M. Lange, D. Cabana, Anna Ebeling, R. Ebinghaus, Hanna Joerss, Lena Rölfer, L. Celliers
{"title":"Climate-smart socially innovative tools and approaches for marine pollution science in support of sustainable development","authors":"M. Lange, D. Cabana, Anna Ebeling, R. Ebinghaus, Hanna Joerss, Lena Rölfer, L. Celliers","doi":"10.1017/cft.2023.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cft.2023.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":340199,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Prisms: Coastal Futures","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122120546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Liggett, D. Cajiao, M. Lamers, Yu-Fai Leung, Emma J. Stewart
Over the last couple of decades, polar tourism has significantly grown in the number of visitors and diversified in terms of the tourism activities offered. The COVID-19 pandemic brought polar tourism to a halt and has prompted researchers, operators and policy-makers alike to reflect on how Arctic and Antarctic tourism have developed, how they are being managed and governed and, importantly, how tourism operators influence polar socio-ecological systems. Given the dominance of ship-based tourism over other types of tourism in the Polar Regions, we discuss the cornerstones of how polar ship-based tourism has developed over the last 50 years and explore the relevant international and regional governance regimes in this article. We identify which positive and negative biophysical, socio-cultural and economic impacts arising from polar tourism have been identified by researchers. It is difficult, if not impossible, to disentangle impacts caused by tourism alone from those that result from the interactions of multiple pressures at all levels (local, regional and global), and more research is needed to develop reliable and effective indicators to monitor tourism impacts. In addition, a better understanding is needed about the role tourist experiences might play in potentially encouraging long-term positive behavioural changes among visitors to the Polar Regions. The COVID-19 pandemic has provided an important opportunity to review polar tourism development and management, and to ask whether an emphasis should be placed on ‘ degrowth ’ of the sector in the future.
{"title":"The future of sustainable polar ship-based tourism","authors":"D. Liggett, D. Cajiao, M. Lamers, Yu-Fai Leung, Emma J. Stewart","doi":"10.1017/cft.2023.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cft.2023.10","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last couple of decades, polar tourism has significantly grown in the number of visitors and diversified in terms of the tourism activities offered. The COVID-19 pandemic brought polar tourism to a halt and has prompted researchers, operators and policy-makers alike to reflect on how Arctic and Antarctic tourism have developed, how they are being managed and governed and, importantly, how tourism operators influence polar socio-ecological systems. Given the dominance of ship-based tourism over other types of tourism in the Polar Regions, we discuss the cornerstones of how polar ship-based tourism has developed over the last 50 years and explore the relevant international and regional governance regimes in this article. We identify which positive and negative biophysical, socio-cultural and economic impacts arising from polar tourism have been identified by researchers. It is difficult, if not impossible, to disentangle impacts caused by tourism alone from those that result from the interactions of multiple pressures at all levels (local, regional and global), and more research is needed to develop reliable and effective indicators to monitor tourism impacts. In addition, a better understanding is needed about the role tourist experiences might play in potentially encouraging long-term positive behavioural changes among visitors to the Polar Regions. The COVID-19 pandemic has provided an important opportunity to review polar tourism development and management, and to ask whether an emphasis should be placed on ‘ degrowth ’ of the sector in the future.","PeriodicalId":340199,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Prisms: Coastal Futures","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130158236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ocean acidification (OA) refers to a global decline in the average pH of seawater driven by the absorption of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). Marine macroalgae, while affected by this pH change, are also able to modify seawater pH through their own interaction with inorganic carbon in the carbonate system. Through this action, macroalgae-dominated habitats are potential refugia from OA for associated marine species. This review summarises the most prominent literature on the role of macroalgae in OA mitigation and the potential of macroalgal habitats to serve as OA refugia. It includes a brief overview of macroalgal distribution in an effort to illustrate where such refugia might be most prevalent. Macroalgae influence seawater carbonate chemistry through the absorption of CO 2 and HCO 3 (cid:1) during photosynthesis, raising surrounding seawater pH in the process. This transient effect on seawater chemistry could provide some respite from the negative effects of OA for many marine species. This refuge role varies over a range of scales along with macroalgal architecture, which varies in size from low-growing turfs to large canopy-forming stands. The associated pH changes can range over various temporal (daily and seasonal) and spatial (from centimetre to kilometre) scales. Areas of high macroalgal biomass are likely to play an important role as significant OA refugia. Such communities are distributed widely throughout the globe. Large brown macroalgae (Laminariales) dominated communities are common in temperate regions, while members of the Fucales are responsible for substantial macroalgal stands in warmer tropical regions. These marine fields and forests have great potential to serve as localised refuges from OA. While more work needs to be done to clarify the effect of macroalgal communities on seawater pH
