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Impacts of different transformation models on remote sensing image registration accuracy based on implicit similarity 基于隐式相似度的不同变换模型对遥感图像配准精度的影响
Pub Date : 2015-08-06 DOI: 10.1117/12.2204788
Q. Ye, Yahui Yao, Popo Gui, Cuifang Ai
How the different transformation models take effects on the registration accuracy based-on implicit similarity between the remote sensing images is the key point of this paper. For registration between SAR and optical imagery, analyze the imaging characteristic of push-broom optical satellite image and SAR image according to their imaging models; study the impacts taken by terrain fluctuation and different transformation models. The DEM and image pairs are simulated in the experiment, the results show: in region of bigger relief, the larger the registration image size, the greater impacts are taken by different transformation models on registration accuracy. Considering the polynomial transformation model leads to the low searching efficiency, affine transformation model regards as the best model for registration, but it has low accuracy and just applies to small images(such as 200x200). For large image (such as 800x800), 8-parameters transformation model is the best choice (balance accuracy and efficiency), but adding the parameters of transformation model (such as 12-parameters) again cannot significantly improve the registration accuracy.
不同的变换模型对基于遥感影像间隐式相似度的配准精度的影响是本文研究的重点。针对SAR与光学影像的配准,根据推扫帚光学卫星影像与SAR影像的成像模型,分析其成像特性;研究地形起伏和不同转换模式对其的影响。实验中对DEM和图像对进行了模拟,结果表明:在地形较大的区域,配准图像尺寸越大,不同变换模型对配准精度的影响越大。考虑到多项式变换模型导致搜索效率低,仿射变换模型被认为是配准的最佳模型,但其精度较低,只适用于小图像(如200x200)。对于大图像(如800x800), 8参数变换模型是最佳选择(平衡精度和效率),但再次增加变换模型的参数(如12参数)并不能显著提高配准精度。
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引用次数: 1
Speed-up matching method with navigation data for UAV remote sensing images of coastal region 海岸带无人机遥感影像导航数据加速匹配方法
Pub Date : 2015-08-06 DOI: 10.1117/12.2204960
Yi Zhang, G. Jiang, Y. Di
UAV remote sensing platform can obtain images of target regions quickly. It has distinct advantages in the detection of oil spill, the emergency response of searching and rescuing, the survey of coastal regions, etc. However, the existing UAV images are difficult to meet the needs of rapid processing, because the amount of their data is too large and the traditional processing methods take too much time in the matching stage. This paper designs a speed-up matching algorithm which utilizes navigation data in UAV to get the elements of exterior orientation. The algorithm is based on the collinearity equation with the flat terrain in the coastal regions. Those elements can be used to compute the original homography matrix and overlapping regions. After extracting interest points by SURF algorithm, the matching method only chooses some points in overlapping regions for matching stage. The algorithm can improve the matching speed , and also can decrease mismatching to improve the accuracy.
无人机遥感平台可以快速获取目标区域的图像。它在溢油探测、搜救应急响应、沿海地区调查等方面具有明显的优势。然而,现有的无人机图像难以满足快速处理的需求,因为其数据量太大,传统的处理方法在匹配阶段花费的时间太长。本文设计了一种利用无人机导航数据获取无人机外部方位要素的加速匹配算法。该算法基于与沿海平坦地形的共线性方程。这些元素可以用来计算原始的单应矩阵和重叠区域。SURF算法提取兴趣点后,匹配方法只选择重叠区域中的部分点进行匹配阶段。该算法不仅可以提高匹配速度,还可以减少不匹配,提高匹配精度。
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引用次数: 4
Research on geometric rectification of the Large FOV Linear Array Whiskbroom Image 大视场线阵扫帚图像几何校正研究
Pub Date : 2015-08-06 DOI: 10.1117/12.2204876
Dianjian Liu, Hui Liu, Hao Dong, Xiao-bo Liu
To solve the geometric distortion problem of large FOV linear array whiskbroom image, a model of multi center central projection collinearity equation was founded considering its whiskbroom and linear CCD imaging feature, and the principle of distortion was analyzed. Based on the rectification method with POS, we introduced the angular position sensor data of the servo system, and restored the geometric imaging process exactly. An indirect rectification scheme aiming at linear array imaging with best scanline searching method was adopted, matrixes for calculating the exterior orientation elements was redesigned. We improved two iterative algorithms for this device, and did comparison and analysis. The rectification for the images of airborne imaging experiment showed ideal effect.
