chapter 2. Characterization of Nanoparticles: Advances","authors":"A. R. M. Bustos, J. Pettibone, K. Murphy","doi":"10.1039/9781788016292-00037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788016292-00037","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past two decades, the unique properties of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) have placed them at the centre of revolutionary advancements in many sectors of science, technology and commerce. Multi-technique and multi-disciplinary analytical approaches are required to identify, quantify, and characterize the chemical composition, size and size distribution, surface properties and the number and concentration of NPs. In this chapter, an overview of the recent advances in the characterization of NPs will be presented.","PeriodicalId":337920,"journal":{"name":"Nanoparticle Design and Characterization for Catalytic Applications in Sustainable Chemistry","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114600820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-10DOI: 10.1039/9781788016292-00115
E. Salminen, S. Bridier, P. Mäki-Arvela, Narendra Kumar, J. Dahl, Jorma Roine, T. Salmi, J. Mikkola
Different catalyst synthesis methods determine the physicochemical and catalytic properties of the prepared materials. The design of suitable catalytic active sites is important to increase the activity and to improve selectivity for the desired product. Biomass derived terpenes and their oxides (e.g. α-pinene oxide) are important platform building blocks for the pharmaceutical and fine chemical industries. Transformation of α-pinene oxide to a fragrance chemical, campholenic aldehyde, is promoted by the Lewis acidic nature of the catalyst. The isomerization of α-pinene oxide to campholenic aldehyde was studied over Co-modified Beta- and Y-zeolites as well as over silica, alumina and mesoporous H-MCM-48 catalysts. The Co-modified catalysts were characterized using powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), elemental analysis using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), nitrogen sorption analysis to analyze the porosity, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to study the Co oxidation states, temperature programmed desorption (TPD)-NH3 and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)-pyridine to measure the acidic properties. Co-H-Beta-150, Co-H-Beta-25, Co-H-Y-12, Co-H-Y-80, Co-H-MCM-48 catalysts gave rise to a high conversion (>62%) of α-pinene oxide. The Co-H-Y-80 zeolite and the Co-MCM-48 mesoporous catalysts exhibited a 51% and 45% yield of campholenic aldehyde, respectively.
不同的催化剂合成方法决定了所制备材料的物理化学和催化性能。设计合适的催化活性位点对于提高活性和提高期望产物的选择性是非常重要的。生物质衍生的萜烯及其氧化物(例如α-蒎烯氧化物)是制药和精细化工行业的重要平台构建块。催化剂的刘易斯酸性促进了α-蒎烯氧化物转化为芳香化学品——樟脑醛。研究了α-蒎烯氧化物在共改性β -和y -沸石以及二氧化硅、氧化铝和介孔H-MCM-48催化剂上异构化成樟脑醛的反应。采用粉末x射线衍射(PXRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能量色散x射线能谱(EDX)、氮吸附分析(孔隙度分析)、x射线光电子能谱(XPS)研究Co氧化态、程序升温解吸(TPD)-NH3和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)-吡啶测定催化剂的酸性。co - h - β -150、co - h - β -25、Co-H-Y-12、Co-H-Y-80、Co-H-MCM-48催化剂的α-蒎烯氧化物转化率高达62%。Co-H-Y-80分子筛和Co-MCM-48介孔催化剂的脑烯醛收率分别为51%和45%。
{"title":"Chapter 4. Design of Metal-modified Zeolites and Mesoporous Aluminosilicates and Application in the Synthesis of Fine Chemicals","authors":"E. Salminen, S. Bridier, P. Mäki-Arvela, Narendra Kumar, J. Dahl, Jorma Roine, T. Salmi, J. Mikkola","doi":"10.1039/9781788016292-00115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788016292-00115","url":null,"abstract":"Different catalyst synthesis methods determine the physicochemical and catalytic properties of the prepared materials. The design of suitable catalytic active sites is important to increase the activity and to improve selectivity for the desired product. Biomass derived terpenes and their oxides (e.g. α-pinene oxide) are important platform building blocks for the pharmaceutical and fine chemical industries. Transformation of α-pinene oxide to a fragrance chemical, campholenic aldehyde, is promoted by the Lewis acidic nature of the catalyst. The isomerization of α-pinene oxide to campholenic aldehyde was studied over Co-modified Beta- and Y-zeolites as well as over silica, alumina and mesoporous H-MCM-48 catalysts. The Co-modified catalysts were characterized using powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), elemental analysis using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), nitrogen