Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.51957/healthline_390_2022
V. Saxena
Overweight and obesity have reached epidemic proportions globally, with a world- wide prevalence of around 39%. It is the fifth leading cause of death, resulting in about 2.8 million deaths of adults globally every year. Diabetes (44%), Ischaemic heart disease (23%) and certain cancer(7-14%) burdens are attributable to overweight or obesity. The problem is not only restricted to developed countries but poses a new challenge for developing countries, calling for immediate attention. In developed countries, food patterns like energy-dense food consumption and sedentary lifestyles may contribute to this increasing burden of obesity. While in developing countries like India, there is a transition from traditional food patterns to more westernised food which includes highly-saturated fats, sugar, and refined food. Apart from this, reduced levels of physical activity, better transport facilities, better healthcare, and increased stress, particularly in the rapidly-growing urban populations, are all critical factors leading to an increased burden of obesity in India. According to the National Nutritional Monitoring Bureau (NNMB) report (2012), the prevalence of overweight/obesity was significantly higher in those with high consumption levels of milk and milk products, fats and oils, sugar, and salt. India has more than 30 million obese people, which is increasing alarmingly. The problem is more acute among women than men. In India, the proportion of overweight or obese women is 24%, one percent higher than that of men (23%).
{"title":"Rising Trends of Overweight and Obesity among Women in India","authors":"V. Saxena","doi":"10.51957/healthline_390_2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51957/healthline_390_2022","url":null,"abstract":"Overweight and obesity have reached epidemic proportions globally, with a world- wide prevalence of around 39%. It is the fifth leading cause of death, resulting in about 2.8 million deaths of adults globally every year. Diabetes (44%), Ischaemic heart disease (23%) and certain cancer(7-14%) burdens are attributable to overweight or obesity. The problem is not only restricted to developed countries but poses a new challenge for developing countries, calling for immediate attention. In developed countries, food patterns like energy-dense food consumption and sedentary lifestyles may contribute to this increasing burden of obesity. While in developing countries like India, there is a transition from traditional food patterns to more westernised food which includes highly-saturated fats, sugar, and refined food. Apart from this, reduced levels of physical activity, better transport facilities, better healthcare, and increased stress, particularly in the rapidly-growing urban populations, are all critical factors leading to an increased burden of obesity in India. According to the National Nutritional Monitoring Bureau (NNMB) report (2012), the prevalence of overweight/obesity was significantly higher in those with high consumption levels of milk and milk products, fats and oils, sugar, and salt. India has more than 30 million obese people, which is increasing alarmingly. The problem is more acute among women than men. In India, the proportion of overweight or obese women is 24%, one percent higher than that of men (23%).","PeriodicalId":33836,"journal":{"name":"Healthline","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44717296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.51957/healthline_357_2022
G. Dharmalingam, Megala M, Prarthana S
Introduction : Menstruation is still surrounded by many myths, misconceptions and taboos. Adolescent girls in India, seems to have inadequate and inaccurate knowledge on menstruation and its hygiene. Improper menstrual hygiene can lead to reproductive tract infections which can adversely affect a woman's reproductive health. This study was aimed at assessing the effectiveness of health education in improving the knowledge on menstruation and menstrual hygiene practice among rural adolescent girls of India. Method:An interventional study was done among 82 college girls selected by convenient sampling in a rural area of Tamilnadu, India. Intervention done was health education on menstrual physiology and hygiene practice using animated video and interactive session in local language. Questionnaire on knowledge about menstruation and menstrual hygiene practice was administered to the participants before health education session. Improvement in knowledge and practice was assessed after one month of the session. Results: Baseline knowledge about menstruation was adequate only for 57.5 percent of participants. Baseline menstrual hygiene practice was good only among 8.8 percent of participants. Following health education, knowledge about menstruation significantly improved to 90%. Menstrual hygiene practice also showed a significant improvement from 8.8% to 30 percent%. Conclusion: This study showed that providing a comprehensive health education on menstrual physiology and hygiene would greatly improve the menstrual hygiene practice of adolescent girls.