为解决大视场线阵扫频图像的几何畸变问题,考虑其扫频与线阵CCD成像特性,建立了多中心中心投影共线性方程模型,并分析了畸变原理。基于POS的校正方法,引入了伺服系统的角度位置传感器数据,并精确地恢复了几何成像过程。采用针对线阵成像的间接校正方案,采用最佳扫描线搜索法,重新设计了计算外方位元素的矩阵。我们针对该器件改进了两种迭代算法,并进行了对比分析。对航空成像实验图像进行了校正,取得了理想的效果。
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引用次数: 0
On-orbit geometric calibration and validation of Optical-1 HR Optical-1 HR在轨几何定标与验证
Pub Date : 2015-08-06 DOI: 10.1117/12.2204721
Yong-hua Jiang, Guo Zhang, Wen-chao Huang, X. Qin
Owing to relatively simplistic domestic hardware technology and a lack of on-orbit geometric calibration, particularly interior calibration, the positioning accuracies of Optical-1 HR satellites can vary greatly depending on the presence of ground control points (GCPs). Without GCPs, accuracies are typically lower than 100 pixels, whereas when GCPs are plentiful, accuracy is higher than one pixel, demonstrating the potential for a large discrepancy between international optical satellites with the same image resolution. This study investigated a new method of geometric calibration for Optical-1 HR satellites. Experiments were conducted to demonstrate the positive effects on positioning accuracy achieved by the calibration method. After calibration by our method, a positioning accuracy of higher than one pixel was obtained with only a small number of GCPs, which is equivalent to the accuracy of advanced international optical satellites with the same image resolution.
由于相对简单的国内硬件技术和缺乏在轨几何校准,特别是内部校准,Optical-1 HR卫星的定位精度可能因地面控制点(gcp)的存在而有很大差异。没有gcp,精度通常低于100像素,而当gcp充足时,精度高于1像素,这表明具有相同图像分辨率的国际光学卫星之间可能存在很大差异。研究了一种光学一号高分辨率卫星几何定标的新方法。通过实验验证了标定方法对定位精度的积极影响。通过我们的方法标定后,仅使用少量gcp就获得了1个像素以上的定位精度,相当于国际先进光学卫星在相同图像分辨率下的精度。
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引用次数: 0
The simulation of infrared point target detection based on bidirectional oversampling 基于双向过采样的红外点目标检测仿真
Pub Date : 2015-08-06 DOI: 10.1117/12.2205149
Xuanfu Da, Feng Zhou, Linfang Lai
The bidirectional oversampling imaging detection system solved the difficulties of infrared point target detection under the traditional single sampling system, effectively improved the image target detection SNR and reduced the false alarm, and improved the target detection performance. The mathematical modeling and system simulation of both traditional line scanning method and bidirectional oversampling scanning system proved that under the same conditions, the detection rate of bidirectional oversampling system is higher than conventional sampling, while the false alarm rate of bidirectional oversampling system is less than conventional sampling.
双向过采样成像检测系统解决了传统单采样系统下红外点目标检测的困难,有效提高了图像目标检测信噪比,降低了虚警,提高了目标检测性能。通过对传统线扫描方法和双向过采样扫描系统的数学建模和系统仿真,证明在相同条件下,双向过采样系统的检出率高于常规采样,而双向过采样系统的虚警率低于常规采样。
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引用次数: 0
Research on optimal path planning algorithm of task-oriented optical remote sensing satellites 面向任务的光学遥感卫星最优路径规划算法研究
Pub Date : 2015-08-06 DOI: 10.1117/12.2204736
Yunhe Liu, Shengli Xu, Fengjing Liu, Jingpeng Yuan
GEO task-oriented optical remote sensing satellite, is very suitable for long-term continuous monitoring and quick access to imaging. With the development of high resolution optical payload technology and satellite attitude control technology, GEO optical remote sensing satellites will become an important developing trend for aerospace remote sensing satellite in the near future. In the paper, we focused on GEO optical remote sensing satellite plane array stare imaging characteristics and real-time leading mission of earth observation mode, targeted on satisfying needs of the user with the minimum cost of maneuver, and put forward the optimal path planning algorithm centered on transformation from geographic coordinate space to Field of plane, and finally reduced the burden of the control system. In this algorithm, bounded irregular closed area on the ground would be transformed based on coordinate transformation relations in to the reference plane for field of the satellite payload, and then using the branch and bound method to search for feasible solutions, cutting off the non-feasible solution in the solution space based on pruning strategy; and finally trimming some suboptimal feasible solutions based on the optimization index until a feasible solution for the global optimum. Simulation and visualization presentation software testing results verified the feasibility and effectiveness of the strategy.
