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Anais do Simpósio Brasileiro de Computação Musical (SBCM 2019)最新文献

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Combining Effects in a Music Programming Language based on Patterns 一种基于模式的音乐编程语言组合效果
Pub Date : 2019-09-25 DOI: 10.5753/sbcm.2019.10430
A. R. D. Bois, R. Ribeiro
HMusic is a domain specific language based on music patterns that can be used to write music and live coding. The main abstractions provided by the language are patterns and tracks. Code written in HMusic looks like patterns and multi-tracks available in music sequencers, drum machines and DAWs. HMusic provides primitives to design and combine patterns generating new patterns. The objective of this paper is to extend the original design of HMusic to allow effects on tracks. We describe new abstractions to add effects on individual tracks and in groups of tracks, and how they influence the combinators for track composition and multiplication. HMusic allows the live coding of music and, as it is embedded in the Haskell functional programming language, programmers can write functions to manipulate effects on the fly. The current implementation of the language is compiled into Sonic Pi [1], and we describe how the compiler’s back-end was modified to support the new abstractions for effects. HMusic can be and can be downloaded from [2].
HMusic是一种基于音乐模式的领域特定语言,可用于编写音乐和现场编码。该语言提供的主要抽象是模式和轨迹。在HMusic中编写的代码看起来像音乐定序器、鼓机和daw中可用的模式和多轨。HMusic提供了设计和组合模式以生成新模式的原语。本文的目的是扩展HMusic的原始设计,以允许在轨道上产生效果。我们描述了在单个轨道和轨道组中添加效果的新抽象,以及它们如何影响轨道组合和乘法的组合子。HMusic允许对音乐进行现场编码,并且由于它嵌入在Haskell函数式编程语言中,程序员可以编写函数来动态地操作效果。该语言的当前实现被编译成Sonic Pi[1],我们描述了如何修改编译器的后端以支持新的效果抽象。HMusic可以从b[2]下载。
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引用次数: 0
Instrumental Sensibility of Vocal Detector Based on Spectral Features 基于频谱特征的声音探测器的仪器灵敏度
Pub Date : 2019-09-25 DOI: 10.5753/sbcm.2019.10451
Shayenne Moura, M. Queiroz
Detecting voice in a mixture of sound sources remains a challenging task in MIR research. The musical content can be perceived in many different ways as instrumentation varies. We evaluate how instrumentation affects singing voice detection in pieces using a standard spectral feature (MFCC). We trained Random Forest models with song remixes for specific subsets of sound sources, and compare it to models trained with the original songs. We thus present a preliminary analysis of the classification accuracy results.
在混合声源中检测声音仍然是MIR研究中的一项具有挑战性的任务。随着乐器的不同,音乐内容可以以许多不同的方式被感知。我们评估了使用标准频谱特征(MFCC)的仪器如何影响歌唱声音检测。我们针对特定的声源子集训练了带有歌曲混音的随机森林模型,并将其与使用原始歌曲训练的模型进行比较。因此,我们提出了分类精度结果的初步分析。
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引用次数: 0
A technical approach of the audience participation in the performance 'O Chaos das 5' 表演《混沌5》中观众参与的技术途径
Pub Date : 2019-09-25 DOI: 10.5753/sbcm.2019.10419
J. Araújo, Avner Paulo, Igino Silva Junior, F. Schiavoni, Mauro César Fachina Canito, R. A. Costa
Since HTML 5 and web audio were released, we have seen several initiatives to construct web based instruments and musical applications based on this technology. Web based instruments involved composers, musicians and the audience in musical performances based in the fact that a web instrument embedded in a web page can be accessed by everyone. Nonetheless, despite the fact that these applications are accessible by the network, it is not easy to use the network and these technologies to synchronize the participants of a musical performance and control the level of interaction in a collaborative musical creation scenario. Based on a multimedia performance created in our research group, O Chaos das 5, we present in this paper some scenarios of interaction and control between musicians and the audience that can be reached using a server side programming infrastructure along with the HTML5. In this performance, the audience took part of the musical soundscape using a cellphone to access a set of digital instruments. These scenarios and the proposed solutions brought up a set of possibilities to balance control and interaction of audience participation into live performance using web instruments.