{"title":"Effectiveness of Health Education in Improving Menstrual Hygiene Knowledge and Practices among Adolescent Girls of Rural India","authors":"G. Dharmalingam, Megala M, Prarthana S","doi":"10.51957/healthline_357_2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51957/healthline_357_2022","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction : Menstruation is still surrounded by many myths, misconceptions and taboos. Adolescent girls in India, seems to have inadequate and inaccurate knowledge on menstruation and its hygiene. Improper menstrual hygiene can lead to reproductive tract infections which can adversely affect a woman's reproductive health. This study was aimed at assessing the effectiveness of health education in improving the knowledge on menstruation and menstrual hygiene practice among rural adolescent girls of India. Method:An interventional study was done among 82 college girls selected by convenient sampling in a rural area of Tamilnadu, India. Intervention done was health education on menstrual physiology and hygiene practice using animated video and interactive session in local language. Questionnaire on knowledge about menstruation and menstrual hygiene practice was administered to the participants before health education session. Improvement in knowledge and practice was assessed after one month of the session. Results: Baseline knowledge about menstruation was adequate only for 57.5 percent of participants. Baseline menstrual hygiene practice was good only among 8.8 percent of participants. Following health education, knowledge about menstruation significantly improved to 90%. Menstrual hygiene practice also showed a significant improvement from 8.8% to 30 percent%. Conclusion: This study showed that providing a comprehensive health education on menstrual physiology and hygiene would greatly improve the menstrual hygiene practice of adolescent girls.","PeriodicalId":33836,"journal":{"name":"Healthline","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46804473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.51957/healthline_337_2022
B. Rani, Mahavir Singh, S. K. Jha, A. Punia, Sanjeet Singh
Introduction : Rabies is a fatal but vaccine-preventable viral disease. Animal bite victims who report in primary and secondary level health care lack some measures which can help in protecting and preventing deaths due to rabies. The most important factor for prevention of death due to rabies is the timely administration of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) among animal bite victims. Therefore, in addition to an understanding of the epidemiological distribution of animal bites, it is necessary to explore the factors leading to delay in PEP initiation. Objective: To determine the determinants of delay in initiation of post exposure prophylaxis for rabies prevention among animal bite cases attending anti-rabies clinic of a ruraltertiary care hospital in Sonepat, Haryana. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted at an Immunization-cum-antirabies clinic of Bhagat Phool Singh Government Medical Collegefor Women, Khanpur Kalan, Sonepat, Haryana. A pre tested, structured questionnaire was used to collect information among 410 participants after taking consent. The Institutional Ethics Committee of institute approved the study. The groups were compared with Chi-square test for categorical data. Results: Delay was present among 27.3% of participants. Significant factors of delay were no local wound treatment, any treatment taken prior to anti-rabies vaccine administration, rabies clinic closed on holidays, unawareness about PEP, non-availability of accompaniment, transportation issues and money problem for transportation. Knowledge also played significant role as delay was significantly more among the participants not having knowledge regarding source of infection, mode of transmission and incubation period of rabies. Conclusions: Delay ininitiation of PEP was common and were significantly associated with lack of knowledge and unawareness, closure of rabies clinic on Sundays/holidays, non-availability of accompaniment and money problem during transportation.
