Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.35429/jtip.2022.15.6.25.30
David Alejandro Sifuentes-Godoy
This energy study is developed within a wastewater treatment plant by aerated lagoons, where a series of problems such as activation of temperature protections, phase loss and thermal protections are presented. When analyzing the electrical installation and the constitution of each motor, the hypothesis of a possible presence of harmonics outside the established ranges that are producing distortion and increase of the voltage and current signal, as well as a possible resonance, was raised. For this reason, it is intended to carry out an Electrical energy quality analysis in electrical machines of the PTAR de Aguas del Municipio de Durango, through specialized equipment and based on international standards. The power quality analysis contemplates the analysis of: voltage, current, individual harmonic content, THDv, THDi. The methodology proposed by Dugan, McGranaghan, Santoso, & Beaty (2004) and the performance of energy diagnoses according to what was established by Sifuentes et al (2016) were used. As a result, the confirmation of the hypothesis is obtained where the motor that contains power electronics is a source of harmonics that are amplified by the capacitor bank.
{"title":"Power quality analysis in Durango’s sewage treatment plant","authors":"David Alejandro Sifuentes-Godoy","doi":"10.35429/jtip.2022.15.6.25.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35429/jtip.2022.15.6.25.30","url":null,"abstract":"This energy study is developed within a wastewater treatment plant by aerated lagoons, where a series of problems such as activation of temperature protections, phase loss and thermal protections are presented. When analyzing the electrical installation and the constitution of each motor, the hypothesis of a possible presence of harmonics outside the established ranges that are producing distortion and increase of the voltage and current signal, as well as a possible resonance, was raised. For this reason, it is intended to carry out an Electrical energy quality analysis in electrical machines of the PTAR de Aguas del Municipio de Durango, through specialized equipment and based on international standards. The power quality analysis contemplates the analysis of: voltage, current, individual harmonic content, THDv, THDi. The methodology proposed by Dugan, McGranaghan, Santoso, & Beaty (2004) and the performance of energy diagnoses according to what was established by Sifuentes et al (2016) were used. As a result, the confirmation of the hypothesis is obtained where the motor that contains power electronics is a source of harmonics that are amplified by the capacitor bank.","PeriodicalId":339921,"journal":{"name":"Revista Tecnologías en Procesos Industriales","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126332495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.35429/jtip.2022.15.6.1.11
Amando Rivas Rodriguez, Juan Miguel Becerra-Castro, Abel Israel Tristán-Calleja, Esteban Vazquez-Sánchez
The use and application of CAD, CAE, CAM systems are increasingly necessary in the industry, (Arriaga Segundo, 1999) To meet the needs of the accelerated industrial transformation that is taking place in industrially developed and developing countries, it is essential that those involved in the Mexican metalworking industry. In the technological area, there is a machining center for 4 axes, of which only 3 are used, due to not having a chuck for the 4th axis, which is necessary to manufacture more complex parts, and to prepare future engineers in the use of this technology. For this reason, an acrylic mandrel prototype was designed and manufactured using CAD, CAM and CAE technology. To demonstrate its application and usefulness in the manufacture of complex parts. First, the components that make it up were designed in CAD software: clamps, "worm" screw and casing, to later carry out the finite analysis in CAE software, computer-aided engineering, ending with the simulation and manufacturing in CAM software. This will validate and demonstrate the feasibility of manufacturing the mandrel in steel, with existing resources and with a design that best suits the requirements.
