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2019 IEEE 8th International Conference on Cloud Networking (CloudNet)最新文献

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A Case for Data Centre Traffic Management on Software Programmable Ethernet Switches 基于软件可编程以太网交换机的数据中心流量管理案例
Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/CloudNet47604.2019.9064114
Kamil Tokmakov, M. Sarker, Jörg Domaschka, S. Wesner
Virtualisation first and cloud computing later has led to a consolidation of workload in data centres that also comprises latency-sensitive application domains such as High Performance Computing and telecommunication. These types of applications require strict latency guarantees to maintain their Quality of Service. In virtualised environments with their churn, this demands for adaptability and flexibility to satisfy. At the same time, the mere scale of the infrastructures favours commodity (Ethernet) over specialised (Infiniband) hardware. For that purpose, this paper introduces a novel traffic management algorithm that combines Rate-limited Strict Priority and Deficit round-robin for latency-aware and fair scheduling respectively. In addition, we present an implementation of this algorithm on the bmv2 P4 software switch by evaluating it against standard priority-based and best-effort scheduling.
首先是虚拟化,然后是云计算,这导致了数据中心工作负载的整合,其中还包括对延迟敏感的应用领域,如高性能计算和电信。这些类型的应用程序需要严格的延迟保证来维持其服务质量。在不断变化的虚拟环境中,这需要适应性和灵活性来满足。与此同时,基础设施的规模更倾向于商品(以太网)而不是专用(Infiniband)硬件。为此,本文提出了一种新的流量管理算法,该算法将限速严格优先级和赤字轮询相结合,分别用于延迟感知和公平调度。此外,我们还提出了该算法在bmv2 P4软件交换机上的实现,并根据标准的基于优先级和尽力而为调度对其进行了评估。
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引用次数: 5
Secure File Storage for Android Devices on Public Clouds Android设备在公有云上的安全文件存储
Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/CloudNet47604.2019.9064144
P. Ribeiro, R. Prior, S. Crisóstomo
We propose MCOFS a secure cloud storage system for Android that combines the use of multiple public cloud providers with cryptography and redundancy mechanisms to ensure the confidentiality and availability of files even if one of the providers becomes hostile or suffers catastrophic data loss. Experimental results show that, while there is a performance penalty in comparison to the plain use of a single provider, it is small enough and a fair price to pay for the added guarantees.
MCOFS是一种安全的Android云存储系统,它结合了多个公共云提供商与加密和冗余机制的使用,即使其中一个提供商变得敌对或遭受灾难性的数据丢失,也能确保文件的保密性和可用性。实验结果表明,虽然与单纯使用单个提供者相比存在性能损失,但它足够小,并且为增加的保证付出了公平的代价。
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引用次数: 0
Blockchain provisioning over private cloud computing environments: Availability modeling and cost requirements 私有云计算环境下的区块链供应:可用性建模和成本需求
Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/CloudNet47604.2019.9064125
Carlos Melo, J. Dantas, Ronierison Maciel, Paulo Pereira, Eder Quesado, P. Maciel
This paper proposes and evaluates availability models for blockchain provisioning over cloud computing infrastructures as well as their respective deployment expenses in order to establish a cost × benefit relationship. To demonstrate these models' feasibility, we provide two case studies considering blockchain provisioning over a baseline architecture, and three other alternative redundant environments.
本文提出并评估了基于云计算基础设施的区块链供应的可用性模型及其各自的部署费用,以建立成本×效益关系。为了证明这些模型的可行性,我们提供了两个案例研究,考虑了区块链在基线架构上的供应,以及其他三个备选冗余环境。
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引用次数: 2
Building Dynamic Mapping with CUPS for Next Generation Automotive Edge Computing 利用CUPS为下一代汽车边缘计算构建动态映射
Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/CloudNet47604.2019.9064135
Zhaoxia Sun, P. Du, A. Nakao, L. Zhong, R. Onishi
With the development of IoT and 5G networks, the demand for the next-generation intelligent transportation system has been growing at a rapid pace. Dynamic mapping has been considered one of the key technologies to reduce traffic accidents and congestion in the intelligent transportation system. However, as the number of vehicles keeps growing, a huge volume of mapping traffic may overload the central cloud, leading to serious performance degradation. In this paper, we propose and prototype a CUPS (control and user plane separation)-based edge computing architecture for the dynamic mapping and quantify its benefits by prototyping. There are a couple of merits of our proposal: (i) we can mitigate the overhead of the networks and central cloud because we only need to abstract and send global dynamic mapping information from the edge servers to the central cloud; (ii) we can reduce the response latency since the dynamic mapping traffic can be isolated from other data traffic by being generated and distributed from a local edge server that is deployed closer to the vehicles than the central server in cloud. The capabilities of our system have been quantified. The experimental results have shown our system achieves throughput improvement by more than four times, and response latency reduction by 67.8% compared to the conventional central cloud-based approach. Although these results are still obtained from the preliminary evaluations using our prototype system, we believe that our proposed architecture gives insight into how we utilize CUPS and edge computing to enable efficient dynamic mapping applications.