引言：狂犬病是一种致命但可通过疫苗预防的病毒性疾病。在初级和中级卫生保健中报告的动物咬伤受害者缺乏一些有助于保护和预防狂犬病死亡的措施。预防狂犬病死亡的最重要因素是在动物咬伤受害者中及时进行暴露后预防（PEP）。因此，除了了解动物咬伤的流行病学分布外，有必要探讨导致PEP启动延迟的因素。目的：在哈里亚纳邦Sonepat一家农村三级护理医院的抗狂犬病诊所就诊的动物咬伤病例中，确定暴露后预防狂犬病开始延迟的决定因素。方法：这项横断面研究在哈里亚纳邦Sonepat Khanpur Kalan Bhagat Phool Singh政府妇女医学院的免疫和抗狂犬病诊所进行。采用预先测试的结构化问卷在410名参与者同意后收集信息。研究所的机构伦理委员会批准了这项研究。将各组的分类数据与卡方检验进行比较。结果：27.3%的参与者存在延迟。延误的主要因素是没有进行局部伤口治疗，在接种抗狂犬病疫苗之前进行了任何治疗，狂犬病诊所在节假日关闭，对PEP不了解，没有陪同人员，运输问题和运输资金问题。知识也发挥了重要作用，因为在不了解狂犬病感染源、传播方式和潜伏期的参与者中，延迟明显更多。结论：延迟启动PEP是常见的，与缺乏知识和意识、狂犬病诊所在周日/节假日关闭、没有陪同以及运输过程中的金钱问题显著相关。
{"title":"Determinants of delay in initiation of post exposure prophylaxis for rabies prevention among animal bite cases attending a rural tertiary care hospital of Haryana","authors":"B. Rani, Mahavir Singh, S. K. Jha, A. Punia, Sanjeet Singh","doi":"10.51957/healthline_337_2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51957/healthline_337_2022","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction : Rabies is a fatal but vaccine-preventable viral disease. Animal bite victims who report in primary and secondary level health care lack some measures which can help in protecting and preventing deaths due to rabies. The most important factor for prevention of death due to rabies is the timely administration of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) among animal bite victims. Therefore, in addition to an understanding of the epidemiological distribution of animal bites, it is necessary to explore the factors leading to delay in PEP initiation. Objective: To determine the determinants of delay in initiation of post exposure prophylaxis for rabies prevention among animal bite cases attending anti-rabies clinic of a ruraltertiary care hospital in Sonepat, Haryana. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted at an Immunization-cum-antirabies clinic of Bhagat Phool Singh Government Medical Collegefor Women, Khanpur Kalan, Sonepat, Haryana. A pre tested, structured questionnaire was used to collect information among 410 participants after taking consent. The Institutional Ethics Committee of institute approved the study. The groups were compared with Chi-square test for categorical data. Results: Delay was present among 27.3% of participants. Significant factors of delay were no local wound treatment, any treatment taken prior to anti-rabies vaccine administration, rabies clinic closed on holidays, unawareness about PEP, non-availability of accompaniment, transportation issues and money problem for transportation. Knowledge also played significant role as delay was significantly more among the participants not having knowledge regarding source of infection, mode of transmission and incubation period of rabies. Conclusions: Delay ininitiation of PEP was common and were significantly associated with lack of knowledge and unawareness, closure of rabies clinic on Sundays/holidays, non-availability of accompaniment and money problem during transportation.","PeriodicalId":33836,"journal":{"name":"Healthline","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48528175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.51957/healthline_365_2022
Nirali Seth, A. Laskar, S. Rasania, K. Yadav
Introduction: Depression, anxiety, and stress among medical undergraduate students are often underrecognized and undertreated. Prolonged online classes in the backdrop of COVID-19 pandemic have resulted in tremendous psychological stress among students. Objective: To assess the prevalence of stress, anxiety and depression among medical students during the COVID pandemic and the associated factors. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate students in a medical college in Delhi. A self-administrated questionnaire, containing general information (on-screen time, death or hospitalization in family due to COVID) and the DASS-21 version, was circulated to students enrolled before 2020. Data collected was tabulated in Microsoft Excel and analysed using SPSS version 23. Results: Out of 550 students, 345 (62.7%) participated in the study, of which 341 gave consent. High frequencies of depression 214 (62.8%), anxiety 199 (58.3%) and stress 150 (43.7%) were reported. Significant association was found between the determinants like hectic online classes and curbs on travelling and socializing. Conclusion: The high burden of depression, anxiety and stress detected among the students is a pointer towards a negative impact of online classes that can negatively impact academic performance, professionalism and empathy towards patients.