{"title":"CAD-CAE-CAM technology in the manufacture of a 3-jaw independent chuck prototype in acrylic","authors":"Amando Rivas Rodriguez, Juan Miguel Becerra-Castro, Abel Israel Tristán-Calleja, Esteban Vazquez-Sánchez","doi":"10.35429/jtip.2022.15.6.1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35429/jtip.2022.15.6.1.11","url":null,"abstract":"The use and application of CAD, CAE, CAM systems are increasingly necessary in the industry, (Arriaga Segundo, 1999) To meet the needs of the accelerated industrial transformation that is taking place in industrially developed and developing countries, it is essential that those involved in the Mexican metalworking industry. In the technological area, there is a machining center for 4 axes, of which only 3 are used, due to not having a chuck for the 4th axis, which is necessary to manufacture more complex parts, and to prepare future engineers in the use of this technology. For this reason, an acrylic mandrel prototype was designed and manufactured using CAD, CAM and CAE technology. To demonstrate its application and usefulness in the manufacture of complex parts. First, the components that make it up were designed in CAD software: clamps, \"worm\" screw and casing, to later carry out the finite analysis in CAE software, computer-aided engineering, ending with the simulation and manufacturing in CAM software. This will validate and demonstrate the feasibility of manufacturing the mandrel in steel, with existing resources and with a design that best suits the requirements.","PeriodicalId":339921,"journal":{"name":"Revista Tecnologías en Procesos Industriales","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133659919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.35429/jtip.2022.15.6.12.17
Néstor Flores-Ramirez, Irma Martínez-Carrillo, Carlos Juárez-Toledo, Amador Huitrón-Contreras
The opening of opportunities in the automotive sector, the global market currently forces companies to be more competitive in their daily activities, this requires them to adopt new strategies, tools and techniques, in order to optimization processes, reduce waste, decrease costs, etc. Automation and the use of smart devices in the industrial sector has evolved impressively, due to improving and increasing production, it also allows to produce better quality products without requiring the control of human intervention to be operated. However, today the use of increasingly sophisticated devices not only allows companies to be more competitive, but also contributes to improving their processes by reducing operating times per workstation. It should be noted that through the implementation of automated devices, not only are production processes improved, in the same time it allows workers to carry out their work activities more easily and comfortably, the objective is avoiding errors or line stops. The present project aims to design and propose a system to provide fastening elements and to saving raw materials, reducing downtime and improving workstation ergonomics for workers in an automotive industry, with the aim of improving production processes, but it could be applied in other industrial sector.
{"title":"Design and construction of a material fastening system for automotive finishing supplies","authors":"Néstor Flores-Ramirez, Irma Martínez-Carrillo, Carlos Juárez-Toledo, Amador Huitrón-Contreras","doi":"10.35429/jtip.2022.15.6.12.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35429/jtip.2022.15.6.12.17","url":null,"abstract":"The opening of opportunities in the automotive sector, the global market currently forces companies to be more competitive in their daily activities, this requires them to adopt new strategies, tools and techniques, in order to optimization processes, reduce waste, decrease costs, etc. Automation and the use of smart devices in the industrial sector has evolved impressively, due to improving and increasing production, it also allows to produce better quality products without requiring the control of human intervention to be operated. However, today the use of increasingly sophisticated devices not only allows companies to be more competitive, but also contributes to improving their processes by reducing operating times per workstation. It should be noted that through the implementation of automated devices, not only are production processes improved, in the same time it allows workers to carry out their work activities more easily and comfortably, the objective is avoiding errors or line stops. The present project aims to design and propose a system to provide fastening elements and to saving raw materials, reducing downtime and improving workstation ergonomics for workers in an automotive industry, with the aim of improving production processes, but it could be applied in other industrial sector.","PeriodicalId":339921,"journal":{"name":"Revista Tecnologías en Procesos Industriales","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131662377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.35429/jtip.2022.15.6.18.24
Manuel Meraz-Méndez, E. Reynoso-Jardón, Guadalupe Corral-Ramírez
Nowadays, precision machining processes have been widely used in the manufacture of products mainly focused on aerospace, automotive, mold manufacturing and various types of products that demand high production volumes, precision and surface quality. However, these manufacturing processes are not exempt from errors and failures during the machining process. Recent studies found that the main errors are due to the interpretation of the information in the manufacturing drawings due to lack of experience or training of the personnel. This research project aims to eliminate errors due to misinterpretation of information in Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machining processes through the implementation of a methodology to develop Augmented Reality (AR) applications for the interpretation of manufacturing drawings. Its main contribution is to provide virtual support to the operating personnel obtaining multiple benefits such as reducing downtime due to failures in the machining process, ensuring the optimal operation of the machines, avoiding collisions of the tools and ensuring the quality of the products.
