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Provocările contabilității în viziunea tinerilor cercetători, editia VII最新文献

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Digitalization: peculiarities of the accounting audit in fruit growing with the application of informatin technologies 数字化:信息技术应用下水果种植会计审计的特点
Marinela Banaru
The importance of the given subject is determined by the current state of the development of agricultural activity at the given time in our country. Agriculture as a well-developed branch in our country from the point of view of obtaining quality products that meet the requirements of the European Union, but also from the point of view of technologies regarding the processing of agricultural land. The agricultural sector is a complex topic. This involves several technical fields: agriculture and animal husbandry; running the business and the market; cooperatives, etc. These initiatives require a high level of knowledge and skills to successfully organize these activities.
某一学科的重要性是由我国某一时期农业活动的发展现状决定的。从获得符合欧盟要求的优质产品的角度来看,农业作为我国一个发达的分支,而且从农业用地加工技术的角度来看。农业部门是一个复杂的话题。这涉及到几个技术领域:农业和畜牧业;经营企业和市场;合作社等。这些举措需要高水平的知识和技能才能成功地组织这些活动。
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引用次数: 0
Problem issues of regulatory support for accounting and taxation of motor transport services in Ukraine 乌克兰机动运输服务会计和税收的管制支助问题
O. Ihnatiev
The article explores the legislative and regulatory framework governing the accounting and taxation of services in the transportation sector in Ukraine. The author provides an overview of the relevant laws and regulations, including the Labor Code, Tax Code, and laws on transport and road infrastructure. The article also discusses various government resolutions and orders, which set out specific rules for accounting and taxation practices in the sector. The author emphasizes the importance of complying with these laws and regulations, and provides insights into the challenges faced by businesses operating in the transportation sector. Overall, the article serves as a useful guide for stakeholders in the transportation industry seeking to navigate the complex regulatory environment in Ukraine.
文章探讨了立法和监管框架管理的会计和税收服务在乌克兰的运输部门。作者概述了相关法律法规,包括《劳动法》、《税法》以及有关交通和道路基础设施的法律。本文还讨论了各种政府决议和命令,这些决议和命令为该部门的会计和税收实践制定了具体规则。作者强调了遵守这些法律法规的重要性,并提供了在运输部门运营的企业所面临的挑战的见解。总的来说,本文为运输行业的利益相关者提供了有用的指南,帮助他们驾驭乌克兰复杂的监管环境。
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引用次数: 0
Cryptocurrency and NFT investments 加密货币和NFT投资
Stefanida Meriacri
Criptocurrency is a digital currency in which transactions are verified and recorded by a decentralized system using cryptography, rather than by a centralized authority. This ones attracted people from simple investors to academic people to do many researches about how this market works and how can be a modern alternative to our actual currency market which is formed from currencies of each traded country. This market started to develop in august 2008 and has a real growth in 2011 when apeared other criptocurrencies near principal currency – Bitcoin. After that, in january 2021 on this market the global cap exceedes 1 trillion dollars and was in a continue growth durring the first qurter of 2021 until his global cap reached the number of 2 trillion dollars. After all, in 2015 apeared the first mention about NFT in blockchain register of Ethereum. This ones has a special particularity compared to existing cryptos until then- the lack of need to store or hold an asset, which leads to a certain degree of anonymity south by a large number of investors, and the speed of training of assets. Therefore, the goal of this is to find the main factors that determine the growth of investments in this market, especialy when this market is a little bit sensitive after the fall from May 2022, when Terra token fell in 48 hours by approximately 99.8 %. In this context, the results once again convinced us that many of investors see this market an oportunity to invest where and when they want, to make fast transactions whithout paying exorbitant bank fees, anonymity of transactions and last but not least curiosity.