自从HTML 5和网络音频发布以来,我们已经看到了一些基于这项技术构建基于网络的乐器和音乐应用程序的倡议。基于网络的乐器涉及作曲家、音乐家和音乐表演的观众,基于嵌入在网页中的网络乐器可以被每个人访问的事实。然而,尽管这些应用程序可以通过网络访问,但在协作音乐创作场景中,使用网络和这些技术来同步音乐表演的参与者并控制交互水平并不容易。基于我们的研究小组创造的多媒体表演,O Chaos das 5,我们在本文中提出了一些音乐家和观众之间的交互和控制的场景,这些场景可以通过使用服务器端编程基础设施以及HTML5来实现。在这次演出中,观众通过手机接入一套数字乐器,参与了音乐音景的一部分。这些场景和提出的解决方案提出了一系列可能性,以平衡观众参与的控制和互动,并使用网络工具进行现场表演。
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引用次数: 4
Visualizing Air Drums: Analysis of Motion and Vocalization Data Related to Playing Imaginary Drums 可视化的空气鼓:分析与演奏想象鼓有关的运动和发声数据
Pub Date : 2019-09-25 DOI: 10.5753/sbcm.2019.10423
A. Caetano, T. Tavares
Air drums, or imaginary drums, are commonly played as a form of participating in musical experiences. The gestures derived from playing air drums can be acquired using accelerometers and then mapped into sound control responses. Commonly, the mapping process relies on a peak-picking procedure that maps local maxima or minima to sound triggers. In this work, we analyzed accelerometer and audio data comprising the motion of subjects playing air drums while vocalizing their expected results. Our qualitative analysis revealed that each subject produced a different relationship between their motion and the vocalization. This suggests that using a fixed peak-picking procedure can be unreliable when designing accelerometer-controlled drum instruments. Moreover, user-specific personalization can be an important feature in this type of virtual instrument. This poses a new challenge for this field, which consists of quickly personalizing virtual drum interactions. We made our dataset available to foster future work in this subject.
空气鼓,或想象鼓,通常作为一种参与音乐体验的形式而演奏。通过使用加速计,玩家可以获得由鼓声产生的手势,然后将其映射到声音控制响应中。通常,映射过程依赖于将局部最大值或最小值映射到声音触发器的峰值拾取过程。在这项工作中,我们分析了加速度计和音频数据,包括受试者在发出预期结果的同时演奏空气鼓的运动。我们的定性分析显示,每个受试者在他们的动作和发声之间产生了不同的关系。这表明,在设计加速度计控制的鼓仪表时,使用固定的拾峰程序是不可靠的。此外,用户特定的个性化可以是这类虚拟仪器的一个重要特征。这对该领域提出了新的挑战,其中包括快速个性化虚拟鼓交互。我们提供了我们的数据集,以促进这一主题的未来工作。
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引用次数: 1
Identifying Narrative Contexts in Brazilian Popular Music Lyrics Using Sparse Topic Models: A Comparison Between Human-Based and Machine-Based Classification 使用稀疏主题模型识别巴西流行音乐歌词中的叙事语境:基于人类和基于机器分类的比较
Pub Date : 2019-09-25 DOI: 10.5753/sbcm.2019.10417
André Dalmora, T. Tavares
Music lyrics can convey a great part of the meaning in popular songs. Such meaning is important for humans to understand songs as related to typical narratives, such as romantic interests or life stories. This understanding is part of affective aspects that can be used to choose songs to play in particular situations. This paper analyzes the effectiveness of using text mining tools to classify lyrics according to their narrative contexts. For such, we used a vote-based dataset and several machine learning algorithms. Also, we compared the classification results to that of a typical human. Last, we compare the problems of identifying narrative contexts and of identifying lyric valence. Our results indicate that narrative contexts can be identified more consistently than valence. Also, we show that human-based classification typically do not reach a high accuracy, which suggests an upper bound for automatic classification. narrative contexts. For such, we built a dataset containing Brazilian popular music lyrics which were raters voted online according to its context and valence. We approached the problem using a machine learning pipeline in which lyrics are projected into a vector space and then classified using general-purpose algorithms. We experimented with document representations based on sparse topic models [11, 12, 13, 14], which aims to find groups of words that typically appear together in the dataset. Also, we extracted part-of-speech tags for each lyric and used their histogram as features in the classification process.