sorption analysis to analyze the porosity, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to study the Co oxidation states, temperature programmed desorption (TPD)-NH3 and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)-pyridine to measure the acidic properties. Co-H-Beta-150, Co-H-Beta-25, Co-H-Y-12, Co-H-Y-80, Co-H-MCM-48 catalysts gave rise to a high conversion (>62%) of α-pinene oxide. The Co-H-Y-80 zeolite and the Co-MCM-48 mesoporous catalysts exhibited a 51% and 45% yield of campholenic aldehyde, respectively.","PeriodicalId":337920,"journal":{"name":"Nanoparticle Design and Characterization for Catalytic Applications in Sustainable Chemistry","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125830201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-10DOI: 10.1039/9781788016292-00329
H. Ezoji, M. Rahimnejad
The development of electrochemical sensors and biosensors by integration of transducers and recognition elements has received continuously growing attention and interest, by virtue of the extraordinary features, such as the sensitivity, simplicity, practicality, portability, ease of operation and even low production cost. Taking advantage of the remarkable advances in nanotechnology, the sensitivity, selectivity and accuracy are increasingly being improved. This chapter presents a clear and concise conceptualisation and classification of sensors, and more specifically of electrochemical sensors and biosensors, highlighting the impact of nanomaterials on the development of such devices. Finally, an interesting case study is presented on the use of an advanced gold nanoparticle on a glassy carbon electrode for electrochemical sensing of bisphenol A with low detection limits.
{"title":"Chapter 12. Nanoparticles-based Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors","authors":"H. Ezoji, M. Rahimnejad","doi":"10.1039/9781788016292-00329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788016292-00329","url":null,"abstract":"The development of electrochemical sensors and biosensors by integration of transducers and recognition elements has received continuously growing attention and interest, by virtue of the extraordinary features, such as the sensitivity, simplicity, practicality, portability, ease of operation and even low production cost. Taking advantage of the remarkable advances in nanotechnology, the sensitivity, selectivity and accuracy are increasingly being improved. This chapter presents a clear and concise conceptualisation and classification of sensors, and more specifically of electrochemical sensors and biosensors, highlighting the impact of nanomaterials on the development of such devices. Finally, an interesting case study is presented on the use of an advanced gold nanoparticle on a glassy carbon electrode for electrochemical sensing of bisphenol A with low detection limits.","PeriodicalId":337920,"journal":{"name":"Nanoparticle Design and Characterization for Catalytic Applications in Sustainable Chemistry","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126393378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-10DOI: 10.1039/9781788016292-00280
J. Múnera, B. Faroldi, L. Cornaglia
This chapter focuses on a discussion of the significance of metal particle size on catalyst activity and stability for the production of hydrogen as a clean energy carrier via reforming reactions, and in particular how the particle size can influence metal oxidation and carbon formation. Numerous catalysts based on noble metals such as rhodium, platinum, iridium, palladium and ruthenium, as well as on non-noble metals such as cobalt, nickel and copper, have been studied for methane reforming, steam reforming of ethanol and the water–gas shift reaction. The design of noble and non-noble metal nanoparticles as catalysts for the production of hydrogen at different operating conditions is analysed. Several reports are discussed taking into account how the catalytic activity of metal-based materials varies with respect to the particle size. In addition, the role of metal dispersion is related to the resistance to carbon deposition and oxidation of the reduced species under reaction conditions. Correlations between the specific activity and the metal nanoparticle size have been proposed. However, the catalytic activity and the selectivity to hydrogen are highly dependent on the metal–support interactions.