医学本科学生的抑郁、焦虑和压力往往未被充分认识和治疗。新型冠状病毒感染症(COVID-19)疫情背景下，网络授课时间延长，给学生带来了巨大的心理压力。目的:了解新冠肺炎疫情期间医学生压力、焦虑、抑郁状况及其影响因素。方法:采用横断面研究方法，对德里某医学院本科生进行调查。一份包含一般信息(屏幕上的时间、因COVID而死亡或住院的家庭)的自我管理问卷和DASS-21版本分发给2020年之前入学的学生。收集的数据在Microsoft Excel中制表，并使用SPSS version 23进行分析。结果:在550名学生中，345人(62.7%)参与了研究，其中341人表示同意。抑郁214例(62.8%)，焦虑199例(58.3%)，压力150例(43.7%)。在繁忙的在线课程和限制旅行和社交等决定因素之间发现了显著的关联。结论:学生的抑郁、焦虑和压力负担较高，表明网络课程对学生的学习成绩、专业精神和对患者的同理心有负面影响。
{"title":"Depression, Anxiety and Stress among Undergraduate Medical Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Nirali Seth, A. Laskar, S. Rasania, K. Yadav","doi":"10.51957/healthline_365_2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51957/healthline_365_2022","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Depression, anxiety, and stress among medical undergraduate students are often underrecognized and undertreated. Prolonged online classes in the backdrop of COVID-19 pandemic have resulted in tremendous psychological stress among students. Objective: To assess the prevalence of stress, anxiety and depression among medical students during the COVID pandemic and the associated factors. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate students in a medical college in Delhi. A self-administrated questionnaire, containing general information (on-screen time, death or hospitalization in family due to COVID) and the DASS-21 version, was circulated to students enrolled before 2020. Data collected was tabulated in Microsoft Excel and analysed using SPSS version 23. Results: Out of 550 students, 345 (62.7%) participated in the study, of which 341 gave consent. High frequencies of depression 214 (62.8%), anxiety 199 (58.3%) and stress 150 (43.7%) were reported. Significant association was found between the determinants like hectic online classes and curbs on travelling and socializing. Conclusion: The high burden of depression, anxiety and stress detected among the students is a pointer towards a negative impact of online classes that can negatively impact academic performance, professionalism and empathy towards patients.","PeriodicalId":33836,"journal":{"name":"Healthline","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70624249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.51957/healthline_345_2022
A. J. Austoria, M. Aazmi, A. R. Glannie, Liji Varghese, Bismi Mohamed Ismail, Arun Pinchu Xavier
Introduction : Diabetic foot has got a high prevalence of 52% among diabetics. The duration of hospital stay and physical disability are likely to cause depression and affects overall quality of life. So it is important for general population, to know about Self Care activities which include foot care practice to avert long term complications and improve quality of life which is likely to be effective in reducing the burden of diabetic foot ulcer. Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practice about foot care among Type 2 DM patients in a Tertiary health care center, Tamil Nadu. Method: A cross-sectional study was done during August and September 2021 among diabetic patients after obtaining consent at a Tertiary Hospital in southern district of Tamil Nadu. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 47.56 ± 9.718 years with 55.9% being male and 44.1% female and the majority (65.6%)of subjects was residing in rural areas. Among the participants, 103 (92.8%) were found to have good attitude towards self-care activities whereas69 (62.2%) respondents practiced proper footcare. Age, gender and education were found to have significant association with the practice of proper foot care. Female gender was found to be an independent predictor for practice of adequate foot care. Conclusion: Regardless of good attitude towards diabetic foot care there is considerable resistance in practising it.
