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Detection and Analysis of Digital Display Board Energy Consumption using IoT and Machine Learning Techniques 利用物联网和机器学习技术检测和分析数字显示板的能耗
Pub Date : 2022-12-10 DOI: 10.1109/STCR55312.2022.10009610
R. Ramesh, A. Bazila Banu
Nowadays Digital Display Boards (DDB) are used to post information in a variety of locations, including public spaces, hospitals, general stores, institutions, and colleges. Earlier, for displaying large data, the message needs to be changed for every instance. As of now digital displays are more preferred to static and attract the attention of viewers. The microcontroller present in the DDB write the information to the showing device. DDBs are connecting to the controller to continually scroll the message on the screen. The research article proposes the DDB system in office environments. The proposed system is fully designed and analyzed by IoT and Machine learning Techniques. The device will identify the DDB usage rate and reduce the wastage of DDB energy in unoccupied places and also forecasting future energy usage requirement. The proposed work applies a prediction system to detect and analyze the one Month energy consumption of DDB in the office environment and evaluates the existing model with the ARIMA algorithm for generating time-series based prediction models. To find out the precision of the proposed system, DDB along with sensor devices were installed in the office environment, which consist of current sensors, microcontrollers with cloud database connectivity. The set of data has been obtained from the database being utilized to evaluate and test the proposed models. according to the results of the prediction and analysis proposed DDB outperformed the ARIMA Model, with good accuracy. Based on the proposed method, the predicted accuracy value is 97.8% and R-squared for the model is 0.89. The Proposed DDB Energy Consumption system helps to monitor and detect the energy usage in office environments.
如今,数字显示板(DDB)被用于在各种场所张贴信息,包括公共场所、医院、杂货店、机构和大学。之前,为了显示大数据,需要为每个实例更改消息。到目前为止,数字显示器比静态显示器更受欢迎,可以吸引观众的注意力。DDB中的微控制器将信息写入显示设备。ddb连接到控制器以不断滚动屏幕上的消息。本文提出了办公环境下的DDB系统。提出的系统是由物联网和机器学习技术完全设计和分析的。该装置将识别DDB使用率,减少DDB能源在无人使用的地方的浪费,并预测未来的能源使用需求。本文应用预测系统对办公环境中DDB一个月的能耗进行检测和分析,并利用ARIMA算法对现有模型进行评估,生成基于时间序列的预测模型。为了确定所提出系统的精度,在办公环境中安装了DDB和传感器设备,其中包括电流传感器,具有云数据库连接的微控制器。这组数据是从数据库中获得的,用于评估和测试所提出的模型。根据预测分析结果,本文提出的DDB模型优于ARIMA模型,具有较好的精度。基于该方法,模型的预测精度为97.8%,r平方为0.89。拟议的DDB能源消耗系统有助监察和侦测办公室环境的能源使用情况。
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引用次数: 0
Intelligent Irrigation System with Monitoring and Control of Natural Parameter using IOT 利用物联网监测和控制自然参数的智能灌溉系统
Pub Date : 2022-12-10 DOI: 10.1109/STCR55312.2022.10009238
P. R, Vairavel K S, K. S, S. S, S. S
The goal of the solar powered drip irrigation technique is to lessen the quantity of water used in farming. The suggested module makes use of a microprocessor and other sensors, including those for monitoring soil moisture and temperature in root system belts and ultrasonic waves in the tank’s ceiling. The on-off cycling of the pump keeps the water level in the tank constant. The solenoid valve is then used to control the humidity and temperature. The user may monitor the farm in real time from any location thanks to a Wi-Fi module connected to the control unit that interprets sensor data, activates actuators, and broadcasts data over the internet. The volume of water provided to the region for irrigation and the pump to fill the tank are both governed by code programmed into the central controller, with the code being designed based on soil moisture, humidity, and temperature readings. The entire structure is run on clean, solar energy. Connected through wires are the sensor unit, actuator unit, and central control unit; the control unit then talks to the app via a wireless connection. This study’s principal objective is to lessen the need for the farmer to use his or her own two hands, hence reducing labour costs and maximising efficiency.