随着物联网和5G网络的发展,对下一代智能交通系统的需求正在快速增长。在智能交通系统中,动态映射被认为是减少交通事故和拥堵的关键技术之一。然而,随着车辆数量的不断增长,庞大的地图流量可能会使中心云超载,导致性能严重下降。在本文中,我们提出并原型化了一种基于CUPS(控制和用户平面分离)的动态映射边缘计算架构,并通过原型化量化了它的好处。我们的建议有几个优点:(1)我们可以减轻网络和中心云的开销,因为我们只需要从边缘服务器抽象和发送全局动态映射信息到中心云;(ii)我们可以减少响应延迟,因为动态映射流量可以从部署在离车辆更近的本地边缘服务器而不是云中的中央服务器生成和分发,从而与其他数据流量隔离。我们系统的能力已经被量化了。实验结果表明,与传统的基于中央云的方法相比,我们的系统吞吐量提高了4倍以上,响应延迟降低了67.8%。虽然这些结果仍然是从使用我们的原型系统的初步评估中获得的,但我们相信,我们提出的架构使我们能够深入了解如何利用CUPS和边缘计算来实现高效的动态映射应用程序。
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引用次数: 5
Selectivity and Autoscaling as Complementary Defenses for DDoS Protection to Cloud Services 选择性和自动扩展作为云服务DDoS防护的补充防御
Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/CloudNet47604.2019.9064139
J. H. Corrêa, Epaminondas A. Sousa Junior, I. Fonseca, Vivek Nigam, M. Ribeiro, R. Villaça
Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) is becoming an even more complex problem with the migration of these services and applications to shared and centralized cloud infrastructures. Application layer Denial-of-Service attacks (ADDoS) is an special type of DDoS attacks, and the main problem in mitigating these attacks is because attacker requests are similar to legitimate clients. This paper proposes to use the scalability feature of cloud infrastructure as a defense from high-rate DDoS attacks, and selectivity defense to mitigate low-rate ADDoS attacks. Experiments are conducted in an OpenStack cloud environment to show that the combined use of selectivity and autoscaling can be used as a defense against low- and high-rate DDoS attacks.
随着这些服务和应用程序迁移到共享和集中式云基础设施,分布式拒绝服务(DDoS)正成为一个更加复杂的问题。应用层拒绝服务攻击(应用层拒绝服务攻击)是一种特殊类型的DDoS攻击,缓解这些攻击的主要问题是攻击者的请求与合法客户端相似。本文提出利用云基础设施的可扩展性特性来防御高速率DDoS攻击,利用选择性防御来减轻低速率DDoS攻击。在OpenStack云环境中进行的实验表明,选择性和自动扩展的组合使用可以用作防御低速率和高速率DDoS攻击。
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引用次数: 4
Optimizing 5G Networks Processes With Software Defined Networks 利用软件定义网络优化5G网络流程
Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/CloudNet47604.2019.9064067
Geymerson S. Ramos, Rian G. S. Pinheiro, Andre L. L. Aquino
This paper presents a new mathematical multi-objective formulation for the allocation of users in base stations of the evolved packet system architecture, with 5G applications that use software-defined networking. The model minimizes (i) communication cost between base stations and data centers; (ii) handover occurrences; (iii) the communication cost between users and base stations subject to user's bandwidth requirements. The proposed formulation is demonstrated in a simulation with data collected from a user's GPS and base station coordinates. It is verified in the results that the allocations considered the shortest distance, handover average, and network bandwidth availability, as established by our mathematical model.