加密货币是一种数字货币,其中交易由使用加密技术的分散系统验证和记录,而不是由集中机构进行验证和记录。它吸引了从简单的投资者到学者的人来做很多关于这个市场如何运作的研究,以及如何成为一个现代的替代我们实际的货币市场,这个市场是由每个交易国家的货币组成的。这个市场在2008年8月开始发展,并在2011年出现了其他加密货币——比特币——的时候有了真正的增长。之后,在2021年1月,该市场的全球上限超过了1万亿美元,并在2021年第一季度持续增长,直到他的全球上限达到2万亿美元。毕竟,2015年在以太坊的区块链注册表中首次提到了NFT。与现有的加密货币相比,这种加密货币具有特殊的特殊性——不需要存储或持有资产,这导致了大量投资者在一定程度上的匿名性,以及资产的培训速度。因此,这样做的目标是找到决定这个市场投资增长的主要因素,特别是当这个市场在2022年5月下跌后有点敏感时,当时Terra代币在48小时内下跌了约99.8%。在这种背景下,结果再次让我们相信,许多投资者认为这个市场是一个机会,可以在他们想要的时间和地点进行投资,可以快速交易,而无需支付高昂的银行费用,交易匿名,最后但并非最不重要的是好奇心。
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引用次数: 0
The applicable aspects of the analysis of the income structure for the decision-making process 适用于收益结构分析方面的决策过程
Maria Meghea
Due to the tax implications, the income recorded in the accounting of a commercial company requires particularly high attention from managers and accountants. The difference between income and expenses recorded in accounting represents accounting profit. To calculate the fiscal profit, rules are followed that have varied over time with the legislative changes related to the calculation of the profit tax. In addition to their fiscal importance, revenues provide, through their economic analysis, important information about how the unit's resources were used and about the results obtained.
由于税收的影响,商业公司会计记录的收入需要经理和会计人员的高度关注。在会计中记录的收入和费用之间的差额就是会计利润。为了计算财政利润,所遵循的规则随着与计算利得税有关的立法变化而变化。除了财政重要性之外,收入通过其经济分析提供了关于单位资源如何使用和取得成果的重要信息。
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引用次数: 0
Quantitative research on the identification of possibilities for the improvement of the university curriculum 大学课程改进可能性识别的定量研究
Ramona Melania Magan
Student's satisfaction with university curricula and their perception regarding professional training for their future career are important factors in the recruitment, selection and employment process, in relation to the evolution of labor demand, universities are forced to redesign and adapt their programs of studies and implicitly the educational plans to respond to market requirements. The aim pursued in this paper is to test the perception of students from the Faculty of Economics, Administration and Business of the Ștefan cel Mare University in Suceava regarding the university curriculum and the skills acquired during the study program. In order to achieve the proposed goal, we formulated the following objectives: O1- review of specialized literature on student satisfaction; O2 – highlighting the level of satisfaction of students; O3 – identifying possibilities for improving the university curriculum. The research methodology is specific to quantitative research, based on a questionnaire, to which 130 students responded out of a total of 165 students. The obtained results are concretized in the profile of the students from the Accounting and Management Informatics study program according to the level of satisfaction, evaluated with the help of independent variables: NSSDS - (Students' level of satisfaction regarding the subjects studied); NSSIF (Student Satisfaction Level with Faculty); CCPM (The skills offered by the curriculum are oriented towards the labor market); CDTS (The curriculum is oriented towards the long-term development of students) and the dependent variable NSSCU (Student satisfaction level regarding university curricula). The importance of the results is relevant for potential students who will want to access these programs, for employers, because they have the opportunity to monitor the students' requirements and to better understand possible situations of non-adaptation to the workplace and last but not least the Ministry of Education which should pay continuous attention to correlating the requirements of the labor market with the university curriculum.