太阳能滴灌技术的目标是减少农业用水。建议的模块使用微处理器和其他传感器,包括用于监测根系带的土壤湿度和温度以及水箱天花板的超声波。泵的开关循环使水箱内的水位保持恒定。然后通过电磁阀控制湿度和温度。由于连接到控制单元的Wi-Fi模块可以解释传感器数据,激活执行器,并通过互联网广播数据,用户可以从任何位置实时监控农场。提供给该地区用于灌溉的水量和填充水箱的泵都由编程到中央控制器的代码控制,代码是根据土壤湿度、湿度和温度读数设计的。整个建筑由清洁的太阳能驱动。传感器单元、执行器单元、中央控制单元通过导线连接;然后,控制单元通过无线连接与应用程序对话。这项研究的主要目标是减少农民使用双手的需要,从而降低劳动力成本并最大限度地提高效率。
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引用次数: 0
Performance Analysis of Interference Cancellation and Traffic Scheduling Algorithm (ICTSA) with Mobility Management in 5G Emergency Networks 5G应急网络中具有移动性管理的干扰消除与流量调度算法(ICTSA)性能分析
Pub Date : 2022-12-10 DOI: 10.1109/STCR55312.2022.10009393
V. Kiruthika, N. Sathish Kumar, SP Vimal
During disaster or emergency condition wireless communication serves a main role in saving the victims. The rescuers can safeguard the life of victims through the data provided by wireless communication. The main backdrops in the current communication are low bandwidth, limited battery life, lack of security and high latency. The rescuers and the victims cannot effectively communicate with each other during these crisis situations. The responsiveness during emergencies should be improved and the patients should immediately be taken care. The cognitive radio network integrated with 5G technology paves effective communication between the rescuers and the victims. The proposed Interference Cancellation with Traffic Scheduling Algorithm(ICTSA) cancels the interference and provides efficient traffic scheduling during emergencies. The performance factors investigates are Duration,Delay, Energy Efficiency, Speed and Throughput. From the experimental investigation it is inferred that the proposed algorithm improves throughput and decreases delay resulting in efficient communication between the rescuers and the victims. Thus the model is much suitable for emergency networks or preferred during disasters.
在灾害或紧急情况下,无线通信在拯救受害者方面起着重要作用。救援人员可以通过无线通信提供的数据来保障受害者的生命安全。当前通信的主要背景是低带宽、有限的电池寿命、缺乏安全性和高延迟。在这些危机情况下,救援人员和受害者无法有效地相互沟通。应提高对突发事件的反应能力,并立即对患者进行护理。与5G技术相结合的认知无线网络为救援人员和受害者之间的有效沟通铺平了道路。提出的干扰消除与交通调度算法(ICTSA)消除了突发事件时的交通干扰,提供了有效的交通调度。研究的性能因素包括持续时间、延迟、能源效率、速度和吞吐量。实验结果表明,该算法提高了吞吐量,降低了时延,使救援人员与受害者之间的通信更加高效。因此,该模型非常适用于应急网络或灾害期间的首选模型。
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引用次数: 0
Performance Enhancement of SoC with Five Port Router by Replacing APB Protocol 替换APB协议提升五端口路由器SoC性能
Pub Date : 2022-12-10 DOI: 10.1109/STCR55312.2022.10009627
H. Dg, T. .V., S. M., S. R, E. S.
A In today's technological development and the advancement in IC technology, a huge number of intellectual property (IP)cores can be consolidated onto a single chip. Due to this, communication between the IP cores becomes more difficult. To overcome the restriction of this communication, we introduce a technology called NETWORK ON CHIP(NoC). This is an on-chip packet-switched network with IP cores connected to the network via interfaces, and the packets are sent to their respective destination to a multi-chip routing path. A router is an essential component for NoC architecture. The design had to be done effectively to build a competitive NoC architecture. In this proposed work router can be designed using Verilog. It has stored a forward type of flow control round robin arbitration and deterministic XY routing. The essential parts for a router are FIFO, arbiter, and crossbar. The plan behind the five-port router is intended to be used with the FPGA design platform to test the functionality of the NoC on hardware. The outline of the router is designed through Verilog and simulated using zynq board 7000 series and verified using system Verilog, and its feasible model is also verified.