面向GEO任务的光学遥感卫星,非常适合长期连续监测和快速获取成像。随着高分辨率光学载荷技术和卫星姿态控制技术的发展,地球同步轨道光学遥感卫星将成为航天遥感卫星发展的重要趋势。本文针对GEO光学遥感卫星平面阵列凝视成像特性和对地观测模式的实时主导任务,以最小的机动成本满足用户需求为目标,提出了以地理坐标空间向平面场变换为中心的最优路径规划算法,最终减轻了控制系统的负担。该算法将地面上有界的不规则封闭区域基于卫星载荷场的坐标变换关系转换为参考平面,然后利用分支定界法搜索可行解,基于剪枝策略截断解空间中的不可行解;最后根据优化指标对次优可行解进行精简,直到得到全局最优可行解。仿真和可视化展示软件测试结果验证了该策略的可行性和有效性。
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引用次数: 0
The cross time and space features in remote sensing applications 遥感应用中的跨时空特征
Pub Date : 2015-08-06 DOI: 10.1117/12.2204738
J. X. Lu, W. Song, W. Qu, J. Fu, Z. Pang
Remote sensing is one subject of the modern geomatics, with a high priority for practical applications in which cross time and space analysis is one of its significant features. Object recognition and/or parameter retrieval are normally the first step in remote sensing applications, whereas cross time and space change analysis of those surface objects and/or parameters will make remote sensing applications more valuable. Based on a short review on the historic evolution of remote sensing and its current classification system, the cross time and space features commonly existing in remote sensing applications were discussed. The paper, aiming at improving remote sensing applications and promoting development of the remote sensing subject from a new vision, proposed a methodology based subject classification approach for remote sensing and then suggest to establish the theory of cross time and space remote sensing applications. The authors believe that such a new cross time and space concept meets the demand for new theories and new ideas from remote sensing subject and is of practical help to future remote sensing applications.
遥感是现代地理信息学的一门学科,具有高度优先的实际应用,跨时空分析是其重要特征之一。物体识别和/或参数检索通常是遥感应用的第一步,而对这些地表物体和/或参数的跨时空变化分析将使遥感应用更有价值。在简要回顾遥感技术发展历史及其分类体系的基础上,讨论了遥感技术应用中普遍存在的跨时空特征。本文从新的视角出发,旨在提高遥感应用水平,促进遥感学科的发展,提出了一种基于方法学的遥感学科分类方法,并在此基础上提出建立遥感跨时空应用理论。笔者认为,这种跨时空的新概念符合遥感学科对新理论、新思路的需求,对未来遥感应用具有实际帮助。
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引用次数: 2
Detection of fault structures with airborne LiDAR point-cloud data 基于机载激光雷达点云数据的断层结构检测
Pub Date : 2015-08-06 DOI: 10.1117/12.2204924
Jie Chen, Lei Du
The airborne LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) technology is a new type of aerial earth observation method which can be used to produce high-precision DEM (Digital Elevation Model) quickly and reflect ground surface information directly. Fault structure is one of the key forms of crustal movement, and its quantitative description is the key to the research of crustal movement. The airborne LiDAR point-cloud data is used to detect and extract fault structures automatically based on linear extension, elevation mutation and slope abnormal characteristics. Firstly, the LiDAR point-cloud data is processed to filter out buildings, vegetation and other non-surface information with the TIN (Triangulated Irregular Network) filtering method and Burman model calibration method. TIN and DEM are made from the processed data sequentially. Secondly, linear fault structures are extracted based on dual-threshold method. Finally, high-precision DOM (Digital Orthophoto Map) and other geological knowledge are used to check the accuracy of fault structure extraction. An experiment is carried out in Beiya Village of Yunnan Province, China. With LiDAR technology, results reveal that: the airborne LiDAR point-cloud data can be utilized to extract linear fault structures accurately and automatically, measure information such as height, width and slope of fault structures with high precision, and detect faults in areas with vegetation coverage effectively.