本文提出了一种新的数学多目标公式,用于在使用软件定义网络的5G应用中,在演进分组系统架构的基站中分配用户。该模型最大限度地减少(i)基站和数据中心之间的通信成本;(ii)交接事件;(iii)根据用户的带宽需求,用户与基站之间的通信成本。通过从用户的GPS和基站坐标收集数据的仿真验证了所提出的公式。通过数学模型的建立,验证了分配考虑了最短距离、切换平均和网络带宽可用性。
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引用次数: 2
Hybrid IP/SDN Routing for Inter-Data Center Communications 数据中心间通信的混合IP/SDN路由
Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/CloudNet47604.2019.9064118
Vítor Pereira, Miguel Rocha, Pedro Sousa
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) and dedicated inter-Data Center Wide Area Networks have been exploring Software-Defined Networking (SDN) features to achieve a high utilization of the available resources. This work proposes a scalable hybrid IP/SDN routing model, and optimization procedures fostered by Evolutionary Computation algorithms, to achieve near optimal network resources utilization under changing traffic requirements.
互联网服务提供商(isp)和专用的数据中心间广域网一直在探索软件定义网络(SDN)的特性,以实现可用资源的高利用率。这项工作提出了一个可扩展的混合IP/SDN路由模型,以及由进化计算算法促进的优化过程,以在不断变化的流量需求下实现接近最优的网络资源利用。
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引用次数: 0
Minimizing state access delay for cloud-native network functions 最小化云原生网络功能的状态访问延迟
Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/CloudNet47604.2019.9064048
Márk Szalay, P. Mátray, László Toka
In the era of cloud services, there is a strong desire to improve the elasticity and reliability of applications in the cloud. The standard way of achieving these goals is to decouple the life-cycle of important application states from the life-cycle of individual application instances: states, and data in general, are written to and read from cloud databases, deployed close to the application code. The high performance requirements on the application impose strict latency limits on these storage solutions for state access. Cloud database instances are therefore distributed on multiple hosts in order to strive to ensure data locality for all functions. However, the shared nature of certain states, and the inevitable dynamics of the application workload necessarily lead to inter-host data access within the data center (or even across data centers, if the application requires a multi-data center setup). In order to minimize the inter-host communication due to state externalization, we propose an advanced cloud scheduling algorithm that places functions' states across the hosts of a data center. We create a model for the state placement with the aim of minimizing state access latency, and we prove that it is a complex problem. We therefore propose heuristics for fast and efficient placement methods and we evaluate those across realistic scenarios. We show that our approximations are close to the optimal placement, and in large-scale settings the algorithms take only a few minutes to yield good placement results.
在云服务时代,人们强烈希望提高云应用程序的弹性和可靠性。实现这些目标的标准方法是将重要应用程序状态的生命周期与单个应用程序实例的生命周期解耦:通常将状态和数据写入和读取到云数据库,部署在靠近应用程序代码的地方。应用程序的高性能要求对这些状态访问的存储解决方案施加了严格的延迟限制。因此,云数据库实例分布在多个主机上,以努力确保所有功能的数据局部性。但是,某些状态的共享特性和应用程序工作负载的不可避免的动态特性必然导致数据中心内的主机间数据访问(如果应用程序需要多数据中心设置,甚至可以跨数据中心访问)。为了最大限度地减少由于状态外部化而导致的主机间通信,我们提出了一种先进的云调度算法,该算法将功能的状态放置在数据中心的主机上。我们以最小化状态访问延迟为目标创建了状态放置模型,并证明了这是一个复杂的问题。因此,我们提出了快速有效的放置方法的启发式方法,并在现实场景中评估这些方法。我们表明,我们的近似值接近于最佳放置,并且在大规模设置中,算法只需几分钟即可产生良好的放置结果。
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引用次数: 8
Dynamic Sketch: Efficient and Adjustable Heavy Hitter Detection for Software Packet Processing 动态素描:有效和可调的重打检测软件包处理
Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/CloudNet47604.2019.9064148
Yipeng Wang, Tong Yang, Ren Wang, T. Tai
Heavy hitter detection is a key task for networking traffic profiling, which can be used for various purposes such as Denial of Service (DoS) attack detection, Quality of Service (QoS) scheduling, load balancing, and flow size based routing, etc. Over the years, many efforts have been made on designing data structures and algorithms to achieve fast and memory-efficient inline profiling in cloud networks. Traditional heavy hitter detection methods, however, yield an innate and nonadjustable profiling accuracy (i.e., false positive or false negative) once the data structure is initialized. Users have no runtime feedback information nor control on the profiling accuracy, which could be an important factor for their usages. In this paper, we propose and evaluate a novel dynamic and memory-efficient heavy hitter detection algorithm, called Dynamic sketch. Dynamic sketch performs runtime accuracy monitoring and provides feedback to users via a sampling based method. It also self-adjusts the accuracy at runtime to satisfy the target given by the user. We implemented Dynamic sketch and our evaluations show that Dynamic sketch is able to report profiling accuracy with only a minimal 2% performance overhead. In addition, Dynamic sketch is 2.35 × faster than the state-of-the-art hash table based heavy hitter detector and achieves more than 2× memory efficiency than the state-of-the-art sketch based implementation.