在当今的技术发展和集成电路技术的进步中,大量的知识产权(IP)内核可以整合到单个芯片上。因此,IP核之间的通信变得更加困难。为了克服这种通信的限制,我们引入了一种称为网络芯片(NoC)的技术。这是一个片上分组交换网络,IP核通过接口连接到网络,数据包被发送到它们各自的目的地,通过多芯片路由路径。路由器是NoC体系结构的重要组成部分。为了建立一个有竞争力的NoC架构,必须有效地进行设计。在这种情况下,可以使用Verilog来设计工作路由器。它存储了转发型流控制轮询仲裁和确定性XY路由。路由器的基本组成部分是FIFO、仲裁器和crossbar。五端口路由器背后的计划旨在与FPGA设计平台一起使用,以测试硬件上NoC的功能。通过Verilog对路由器的外形进行设计,使用zynq board 7000系列进行仿真,并使用Verilog系统进行验证,验证了路由器的可行性模型。
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引用次数: 0
Performance Analysis of Least Square Linear Regression with Various Classifiers for Cardiovascular Respiratory Detection from Capnography 不同分类器的最小二乘线性回归在心血管呼吸检测中的性能分析
Pub Date : 2022-12-10 DOI: 10.1109/STCR55312.2022.10009354
G. C, G. M., G. P., Priyanka G S, V. B
In this study, the PPG signal was taken from a capnography data source and used along with statistical characteristics and machine learning techniques to diagnose respiratory disorders. After the statistical properties of the data have been extracted using a method called least square linear regression, the signal is then processed by a number of different classification tasks, and the outcomes of the classification algorithm are examined. Results show that the linear regression and nonlinear classifiers gives the best accuracy of 88.11% and 85.73% for both normal and respiratory disease cases.
在这项研究中,PPG信号取自一个毛细管造影数据源,并与统计特征和机器学习技术一起用于诊断呼吸系统疾病。在使用一种称为最小二乘线性回归的方法提取数据的统计特性之后,信号将被许多不同的分类任务处理,并检查分类算法的结果。结果表明,线性回归和非线性分类器对正常病例和呼吸系统疾病的准确率分别为88.11%和85.73%。
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引用次数: 0
Enhancing the Performance of Hybrid Grid Connected System with Bi-Directional Energy Management using FPGA Based Predictive Energy Optimization Algorithm with Data Monitoring 基于FPGA的数据监测预测能量优化算法提高双向能量管理混合并网系统的性能
Pub Date : 2022-12-10 DOI: 10.1109/STCR55312.2022.10009549
S. Jayanthi, V. Vijayakumar, P. Prasanth
The grid connected hybrid system power flow management control is introduced in this system and it is based on the power conversion is used to the bidirectional converters is based on field programmable gate array (FPGA) controller. The proposed FPGA based Predictive Energy Optimization Algorithm (PEOA) technique is used to give the proper switching pulse to the converter is minimize the fault and increase the stability of this grid connected hybrid system. Therefore, the reliability and effectiveness of the system can be enhanced by these control strategies; Power fluctuations are essentially constant. The proposed grid connected hybrid system is analysis with help of the IOT is a process that is utilized to verify data using the Stochastic Linear Data Monitoring (RLDM TM) method, which enables data to be taken from the bus system to the decision-making process required. Through this integrated control strategy, proper power interactions can be achieved in different sub-phases, supporting the power fluctuations and further stability of other sub-phases. The development of a hybrid system proposed by MPPT with a stand-alone DC-DC converter and a voltage-regulated inverter was developed and simulated in the MATLAB environment.