{"title":"Chapter 10. Nanoparticles in the Water–Gas Shift Reaction and Steam Reforming Reactions","authors":"J. Múnera, B. Faroldi, L. Cornaglia","doi":"10.1039/9781788016292-00280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788016292-00280","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter focuses on a discussion of the significance of metal particle size on catalyst activity and stability for the production of hydrogen as a clean energy carrier via reforming reactions, and in particular how the particle size can influence metal oxidation and carbon formation. Numerous catalysts based on noble metals such as rhodium, platinum, iridium, palladium and ruthenium, as well as on non-noble metals such as cobalt, nickel and copper, have been studied for methane reforming, steam reforming of ethanol and the water–gas shift reaction. The design of noble and non-noble metal nanoparticles as catalysts for the production of hydrogen at different operating conditions is analysed. Several reports are discussed taking into account how the catalytic activity of metal-based materials varies with respect to the particle size. In addition, the role of metal dispersion is related to the resistance to carbon deposition and oxidation of the reduced species under reaction conditions. Correlations between the specific activity and the metal nanoparticle size have been proposed. However, the catalytic activity and the selectivity to hydrogen are highly dependent on the metal–support interactions.","PeriodicalId":337920,"journal":{"name":"Nanoparticle Design and Characterization for Catalytic Applications in Sustainable Chemistry","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131844048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-10DOI: 10.1039/9781788016292-00163
Anaclet Nsabimana, Guobao Xu
Nanomaterials exhibit unique properties that are different from their bulk counterparts as decreasing the size of a particle leads to a larger portion of the atoms being located on the surface, resulting in the increased influence of surface effects on the properties of a material. Owing to these properties, nanocatalysts are considered to be a bridge between homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. Metal nanocatalysts, especially platinum catalysts, are important in electrochemical and organic transformation reactions. Unfortunately, their scarcity, low stability, risk to the environment and high cost limit their use. To overcome these challenges, significant work has been performed to synthesize metal-free nanocatalysts such as fullerene, graphitic carbon nitride, porous carbons, graphene, carbon fibres, carbon nanotubes, pure and doped carbons with non-metallic elements (B, N, H, O, P, S…), and so forth, as an alternative to metal-based catalysts. This chapter describes the progress in this field, with a focus on catalyst characterization and their performance, both in electrocatalysis and in organic transformations.
{"title":"Chapter 6. Design of Metal-free Nanocatalysts","authors":"Anaclet Nsabimana, Guobao Xu","doi":"10.1039/9781788016292-00163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788016292-00163","url":null,"abstract":"Nanomaterials exhibit unique properties that are different from their bulk counterparts as decreasing the size of a particle leads to a larger portion of the atoms being located on the surface, resulting in the increased influence of surface effects on the properties of a material. Owing to these properties, nanocatalysts are considered to be a bridge between homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. Metal nanocatalysts, especially platinum catalysts, are important in electrochemical and organic transformation reactions. Unfortunately, their scarcity, low stability, risk to the environment and high cost limit their use. To overcome these challenges, significant work has been performed to synthesize metal-free nanocatalysts such as fullerene, graphitic carbon nitride, porous carbons, graphene, carbon fibres, carbon nanotubes, pure and doped carbons with non-metallic elements (B, N, H, O, P, S…), and so forth, as an alternative to metal-based catalysts. This chapter describes the progress in this field, with a focus on catalyst characterization and their performance, both in electrocatalysis and in organic transformations.","PeriodicalId":337920,"journal":{"name":"Nanoparticle Design and Characterization for Catalytic Applications in Sustainable Chemistry","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125174414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-10DOI: 10.1039/9781788016292-00001
P. Prinsen, R. Luque
The first chapter provides a comprehensive introduction to nanocatalysts. First, the role of catalysis in sustainable chemistry is highlighted. Researchers and those working in industry are continually searching for highly active, efficient and stable catalysts. Nanoscience and nanotechnology have undoubtedly contributed to this, and have gone beyond the classic homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, developing catalysts that exhibit unprecedented properties and performances. The mechanisms behind these nano-effects remain unclear, and there is still space for improvement in the design of nanocatalysts. Current design strategies are based on the synthesis of highly active sites at the nanoscale and also on tuning the micro-environment by hosting them in confined spaces in porous nanomaterials. Advanced characterization of nanoparticles is essential to making the design and synthesis more rational. Nano-effects include structural changes and confinement and have a considerable impact on the energy levels, which can alter the physical, electronic and optical properties of nanomaterials. Prominent catalytic applications in sustainable chemistry include the production of bulk and fine chemicals in classic petroleum-based refineries and in biorefineries starting from biomass, carbon dioxide conversion, photocatalytic water splitting, reformation and the development of advanced sensor materials. These applications fields are highlighted as an introduction to the research topics presented in the following chapters.