学生对大学课程的满意度和对未来职业生涯的专业培训的看法是招聘、选择和就业过程中的重要因素,随着劳动力需求的变化,大学被迫重新设计和调整其学习计划和教育计划,以适应市场的需求。本文的目的是测试Suceava的Ștefan cel Mare大学经济,管理和商业学院的学生对大学课程和学习计划期间获得的技能的看法。为了达到我们提出的目标,我们制定了以下目标:1-回顾有关学生满意度的专业文献;O2 -突显学生的满意程度;找出改进大学课程的可能性。研究方法是定量研究,以问卷调查为基础,在165名学生中有130名学生回答了问卷。根据满意度,将获得的结果具体化到会计与管理信息学专业学生的个人资料中,并借助自变量进行评估:NSSDS -(学生对所研究科目的满意度);学生对教师的满意度;CCPM(课程提供的技能面向劳动力市场);CDTS(课程以学生的长远发展为导向)和因变量NSSCU(学生对大学课程的满意度)。结果的重要性与那些想要进入这些课程的潜在学生有关,对于雇主来说,因为他们有机会监控学生的要求,更好地了解不适应工作场所的可能情况,最后但并非最不重要的是教育部应该持续关注将劳动力市场的要求与大学课程联系起来。
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引用次数: 0
Electronic administration of value added tax in Ukraine: issues of accounting organization and impact on business 乌克兰增值税电子管理:会计组织问题及其对业务的影响
K. Pavlotska
The introduction of the electronic register of tax invoices and the electronic VAT administration system necessitated changes in accounting procedures, tax accrual and payment, preparation and registration of tax invoices, and settlements with the budget. Changes in recent months have exacerbated the problem of blocking tax invoices and, accordingly, caused additional difficulties for businesses in the form of additional time spent on unblocking tax invoices, to some extent deterioration of relations with buyers who may have lost the opportunity to use the tax credit, etc. This requires research to determine the specifics of VAT accounting, systematize certain stages of its implementation and the impact of recent changes on business. The paper presents the results of a study of the peculiarities of using the electronic administration system by a VAT payer, namely, the issue of accounting for transactions related to the recognition of a tax liability and a tax credit for VAT, which involves the introduction of analytical accounts, which helps to increase the level of control over the state of settlements with the budget. The sequence of the VAT accounting process in Ukraine, which involves the use of an electronic administration system, is shown schematically. Legislative changes regarding the registration of VAT tax invoices are analyzed. The scheme of the decision-making process on registration or refusal to register tax invoices is presented. The impact of the latest legislative changes on business activities is investigated.
税务发票电子登记和增值税电子管理系统的引入,需要在会计程序、应计和纳税、税务发票的编制和登记以及预算结算等方面进行变革。最近几个月的变化加剧了封禁税务发票的问题,因此给企业带来了额外的困难,因为企业需要花费更多的时间来解锁税务发票,在某种程度上,与可能失去使用税收抵免机会的买家的关系恶化,等等。这需要研究确定增值税会计的具体细节,将其实施的某些阶段和最近变化对业务的影响系统化。本文介绍了对增值税纳税人使用电子管理系统的特点的研究结果,即与承认纳税义务和增值税税收抵免有关的交易会计问题,其中涉及引入分析账户,这有助于提高对预算结算状态的控制水平。乌克兰增值税会计处理的顺序,涉及到电子管理系统的使用,如图所示。分析了增值税发票登记的立法变化。提出了税务发票登记或不予登记的决策流程方案。调查最新的立法变化对商业活动的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Approaches regarding the accounting of income and expenditure related to study fees in technical vocational education institutions 职业技术教育机构学习费用收支核算办法
Ana-Maria Schiopu
According to the Educational Strategy "Education 2030" aims to improve the infrastructure of educational institutions, including technical vocational education institutions, which will condition the assurance of better study quality, a qualified professional training and a relationship with the labor market. Another objective is the lifelong learning strategy, which is done on the basis of study contracts with technical vocational education institutions against payment. That is why solving the problems of identifying the criteria and classifying income and expenses in the IÎPT of recognition and record, as well as to facilitate their reporting to the beneficiaries. As a result, through this article, I will come with recommendations to the studied units IÎPT regarding the classification of income and expenses from own sources in accordance with its informational needs necessary for the decision-making process.