本系统介绍了并网混合系统的潮流管理控制,它是基于功率转换,采用基于现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)控制器的双向变换器。提出了一种基于FPGA的预测能量优化算法(PEOA)技术,用于给变换器提供合适的开关脉冲,以最大限度地减少故障,提高并网混合系统的稳定性。因此,这些控制策略可以提高系统的可靠性和有效性;功率波动基本上是恒定的。拟议的并网混合系统是在物联网的帮助下进行分析,是一个使用随机线性数据监测(RLDM TM)方法验证数据的过程,该方法使数据能够从总线系统获取到所需的决策过程。通过这种综合控制策略,可以在不同的子相之间实现适当的功率交互,支持其他子相的功率波动和进一步稳定。在MATLAB环境下开发并仿真了由MPPT提出的采用独立DC-DC变换器和稳压逆变器的混合系统。
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引用次数: 0
Hybrid Frequency Domain based Feature Extraction methods for Human Face Recognition 基于混合频域的人脸特征提取方法
Pub Date : 2022-12-10 DOI: 10.1109/STCR55312.2022.10009385
M. Abdullah, S. Prakash, Kedir Beshir, Abrha Ftsum Berhe, Yibeltal Petros Abo
With the rising demands of public safety systems, face recognition has gained extra notice for the researchers in recent times. Real-world face recognition systems require cautious balancing of two important concerns: execution Time, recognition rate. The most important methods for feature extraction and classification are Dimension Reduction-Discrete Cosine Transform (DR-DCT), Dimension Reduction-Discrete Fourier Transform (DR-DFT) and Dimension Reduction-Difference of Gaussian (DoG) along with the Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) classifiers. The feature vector of the proposed algorithm is reduced by means of subspace method Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The execution time of the proposed DR-DFT, DR-DoG and DR-DCT algorithms along with ELM classifier is less when compared to the traditional methods such as Hough transform, Radon Transform, Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) and Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) for ORL face database. Similarly, Hybrid methods are proposed by combining DR-DCT &DR-DFT (Hybrid Method 1), DR-DCT & DR-DoG (Hybrid Method 2) and DR-DFT & DR-DoG (Hybrid Method3) along with ELM classifier. Hybrid Method 1 attains 98.50% recognition rate with the feaure size of 60×1 for ORL dataset. It achieves optimal execution time of 0.020 sec.
随着公共安全系统需求的增加,人脸识别近年来受到了研究人员的特别关注。现实世界的人脸识别系统需要谨慎平衡两个重要问题:执行时间,识别率。特征提取和分类最重要的方法是降维-离散余弦变换(DR-DCT)、降维-离散傅立叶变换(DR-DFT)和降维-高斯差分(DoG)以及极限学习机(ELM)分类器。采用子空间主成分分析法(PCA)对算法的特征向量进行约简。与传统的Hough变换、Radon变换、离散傅立叶变换(DFT)和离散余弦变换(DCT)等方法相比,本文提出的DR-DFT、DR-DoG和DR-DCT算法结合ELM分类器对ORL人脸数据库的执行时间更短。同样,将DR-DCT &DR-DFT (Hybrid Method 1)、DR-DCT & DR-DoG (Hybrid Method 2)和DR-DFT & DR-DoG (Hybrid Method3)与ELM分类器相结合,提出了Hybrid方法。混合方法1对ORL数据集的识别率为98.50%,特征大小为60×1。它实现了0.020秒的最佳执行时间。
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引用次数: 0
Logistic Regression Classifier with Hybrid Dimensionality Reduction Techniques for Epilepsy Detection from EEG Signals 基于混合降维技术的逻辑回归分类器在脑电信号癫痫检测中的应用
Pub Date : 2022-12-10 DOI: 10.1109/STCR55312.2022.10009395
H. Rajaguru, G. M., Santhosh B, Senthamil Selvi A
Epilepsy is a fatal disease of the nervous system that affects a big part of the world's population. Electroencephalography (EEG) is the tool that is most often used in clinical settings to measure how the brain works. EEG is often used to diagnose and treat a wide range of health problems, such as mental exhaustion, epileptic seizures, coma, schizophrenia, and sleep problems. The large dimensionality of data is one of the problems with epilepsy detection that is discussed in this work. When attempting to analyze the data, a high dimensionality might be problematic. The primary purpose of lowering the dimensionality of the EEG data is to augment the classification results. In this paper, the dimensionality of the EEG data can be reduced by the use of procedures such as dimensionality reduction and feature selection. For dimensionality reduction, the autoencoder and Hessian LLE method are employed. As a technique of feature selection, the PAC Bayesian algorithm is employed. Logistic Regression classifier is used to detect epilepsy. Results show that the when Hessian LLE with PAC-Bayesian is identified with logistic regression gives the best accuracy of 96.87%.