{"title":"Attitude and Practice on Foot Care among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Centre in Southern Part of Tamilnadu, India","authors":"A. J. Austoria, M. Aazmi, A. R. Glannie, Liji Varghese, Bismi Mohamed Ismail, Arun Pinchu Xavier","doi":"10.51957/healthline_345_2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51957/healthline_345_2022","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction : Diabetic foot has got a high prevalence of 52% among diabetics. The duration of hospital stay and physical disability are likely to cause depression and affects overall quality of life. So it is important for general population, to know about Self Care activities which include foot care practice to avert long term complications and improve quality of life which is likely to be effective in reducing the burden of diabetic foot ulcer. Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practice about foot care among Type 2 DM patients in a Tertiary health care center, Tamil Nadu. Method: A cross-sectional study was done during August and September 2021 among diabetic patients after obtaining consent at a Tertiary Hospital in southern district of Tamil Nadu. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 47.56 ± 9.718 years with 55.9% being male and 44.1% female and the majority (65.6%)of subjects was residing in rural areas. Among the participants, 103 (92.8%) were found to have good attitude towards self-care activities whereas69 (62.2%) respondents practiced proper footcare. Age, gender and education were found to have significant association with the practice of proper foot care. Female gender was found to be an independent predictor for practice of adequate foot care. Conclusion: Regardless of good attitude towards diabetic foot care there is considerable resistance in practising it.","PeriodicalId":33836,"journal":{"name":"Healthline","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42202218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.51957/healthline_356_2022
Zainab S Dohadwala, Reema M Raval, Kintu Shah, Jineel Bhatt, Kinjal G. Patel
Introduction : Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible visual loss in world and also in India. Because of the relatively asymptomatic initial phase of the disease, it is often detected by chance and is frequently associated with extensive and irreversible damage at the time of diagnosis. Objectives:To screen for Glaucoma among patients eligible as per inclusion criteria, to classify the glaucoma cases according to clinical presentation and to correlate the occurrence of glaucoma with different variables. Method: The present study was conducted at one of the tertiary care hospitals of Ahmedabad city during celebration of “World Glaucoma Week - 2021”. Total 1421 patients were offered opportunistic screening after oral informed consent during 6-12 March 2021, who attended the institute. After applying exclusion criteria, 945 were found eligible who underwent a comprehensive ophthalmic examination like visual acuity, intraocular pressure measurement, gonioscopy, optical disc and visual filed examinations were carried out as per standard protocols. Sociodemographic details, any relevant ophthalmic history pertaining to glaucoma and systemic illnesses were also assessed. The data were entered and analyzed in MS excel. Results: The incidence of newly diagnosed cases of glaucoma among opportunistic screened cohort was 36.71% (n=347). Of total newly diagnosed, the presentation as per clinical classification was as follows: Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) - 202 (58.21%), Primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) - 77 (22.19%), Primary angle closure suspect (PACS) – 41 (11.82%), Ocular hypertension (OHT) – 6 (1.73%), Normal tension glaucoma (NTG) – 10 (2.88%), Secondary glaucoma – 9 (7.09%) and Congenital glaucoma – 2 (0.58%). In yield, 25 (19.68%) were ≤40 years and 36 (28.35%) had positive family history of glaucoma. Conclusion: Presence of stand-alone Diabetes and Hypertension or presence of both accompanying – all three conditions were found to be statistically significant determinant for occurrence of particular variety of Glaucoma. There was highly significant statistical association between cup-disc ratio level at the time of presentation and clinical variety of glaucoma.
{"title":"A Study on Screening of Glaucoma among Patients Attending Tertiary Eye Care Hospital at One of the Cities of Western India","authors":"Zainab S Dohadwala, Reema M Raval, Kintu Shah, Jineel Bhatt, Kinjal G. Patel","doi":"10.51957/healthline_356_2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51957/healthline_356_2022","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction : Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible visual loss in world and also in India. Because of the relatively asymptomatic initial phase of the disease, it is often detected by chance and is frequently associated with extensive and irreversible damage at the time of diagnosis. Objectives:To screen for Glaucoma among patients eligible as per inclusion criteria, to classify the glaucoma cases according to clinical presentation and to correlate the occurrence of glaucoma with different variables. Method: The present study was conducted at one of the tertiary care hospitals of Ahmedabad city during celebration of “World Glaucoma Week - 2021”. Total 1421 patients were offered opportunistic screening after oral informed consent during 6-12 March 2021, who attended the institute. After applying exclusion criteria, 945 were found eligible who underwent a comprehensive ophthalmic examination like visual acuity, intraocular pressure measurement, gonioscopy, optical disc and visual filed examinations were carried out as per standard protocols. Sociodemographic details, any relevant ophthalmic history pertaining to glaucoma and systemic illnesses were also assessed. The data were entered and analyzed in MS excel. Results: The incidence of newly diagnosed cases of glaucoma among opportunistic