{"title":"The role of macroalgal habitats as ocean acidification refugia within coastal seascapes","authors":"C. Edworthy, P. Steyn, N. James","doi":"10.1017/cft.2023.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cft.2023.9","url":null,"abstract":"Ocean acidification (OA) refers to a global decline in the average pH of seawater driven by the absorption of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). Marine macroalgae, while affected by this pH change, are also able to modify seawater pH through their own interaction with inorganic carbon in the carbonate system. Through this action, macroalgae-dominated habitats are potential refugia from OA for associated marine species. This review summarises the most prominent literature on the role of macroalgae in OA mitigation and the potential of macroalgal habitats to serve as OA refugia. It includes a brief overview of macroalgal distribution in an effort to illustrate where such refugia might be most prevalent. Macroalgae influence seawater carbonate chemistry through the absorption of CO 2 and HCO 3 (cid:1) during photosynthesis, raising surrounding seawater pH in the process. This transient effect on seawater chemistry could provide some respite from the negative effects of OA for many marine species. This refuge role varies over a range of scales along with macroalgal architecture, which varies in size from low-growing turfs to large canopy-forming stands. The associated pH changes can range over various temporal (daily and seasonal) and spatial (from centimetre to kilometre) scales. Areas of high macroalgal biomass are likely to play an important role as significant OA refugia. Such communities are distributed widely throughout the globe. Large brown macroalgae (Laminariales) dominated communities are common in temperate regions, while members of the Fucales are responsible for substantial macroalgal stands in warmer tropical regions. These marine fields and forests have great potential to serve as localised refuges from OA. While more work needs to be done to clarify the effect of macroalgal communities on seawater pH","PeriodicalId":340199,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Prisms: Coastal Futures","volume":"350 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134145280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Given the inevitability of sea-level rise, investigating processes of human-altered coastlines at the intermediate timescales of years to decades can sometimes feel like an exercise in futility. Returning to the big picture and long view of feedbacks, emergent dynamics, and wider context, here we offer 10 existential questions for research into human – coastal coupled systems.
{"title":"Human–coastal coupled systems: ten questions","authors":"D. McNamara, E. Lazarus, E. Goldstein","doi":"10.1017/cft.2023.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cft.2023.8","url":null,"abstract":"Given the inevitability of sea-level rise, investigating processes of human-altered coastlines at the intermediate timescales of years to decades can sometimes feel like an exercise in futility. Returning to the big picture and long view of feedbacks, emergent dynamics, and wider context, here we offer 10 existential questions for research into human – coastal coupled systems.","PeriodicalId":340199,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Prisms: Coastal Futures","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123499033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Dai, Yangyang Zhao, F. Chai, Mingru Chen, Nengwang Chen, Yimin Chen, Danyang Cheng, J. Gan, Dabo Guan, Yuanyuan Hong, Jialu Huang, Yanting Lee, Kenneth W. Y. Leung, Phaik Eem Lim, Senjie Lin, Xin Lin, Xin Liu, Zhiqiang Liu, Ya‐Wei Luo, Feifei Meng, C. Sangmanee, Yuan Shen, Khanittha Uthaipan, Wan Izatul Asma Wan Talaat, X. Wan, Cong Wang, Dazhi Wang, Guizhi Wang, Shanlin Wang, Yanmin Wang, Yuntao Wang, Zhe Wang, Zhixuan Wang, Yanping Xu, J. Yang, Yan Yang, M. Yasuhara, Dan Yu, Jianmin Yu, Liuqian Yu, Zengkai Zhang, Zhou-xiang Zhang
Coastaleutrophicationandhypoxiaremainapersistentenvironmentalcrisisdespitethegreateffortstoreducenutrientloadingandmitigateassociatedenvironmentaldamages.Symptomsofthiscrisis haveappearedtospreadrapidly,reachingdevelopingcountriesinAsiawithemergencesinSouthern AmericaandAfrica.Thepaceofchangesandtheunderlyingdriversremainnotsoclear.Toaddress the gap, we review the up-to-date status and mechanisms of eutrophication and hypoxia in global coastal oceans, upon which we examine the trajectories of changes over the 40 years or longer in six model coastal systems with varying socio-economic development statuses and different levels and histories of eutrophication. Although these coastal systems share common features of eutrophication, site-specific characteristics are also substantial, depending on the regional environmental setting and level of social-economic development along with policy implementation and management. Nevertheless, ecosystem recovery generally needs greater reduction in pressures compared to that initiated degradation and becomes less feasible to achieve past norms with a longer time anthropogenic pressures on the ecosystems. While the qualitative causality between drivers and consequences is well established, quantitative attribution of these drivers to eutrophication and hypoxia remains difficult especially when we consider the social economic drivers because the changes in coastal ecosystems are subject to multiple influences and the cause – effect relationship is often non-linear. Such relationships are further complicated by climate changes that have been accelerating over the past few decades. The knowledge gaps that limit our quantitative and mechanistic understanding of the human-coastal ocean nexus are identified, which is essential for science-based policy making. Recognizing lessons from past management practices, we advocate for a better, more efficient indexing system of coastal eutrophication and an advanced regional earth system modeling framework with optimal modules of human dimensions to facilitate the development and evaluation of effective policy and restoration actions.