{"title":"Chapter 1. Introduction to Nanocatalysts","authors":"P. Prinsen, R. Luque","doi":"10.1039/9781788016292-00001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788016292-00001","url":null,"abstract":"The first chapter provides a comprehensive introduction to nanocatalysts. First, the role of catalysis in sustainable chemistry is highlighted. Researchers and those working in industry are continually searching for highly active, efficient and stable catalysts. Nanoscience and nanotechnology have undoubtedly contributed to this, and have gone beyond the classic homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, developing catalysts that exhibit unprecedented properties and performances. The mechanisms behind these nano-effects remain unclear, and there is still space for improvement in the design of nanocatalysts. Current design strategies are based on the synthesis of highly active sites at the nanoscale and also on tuning the micro-environment by hosting them in confined spaces in porous nanomaterials. Advanced characterization of nanoparticles is essential to making the design and synthesis more rational. Nano-effects include structural changes and confinement and have a considerable impact on the energy levels, which can alter the physical, electronic and optical properties of nanomaterials. Prominent catalytic applications in sustainable chemistry include the production of bulk and fine chemicals in classic petroleum-based refineries and in biorefineries starting from biomass, carbon dioxide conversion, photocatalytic water splitting, reformation and the development of advanced sensor materials. These applications fields are highlighted as an introduction to the research topics presented in the following chapters.","PeriodicalId":337920,"journal":{"name":"Nanoparticle Design and Characterization for Catalytic Applications in Sustainable Chemistry","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122403060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-10DOI: 10.1039/9781788016292-00309
C. K. Waters, B. Cojocaru, F. Lin, L. Woodard, R. Richards, V. Pârvulescu
There is a continued and growing interest in sustaining and improving our environment. Research scientists are exploring new avenues using plasmonic photocatalysts as a way to catapult advances in the field. Plasmonic photocatalysts have gained significant attention in recent decades owing to the phenomena associated with localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). Gold (Au), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu) are the most widely studied and will be highlighted in this chapter. This chapter includes fundamental concepts related to LSPR and the significance of employing plasmons as a method to increase photocatalytic reaction rates and improve product selectivity. Plasmon-enhanced catalytic reaction types including C–X bond activation and low carbon footprint applications are highlighted in this chapter. This chapter does not include an exhaustive list of applications for which plasmonic photocatalysts can be used, but rather provides insight into the vast possibilities of how phenomena related to LSPR and plasmon-enhanced catalytic processes can have a lasting effect on how we store, use, and convert energy in chemical bonds.
{"title":"Chapter 11. Plasmonic Photocatalysts for Environmental Applications","authors":"C. K. Waters, B. Cojocaru, F. Lin, L. Woodard, R. Richards, V. Pârvulescu","doi":"10.1039/9781788016292-00309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788016292-00309","url":null,"abstract":"There is a continued and growing interest in sustaining and improving our environment. Research scientists are exploring new avenues using plasmonic photocatalysts as a way to catapult advances in the field. Plasmonic photocatalysts have gained significant attention in recent decades owing to the phenomena associated with localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). Gold (Au), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu) are the most widely studied and will be highlighted in this chapter. This chapter includes fundamental concepts related to LSPR and the significance of employing plasmons as a method to increase photocatalytic reaction rates and improve product selectivity. Plasmon-enhanced catalytic reaction types including C–X bond activation and low carbon footprint applications are highlighted in this chapter. This chapter does not include an exhaustive list of applications for which plasmonic photocatalysts can be used, but rather provides insight into the vast possibilities of how phenomena related to LSPR and plasmon-enhanced catalytic processes can have a lasting effect on how we store, use, and convert energy in chemical bonds.","PeriodicalId":337920,"journal":{"name":"Nanoparticle Design and Characterization for Catalytic Applications in Sustainable Chemistry","volume":"475 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131216189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-10DOI: 10.1039/9781788016292-00184
Xi Chen, N. Yan
In this chapter, an account of up-to-date developments in the catalytic valorisation of lignocellulosic biomass via the novel design of nanocatalysts is given. Lignocellulosic biomass represents the largest renewable carbon resource that is used to produce value-added chemicals. Nanocatalysts, tuneable in size, shape, composition, and support, have been widely employed in lignocellulosic biomass valorisation, in order to simultaneously improve the conversion and product selectivity, and to allow the use of milder reaction conditions. The synthesis, design and applications of nanocatalysts for the transformation of cellulose (glucose and cellulose), hemicellulose (xylose, xylan and hemicellulose) and lignin (lignin model compounds and lignin) for chemical production will be summarized according to the reaction type.