screened cohort was 36.71% (n=347). Of total newly diagnosed, the presentation as per clinical classification was as follows: Primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) - 202 (58.21%), Primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) - 77 (22.19%), Primary angle closure suspect (PACS) – 41 (11.82%), Ocular hypertension (OHT) – 6 (1.73%), Normal tension glaucoma (NTG) – 10 (2.88%), Secondary glaucoma – 9 (7.09%) and Congenital glaucoma – 2 (0.58%). In yield, 25 (19.68%) were ≤40 years and 36 (28.35%) had positive family history of glaucoma. Conclusion: Presence of stand-alone Diabetes and Hypertension or presence of both accompanying – all three conditions were found to be statistically significant determinant for occurrence of particular variety of Glaucoma. There was highly significant statistical association between cup-disc ratio level at the time of presentation and clinical variety of glaucoma.","PeriodicalId":33836,"journal":{"name":"Healthline","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42170177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.51957/healthline_286_2021
S. Mishra, A. Panigrahi, S. Pradhan, D. Panda, Gitarani Choubey
Introduction: COVID 19 caused by SARS coronavirus two has halted life across the globe since its emergence in December 2019. Most of the infected persons are asymptomatic or have mild symptoms. Serosurvey is vital for the estimation of the burden of infection. In this context, our study objective is to estimate the Seroprevalence of SARS CoV 2 IgG among the first-year medical students after the first wave in February 2021.Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the first-year medical students of Veer Surendra Sai Institute of Medical Sciences And Research. All the students were enrolled, and their data & serum sample was collected. Serum samples were tested for the presence of Anti-Spike IgG. Data were analyzed by using appropriate statistical tests.Results: The Seroprevalence of anti-SARS CoV 2 IgG was estimated to be 38.8 %. Most (82 %) of the students used the mask per recommendation. Use of mask, BMI, Contact history with COVID 19 patient, attending social gathering & previous COVID 19 were associated with Seropositivity. Regular mask use, BMI, and Previous COVID 19 were significant predictors for Seropositivity. Conclusion: The Seroprevalence of SARS Cov 2 after the first wave of the pandemic is less than 40 %. It calls for the proper implementation of a vaccination program with strict vigilance and surveillance to stop subsequent waves.
{"title":"Seroprevalence of SARS Cov 2 Immunoglobulin among First Year Medical Students in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Odisha","authors":"S. Mishra, A. Panigrahi, S. Pradhan, D. Panda, Gitarani Choubey","doi":"10.51957/healthline_286_2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51957/healthline_286_2021","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: COVID 19 caused by SARS coronavirus two has halted life across the globe since its emergence in December 2019. Most of the infected persons are asymptomatic or have mild symptoms. Serosurvey is vital for the estimation of the burden of infection. In this context, our study objective is to estimate the Seroprevalence of SARS CoV 2 IgG among the first-year medical students after the first wave in February 2021.Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the first-year medical students of Veer Surendra Sai Institute of Medical Sciences And Research. All the students were enrolled, and their data & serum sample was collected. Serum samples were tested for the presence of Anti-Spike IgG. Data were analyzed by using appropriate statistical tests.Results: The Seroprevalence of anti-SARS CoV 2 IgG was estimated to be 38.8 %. Most (82 %) of the students used the mask per recommendation. Use of mask, BMI, Contact history with COVID 19 patient, attending social gathering & previous COVID 19 were associated with Seropositivity. Regular mask use, BMI, and Previous COVID 19 were significant predictors for Seropositivity. Conclusion: The Seroprevalence of SARS Cov 2 after the first wave of the pandemic is less than 40 %. It calls for the proper implementation of a vaccination program with strict vigilance and surveillance to stop subsequent waves.","PeriodicalId":33836,"journal":{"name":"Healthline","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42097687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.51957/healthline_293_2021
Priya Panicker, K. Sivakarthik
Introduction: End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) has increased in prevalence worldwide, becoming a major public health problem. About 80% of ESRD patients have subjective complaints of poor sleep.Poor sleep quality can potentially affect their quality of life and the pattern of medication use. Hence this study was designed to evaluate the quality of sleep in patients undergoing haemodialysis and to determine associated risk factors. Method: This cross sectional study was carried out among 110 ESRD patients in the dialysis unit of Kanyakumari hospital. Patients previously diagnosed with neuropsychiatric disorders, sleep apnoea or epilepsy were excluded. An investigator-administered structured questionnaire was used. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index. A global PSQI score of more than 5 indicates poor sleep quality. Results: Mean age of ESRD patients was 52.7 years. About 71% of the patients were males. Majority of the patients (68.2%) had pre-existing Diabetes and Hypertension. Almost all of the patients (97.3%) had a PSQI score of more than 5 and were ‘poor sleepers’. About 94.7% patients had not used sleep medications at all. Increasing age and multiple morbidity were found to be statistically significant risk factors of poor sleep quality. Conclusion: Almost all of our subjects had poor sleep quality sleep and only few of them sought treatment for the same. Early detection of poor sleep quality will help in better management of sleep disorders among ESRD patients.