{"title":"Persistent eutrophication and hypoxia in the coastal ocean","authors":"M. Dai, Yangyang Zhao, F. Chai, Mingru Chen, Nengwang Chen, Yimin Chen, Danyang Cheng, J. Gan, Dabo Guan, Yuanyuan Hong, Jialu Huang, Yanting Lee, Kenneth W. Y. Leung, Phaik Eem Lim, Senjie Lin, Xin Lin, Xin Liu, Zhiqiang Liu, Ya‐Wei Luo, Feifei Meng, C. Sangmanee, Yuan Shen, Khanittha Uthaipan, Wan Izatul Asma Wan Talaat, X. Wan, Cong Wang, Dazhi Wang, Guizhi Wang, Shanlin Wang, Yanmin Wang, Yuntao Wang, Zhe Wang, Zhixuan Wang, Yanping Xu, J. Yang, Yan Yang, M. Yasuhara, Dan Yu, Jianmin Yu, Liuqian Yu, Zengkai Zhang, Zhou-xiang Zhang","doi":"10.1017/cft.2023.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cft.2023.7","url":null,"abstract":"Coastaleutrophicationandhypoxiaremainapersistentenvironmentalcrisisdespitethegreateffortstoreducenutrientloadingandmitigateassociatedenvironmentaldamages.Symptomsofthiscrisis haveappearedtospreadrapidly,reachingdevelopingcountriesinAsiawithemergencesinSouthern AmericaandAfrica.Thepaceofchangesandtheunderlyingdriversremainnotsoclear.Toaddress the gap, we review the up-to-date status and mechanisms of eutrophication and hypoxia in global coastal oceans, upon which we examine the trajectories of changes over the 40 years or longer in six model coastal systems with varying socio-economic development statuses and different levels and histories of eutrophication. Although these coastal systems share common features of eutrophication, site-specific characteristics are also substantial, depending on the regional environmental setting and level of social-economic development along with policy implementation and management. Nevertheless, ecosystem recovery generally needs greater reduction in pressures compared to that initiated degradation and becomes less feasible to achieve past norms with a longer time anthropogenic pressures on the ecosystems. While the qualitative causality between drivers and consequences is well established, quantitative attribution of these drivers to eutrophication and hypoxia remains difficult especially when we consider the social economic drivers because the changes in coastal ecosystems are subject to multiple influences and the cause – effect relationship is often non-linear. Such relationships are further complicated by climate changes that have been accelerating over the past few decades. The knowledge gaps that limit our quantitative and mechanistic understanding of the human-coastal ocean nexus are identified, which is essential for science-based policy making. Recognizing lessons from past management practices, we advocate for a better, more efficient indexing system of coastal eutrophication and an advanced regional earth system modeling framework with optimal modules of human dimensions to facilitate the development and evaluation of effective policy and restoration actions.","PeriodicalId":340199,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Prisms: Coastal Futures","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116278938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. A. Willsteed, L. New, J. O. Ansong, V. Hin, K. Searle, A. Cook
Quantifying and managing the cumulative effects of human activities on coastal and marine environments is among the foremost challenges in enabling sustainable development in the twenty-first century. As the speed with which these environments are changing increases, there is greater impetus to resolve the evident problems facing governance systems responsible for managing cumulative impacts. Policymakers and regulators recognise the need to assess and manage cumulative effects, as evidenced by widespread legislation requiring cumulative effects assessment (CEA). Yet there is ample evidence that we are not turning the tide in terms of balancing good environmental health with increasing demands of already degraded coastal and marine spaces that are increasingly impacted by climate change. This paper reviews the current state of knowledge regarding scientific and practical advances in CEA, assesses whether these advances are being applied in decision-making and identifies where challenges to implementation exist. Priority research questions are formulated to accelerate the inclusion of effective CEA in marine and coastal planning and management.