{"title":"Chapter 7. Nanoparticle Design for the Catalytic Valorization of Lignocellulosic Biomass","authors":"Xi Chen, N. Yan","doi":"10.1039/9781788016292-00184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788016292-00184","url":null,"abstract":"In this chapter, an account of up-to-date developments in the catalytic valorisation of lignocellulosic biomass via the novel design of nanocatalysts is given. Lignocellulosic biomass represents the largest renewable carbon resource that is used to produce value-added chemicals. Nanocatalysts, tuneable in size, shape, composition, and support, have been widely employed in lignocellulosic biomass valorisation, in order to simultaneously improve the conversion and product selectivity, and to allow the use of milder reaction conditions. The synthesis, design and applications of nanocatalysts for the transformation of cellulose (glucose and cellulose), hemicellulose (xylose, xylan and hemicellulose) and lignin (lignin model compounds and lignin) for chemical production will be summarized according to the reaction type.","PeriodicalId":337920,"journal":{"name":"Nanoparticle Design and Characterization for Catalytic Applications in Sustainable Chemistry","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131268660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-10DOI: 10.1039/9781788016292-00207
Santosh Kumar, Wei Li, A. Lee
This chapter focuses on recent progress in nanoparticle design and synthesis for selective conventional catalytic, photocatalytic, electrocatalytic, photoelectrocatalytic and photothermal catalytic conversions of CO2 to reusable low carbon-based products, such as carbon monoxide, methane, methanol, formic acid, ethylene and many more, as sustainable feedstocks for fuels (or precursors) and chemicals, in order to protect our natural environment.
{"title":"Chapter 8. Nanocatalysts for CO2 Conversion","authors":"Santosh Kumar, Wei Li, A. Lee","doi":"10.1039/9781788016292-00207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788016292-00207","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter focuses on recent progress in nanoparticle design and synthesis for selective conventional catalytic, photocatalytic, electrocatalytic, photoelectrocatalytic and photothermal catalytic conversions of CO2 to reusable low carbon-based products, such as carbon monoxide, methane, methanol, formic acid, ethylene and many more, as sustainable feedstocks for fuels (or precursors) and chemicals, in order to protect our natural environment.","PeriodicalId":337920,"journal":{"name":"Nanoparticle Design and Characterization for Catalytic Applications in Sustainable Chemistry","volume":"147 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121230462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-10DOI: 10.1039/9781788016292-00084
S. Kumar, R. Varma, R. Zbořil, M. B. Gawande
The morphology-dependent catalytic performance of various supported metal nanocatalysts (Au, Pd, Pt, Co, Cu and Ru) deposited on oxide supports (cerium oxide and zinc oxide) with varying morphologies are discussed. The support morphology-dependent activity for important industrial reactions such as carbon monoxide oxidation, ammonia synthesis, the water–gas shift reaction, methanol steam reforming, and so forth is discerned. The nanoscale synthesis of metal nanoparticles and their deposition on nanosupports (CeO2 and ZnO) with diverse morphologies imparts unique properties to nanocatalysts owing to the distinctive metal-support interactions. Most of the nanocatalysts display diverse metal-support interactions because of the different planes exposed on their surface. Furthermore, the stability and uniform distribution of the metal nanoparticles is contingent on the morphology of the support. Consequently, it is imperative to tailor the morphology of the support, exposing active planes on the surface and exploiting the selective deposition of metal nanoparticles on these planes to enhance the catalytic activity of nanocatalysts. This chapter focuses on the fundamental understanding of the vital relationship between the support morphology and the ensuing catalyst reactivity, providing a new direction to the design and development of highly efficient heterogeneous catalysts.
{"title":"Chapter 3. Support Morphology-dependent Activity of Nanocatalysts","authors":"S. Kumar, R. Varma, R. Zbořil, M. B. Gawande","doi":"10.1039/9781788016292-00084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/9781788016292-00084","url":null,"abstract":"The morphology-dependent catalytic performance of various supported metal nanocatalysts (Au, Pd, Pt, Co, Cu and Ru) deposited on oxide supports (cerium oxide and zinc oxide) with varying morphologies are discussed. The support morphology-dependent activity for important industrial reactions such as carbon monoxide oxidation, ammonia synthesis, the water–gas shift reaction, methanol steam reforming, and so forth is discerned. The nanoscale synthesis of metal nanoparticles and their deposition on nanosupports (CeO2 and ZnO) with diverse morphologies imparts unique properties to nanocatalysts owing to the distinctive metal-support interactions. Most of the nanocatalysts display diverse metal-support interactions because of the different planes exposed on their surface. Furthermore, the stability and uniform distribution of the metal nanoparticles is contingent on the morphology of the support. Consequently, it is imperative to tailor the morphology of the support, exposing active planes on the surface and exploiting the selective deposition of metal nanoparticles on these planes to enhance the catalytic activity of nanocatalysts. This chapter focuses on the fundamental understanding of the vital relationship between the support morphology and the ensuing catalyst reactivity, providing a new direction to the design and development of highly efficient heterogeneous catalysts.","PeriodicalId":337920,"journal":{"name":"Nanoparticle Design and Characterization for Catalytic Applications in Sustainable Chemistry","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132196437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：