癫痫是一种致命的神经系统疾病,影响着世界上很大一部分人口。脑电图(EEG)是临床环境中最常用的测量大脑工作方式的工具。脑电图通常用于诊断和治疗各种健康问题,如精神衰竭、癫痫发作、昏迷、精神分裂症和睡眠问题。数据的大维度是本工作中讨论的癫痫检测问题之一。在尝试分析数据时,高维可能会产生问题。降低脑电数据维数的主要目的是增强分类结果。本文采用降维和特征选择等方法对脑电数据进行降维处理。在降维方面,采用了自编码器和Hessian LLE方法。作为一种特征选择技术,采用了PAC贝叶斯算法。采用逻辑回归分类器检测癫痫。结果表明,采用logistic回归对PAC-Bayesian组合的Hessian LLE进行识别,准确率达到96.87%。
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引用次数: 0
Cluster Head Selection using the OA-PU Algorithm in the IoT 物联网中基于OA-PU算法的簇头选择
Pub Date : 2022-12-10 DOI: 10.1109/STCR55312.2022.10009355
Pon Bharathi A, Rajeesh Kumar N V, A. S, Vedha Vinodha D, A. J. Wilson
Providing better performance and energy optimization in the Internet of Things (IoT) in a network environment typically presents numerous challenges. So, here clustering is perhaps the most popular strategy for increasing the lifetime of an IoT, which immediately leads to a more robust routing procedure. This procedure entails grouping sensor nodes into clusters and assigning appropriate cluster heads to each cluster. The purpose of this research is to develop a novel clustering strategy that uses a new hybrid algorithm called Overtaker Assisted Political Update to select cluster heads (OA-PU). This CH selection takes four factors into account: energy, distance, cluster radius, and time. The hybrid algorithm is composed of the Fusion Rider Optimization Algorithm (F-ROA) and a political optimization algorithm (PO) inspired by nature. Fusion-ROA is based on groups of riders attempting to reach a goal, whereas PO is a cutting-edge meta-heuristic optimization approach for global as well as structural analysis performance prediction in the IoT environment. In terms of the evaluation of alive nodes, cost function analysis, as well as energy analysis, the proposed OA-PU outperforms conventional approaches, finally, the optimal system is developed and lifetime of network is increased.
在网络环境中为物联网(IoT)提供更好的性能和能源优化通常会带来许多挑战。因此,集群可能是增加物联网生命周期的最流行策略,它立即导致更健壮的路由过程。这个过程需要将传感器节点分组到集群中,并为每个集群分配适当的簇头。本研究的目的是开发一种新的聚类策略,该策略使用一种新的称为Overtaker辅助政治更新的混合算法来选择簇头(OA-PU)。这种CH选择考虑了四个因素:能量、距离、集群半径和时间。该混合算法由融合骑手优化算法(F-ROA)和受自然启发的政治优化算法(PO)组成。融合roa是基于试图达到目标的骑手群体,而PO是一种前沿的启发式优化方法,用于物联网环境下的全局和结构分析性能预测。在活节点评估、成本函数分析和能量分析等方面,该方法均优于传统方法,最终开发出最优系统,提高了网络的寿命。
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引用次数: 0
Performance Analysis of Lion Optimization Algorithm with Hybrid Classifier for Epilepsy Detection 混合分类器Lion优化算法在癫痫检测中的性能分析
Pub Date : 2022-12-10 DOI: 10.1109/STCR55312.2022.10009494
G. C, G. M., H. Rajaguru
The anatomical elements and the actions are amazing for the nervous system, but the human brain is susceptible to more neurological conditions, and epilepsy is one of such abnormalities. In medical parlance, a person is said to have the disease known as epilepsy if they have recurring seizures. In this study, Lion Optimization Algorithm (LOA) is employed to reduce the features dimensionality from EEG outputs. Following this, the reduced records are evaluated with the use of a hybrid learning approach that combines a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) with an Expectation Maximization (EM) technique. Results indicate that an average accuracy of 91% is achieved when the LOA features is identified using GMM with EM.
神经系统的解剖结构和动作是惊人的,但人类的大脑容易受到更多神经系统疾病的影响,癫痫就是这样的异常之一。在医学术语中,如果一个人反复发作,就被称为癫痫。本研究采用狮子优化算法(LOA)对脑电输出进行特征降维。在此之后,使用混合学习方法评估减少的记录,该方法结合了高斯混合模型(GMM)和期望最大化(EM)技术。结果表明,GMM结合EM识别LOA特征的平均准确率达到91%。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2022 Smart Technologies, Communication and Robotics (STCR)
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