{"title":"Advances in cumulative effects assessment and application in marine and coastal management","authors":"E. A. Willsteed, L. New, J. O. Ansong, V. Hin, K. Searle, A. Cook","doi":"10.1017/cft.2023.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cft.2023.6","url":null,"abstract":"Quantifying and managing the cumulative effects of human activities on coastal and marine environments is among the foremost challenges in enabling sustainable development in the twenty-first century. As the speed with which these environments are changing increases, there is greater impetus to resolve the evident problems facing governance systems responsible for managing cumulative impacts. Policymakers and regulators recognise the need to assess and manage cumulative effects, as evidenced by widespread legislation requiring cumulative effects assessment (CEA). Yet there is ample evidence that we are not turning the tide in terms of balancing good environmental health with increasing demands of already degraded coastal and marine spaces that are increasingly impacted by climate change. This paper reviews the current state of knowledge regarding scientific and practical advances in CEA, assesses whether these advances are being applied in decision-making and identifies where challenges to implementation exist. Priority research questions are formulated to accelerate the inclusion of effective CEA in marine and coastal planning and management.","PeriodicalId":340199,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Prisms: Coastal Futures","volume":"11 15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122180187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emily Hunt, M. Davidson, E. Steele, Jessica D. Amies, Timothy Scott, P. Russell
Climate change is resulting in global changes to sea level and wave climates, which in many locations significantly increase the probability of erosion, flooding and damage to coastal infrastructure and ecosystems. Therefore, there is a pressing societal need to be able to forecast the morphological evolution of our coastlines over a broad range of timescales, spanning days-to-decades, facilitating more focused, appropriate and cost-effective management interventions and data-informed planning to support the development of coastal environments. A wide range of modelling approaches have been used with varying degrees of success to assess both the detailed morphological evolution and/or simplified indicators of coastal erosion/accretion. This paper presents an overview of these modelling approaches, covering the full range of the complexity spectrum and summarising the advantages and disadvantages of each method. A focus is given to reduced-complexity modelling approaches, including models based on equilibrium concepts, which have emerged as a particularly promising methodology for the prediction of coastal change over multi-decadal timescales. The advantages of stable, computationally-efficient, reduced-complexity models must be balanced against the requirement for good generality and skill in diverse and complex coastal settings. Significant obstacles are also identified, limiting the generic application of models at regional and global scales. Challenges include the accurate long-term prediction of model forcing time-series in a changing climate, and accounting for processes that can largely be ignored in the shorter term but increase in importance in the long term. Further complications include coastal complexities, such as the accurate assessment of the impacts of headland bypassing. Additional complexities include complex structures and geology, mixed grain size, limited sediment supply, sources and sinks. It is concluded that with present computational resources, data availability limitations and process knowledge gaps, reduced-complexity modelling approaches currently offer the most promising solution to modelling shoreline evolution on daily-to-decadal timescales.
{"title":"Shoreline modelling on timescales of days to decades","authors":"Emily Hunt, M. Davidson, E. Steele, Jessica D. Amies, Timothy Scott, P. Russell","doi":"10.1017/cft.2023.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cft.2023.5","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is resulting in global changes to sea level and wave climates, which in many locations significantly increase the probability of erosion, flooding and damage to coastal infrastructure and ecosystems. Therefore, there is a pressing societal need to be able to forecast the morphological evolution of our coastlines over a broad range of timescales, spanning days-to-decades, facilitating more focused, appropriate and cost-effective management interventions and data-informed planning to support the development of coastal environments. A wide range of modelling approaches have been used with varying degrees of success to assess both the detailed morphological evolution and/or simplified indicators of coastal erosion/accretion. This paper presents an overview of these modelling approaches, covering the full range of the complexity spectrum and summarising the advantages and disadvantages of each method. A focus is given to reduced-complexity modelling approaches, including models based on equilibrium concepts, which have emerged as a particularly promising methodology for the prediction of coastal change over multi-decadal timescales. The advantages of stable, computationally-efficient, reduced-complexity models must be balanced against the requirement