{"title":"Methodology for the development of augmented reality applications for the elimination of errors in the interpretation of manufacturing drawings","authors":"Manuel Meraz-Méndez, E. Reynoso-Jardón, Guadalupe Corral-Ramírez","doi":"10.35429/jtip.2022.15.6.18.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35429/jtip.2022.15.6.18.24","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, precision machining processes have been widely used in the manufacture of products mainly focused on aerospace, automotive, mold manufacturing and various types of products that demand high production volumes, precision and surface quality. However, these manufacturing processes are not exempt from errors and failures during the machining process. Recent studies found that the main errors are due to the interpretation of the information in the manufacturing drawings due to lack of experience or training of the personnel. This research project aims to eliminate errors due to misinterpretation of information in Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machining processes through the implementation of a methodology to develop Augmented Reality (AR) applications for the interpretation of manufacturing drawings. Its main contribution is to provide virtual support to the operating personnel obtaining multiple benefits such as reducing downtime due to failures in the machining process, ensuring the optimal operation of the machines, avoiding collisions of the tools and ensuring the quality of the products.","PeriodicalId":339921,"journal":{"name":"Revista Tecnologías en Procesos Industriales","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117311308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This project shows the integration of a didactic prototype of a robotic manufacturing cell for the programming of welding trajectories in a chassis. The purpose of this project is to integrate the robotic cell through the interaction of the controller of an industrial robot, a programmable logic controller (PLC) and a power transmission system for the positioning of a chassis for didactic purposes for students studying engineering in the area of Industrial Automation. To carry out the project, a scale chassis for a tractor and its support base was first manufactured, then the control of a stepper motor was carried out through a SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1214C PLC and a microstep driver module. The programming software COSIMIR from FESTO was also used to program the welding trajectories in a Mitsubishi RV-2AJ robot with 5 degrees of freedom that interacts with the PLC through input and output digital modules. Finally, it was possible to obtain a functional prototype of a robotic manufacturing cell that can be used for teaching robot trajectory programming and that is closely related to industrial machines.
这个项目展示了一个机器人制造单元的教学原型的集成，用于在底盘中编程焊接轨迹。这个项目的目的是通过一个工业机器人的控制器，一个可编程逻辑控制器(PLC)和一个动力传输系统的相互作用来集成机器人单元，以定位一个底盘，为工业自动化领域的工程学生提供教学目的。为了实现该项目，首先制造了拖拉机的规模底盘及其支撑底座，然后通过SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1214C PLC和微步驱动模块对步进电机进行控制。利用FESTO公司的COSIMIR编程软件对三菱RV-2AJ五自由度机器人的焊接轨迹进行编程，该机器人通过输入输出数字模块与PLC进行交互。最后，有可能获得机器人制造单元的功能原型，该原型可用于机器人轨迹编程教学，并且与工业机械密切相关。
{"title":"Didactic prototype of a robotic manufacturing cell to program welding trajectories in a frame","authors":"Arturo Mandujano-Nava, Mauro Paz-Cabrera, Tomás Serrano-Ramírez, Jesús Chihuaque-Álcantar","doi":"10.35429/jtip.2022.14.6.15.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35429/jtip.2022.14.6.15.21","url":null,"abstract":"This project shows the integration of a didactic prototype of a robotic manufacturing cell for the programming of welding trajectories in a chassis. The purpose of this project is to integrate the robotic cell through the interaction of the controller of an industrial robot, a programmable logic controller (PLC) and a power transmission system for the positioning of a chassis for didactic purposes for students studying engineering in the area of Industrial Automation. To carry out the project, a scale chassis for a tractor and its support base was first manufactured, then the control of a stepper motor was carried out through a SIMATIC S7-1200 CPU 1214C PLC and a microstep driver module. The programming software COSIMIR from FESTO was also used to program the welding trajectories in a Mitsubishi RV-2AJ robot with 5 degrees of freedom that interacts with the PLC through input and output digital modules. Finally, it was possible to obtain a functional prototype of a robotic manufacturing cell that can be used for teaching robot trajectory programming and that is closely related to industrial machines.","PeriodicalId":339921,"journal":{"name":"Revista Tecnologías en Procesos Industriales","volume":"151 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116524689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.35429/jtip.2022.14.6.10.14