歌词可以传达流行歌曲的很大一部分意思。这种意义对于人类理解与典型叙事有关的歌曲很重要,比如浪漫的兴趣或生活故事。这种理解是情感方面的一部分,可以用来选择在特定情况下播放的歌曲。本文分析了使用文本挖掘工具根据歌词的叙事语境对歌词进行分类的有效性。为此,我们使用了基于投票的数据集和几种机器学习算法。此外,我们将分类结果与典型人类的分类结果进行了比较。最后,我们比较了识别叙事语境和识别抒情效价的问题。我们的研究结果表明,叙事语境的识别比效价的识别更一致。此外,我们还表明,基于人的分类通常不能达到很高的准确率,这表明了自动分类的上限。叙事语境。为此,我们建立了一个包含巴西流行音乐歌词的数据集,这些歌词是评分者根据其上下文和价值在线投票的。我们使用机器学习管道来解决这个问题,其中歌词被投影到向量空间中,然后使用通用算法进行分类。我们实验了基于稀疏主题模型的文档表示[11,12,13,14],其目的是找到通常在数据集中一起出现的单词组。此外,我们提取了每个歌词的词性标签,并在分类过程中使用它们的直方图作为特征。
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引用次数: 1
The First Brazilian Symposium on Computer Music presents Brazilian computer music potentials - Caxambu, MG, 1994 第一届巴西计算机音乐研讨会展示了巴西计算机音乐的潜力- Caxambu, MG, 1994
Pub Date : 2019-09-25 DOI: 10.5753/sbcm.2019.10463
M. Loureiro
The main objective of this talk is to report on the First Brazilian Symposium on Computer Music, which occurred in August 1994, at the city of Caxambu, Minas Gerais, promoted by the UFMG. The meeting occurred one year after the creation of NUCOM, a group of young academics dedicated to this emerging research field in Brazil gathered as a discussion list. This quite exciting and fancy event at Hotel Gloria in Caxambu was able to imposingly launch the group to the national, as well as to the international academic community. First, due to the excellency of the event’s output and its daring program, that included 34 selected papers by researchers from various institutions from Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Denmark, France, Hong Kong, Mexico, UK, and USA, five lectures an two panels of discussion offered by researchers from the most advanced computer music research centers all over the world. The program also included eight concerts, two of them featuring traditional music, such as Bach, Mozart, and Brazilian music.Six computer music concerts presented 48 selected compositions submitted to the symposium. Second, as the symposium happened as apart of the 14th Congress of Brazilian Computer Science Society (SBC), the excellency of its output was able to attract the interest of SBC’s board of directors. They invited NUCOM to integrate the society as a Special Committee, which are sub-groups of SBC dedicated to specific computer science topics. At the end of the description, this report aims at raising questions, arguments, and debates about today’s format of NUCOM meetings, considering more seriously the interdisciplinary character of the methodologic approaches adopted by the field. Interdisciplinarity should be pursued by striving to contaminate a growing number of different topics of musical sciences, as well as of other research fields.
这次演讲的主要目的是报告1994年8月在米纳斯吉拉斯州卡萨姆布市举行的第一届巴西计算机音乐研讨会,该研讨会由UFMG推动。会议发生在NUCOM成立一年后,一群致力于巴西这一新兴研究领域的年轻学者聚集在一起作为讨论清单。在卡森布的格洛丽亚酒店举办的这场激动人心的盛大活动,使该组织在全国乃至国际学术界得到了广泛的关注。首先,由于本次活动的出色产出和大胆计划,包括来自阿根廷、巴西、加拿大、丹麦、法国、香港、墨西哥、英国和美国等不同机构的研究人员的34篇精选论文,以及来自世界上最先进的计算机音乐研究中心的研究人员提供的五场讲座和两场讨论。该节目还包括8场音乐会,其中两场以巴赫、莫扎特等传统音乐和巴西音乐为特色。六场电脑音乐演奏会将呈献予研讨会的48首精选作品。其次,由于研讨会是巴西计算机科学协会(SBC)第14届大会的一部分,其出色的产出能够吸引SBC董事会的兴趣。他们邀请NUCOM将该协会整合为一个特别委员会,该委员会是SBC的子小组,致力于特定的计算机科学主题。在描述的最后,本报告的目的是提出问题、论点和辩论关于今天的NUCOM会议的形式,更认真地考虑到该领域采用的方法方法的跨学科性质。跨学科的追求应该努力污染越来越多的不同主题的音乐科学,以及其他研究领域。
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引用次数: 2
Introduction to automatic audio classification 介绍自动音频分类
Pub Date : 2019-09-25 DOI: 10.5753/sbcm.2019.10461
T. Tavares
This hands-on workshop comprises essential techniques for digital signal processing and machine learning. Participants will use the Python libraries librosa and scikit-learn as support to build an automatic audio classification system. The workshop will use explorations in toy problems to approach theoretical aspects. Later, it will discuss practical issues for building a scientific applications in the field.