机载激光雷达(LiDAR, Light Detection And Ranging)技术是一种能够快速生成高精度数字高程模型(DEM)并直接反映地表信息的新型航空对地观测方法。断裂构造是地壳运动的关键形式之一,其定量描述是研究地壳运动的关键。利用机载激光雷达点云数据,基于线扩展、高程突变和坡度异常特征,自动检测和提取断层结构。首先,对LiDAR点云数据进行处理,利用TIN (triangated不规则三角网)滤波法和Burman模型定标法过滤掉建筑物、植被等非地表信息;将处理后的数据依次生成TIN和DEM。其次,基于双阈值法提取线性断层结构;最后利用高精度DOM (Digital Orthophoto Map)等地质知识对断层构造提取的精度进行检验。实验在中国云南省北崖村进行。利用激光雷达技术,利用机载激光雷达点云数据可以准确、自动地提取线性断层结构,高精度地测量断层结构的高度、宽度和坡度等信息,有效地检测植被覆盖地区的断层。
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引用次数: 1
Study on light weight design of truss structures of spacecrafts 航天器桁架结构轻量化设计研究
Pub Date : 2015-08-06 DOI: 10.1117/12.2204744
Fuming Zeng, Jianzhong Yang, Jian Wang
Truss structure is usually adopted as the main structure form for spacecrafts due to its high efficiency in supporting concentrated loads. Light-weight design is now becoming the primary concern during conceptual design of spacecrafts. Implementation of light-weight design on truss structure always goes through three processes: topology optimization, size optimization and composites optimization. During each optimization process, appropriate algorithm such as the traditional optimality criterion method, mathematical programming method and the intelligent algorithms which simulate the growth and evolution processes in nature will be selected. According to the practical processes and algorithms, combined with engineering practice and commercial software, summary is made for the implementation of light-weight design on truss structure for spacecrafts.
由于桁架结构能有效地承受集中载荷,因此通常采用桁架结构作为航天器的主要结构形式。在航天器的概念设计中,轻量化设计已成为首要考虑的问题。桁架结构轻量化设计的实现要经过拓扑优化、尺寸优化和复合材料优化三个过程。在每一个优化过程中,都会选择合适的算法,如传统的最优性准则法、数学规划法和模拟自然界生长进化过程的智能算法。根据实际流程和算法,结合工程实践和商业软件,对航天器桁架结构轻量化设计的实施进行了总结。
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引用次数: 1
An integrated compact airborne multispectral imaging system using embedded computer 基于嵌入式计算机的集成型机载多光谱成像系统
Pub Date : 2015-08-06 DOI: 10.1117/12.2204805
Yue Zhang, Li Wang, Xuguo Zhang
An integrated compact airborne multispectral imaging system using embedded computer based control system was developed for small aircraft multispectral imaging application. The multispectral imaging system integrates CMOS camera, filter wheel with eight filters, two-axis stabilized platform, miniature POS (position and orientation system) and embedded computer. The embedded computer has excellent universality and expansibility, and has advantages in volume and weight for airborne platform, so it can meet the requirements of control system of the integrated airborne multispectral imaging system. The embedded computer controls the camera parameters setting, filter wheel and stabilized platform working, image and POS data acquisition, and stores the image and data. The airborne multispectral imaging system can connect peripheral device use the ports of the embedded computer, so the system operation and the stored image data management are easy. This airborne multispectral imaging system has advantages of small volume, multi-function, and good expansibility. The imaging experiment results show that this system has potential for multispectral remote sensing in applications such as resource investigation and environmental monitoring.
针对小型飞机多光谱成像的应用,研制了一种基于嵌入式计算机控制系统的集成型机载多光谱成像系统。该多光谱成像系统集成了CMOS相机、带有8个滤光片的滤光轮、两轴稳定平台、微型POS(定位定位系统)和嵌入式计算机。嵌入式计算机具有良好的通用性和可扩展性,并且在机载平台的体积和重量上具有优势,能够满足机载综合多光谱成像系统控制系统的要求。嵌入式计算机控制相机参数设置,滤光轮和稳定平台工作,图像和POS数据采集,并存储图像和数据。机载多光谱成像系统可以利用嵌入式计算机的接口连接外围设备,便于系统操作和存储图像数据的管理。该机载多光谱成像系统具有体积小、功能多、扩展性好等优点。成像实验结果表明,该系统在资源调查和环境监测等多光谱遥感应用中具有一定的潜力。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
China Symposium on Remote Sensing
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