A. Delgado-Hernandez, B. González-Vizcarra, M. Siqueiros-Hernandez, M. Ávila-Puc
The objective of this writing is to develop a methodology for the manufacture of a spur gear prototype using conventional machine tools. The purpose of this article is to help scientists and engineering students who need a guide to manufacture this type of elements that are part of a mechanical system for the transmission of movement and force. This study intends a comprehensive analysis of each step used for the manufacture of a spur gear, which allows in an objective way to determine the cutting tools and equipment necessary to carry out its manufacture, starting from the design of the element in question and applying the technical formulas necessary to adjust the parameters in the machining of the part. The methodological approach for this study has been determined based on the practical skills and experience that are paramount in the use of conventional machines. As a contribution we can say that with this methodology it will be possible to eliminate many previous problems in terms of planning and the lack of experience in handling conventional tools.
{"title":"Spur gear manufacturing using conventional machine tools","authors":"A. Delgado-Hernandez, B. González-Vizcarra, M. Siqueiros-Hernandez, M. Ávila-Puc","doi":"10.35429/jtip.2022.14.6.10.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35429/jtip.2022.14.6.10.14","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this writing is to develop a methodology for the manufacture of a spur gear prototype using conventional machine tools. The purpose of this article is to help scientists and engineering students who need a guide to manufacture this type of elements that are part of a mechanical system for the transmission of movement and force. This study intends a comprehensive analysis of each step used for the manufacture of a spur gear, which allows in an objective way to determine the cutting tools and equipment necessary to carry out its manufacture, starting from the design of the element in question and applying the technical formulas necessary to adjust the parameters in the machining of the part. The methodological approach for this study has been determined based on the practical skills and experience that are paramount in the use of conventional machines. As a contribution we can say that with this methodology it will be possible to eliminate many previous problems in terms of planning and the lack of experience in handling conventional tools.","PeriodicalId":339921,"journal":{"name":"Revista Tecnologías en Procesos Industriales","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128436569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.35429/jtip.2022.14.6.1.9
Jorge Duarte-Loera, E. Reynoso-Jardón, Abelardo Díaz-Rivera, David Daniel Arámbula-Ledezma
In the industry it is very common for failures to occur in machinery and equipment such as poorly lubricated elements; friction between mechanical elements; gas or vacuum leaks in pressurized systems; and electric arcs in motors, transformers and electrical installations. Each of these faults emits ultrasound and can be detected early using an ultrasonic detector. The objective of this work is to present a proposal for the development of a system capable of opportunely detecting the ultrasound emitted by faults, which is very useful for predictive maintenance. The methodology consists of the development of a system that detects the ultrasound decibels emitted by the fault using an ultrasonic sensor of the last generation, and the necessary interfaces. Ultrasound decibels will increase exponentially in the presence of these flaws, allowing their detection. This document offers an alternative for the development of an ultrasonic system useful in predictive maintenance, which is within the reach of any company.