{"title":"Sleep Quality in End Stage Renal Disease Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis in a Tertiary Care Center in Rural Kanyakumari","authors":"Priya Panicker, K. Sivakarthik","doi":"10.51957/healthline_293_2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51957/healthline_293_2021","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) has increased in prevalence worldwide, becoming a major public health problem. About 80% of ESRD patients have subjective complaints of poor sleep.Poor sleep quality can potentially affect their quality of life and the pattern of medication use. Hence this study was designed to evaluate the quality of sleep in patients undergoing haemodialysis and to determine associated risk factors. Method: This cross sectional study was carried out among 110 ESRD patients in the dialysis unit of Kanyakumari hospital. Patients previously diagnosed with neuropsychiatric disorders, sleep apnoea or epilepsy were excluded. An investigator-administered structured questionnaire was used. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index. A global PSQI score of more than 5 indicates poor sleep quality. Results: Mean age of ESRD patients was 52.7 years. About 71% of the patients were males. Majority of the patients (68.2%) had pre-existing Diabetes and Hypertension. Almost all of the patients (97.3%) had a PSQI score of more than 5 and were ‘poor sleepers’. About 94.7% patients had not used sleep medications at all. Increasing age and multiple morbidity were found to be statistically significant risk factors of poor sleep quality. Conclusion: Almost all of our subjects had poor sleep quality sleep and only few of them sought treatment for the same. Early detection of poor sleep quality will help in better management of sleep disorders among ESRD patients.","PeriodicalId":33836,"journal":{"name":"Healthline","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41294606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.51957/healthline_319_2021
M. Bhat, Kafeel Khan, Uzznain Khan, Isbha Nazir
Introduction: The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is reported to be high throughout the world. Overt Vitamin D deficiency manifests as rickets, birth defects and fractures in children. In adults, its manifestations include osteoporosis, osteomalacia, osteoarthritis, chronic muscular pain, increased risk of fractures, several endocrine, cardiovascular, immunological and neurologic disorders, some types of cancers, and depression. Objectives: To assess the Vitamin D status in general population of Kashmir valley by measuring serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25 (OH) D] levels. Method: 270 healthy volunteers from differing professions (69 men and 201 non-pregnant/non-lactating women, aged 18–65 years), residing in Kashmir valley were selected for this study. The samples were collected in both summer and winter months. Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency was defined as a Serum 25 (OH) D concentration of < 30 ng/ml. Results: 222 (82.2%) of the subjects studied had Vitamin D deficiency. 45 of the 69 males and 177 of the 201 females were found to be Vitamin D deficient. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency ranged from 58 % in the farmers group to 93% in the employee group. Vitamin D deficient subjects had a significantly lower mean weekly exposure to sunlight. Conclusion: The prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency in Kashmir valley is high especially among women. Serum 25(OH) D concentrations are significantly related to sun exposure.