根据“教育2030”教育战略,旨在改善教育机构的基础设施,包括技术职业教育机构,这将保证更好的学习质量,合格的专业培训以及与劳动力市场的关系。另一个目标是终身学习战略,这是在与技术职业教育机构签订有偿学习合同的基础上实现的。这就是为什么要解决在IÎPT确认和记录中确定标准和分类收入和费用的问题,并方便向受益人报告。因此,通过本文,我将根据其决策过程所需的信息需求,向所研究单位IÎPT提出关于自有来源收入和费用分类的建议。
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引用次数: 0
Digitalization in accounting 会计数字化
Ionela Ivanov
Digitalisation is transforming companies and other organisations more fundamentally than the business world has ever seen. The accounting profession is such a field where digital transformations take its tool. When the historical process of accounting is looked at, it is seen that there are revolutionary turning points such as development of double-entry bookkeeping method, uniform accounting system and international accounting standards practices, and use of computer software in accounting. Technology has initiated a radical transformation process by enabling the transfer of accounting to the digital platform. A very important feature of our age is certainly the accelerated evolution of the technological field, characterized by an avalanche of optimal solutions (computer programs) for economic activity. It is difficult to imagine areas such as accounting, marketing or other analysis and evaluation activities without digital tools. The advantages of this software include: fast accessibility, detailed presentation of information and accuracy of errors. In addition to the benefits, there are low accounting costs and time required to complete a task it's faster. One of the challenges for young accountants is artificial intelligence. Another major challenge is cyber security, which needs to be integrated into an entity's decision-making processes. In this article, we aim to describing digitalization impact on the field of management accounting and control.
数字化正在以前所未有的方式从根本上改变企业和其他组织。会计行业就是这样一个数字化转型的领域。纵观会计的历史进程,出现了复式记账法的发展、统一的会计制度和国际会计准则实践、会计中使用计算机软件等革命性的转折点。技术已经启动了一个激进的转变过程,使会计转移到数字平台。我们这个时代的一个非常重要的特征当然是技术领域的加速发展,其特点是为经济活动提供了大量的最佳解决方案(计算机程序)。很难想象没有数字工具的会计、营销或其他分析和评估活动领域。该软件的优点是:访问速度快,信息显示详细,错误准确。除了这些好处,还有低会计成本和完成任务所需的时间——它更快。年轻会计师面临的挑战之一是人工智能。另一个主要挑战是网络安全,这需要整合到实体的决策过程中。在本文中,我们旨在描述数字化对管理会计和控制领域的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Accounting and tax aspects regarding compromised debts 关于妥协债务的会计和税务方面
Violeta Codrean
In the context of the market economy, the results of any entity's activity are conditioned by the effectiveness of commercial settlements. The purpose of this work is to highlight the accounting and fiscal aspects regarding the compromised claims within the domestic entities. Thus, in the process of carrying out a quality research, the bibliographic and bibliometric analysis of the subject was carried out, through the platforms Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science and Biblioshiny, which allowed the research of the concept of "compromised debts" at the national and international level through the prism a few criteria. At the same time, in the context of the exposition of the practical aspects in relation to the studied topic, the accounting methods of compromised claims according to the legislation in force and the fiscal implications were presented, through rigorous examples. In conclusion, the main accounting and fiscal aspects regarding compromised claims were highlighted, in this case, the way to complete the Income Tax Declaration (VEN 12) regarding income tax and value added tax was presented with a concrete example added, resulting from the repercussions of their appearance at the entity.
在市场经济条件下,任何实体活动的结果都取决于商业结算的有效性。这项工作的目的是突出关于国内实体内受损索赔的会计和财政方面。因此,在开展高质量研究的过程中,通过Google Scholar、Scopus、Web of Science和Biblioshiny等平台,对该主题进行了书目和文献计量学分析,从而通过几个标准的棱镜,在国家和国际层面对“妥协债务”概念进行了研究。同时,在阐述与所研究的专题有关的实际方面的背景下,通过严格的例子,提出了根据现行立法和所涉财政问题计算折衷索赔的会计方法。最后,强调了关于妥协索赔的主要会计和财政方面,在这种情况下,完成所得税申报(VEN 12)的方式涉及所得税和增值税,并添加了一个具体的例子,这是由于它们在实体出现的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Cost classification by economic elements: operating characteristics and optimisation guidelines 按经济要素进行成本分类:运行特点和优化准则
Alina Jidras
In this article are discussed significant aspects of cost classification, which help to optimize financial performance while reducing costs and expenses, including statistical reporting burden. Using research methods, such as analysis, the opinions of various users were also examined, which lead to more detailed conclusions and recommendations on statistical reports.
本文讨论了成本分类的重要方面,这有助于优化财务绩效,同时减少成本和费用,包括统计报告负担。利用分析等研究方法,还审查了各种用户的意见,从而得出更详细的结论和关于统计报告的建议。
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引用次数: 0
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Provocările contabilității în viziunea tinerilor cercetători, editia VII
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