{"title":"Ultrasonic detector for predictive maintenance","authors":"Jorge Duarte-Loera, E. Reynoso-Jardón, Abelardo Díaz-Rivera, David Daniel Arámbula-Ledezma","doi":"10.35429/jtip.2022.14.6.1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35429/jtip.2022.14.6.1.9","url":null,"abstract":"In the industry it is very common for failures to occur in machinery and equipment such as poorly lubricated elements; friction between mechanical elements; gas or vacuum leaks in pressurized systems; and electric arcs in motors, transformers and electrical installations. Each of these faults emits ultrasound and can be detected early using an ultrasonic detector. The objective of this work is to present a proposal for the development of a system capable of opportunely detecting the ultrasound emitted by faults, which is very useful for predictive maintenance. The methodology consists of the development of a system that detects the ultrasound decibels emitted by the fault using an ultrasonic sensor of the last generation, and the necessary interfaces. Ultrasound decibels will increase exponentially in the presence of these flaws, allowing their detection. This document offers an alternative for the development of an ultrasonic system useful in predictive maintenance, which is within the reach of any company.","PeriodicalId":339921,"journal":{"name":"Revista Tecnologías en Procesos Industriales","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129996188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.35429/jtip.2022.14.6.22.27
José David Mendoza-Olivares, Irma Martínez-Carrillo, Carlos Juárez-Toledo, Emilio Barocio-Espejo
Plastic Container Manufacturing Process, many equipment has been developed for the detection of defects, for example: vision cameras, pressure test leak testers, colorimeters, hermeticity cameras, etc. each form is designed to detect a specific defect, it is updated as technology improves. Currently, the industry has opted for the use of microcontrollers that help automate industrial processes, one of the most used micros is Arduino due to its simplicity of programming and low cost of operation. The objective of this work is to apply an Arduino system for the monitoring of pressure leak testers in plastic containers. Finally, the paper shows the possible change of a particular system based on PLC with ladder logic language, by a simple system based on microcontrollers.
{"title":"Design and construction of pressure leak testers through the analysis of the filling level for the detection of defects in the nozzle of plastic containers","authors":"José David Mendoza-Olivares, Irma Martínez-Carrillo, Carlos Juárez-Toledo, Emilio Barocio-Espejo","doi":"10.35429/jtip.2022.14.6.22.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35429/jtip.2022.14.6.22.27","url":null,"abstract":"Plastic Container Manufacturing Process, many equipment has been developed for the detection of defects, for example: vision cameras, pressure test leak testers, colorimeters, hermeticity cameras, etc. each form is designed to detect a specific defect, it is updated as technology improves. Currently, the industry has opted for the use of microcontrollers that help automate industrial processes, one of the most used micros is Arduino due to its simplicity of programming and low cost of operation. The objective of this work is to apply an Arduino system for the monitoring of pressure leak testers in plastic containers. Finally, the paper shows the possible change of a particular system based on PLC with ladder logic language, by a simple system based on microcontrollers.","PeriodicalId":339921,"journal":{"name":"Revista Tecnologías en Procesos Industriales","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130232756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.35429/jtip.2021.13.5.8.15
J. Rosales-Davalos, Ma. Angeles Enríquez-Pérez, Roberto López-Ramírez, J. E. Mastache-Mastache
The objective of this research consists of the design, construction and automation of the electrospinning mechatronic system to obtain nanofibers. As a first stage, the structure of the electrospinning mechatronic system and the distribution, injection and manifold system were designed and built. In the second stage, the open-loop control system was outlined and implemented. It is made up of: control, isolation stage, and the plant. In the first element, the LabView interface and ATMega2560 microcontroller were used to manipulate the variables of the injection speed and distribution of the solution, the speed of the nanofiber collector and the height between the capillary tube and the collector, the magnitude of the temperature and humidity from the environment, also, the graphic interface was developed, the second element consists of isolating the control and power stage in addition to amplifying the command signals and enabling the correction elements, the third element receiving the signals from the power stage to perform the action and produce a change in the controlled variables in the process. With this prototype, it is intended to obtain nanofibers from different polymer solutions for use in the area of catalysis and biomaterials.