这个实践工作坊包括数字信号处理和机器学习的基本技术。参与者将使用Python库librosa和scikit-learn作为支持来构建自动音频分类系统。工作坊将使用玩具问题的探索来接近理论方面。随后,将讨论构建科学应用领域的实际问题。
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引用次数: 0
LCM-Ufrgs Research Group Report: What are we doing in Computer Music? LCM-Ufrgs研究小组报告:我们在计算机音乐领域做了什么?
Pub Date : 2019-09-25 DOI: 10.5753/sbcm.2019.10442
Marcelo Pimenta, M. Johann, Rodrigo Schramm
In this paper, we present a historical overview and a brief report of the main recent activities at LCM (Laboratório de Computação Musical) of UFRGS (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul).
在这篇论文中,我们对UFRGS (Universidade Federal do里约热内卢Grande do Sul)的LCM (laboratorio de computacao Musical)最近的主要活动进行了历史概述和简要报告。
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引用次数: 1
A chord distance metric based on the Tonal Pitch Space and a key-finding method for chord annotation sequences 基于音高空间的和弦距离度量和和弦标注序列的键查找方法
Pub Date : 2019-09-25 DOI: 10.5753/sbcm.2019.10435
Lucas Marques
Music Information Retrieval (MIR) is a growing field of research concerned about recovering and generating useful information about music in general. One classic problem of MIR is key-finding, which could be described as the activity of finding the most stable tone and mode of a determined musical piece or a fragment of it. This problem, however, is usually modeled for audio as an input, sometimes MIDI, but little attention seems to be given to approaches considering musical notations and musictheory. This paper will present a method of key-finding that has chord annotations as its only input. A new metric is proposed for calculating distances between tonal pitch spaces and chords, which will be later used to create a key-finding method for chord annotations sequences. We achieve a success rate from 77.85% up to 88.75% for the whole database, depending on whether or not and how some parameters of approximation are configured. We argue that musical-theoretical approaches independent of audio could still bring progress to the MIR area and definitely could be used as complementary techniques.
音乐信息检索(Music Information Retrieval, MIR)是一个新兴的研究领域,它关注于音乐信息的恢复和生成。MIR的一个经典问题是找键,它可以被描述为为确定的音乐作品或其片段找到最稳定的音调和模式的活动。然而,这个问题通常是将音频建模为输入,有时是MIDI,但似乎很少注意到考虑音乐符号和音乐理论的方法。本文将介绍一种以和弦注释为唯一输入的键查找方法。提出了一种计算音高空间与和弦之间距离的新度量,该度量将用于创建和弦注释序列的寻键方法。我们在整个数据库中实现了从77.85%到88.75%的成功率,这取决于是否以及如何配置一些近似参数。我们认为,独立于音频的音乐理论方法仍然可以为MIR领域带来进步,并且绝对可以用作补充技术。
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引用次数: 1
Audio Encryption Scheme based on Pseudo-orbit of Chaotic Map 基于混沌映射伪轨道的音频加密方案
Pub Date : 2019-09-25 DOI: 10.5753/sbcm.2019.10448
E. P. Magalhães, Thiago A Santos, E. Nepomuceno
Chaos-based encryption uses a chaotic dynamic system to encrypt a file. The aim of this study was to investigate the use of the chaotic Cubic Map to encrypt data, in particular, audio files. A simple algorithm was developed to encrypt and decrypt an audio data. The effectiveness of the method was measured by means of the correlation coefficient calculation, spectral entropy and also by comparing waveforms. The measurements were shown to lead to satisfactory confusion levels of the original data, within a few seconds. This indicates that the Cubic Map can be used as a source for encryption keys, with as good or better security indicators when compared to other schemes.
基于混沌的加密使用混沌动态系统对文件进行加密。本研究的目的是研究使用混沌立方映射来加密数据,特别是音频文件。提出了一种简单的音频数据加密和解密算法。通过相关系数计算、谱熵计算和波形比较,验证了该方法的有效性。测量结果显示,在几秒钟内就能使原始数据达到令人满意的混淆水平。这表明,与其他方案相比,Cubic Map可以用作加密密钥的来源,具有相同或更好的安全性指标。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Anais do Simpósio Brasileiro de Computação Musical (SBCM 2019)
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