{"title":"Assessment of Vitamin D Status in General Population of Kashmir Valley of Indian Subcontinent","authors":"M. Bhat, Kafeel Khan, Uzznain Khan, Isbha Nazir","doi":"10.51957/healthline_319_2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51957/healthline_319_2021","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is reported to be high throughout the world. Overt Vitamin D deficiency manifests as rickets, birth defects and fractures in children. In adults, its manifestations include osteoporosis, osteomalacia, osteoarthritis, chronic muscular pain, increased risk of fractures, several endocrine, cardiovascular, immunological and neurologic disorders, some types of cancers, and depression. Objectives: To assess the Vitamin D status in general population of Kashmir valley by measuring serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25 (OH) D] levels. Method: 270 healthy volunteers from differing professions (69 men and 201 non-pregnant/non-lactating women, aged 18–65 years), residing in Kashmir valley were selected for this study. The samples were collected in both summer and winter months. Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency was defined as a Serum 25 (OH) D concentration of < 30 ng/ml. Results: 222 (82.2%) of the subjects studied had Vitamin D deficiency. 45 of the 69 males and 177 of the 201 females were found to be Vitamin D deficient. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency ranged from 58 % in the farmers group to 93% in the employee group. Vitamin D deficient subjects had a significantly lower mean weekly exposure to sunlight. Conclusion: The prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency in Kashmir valley is high especially among women. Serum 25(OH) D concentrations are significantly related to sun exposure.","PeriodicalId":33836,"journal":{"name":"Healthline","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46589456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.51957/healthline_307_2021
V. M. C., Pretty Venis, Glannie A R, Liji Varghese
Introduction: The 2019 Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has been a serious global threat with numerous researchesindicatingthat frontline healthcare personnelinvolved in its management and diagnosis are at risk of experiencing psychologicaldisturbances and deteriorating mental health. By definition, “burnout is a syndrome conceptualized as resulting from chronic workplace stress that has not been successfully managed”. Burnout has been associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of burnout syndrome and to determine the associated factors among healthcare providers in rural Tamilnadu during the COVID-19 pandemic.Method: A cross-sectional study was done among 120 healthcare providers from SreeMookambika Institute of Medical Sciences, Tamil Nadu during July 2021. Participants selected by convenient sampling technique were given pre-tested Maslach Burnout Inventory- Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) questionnaire. Data were entered in MS Excel 2019 and analysis was done in SPSS v26.0. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests were applied.Results: Mean age of the participantswas 25.48±4.66 years.Among them, 46(38.3%) reported emotional exhaustion, 42(35%) depersonalization and 87(72.5%) reported a lower sense of personal accomplishment. The years of professional experience and the number of working hours per day were associated with emotional exhaustion and depersonalization (p<0.05). The different professional categories showed a significant association with Emotional Exhaustion (χ2=20.888,df=6, p=0.002) and Depersonalization(χ2=23.055,df=6. p=0.001) with high Burnout among doctors and nurses. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of addressing burnout among healthcare personnel. The issues should be prioritized by authorities to develop appropriate interventions.
{"title":"Burnout Syndrome among Healthcare Providers during Covid-19 Pandemic in Rural Tamil Nadu, South India","authors":"V. M. C., Pretty Venis, Glannie A R, Liji Varghese","doi":"10.51957/healthline_307_2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51957/healthline_307_2021","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The 2019 Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has been a serious global threat with numerous researchesindicatingthat frontline healthcare personnelinvolved in its management and diagnosis are at risk of experiencing psychologicaldisturbances and deteriorating mental health. By definition, “burnout is a syndrome conceptualized as resulting from chronic workplace stress that has not been successfully managed”. Burnout has been associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of burnout syndrome and to determine the associated factors among healthcare providers in rural Tamilnadu during the COVID-19 pandemic.Method: A cross-sectional study was done among 120 healthcare providers from SreeMookambika Institute of Medical Sciences, Tamil Nadu during July 2021. Participants selected by convenient sampling technique were given pre-tested Maslach Burnout Inventory- Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) questionnaire. Data were entered in MS Excel 2019 and analysis was done in SPSS v26.0. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests were applied.Results: Mean age of the participantswas 25.48±4.66 years.Among them, 46(38.3%) reported emotional exhaustion, 42(35%) depersonalization and 87(72.5%) reported a lower sense of personal accomplishment. The years of professional experience and the number of working hours per day were associated with emotional exhaustion and depersonalization (p<0.05). The different professional categories showed a significant association with Emotional Exhaustion (χ2=20.888,df=6, p=0.002) and Depersonalization(χ2=23.055,df=6. p=0.001) with high Burnout among doctors and nurses. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of addressing burnout among healthcare personnel. The issues should be prioritized by authorities to develop appropriate interventions.","PeriodicalId":33836,"journal":{"name":"Healthline","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49391493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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