{"title":"Design and Automation of a vertical electrospinning system for manufacturing nanofibers","authors":"J. Rosales-Davalos, Ma. Angeles Enríquez-Pérez, Roberto López-Ramírez, J. E. Mastache-Mastache","doi":"10.35429/jtip.2021.13.5.8.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35429/jtip.2021.13.5.8.15","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this research consists of the design, construction and automation of the electrospinning mechatronic system to obtain nanofibers. As a first stage, the structure of the electrospinning mechatronic system and the distribution, injection and manifold system were designed and built. In the second stage, the open-loop control system was outlined and implemented. It is made up of: control, isolation stage, and the plant. In the first element, the LabView interface and ATMega2560 microcontroller were used to manipulate the variables of the injection speed and distribution of the solution, the speed of the nanofiber collector and the height between the capillary tube and the collector, the magnitude of the temperature and humidity from the environment, also, the graphic interface was developed, the second element consists of isolating the control and power stage in addition to amplifying the command signals and enabling the correction elements, the third element receiving the signals from the power stage to perform the action and produce a change in the controlled variables in the process. With this prototype, it is intended to obtain nanofibers from different polymer solutions for use in the area of catalysis and biomaterials.","PeriodicalId":339921,"journal":{"name":"Revista Tecnologías en Procesos Industriales","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117242629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.35429/jtip.2021.13.5.22.28
B. Castillo‐Téllez, M. Castillo-Téllez, G. A. Mejía-Pérez, Carlos Jesahel Vega Gómez
In celery, leaves, roots, and fruit contain a high value in medicinal properties and are used to prepare syrups, tinctures, infusions, or oils; however, its leaves are commonly discarded, wasting their nutritional and medicinal content. The dehydration of these leaves is a conservation option, increasing their shelf life. This study analyzes direct and mixed solar drying (SD and SM) kinetics and their effect on celery leaves. The moisture contents, drying rate, water activity, and colorimetry were obtained. Moreover, the fitting of experimental data to the mathematical models proposed in the literature. The moisture content stabilized at 150 min in the SM at the shortest time with a maximum drying rate of 0.1179 g∙water/g∙ dm∙min. The initial and final water activity was 0.98 and 0.412 in the SM and 0.403 in the SD. The SD better conserved the leaf color, with a total color change (ΔE) of 2.56, while the value obtained with the SM was 5.42. The experimental results of both technologies were better adjusted to the model Two exponential terms with an R² of 0.999. The results show that the solar drying of the celery leaves is feasible, and a quality product is obtained sustainably.
{"title":"Kinetics, modeling and colorimetry of celery leaves dehydration by direct and mixed solar drying","authors":"B. Castillo‐Téllez, M. Castillo-Téllez, G. A. Mejía-Pérez, Carlos Jesahel Vega Gómez","doi":"10.35429/jtip.2021.13.5.22.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35429/jtip.2021.13.5.22.28","url":null,"abstract":"In celery, leaves, roots, and fruit contain a high value in medicinal properties and are used to prepare syrups, tinctures, infusions, or oils; however, its leaves are commonly discarded, wasting their nutritional and medicinal content. The dehydration of these leaves is a conservation option, increasing their shelf life. This study analyzes direct and mixed solar drying (SD and SM) kinetics and their effect on celery leaves. The moisture contents, drying rate, water activity, and colorimetry were obtained. Moreover, the fitting of experimental data to the mathematical models proposed in the literature. The moisture content stabilized at 150 min in the SM at the shortest time with a maximum drying rate of 0.1179 g∙water/g∙ dm∙min. The initial and final water activity was 0.98 and 0.412 in the SM and 0.403 in the SD. The SD better conserved the leaf color, with a total color change (ΔE) of 2.56, while the value obtained with the SM was 5.42. The experimental results of both technologies were better adjusted to the model Two exponential terms with an R² of 0.999. The results show that the solar drying of the celery leaves is feasible, and a quality product is obtained sustainably.","PeriodicalId":339921,"journal":{"name":"Revista Tecnologías en Procesos Industriales","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127445435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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