重型攻击检测是网络流量分析的关键任务,可用于各种目的,如拒绝服务(DoS)攻击检测、服务质量(QoS)调度、负载平衡和基于流量大小的路由等。多年来,人们在设计数据结构和算法方面做出了许多努力,以实现云网络中快速且内存高效的内联分析。然而,传统的重磅检测方法一旦数据结构初始化,就会产生固有的和不可调整的分析精度(即假阳性或假阴性)。用户没有运行时反馈信息,也无法控制分析的准确性,而这可能是影响其使用的一个重要因素。在本文中,我们提出并评估了一种新的动态和内存高效的重击球手检测算法,称为动态草图。动态草图执行运行时精度监控,并通过基于采样的方法向用户提供反馈。它还可以在运行时自动调整精度,以满足用户给定的目标。我们实现了Dynamic sketch,我们的评估表明Dynamic sketch能够报告分析的准确性,而性能开销只有最小的2%。此外,Dynamic sketch比基于最先进的哈希表的重型攻击检测器快2.35倍,并且比基于最先进的sketch实现实现实现的内存效率高出2倍以上。
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引用次数: 0
User Profile-based Caching in 5G Telco-CDNs 5G电信cdn中基于用户配置文件的缓存
Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/CloudNet47604.2019.9064113
A. Soltani, B. Akbari, N. Mokari
With 5G networks on the horizon, providing immense radio access rate, mobile core networks will face an extremely heavy load to accommodate the users' requests. Employing Content Delivery Networks inside Mobile Networks (Telco-CDNs) is one of the promising solutions to alleviate the extra load and avoid congestion in the mobile core networks. Our goal is to exploit the users' profiles in cache replacement policies in order to improve their Quality of Experience (QoE). By using the information readily available in Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) such as user locations and their content preference, we propose a novel cache replacement strategy incorporating the users' profile information. We evaluate the proposed method compared to de-facto policies. Furthermore, we demonstrate that in scenarios involving moving users, our approach shows better performance with up to 23% more traffic saving relative to traditional methods. Finally, we investigate our method's sensitivity to profile accuracy and demonstrate its capabilities despite possible errors in profile estimations.
随着5G网络即将到来,提供巨大的无线接入速率,移动核心网络将面临极其沉重的负载,以满足用户的需求。在移动网络内部部署内容分发网络(telco - cdn)是缓解移动核心网络的额外负载和避免拥塞的一种很有前途的解决方案。我们的目标是在缓存替换策略中利用用户的配置文件,以提高他们的体验质量(QoE)。通过利用移动网络运营商(MNOs)的用户位置和内容偏好等信息,我们提出了一种新的包含用户个人资料信息的缓存替换策略。我们将建议的方法与实际政策进行比较。此外,我们证明,在涉及移动用户的场景中,我们的方法表现出更好的性能,与传统方法相比,可节省高达23%的流量。最后,我们研究了我们的方法对轮廓精度的敏感性,并证明了它的能力,尽管在轮廓估计中可能存在错误。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
2019 IEEE 8th International Conference on Cloud Networking (CloudNet)
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