for good generality and skill in diverse and complex coastal settings. Significant obstacles are also identified, limiting the generic application of models at regional and global scales. Challenges include the accurate long-term prediction of model forcing time-series in a changing climate, and accounting for processes that can largely be ignored in the shorter term but increase in importance in the long term. Further complications include coastal complexities, such as the accurate assessment of the impacts of headland bypassing. Additional complexities include complex structures and geology, mixed grain size, limited sediment supply, sources and sinks. It is concluded that with present computational resources, data availability limitations and process knowledge gaps, reduced-complexity modelling approaches currently offer the most promising solution to modelling shoreline evolution on daily-to-decadal timescales.","PeriodicalId":340199,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Prisms: Coastal Futures","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116868699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Population development as a driver of coastal risk: Current trends and future pathways","authors":"L. Reimann, A. Vafeidis, Lars E. Honsel","doi":"10.1017/cft.2023.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cft.2023.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":340199,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Prisms: Coastal Futures","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130477246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Blythe, D. Gill, J. Claudet, Nathan J. Bennett, G. Gurney, J. Baggio, Natalie Ban, Miranda L. Bernard, Victor Brun, E. Darling, A. Di Franco, G. Epstein, P. Franks, R. Horan, S. Jupiter, Jacqueline Lau, Natali Lazzari, Shauna L. Mahajan, S. Mangubhai, Josheena Naggea, Rachel S. Turner, Noelia Zafra‐Calvo
The term “ blue justice ” was coined in 2018 during the 3rd World Small-Scale Fisheries Congress. Since then, academic engagement with the concept has grown rapidly. This article reviews 5 years of blue justice scholarship and synthesizes some of the key perspectives, developments, and gaps. We then connect this literature to wider relevant debates by reviewing two key areas of research – first on blueinjusticesandsecondongrassrootsresistancetotheseinjustices.Muchoftheearlyscholarshipon bluejusticefocusedoninjusticesexperiencedbysmall-scalefishersinthecontextoftheblueeconomy. Incontrast,morerecentwritingandtheempiricalcasesreviewedheresuggestthatintersectingforms ofoppressionrendercertaincoastalindividualsandgroupsvulnerabletoblueinjustices.These developmentssignalanexpansionofthebluejusticeliteraturetoabroadersetofaffectedgroupsand underlyingcausesofinjustice.Ourreviewalsosuggeststhatwhilegrassrootsresistanceeffortsledby coastal communities have successfully stopped unfair exposure to environmental harms, preserved their livelihoods and ways of life, defended their culture and customary rights, renegotiated power distributions, and proposed alternative futures, these efforts have been underemphasized in the blue justice scholarship, and from marine and coastal literature more broadly. We conclude with some suggestions for understanding and supporting blue justice now and into the future.
{"title":"Blue justice: a review of emerging scholarship and resistance movements","authors":"J. Blythe, D. Gill, J. Claudet, Nathan J. Bennett, G. Gurney, J. Baggio, Natalie Ban, Miranda L. Bernard, Victor Brun, E. Darling, A. Di Franco, G. Epstein, P. Franks, R. Horan, S. Jupiter, Jacqueline Lau, Natali Lazzari, Shauna L. Mahajan, S. Mangubhai, Josheena Naggea, Rachel S. Turner, Noelia Zafra‐Calvo","doi":"10.1017/cft.2023.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cft.2023.4","url":null,"abstract":"The term “ blue justice ” was coined in 2018 during the 3rd World Small-Scale Fisheries Congress. Since then, academic engagement with the concept has grown rapidly. This article reviews 5 years of blue justice scholarship and synthesizes some of the key perspectives, developments, and gaps. We then connect this literature to wider relevant debates by reviewing two key areas of research – first on blueinjusticesandsecondongrassrootsresistancetotheseinjustices.Muchoftheearlyscholarshipon bluejusticefocusedoninjusticesexperiencedbysmall-scalefishersinthecontextoftheblueeconomy. Incontrast,morerecentwritingandtheempiricalcasesreviewedheresuggestthatintersectingforms ofoppressionrendercertaincoastalindividualsandgroupsvulnerabletoblueinjustices.These developmentssignalanexpansionofthebluejusticeliteraturetoabroadersetofaffectedgroupsand underlyingcausesofinjustice.Ourreviewalsosuggeststhatwhilegrassrootsresistanceeffortsledby coastal communities have successfully stopped unfair exposure to environmental harms, preserved their livelihoods and ways of life, defended their culture and customary rights, renegotiated power distributions, and proposed alternative futures, these efforts have been underemphasized in the blue justice scholarship, and from marine and coastal literature more broadly. We conclude with some suggestions for understanding and supporting blue justice now and into the future.","PeriodicalId":340199,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Prisms: Coastal Futures","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133272476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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